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单词 manred
释义

manredn.

Brit. /ˈmanrəd/, U.S. /ˈmænrəd/
Forms:

α. Old English mannræden, Old English mannrædenn, Old English manræden, Old English manrædenn, late Old English mannredden, early Middle English monræidene, early Middle English monradene, early Middle English monredne, Middle English manradene, Middle English manredene, Middle English monraddene, Middle English monreden, 1500s manrydden, 1500s–1600s manratten, 1600s maurydden (transmission error); Scottish pre-1700 manredyn.

β. Middle English mannrede, Middle English manrade, Middle English manrede, Middle English monrade, Middle English monrede, Middle English–1600s 1800s– manred, 1500s manrode, 1500s manryd, 1600s manroode; Scottish pre-1700 mandred, pre-1700 manratht, pre-1700 manred, pre-1700 manrede, pre-1700 manreid, pre-1700 manreth, pre-1700 manretht, pre-1700 manreyd, pre-1700 manrytt.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: man n.1, -red suffix.
Etymology: < man n.1 + -red suffix; compare the variant manrent n.
1.
a. In the 16th and 17th centuries chiefly Scottish. The state or condition of subordination or subjection to another; homage, vassalage, the undertaking or obligation of a vassal to support a patron faithfully; = manrent n. 1. Frequently in to do (also make, take) manred. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > subjection > service > feudal service > feudal homage or allegiance > [noun]
manredOE
manshipc1175
homagec1300
manheadc1325
servagec1325
servicec1325
manhood1340
servageryc1425
manrent1442
servitudec1500
trewage1592
homagy1610
α.
OE Ælfric Lives of Saints (Julius) (1900) II. 292 Se unclæne gast him of-afliged wæs, þurh martines mihte, and him micclum sceamode þæs deofles man-rædenne þe he on wæs oþ þæt.
OE Ælfric Old Eng. Hexateuch: Josh. (Claud.) ix. 11 Ða cwædon ure frynd, ðæt we comon to eow to eowre manrædene.
lOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) anno 1115 He dyde þæt ealle þa heafod mæn on Normandig dydon man ræden.
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) 13371 Þe monraddene he nom æuere æwher he com.
c1390 Gregorius (Vernon) (1914) 124 Monreden [v.r. manredene] he tok þat is to sayne To beo boxum to his hond.
c1440 (a1400) Awntyrs Arthure (Thornton) 642 Here I make the relese,..And sythene I make the manredene.
1489 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (Adv.) xvi. 307 Ye kingis off Irchery Come to schyr Eduuard halily And yar manredyn gan him ma.
β. ?a1160 Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) (Peterborough contin.) anno 1137 Hi hadden him manred maked & athes suoren.c1300 St. Kenelm (Laud) 201 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 351 (MED) Heo wende a-boute ope al hire lond and nam hire manrade.c1300 (c1250) Floris & Blauncheflur (Cambr.) (1966) l. 395 His manrede þu schalt fonge.a1325 Statutes of Realm (2011) xxxix. 101 Tol: þat is þat ȝe ant alle owere men of alle ower manrade ben quite in alle chepinges of tol of þinges iboȝute ant ischolde.a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 20620 Suet moder..Al heuen court sal serue þe, To mak þe manred.c1440 (?a1400) Morte Arthure 127 (MED) Misdoo no messangere..Sen we are in thy mannrede and mercy þe besekes.1531 in W. Fraser Bk. Carlaverock (1873) II. 467 Our band of special manred and seruice.1590 in W. Fraser Chiefs of Grant (1883) III. 172 The vptaking of ony..dew service or manrytt of the tennentis.a1650 D. Calderwood Hist. Kirk Scotl. (1843) III. 635 Three hundreth of the crafts..offer their band of manreid to him.1679 J. Somerville Memorie Somervilles (1815) I. 75 To be obleidged and bound..in mandred,..to be with one another in all actiones.1860 R. F. Burton Lake Regions Central Afr. I. 114 Like the ‘manred’ of Scotland.., it tends to reconcile separate interests.
b. In extended use: sexual submission. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > sexual relations > sexual activity > [noun] > sexual intercourse
ymonec950
moneOE
meanc1175
manredc1275
swivinga1300
couplec1320
companyc1330
fellowred1340
the service of Venusc1350
miskissinga1387
fellowshipc1390
meddlinga1398
carnal knowinga1400
flesha1400
knowledgea1400
knowledginga1400
japec1400
commoning?c1425
commixtionc1429
itc1440
communicationc1450
couplingc1475
mellingc1480
carnality1483
copulation1483
mixturea1500
Venus act?1507
Venus exercise?1507
Venus play?1507
Venus work?1507
conversation?c1510
flesh-company1522
act?1532
carnal knowledge1532
occupying?1544
congression1546
soil1555
conjunction1567
fucking1568
rem in re1568
commixture1573
coiture1574
shaking of the sheets?1577
cohabitation1579
bedding1589
congress1589
union1598
embrace1599
making-outa1601
rutting1600
noddy1602
poop-noddy1606
conversinga1610
carnal confederacy1610
wapping1610
businessa1612
coition1615
doinga1616
amation1623
commerce1624
hot cocklesa1627
other thing1628
buck1632
act of love1638
commistion1658
subagitation1658
cuntc1664
coit1671
intimacy1676
the last favour1676
quiffing1686
old hat1697
correspondence1698
frigging1708
Moll Peatley1711
coitus1713
sexual intercourse1753
