magnanimityn.

Brit.

/ˌmaɡnəˈnɪmᵻti/, U.S.

/ˌmæɡnəˈnɪmədi/

Forms: Middle English magnanimite, Middle English magnanymite, Middle English magnanymitee, Middle English magnanymytee, Middle English–1500s magnanymyte, 1500s magnanimiti, 1500s magnanimyte, 1500s–1600s magnanimitie, 1500s– magnanimity; Scottish pre-1700 magnanemitie, pre-1700 magnanimite, pre-1700 magnanimitie, pre-1700 magnanimyte, pre-1700 magnanymyte, 1700s– magnanimity.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French magnanimité.

Etymology: < Middle French magnanimité high-mindedness (mid 13th cent. in Old French) < post-classical Latin magnanimitas liberality (mid 3rd cent. onwards; used as an honorific title in the 16th cent.) < classical Latin magnanimus (see magnanimous adj.) + -tās (see -ty suffix¹; compare -ity suffix). Compare the post-classical Latin plural magnanimitates heroic deeds (mid 12th cent., in a British source). In developed sense 3b paralleled in French (1689).

1. [Primarily in the Aristotelian sense of μεγαλοψυχία, variously translated as ‘greatness of soul’, ‘proper pride’, etc.] Well-founded high regard for oneself manifesting as generosity of spirit and equanimity in the face of trouble, etc. Also: greatness of thought or purpose; grandeur or nobility of designs, ambition, or spirit. Now rare.The meaning was sometimes less precise in medieval ethics, as the notion of μεγαλοψυχία was modified in accordance with Christian ideals, and blended with elements suggested by the etymology of the Latin word (animus being capable of the sense ‘courage’); hence ‘magnanimity’ is often classed as a subdivision of ‘fortitude’ (so Aquinas, following Macrobius In Somn. Scip. i. viii. §7).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > scholasticism > [noun] > the virtues

magnanimity1340

magnificence1340

commutative justice1531

distributive justice1531

society > morality > virtue > morally elevated quality > [noun] > high-mindedness or magnanimity

high-mindedness1571

handsomeness1577

noble-mindedness1583

generousness1593

ingenuity1598

magnanimity1598

magnanimousness1606

ingenuousness1611

megalopsychy1656

generosity1783

high thinking1807

greatheartedness1813

kalokagathia1921

megalopsychia1962

the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > ancient Greek philosophy > post-Socratic philosophy > [noun] > Aristotelianism > elements of > elements of Aristotelian ethics

magnificence1340

commutative justice1531

corrective justice1531

distributive justice1531

magnanimity1598

megalopsychia1962

1340 Ayenbite (1866) 164 Magnanimite is heȝnesse, gratnesse, and noblesse of wylhede huerby þe man is hardi ase lyon.

c1380 G. Chaucer Second Nun's Tale 110 Right so men goostly in this mayden free Sayen of feith the magnanymytee.

1586 T. Bowes tr. P. de la Primaudaye French Acad. I. 52 Prudence, Magnanimitie, and Iustice are ankers of greatest stay.

1598 R. Barckley Disc. Felicitie of Man iii. 161 Carolus Martellus shewed great magnanimitie in refusing principalitie.

?1637 T. Hobbes tr. Aristotle Briefe Art Rhetorique i. 32 Magnanimity..is a Vertue, by which a man is apt to doe great benefits.

1717 L. Howel Desiderius 74 We are indued with a spiritual Magnanimity, that sets us above the Desire of temporal Goods.

1769 W. Robertson Hist. Charles V III. xi. 267 That magnanimity of soul which delights in bold enterprizes.

1859 T. Carlyle Let. 13 Apr. in Sir C. G. Duffy Conversat. Carlyle (1892) 203 A man of scrupulous veracity, correctness and integrity, a kind of Grandisonian style of magnanimity, both in substance and manner, visible in all his conduct.

