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单词 maleficence
释义

maleficencen.

Brit. /məˈlɛfᵻsns/, U.S. /məˈlɛfəsəns/
Forms: 1500s malyfycens, 1500s– maleficence.
Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin maleficentia.
Etymology: < classical Latin maleficentia < male facere (see malefice n.) by analogy with malevolentia (see malevolence n.). Compare Middle French maleficence (1541 in an isolated example), Italian maleficenza (a1611), and earlier beneficence n.
1. Evildoing; an act of evildoing (rare).
ΘΚΠ
the mind > goodness and badness > badness or evil > evil action > [noun]
wonder1154
wickednessa1300
perpetrationc1429
maleficence1533
wicked-doing1535
malefaction1604
perpetrating1615
malefacture1635
society > morality > moral evil > wrong conduct > evildoing or wrongdoing > [noun]
sinc825
naughteOE
unnuteOE
sinningc1000
unrightOE
un-i-selthlOE
wonder1154
misguiltc1200
misdoinga1225
teeninga1225
miss?c1225
crimec1250
misdeed?c1250
wickednessa1300
mischiefa1387
evil-doing1398
mistakinga1400
perpetrationc1429
wrongingc1449
maledictionc1475
maleficence1533
wicked-doing1535
foul play1546
misdealing1571
flagition1598
delinquency1603
malefaction1604
meschancy1609
malefacture1635
misacting1651
guilt1726
flagitiosity1727
malpractice1739
malfeasance1856
peccation1861
miscreance1972
1533 tr. Erasmus Enchiridion Militis Christiani xxviii. sig. Qiij We must haue in mynde the benefycens of god & the malyfycens or noysaunce of the deuyll.
1598 I. K. tr. A. Romei Courtier's Acad. 252 Povertie bringeth foorth seditions and maleficences.
a1670 J. Hacket Scrinia Reserata (1693) ii. 85 The Bishop of Lincoln..fell into trouble..for want of a parliament to keep him from maleficence.
1830 J. Bentham Official Aptitude Maximized Pref. p. xxv (note) The correspondent closeness of connection between maleficence..and punishment.
1865 J. Grote Treat. Moral Ideals (1876) xi. 244 By ‘maleficence’ I mean the attempt to give pain, as such, to others.
1969 A. Stewart in G. Ionescu & E. Gellner Populism 192 In other cases, there is a stress upon calculated maleficence and xenophobia, containing fascist elements.
1988 Times Lit. Suppl. 8 July 751/3 The misfortunes that afflict them..are attributed to the evil eye or more deliberate forms of maleficence.
2. Malefic character; harmfulness.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > [noun] > quality
loathnessc1175
grievousness1303
malicea1382
noyfulnessa1398
mischievousness1567
harmfulnessa1586
balefulness1590
illnessc1595
hurt1608
hurtfulness1611
mischief1646
noxiousness1655
deleteriousness1758
maleficence1796
vice1837
bale-fire1855
disutility1879
nocuousness1894
disvalue1925
1796 H. Hunter tr. J.-H. B. de Saint-Pierre Stud. Nature (1799) II. 32 In order to express the maleficent character of a venomous plant, she combines in it clashing oppositions of the forms and colours which are the indications of that maleficence.
1830 Westm. Rev. 13 428 He takes in hand Matchless Constitution's plan. Not sufficient for him is its maleficence—he adds to it [etc.].
1897 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. II. 884 There is still in such [formerly malarious] districts some remnant of maleficence.
1931 J. Buchan Blanket of Dark 289 He had seen his enemy and had understood both his power and his maleficence.
1979 Dædalus Summer 91 This is..to submit again to the maleficence of exteriority by putting one's self hors de soi.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.1533
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