Malakoffn.

Brit.

/ˈmaləkɒf/, U.S.

/ˈmɑləˌkɑf/

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French Malakoff.

Etymology: < French Malakoff, transliteration of Russian Malaxov in Malaxov kurgan the Malakoff mound, a hill on the outskirts of Sebastopol.The hill was heavily fortified with a tower bastion during the siege of Sebastopol; its capture by the French army on 8 Sept. 1855 led to the fall of Sebastopol and the end of the Crimean war. Subsequently the French commander, Pélissier, was awarded the title duc de Malakoff and there was a fashion for naming places, businesses, etc., in France, England, and America Malakoff following the victory. Senses 1 and 3, however, appear to refer to the shape of the hill (with sense 1 compare similar use in French, 1885 in Le Figaro 22 Sept. 1/3); sense 2 is by association with Sebastopol, the name of a form of dominoes.

†1. A crinoline. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > underwear > [noun] > underskirt > stiffened or expanded

hoop-petticoat1711

hooped petticoat1712

crinoline1847

hoop-skirt1857

Malakoff1861

1861 Lady Chatterton Mem. Ld. Gambier I. ii. 27 Englishwomen have witnessed the superior circumference of their Gallic sisters, in the palmy days of ‘Malakoffs’.

†2. Games. A form of four-handed dominoes. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > table game > dominoes > [noun] > forms of game

rounce1845

tiddlywink1857

matador1865

all fives1868

muggins1868

Malakoff1870

all fours1872

sniff1917

1870 Routledge's Every Boy's Ann. Nov. 671 Calling the restricted game the ‘Malakoff’, leaving the wider game the old title of Sebastopol.

3. A round, shallow mould used in cheese-making; a cheese of this shape also called Gournay (see quots.).

ΚΠ

1883 P. L. Simmonds Dict. Useful Animals Malakoff, a small round cream cheese made in Gournay, France.

1973 J. Githens tr. P. Androuet Guide du Fromage viii. 312 Gournay Frais. Also known as Malakoff.

1989 P. Rance French Cheese Bk. i. 28 The cheese now called Gournay..in the middle of the last century..acquired a new name, Malakoff, through a distributor in Paris.

1989 P. Rance French Cheese Bk. i. 29 The name Malakoff is still in use for the round, shallow bonde platte mould.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	malakoff
释义	Malakoffn. Brit. /ˈmaləkɒf/, U.S. /ˈmɑləˌkɑf/ Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French Malakoff. Etymology: < French Malakoff, transliteration of Russian Malaxov in Malaxov kurgan the Malakoff mound, a hill on the outskirts of Sebastopol.The hill was heavily fortified with a tower bastion during the siege of Sebastopol; its capture by the French army on 8 Sept. 1855 led to the fall of Sebastopol and the end of the Crimean war. Subsequently the French commander, Pélissier, was awarded the title duc de Malakoff and there was a fashion for naming places, businesses, etc., in France, England, and America Malakoff following the victory. Senses 1 and 3, however, appear to refer to the shape of the hill (with sense 1 compare similar use in French, 1885 in Le Figaro 22 Sept. 1/3); sense 2 is by association with Sebastopol, the name of a form of dominoes. †1. A crinoline. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > underwear > [noun] > underskirt > stiffened or expanded hoop-petticoat1711 hooped petticoat1712 crinoline1847 hoop-skirt1857 Malakoff1861 1861 Lady Chatterton Mem. Ld. Gambier I. ii. 27 Englishwomen have witnessed the superior circumference of their Gallic sisters, in the palmy days of ‘Malakoffs’. †2. Games. A form of four-handed dominoes. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > table game > dominoes > [noun] > forms of game rounce1845 tiddlywink1857 matador1865 all fives1868 muggins1868 Malakoff1870 all fours1872 sniff1917 1870 Routledge's Every Boy's Ann. Nov. 671 Calling the restricted game the ‘Malakoff’, leaving the wider game the old title of Sebastopol. 3. A round, shallow mould used in cheese-making; a cheese of this shape also called Gournay (see quots.). ΚΠ 1883 P. L. Simmonds Dict. Useful Animals Malakoff, a small round cream cheese made in Gournay, France. 1973 J. Githens tr. P. Androuet Guide du Fromage viii. 312 Gournay Frais. Also known as Malakoff. 1989 P. Rance French Cheese Bk. i. 28 The cheese now called Gournay..in the middle of the last century..acquired a new name, Malakoff, through a distributor in Paris. 1989 P. Rance French Cheese Bk. i. 29 The name Malakoff is still in use for the round, shallow bonde platte mould. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1861
随便看	outchidden outchide outchided outchides outchiding outchoosing outchuck outcities outcitizen outcity outclamour outclass outclassed outclasses outclassing outclearance outclearer outclearing outclearing book outclerk outclimb outclimbed outclimbing outclimbs outclothing