1900 J. H. Muirhead Chapters fr. Aristotle's Ethics 243 With regard to honour and dishonour, there is a mean called magnanimity, or high-mindedness, a species of excess called vanity, and a defect called pusillanimity or little-mindedness.

1979 D. Lessing Shikasta 36 There was a largeness in them, a magnanimity, a scope and sweep of understanding.

†2. Great courage; fortitude. Obsolete.In some examples perhaps the Aristotelian sense: see sense 1.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > courage > [noun] > high courage

magnanimity?a1439

a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) iii. 4678 (MED) To comende his vertuous prowesse, His preuyd tryumphes, his magnanymyte, His marcial actis.

a1450 (c1412) T. Hoccleve De Regimine Principum (Harl. 4866) (1897) 3900 Off magnanimite..þat is to seyn, strong herte or grete corage..haþ stablisshed her fete [read sete].

1509 A. Barclay Brant's Shyp of Folys (Pynson) f. ccxvii^v For his strength and magnanymyte..One founde on grounde lyke to hym can nat be.

1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection iii. sig. AAAiiii^v Magnanimite is the vertue, wherby man or wman hath a discrete doughtynes..to speke or to do that thyng, that they ought to do by ryght and reason for the loue of god.

1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. cccxxii This..magnanimiti in so great aduersity [L. in rebus adversis animi fortitudo] got him great loue euery wher amongs al men.

1576 G. Gascoigne Steele Glas (1868) Ded. 43 Shall I yelde to mysery as a iust plague apointed for my portion? Magnanimitie saith no.

1610 A. Willet Hexapla in Danielem 62 In courage and magnanimitie superiour to Hercules.

1744 J. Harris Three Treat. 245 I can bear whatever happens with manlike Magnanimity.

1801 M. Edgeworth Angelina ii, in Moral Tales II. 19 The courage and magnanimity, with which she had escaped from her ‘aristocratic persecutors’.

a. In plural. As a count noun: instances of magnanimous or generous conduct.

ΘΚΠ

society > morality > virtue > morally elevated quality > [noun] > high-mindedness or magnanimity > instance or display of magnanimity

magnanimitiesa1639

beau geste1920

a1639 H. Wotton Reliquiæ Wottonianæ (1672) 241 Some seeming Magnanimities being indeed (if you sound them well) at the bottom, very Impotencies.

1844 E. B. Barrett Drama of Exile in Poems I. 95 Aspire Unto the calms and magnanimities,..To which thou art elect.

1889 ‘M. Twain’ Connecticut Yankee xiv. 168 None of those chivalrous magnanimities which one reads so much about.

1922 K. Tynan Wandering Years xxviii. 336 True, there had been the magnanimities of the struggle, the great magnanimities between soldiers which broke the heart while they uplifted it.

b. Nobility or generosity of spirit; superiority to petty resentment or jealousy; noble or generous disregard of insults or injuries; an instance of any of these.

ΘΚΠ

society > morality > virtue > morally elevated quality > [noun] > high-mindedness or magnanimity > in regard to injuries

magnanimity1771

1771 E. Burke Let. to Bp. Chester in Corr. (1844) I. 271 It may be magnanimity in Lord Mansfield to despise attacks made upon himself.

1785 W. Paley Moral & Polit. Philos. in Wks. (1825) IV. 9 Forgiveness of injuries is accounted by one sort of people magnanimity, by another meanness.

1841 M. Elphinstone Hist. India II. viii. ii. 219 The mean spirit of Mahmúd was incapable of imitating the magnanimity of his enemy.

1868 E. Edwards Life Sir W. Ralegh I. xiii. 258 Ralegh..on former occasions had shown towards Essex a wise and noble magnanimity.

1930 V. Sackville-West Edwardians iv. 171 ‘You have no notion of my generosity.’.. He began to see himself..full of magnanimity.

1943 A. Rand Fountainhead ii. ix. 314 It made her grow in spiritual stature—to know the extent of her own magnanimity in her love for so uninspiring an object.