shagging1772
connection1791
intercourse1803
interunion1822
greens1846
tail1846
copula1864
poking1864
fuckeea1866
sex relation1871
wantonizing1884
belly-flopping1893
twatting1893
jelly roll1895
mattress-jig1896
sex1900
screwing1904
jazz1918
zig-zig1918
other1922
booty1926
pigmeat1926
jazzing1927
poontang1927
relations1927
whoopee1928
nookie1930
hump1931
jig-a-jig1932
homework1933
quickie1933
nasty1934
jig-jig1935
crumpet1936
pussy1937
Sir Berkeley1937
pom-pom1945
poon1947
charvering1954
mollocking1959
leg1967
rumpy-pumpy1968
shafting1971
home plate1972
pata-pata1977
bonking1985
legover1985
knobbing1986
rumpo1986
fanny1993
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 12932 He wolde mon-radene [c1300 Otho manradene] habben wið þan maidene.
2. Feudal Law. The service or payment rendered by a tenant to an owner. rare. Now historical. [A post-classical Latin borrowing manreda in this sense is found several times in the Register of the Abbey of St Benet's, Hulme, Norfolk in the late 11th and early 12th centuries.]
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > impost, due, or tax > payment or service to feudal superior > [noun] > other customary or feudal dues
land-cheapc848
manredlOE
horngeldc1170
tithing penny1192
averpenny1253
wattle-silver1263
faldfee?a1300
filstinga1300
horn-pennyc1320
common finea1325
wrongeld1340
yule-waitingc1380
lark silver1382
carriagec1400
week-silver1430
aida1475
average1489
castle-boon15..
winage1523
casualty?1529
fry money1530
casualityc1568
white hart silver1594
hornage1611
issues of homage1646
lef-silver1660
frith-silver1669
cert-money1670
aver-silver1847
socage1859
lOE Rec. Dues, Taunton in A. J. Robertson Anglo-Saxon Charters (1956) 236 Þæt is ærest of þam lande æt Nigonhidon seo mann redden into Tantune, cirhsceattas, & burhgerihtu, heorðpenegas, & hundred penegas, & teoþung of ælcere hide eahta penegas, hamsocn, & forsteall, [etc.].
1922 Eng. Hist. Rev. 37 230 In several passages the memorandum states that the abbey [of St Benet's] has lost half the manred of this or that individual.
3.
a. Vassals collectively, a body of retainers; the men whom a lord could call upon in time of war; = manrent n. 2. Hence gen.: a supply of men for military purposes. In the 16th and 17th centuries chiefly Scottish. Now historical.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > armed forces > the Army > [noun] > feudal vassals
bana1250
rerebandc1330
manredc1400
arrière-ban1523
manrentc1540
reban1873
society > authority > subjection > service > feudal service > [noun] > vassal > body or assemblage of vassals > liable to military service
rerebandc1330
manredc1400
manrentc1540
c1400 (?a1300) Kyng Alisaunder (Laud) (1952) 4656 (MED) Pes he dude onon grede To al Darries manrede.
c1425 (c1400) Laud Troy-bk. 18596 He is ded..And alle his frendis & his manred.
1543 T. Wharton in State Papers Henry VIII (1836) V. 311 In Northumbreland wher manryd of men er.
1549 J. Cheke Hurt of Sedicion sig. F8 Bi destruction of shiers, losing of heruest,..decayinge of manrode.
1559 Abp. M. Parker et al. Let. to Queen Elizabeth I in Abp. M. Parker Corr. (1853) (modernized text) 99 Where the manred with the manors is withdrawn from us, that we be not..charged with the setting forth of men of war.
a1600 (c1515) Flodden Field (Harl. 367) l. 391 in I. F. Baird Poems Stanley Family (D.Phil. thesis, Univ. of Birm.) (1990) 269 I give it agayne to the whollye: The Manratten [c1650 Percy Maurydden] of Lancashire..At thy bydding ever for to bee.
1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. ii. 17 Iohn Commin the mightiest man for manred and retinew in all Scotland.
a1656 R. Gordon Geneal. Hist. Earldom of Sutherland (1813) 509 The earl is become mightie both in manrede and otherwayes.
1996 D. Loades John Dudley iii. 121 Lord Russell..was sent down to the south-west at the end of June, but it soon became apparent that his own manred could accomplish nothing, and that he would need professional soldiers to encounter a rebel army which was beseiging Exeter.
2001 R. W. Hoyle Pilgrimage of Grace x. 283 This gave Norfolk the opportunity to mobilize his tenants and manred in Norfolk and Suffolk.
b. The position of leader of a body of fighting men; the leadership of a body of retainers. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > military service > [noun] > leading or commanding
leadingc1400
governailc1425
magistration1490
conducting1517
manred1528
conduct1530
manrentc1540
conduction1551
commandment1592
command1594
commandery1598
captaincy1850
officering1890
1528 in State Papers Henry VIII (1830) I. 315 As schuld be seen moste expedient for the orderyng the men, and the manred theroff.
1576 W. Lambarde Perambulation of Kent 367 That Gentleman, that had the manred (as some yet call it) or the office to leade the men of a Towne, or Parish.
1581 in I. H. Jeayes Catal. Berkeley Charters (1892) 227 The manred, rule, government, leading and commandment of all his servauntes [etc.].
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2000; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
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