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单词 malady
释义

maladyn.

Brit. /ˈmalədi/, U.S. /ˈmælədi/
Forms: Middle English madye (transmission error), Middle English malade, Middle English malaldy (transmission error), Middle English malidy, Middle English malodye, Middle English melody, Middle English–1500s maledie, Middle English–1500s maledy, Middle English–1500s maledye, Middle English–1500s malladie, Middle English–1500s malladye, Middle English–1600s maladi, Middle English–1600s maladie, Middle English–1600s maladye, Middle English– malady, 1500s malydy, 1500s–1600s melady; Scottish pre-1700 malade, pre-1700 maladeye, pre-1700 maladie, pre-1700 maledie, pre-1700 maledy, pre-1700 malete, pre-1700 malide, pre-1700 malidye, pre-1700 malladie, pre-1700 meladie, pre-1700 melady, pre-1700 meledie, pre-1700 mellodie, pre-1700 melodie, pre-1700 melody, pre-1700 1700s– malady. Plural Middle English maladijs, Middle English maledius, Middle English– maladies, 1500s maladyes; Scottish pre-1700 maladeis, pre-1700 1700s– maladies.
Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French maladie.
Etymology: < Anglo-Norman and Old French, Middle French maladie sickness (a1230; apparently only sporadically before 17th cent. in sense 2) < malade malade adj. + -ie -y suffix3.
1.
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a. Ill health, sickness, disease. Obsolete.
b. A specific kind of illness; an ailment, a disease.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > [noun]
soreOE
cothec1000
sicknessc1000
evilc1275
maladyc1275
grievance1377
passiona1382
infirmityc1384
mischiefa1387
affectiona1398
grievinga1398
grief1398
sicka1400
case?a1425
plaguec1425
diseasea1475
alteration1533
craze1534
uncome1538
impediment1542
affliction?1555
ailment1606
disaster1614
garget1615
morbus1630
ail1648
disaffect1683
disorder1690
illness1692
trouble1726
complaint1727
skookum1838
claim1898
itis1909
bug1918
wog1925
crud1932
bot1937
lurgy1947
Korean haemorrhagic fever1951
nadger1956
c1275 Kentish Serm. in J. Hall Select. Early Middle Eng. (1920) I. 218 He was i warisd of his maladie.
c1330 (?c1300) Bevis of Hampton (Auch.) 3921 God..heled him of his maladie.
a1425 (a1400) Prick of Conscience (Galba & Harl.) (1863) 701 Fevyr, dropsy, and Iaunys, Tysyk, goute, and other maladys.
1433 Rolls of Parl. IV. 424/1 For maladie, or for any other resonable cause.
a1450 (c1410) H. Lovelich Hist. Holy Grail xxxvi. 200 They knew not fulliche his Malade.
c1450 (?a1400) Wars Alexander (Ashm.) 2127 (MED) Amendid of hire malidy his modire he fyndis.
c1515 Ld. Berners tr. Bk. Duke Huon of Burdeux (1882–7) lx. 210 She tooke there such a maladye that she dyed therof.
1520 Chron. Eng. v. f. 44v/1 He sayd he wolde helpe the kynge of his malady.
c1550 Complaynt Scotl. (1979) vi. 45 In dangeir of diuers maladeis, as of fluxis, caterris, collic, and gut.
1598 W. Shakespeare Love's Labour's Lost iv. iii. 295 Abstinence ingenders maladies . View more context for this quotation
1647 J. Trapp Mellificium Theol. in Comm. Epist. & Rev. 614 Q. Elizabeth..knew, that much meat, much malady.
1722 Philos. Trans. 1720–21 (Royal Soc.) 31 60 The entertainment and Cure of such as have the Venereal Malady.
1769 W. Buchan Domest. Med. ii. 162 Those who breathe the impure air of cities have many maladies, to which the more happy rustics are strangers.
1871 G. H. Napheys Prevention & Cure Dis. iii. ii. 619 The vast number of maladies which may attack our bodies.
1916 D. H. Lawrence Amores 73 I carried my mother downstairs..at the beginning Of her soft-foot malady.
1931 H. S. Williams Bk. Marvels 69 The Klebs-Loeffler bacillus, the microbe responsible for the malady..known as diphtheria.
1970 D. Jacobson Rape of Tamar iv. 56 He was suffering..from a malady neither he nor his doctors could explain.
1987 F. Wyndham Other Garden vi. 78 If the pleurisy had been diagnosed sooner it would have been a minor malady.
c. A personification of disease. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
1563 T. Sackville in W. Baldwin et al. Myrrour for Magistrates (new ed.) xlix And fast by him pale Maladie was plaste, Sore sicke in bed, her colour al forgone.
2. figurative. The condition of mental, spiritual, or moral ill health (of an individual, of society or some section of it, or of the human race); any such condition that calls for a remedy. Cf. disease n. 3.
ΘΚΠ
society > morality > moral evil > moral or spiritual degeneration > [noun] > corruption > a morbid moral condition
rusteOE
maladyc1385
disease1509
lepry1526
boil1537
leprosy?1555
imposthume1565
gangrene1588
ulcer1592
diseasedness1614
lesion1640
unwholesomeness1881
c1385 G. Chaucer Knight's Tale 1373 And in his gere for al the world he ferde Nat oonly lyk the loueris maladye Of Heroes, but rather lyk manye Engendred of humour malencolyk.
c1390 in C. Horstmann Minor Poems Vernon MS (1892) i. 239 To helen vs of seuen Maledius.
a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) v. 459 That ilke unsely maladie The which is cleped Jelousie.
?a1430 T. Hoccleve Mother of God l. 117 in Minor Poems (1970) i. 55 Beeth leches of our synful maladie!
c1430 (c1386) G. Chaucer Legend Good Women 1379 Thow ne feltist malady Save foul delyt.
a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 227 May nane remeid my maledie Sa weill as ȝe, schir, veralie.
1570 Homelie against Disobedience i. sig. Biv Suche leude remedies beyng farre worse then any other maladies and disorders that can be in the body of a common wealth.
1647 T. May Hist. Parl. i. iv. 41 Not hoping..so quick a call of a nationall Synod, as the present malady required.
1687 J. Dryden Hind & Panther iii. 77 The Matron was not slow to find What sort of malady had seiz'd her mind.
1751 S. Johnson Rambler No. 87. ⁋6 The cure of our intellectual maladies.
1786 J. Bonnycastle Introd. Astron. 5 Astrology is another malady of weak minds.
1829 T. Carlyle in Edinb. Rev. June 458 Our spiritual maladies are but of Opinion.
1891 E. Kinglake Austral. at Home 17 A clerk's calling is not the only one overdone. That of the governess suffers from the same malady.
1928 A. Huxley in Sunday Disp. 16 Dec. 12/6 No people..has suffered more than the English from that life-sapping malady of too much machinery.
1939 H. Miller Tropic of Capricorn 214 All department stores are symbols of sickness and emptiness, but Bloomingdale's is my special sickness, my incurable obscure malady.
1991 Sky Mag. Feb. 94/2 Only twelve months into their careers and already EMF live in fear of catching that terminal pop malady—teenyitis.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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