1994 Independent on Sunday 19 June (Review Suppl.) 69/1 The fact that the local planning authority has allowed him to build in cob is largely due to the magnanimity of the building inspector.

†4. Affectation of grandeur; magnificence. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > pride > ostentation > splendour, magnificence, or pomp > [noun]

prideOE

nobleyec1300

farec1330

pompc1330

statec1330

rialtya1375

estatec1385

lordliness1440

pompousness1447

noblenessc1450

worthinessc1450

pomperyc1460

affairc1480

gloryc1480

majesty1481

triumpha1513

shine?1529

royalness?1548

sumptuosity1550

triumphing1569

magnificie1570

presence1570

gite1589

equipage1612

majesticalness1613

ceremonya1616

splendour1616

stateliness1637

majesticnessa1643

scheme1647

pageantry1651

grandeur1652

splendidnessa1657

magnanimity1658

magnificency1668

fluster1676

energy1764

pompa1783

panoply1790

pageanting1873

1658 Sir T. Browne Hydriotaphia: Urne-buriall v. 82 Pyramids, Arches, Obelisks, were but the irregularities of vain-glory, and wilde enormities of ancient magnanimity.

†5. water of magnanimity n. [after post-classical Latin aqua magnanimitatis (1614 or earlier)] Medicine Obsolete a preparation made by soaking ants in alcohol and distilling the resulting liquid, used medicinally as a stimulant.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines of specific form > decoction or infusion > [noun] > aqueous decoction or infusion > specific

barley waterc1320

oak-water?1523

hydrelaeon?1550

plantain-water1588

lily-water1599

napha water1600

cowslip-water1612

water of magnanimity1659

succory water1670

lime-water1682

onion-water1694

pennyroyal water1699

balm-water1712

forge-water1725

laurel-water1731

aqua mirabilis1736

tar-water1740

milk of lime1784

laurel-cherry water1787

fly-water1815

herb-water1886

1659 T. Bateson tr. J. Schröder Ζωολογια 148 The distilled water called water of Magnanimity. Take Ants (the greater are best) two handfuls, spirit of Wine as much as is sufficient, digest them in a close vessell untill they be putrefied and turn into a liquor. Then distill them.

1700 Pharmacopœia Lemeriana Contracta 113 (heading) Water of Magnanimity.

1803 W. B. Johnson Hist. Progr. & Present State Animal Chem. II. 52 Hoffmann afterwards extracted spirit of wine from these insects [sc. ants], and called the product he obtained, in the alchemical style, water of magnanimity.

1857 T. Redwood Suppl. to Pharmacopœia (ed. 3) 174 It [sc. the red ant] also contains a resinous oil, acrid and odorous, which may be obtained, mixed with the acid, by means of alcohol; the resulting tincture is Hoffmann's Water of Magnanimity.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2000; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	magnanimity
释义	magnanimityn. Brit. /ˌmaɡnəˈnɪmᵻti/, U.S. /ˌmæɡnəˈnɪmədi/ Forms: Middle English magnanimite, Middle English magnanymite, Middle English magnanymitee, Middle English magnanymytee, Middle English–1500s magnanymyte, 1500s magnanimiti, 1500s magnanimyte, 1500s–1600s magnanimitie, 1500s– magnanimity; Scottish pre-1700 magnanemitie, pre-1700 magnanimite, pre-1700 magnanimitie, pre-1700 magnanimyte, pre-1700 magnanymyte, 1700s– magnanimity. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French magnanimité. Etymology: < Middle French magnanimité high-mindedness (mid 13th cent. in Old French) < post-classical Latin magnanimitas liberality (mid 3rd cent. onwards; used as an honorific title in the 16th cent.) < classical Latin magnanimus (see magnanimous adj.) + -tās (see -ty suffix¹; compare -ity suffix). Compare the post-classical Latin plural magnanimitates heroic deeds (mid 12th cent., in a British source). In developed sense 3b paralleled in French (1689). 1. [Primarily in the Aristotelian sense of μεγαλοψυχία, variously translated as ‘greatness of soul’, ‘proper pride’, etc.] Well-founded high regard for oneself manifesting as generosity of spirit and equanimity in the face of trouble, etc. Also: greatness of thought or purpose; grandeur or nobility of designs, ambition, or spirit. Now rare.The meaning was sometimes less precise in medieval ethics, as the notion of μεγαλοψυχία was modified in accordance with Christian ideals, and blended with elements suggested by the etymology of the Latin word (animus being capable of the sense ‘courage’); hence ‘magnanimity’ is often classed as a subdivision of ‘fortitude’ (so Aquinas, following Macrobius In Somn. Scip. i. viii. §7). ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > scholasticism > [noun] > the virtues magnanimity1340 magnificence1340 commutative justice1531 distributive justice1531 society > morality > virtue > morally elevated quality > [noun] > high-mindedness or magnanimity high-mindedness1571 handsomeness1577 noble-mindedness1583 generousness1593 ingenuity1598 magnanimity1598 magnanimousness1606 ingenuousness1611 megalopsychy1656 generosity1783 high thinking1807 greatheartedness1813 kalokagathia1921 megalopsychia1962 the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > ancient Greek philosophy > post-Socratic philosophy > [noun] > Aristotelianism > elements of > elements of Aristotelian ethics magnificence1340 commutative justice1531 corrective justice1531 distributive justice1531 magnanimity1598 megalopsychia1962 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 164 Magnanimite is heȝnesse, gratnesse, and noblesse of wylhede huerby þe man is hardi ase lyon. c1380 G. Chaucer Second Nun's Tale 110 Right so men goostly in this mayden free Sayen of feith the magnanymytee. 1586 T. Bowes tr. P. de la Primaudaye French Acad. I. 52 Prudence, Magnanimitie, and Iustice are ankers of greatest stay. 1598 R. Barckley Disc. Felicitie of Man iii. 161 Carolus Martellus shewed great magnanimitie in refusing principalitie. ?1637 T. Hobbes tr. Aristotle Briefe Art Rhetorique i. 32 Magnanimity..is a Vertue, by which a man is apt to doe great benefits. 1717 L. Howel Desiderius 74 We are indued with a spiritual Magnanimity, that sets us above the Desire of temporal Goods. 1769 W. Robertson Hist. Charles V III. xi. 267 That magnanimity of soul which delights in bold enterprizes. 1859 T. Carlyle Let. 13 Apr. in Sir C. G. Duffy Conversat. Carlyle (1892) 203 A man of scrupulous veracity, correctness and integrity, a kind of Grandisonian style of magnanimity, both in substance and manner, visible in all his conduct. 1900 J. H. Muirhead Chapters fr. Aristotle's Ethics 243 With regard to honour and dishonour, there is a mean called magnanimity, or high-mindedness, a species of excess called vanity, and a defect called pusillanimity or little-mindedness. 1979 D. Lessing Shikasta 36 There was a largeness in them, a magnanimity, a scope and sweep of understanding. †2. Great courage; fortitude. Obsolete.In some examples perhaps the Aristotelian sense: see sense 1. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > courage > [noun] > high courage magnanimity?a1439 a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) iii. 4678 (MED) To comende his vertuous prowesse, His preuyd tryumphes, his magnanymyte, His marcial actis. a1450 (c1412) T. Hoccleve De Regimine Principum (Harl. 4866) (1897) 3900 Off magnanimite..þat is to seyn, strong herte or grete corage..haþ stablisshed her fete [read sete]. 1509 A. Barclay Brant's Shyp of Folys (Pynson) f. ccxvii^v For his strength and magnanymyte..One founde on grounde lyke to hym can nat be. 1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection iii. sig. AAAiiii^v Magnanimite is the vertue, wherby man or wman hath a discrete doughtynes..to speke or to do that thyng, that they ought to do by ryght and reason for the loue of god. 1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. cccxxii This..magnanimiti in so great aduersity [L. in rebus adversis animi fortitudo] got him great loue euery wher amongs al men. 1576 G. Gascoigne Steele Glas (1868) Ded. 43 Shall I yelde to mysery as a iust plague apointed for my portion? Magnanimitie saith no. 1610 A. Willet Hexapla in Danielem 62 In courage and magnanimitie superiour to Hercules. 1744 J. Harris Three Treat. 245 I can bear whatever happens with manlike Magnanimity. 1801 M. Edgeworth Angelina ii, in Moral Tales II. 19 The courage and magnanimity, with which she had escaped from her ‘aristocratic persecutors’. 3. a. In plural. As a count noun: instances of magnanimous or generous conduct. ΘΚΠ society > morality > virtue > morally elevated quality > [noun] > high-mindedness or magnanimity > instance or display of magnanimity magnanimitiesa1639 beau geste1920 a1639 H. Wotton Reliquiæ Wottonianæ (1672) 241 Some seeming Magnanimities being indeed (if you sound them well) at the bottom, very Impotencies. 1844 E. B. Barrett Drama of Exile in Poems I. 95 Aspire Unto the calms and magnanimities,..To which thou art elect. 1889 ‘M. Twain’ Connecticut Yankee xiv. 168 None of those chivalrous magnanimities which one reads so much about. 1922 K. Tynan Wandering Years xxviii. 336 True, there had been the magnanimities of the struggle, the great magnanimities between soldiers which broke the heart while they uplifted it. b. Nobility or generosity of spirit; superiority to petty resentment or jealousy; noble or generous disregard of insults or injuries; an instance of any of these. ΘΚΠ society > morality > virtue > morally elevated quality > [noun] > high-mindedness or magnanimity > in regard to injuries magnanimity1771 1771 E. Burke Let. to Bp. Chester in Corr. (1844) I. 271 It may be magnanimity in Lord Mansfield to despise attacks made upon himself. 1785 W. Paley Moral & Polit. Philos. in Wks. (1825) IV. 9 Forgiveness of injuries is accounted by one sort of people magnanimity, by another meanness. 1841 M. Elphinstone Hist. India II. viii. ii. 219 The mean spirit of Mahmúd was incapable of imitating the magnanimity of his enemy. 1868 E. Edwards Life Sir W. Ralegh I. xiii. 258 Ralegh..on former occasions had shown towards Essex a wise and noble magnanimity. 1930 V. Sackville-West Edwardians iv. 171 ‘You have no notion of my generosity.’.. He began to see himself..full of magnanimity. 1943 A. Rand Fountainhead ii. ix. 314 It made her grow in spiritual stature—to know the extent of her own magnanimity in her love for so uninspiring an object. 1994 Independent on Sunday 19 June (Review Suppl.) 69/1 The fact that the local planning authority has allowed him to build in cob is largely due to the magnanimity of the building inspector. †4. Affectation of grandeur; magnificence. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > pride > ostentation > splendour, magnificence, or pomp > [noun] prideOE nobleyec1300 farec1330 pompc1330 statec1330 rialtya1375 estatec1385 lordliness1440 pompousness1447 noblenessc1450 worthinessc1450 pomperyc1460 affairc1480 gloryc1480 majesty1481 triumpha1513 shine?1529 royalness?1548 sumptuosity1550 triumphing1569 magnificie1570 presence1570 gite1589 equipage1612 majesticalness1613 ceremonya1616 splendour1616 stateliness1637 majesticnessa1643 scheme1647 pageantry1651 grandeur1652 splendidnessa1657 magnanimity1658 magnificency1668 fluster1676 energy1764 pompa1783 panoply1790 pageanting1873 1658 Sir T. Browne Hydriotaphia: Urne-buriall v. 82 Pyramids, Arches, Obelisks, were but the irregularities of vain-glory, and wilde enormities of ancient magnanimity. †5. water of magnanimity n. [after post-classical Latin aqua magnanimitatis (1614 or earlier)] Medicine Obsolete a preparation made by soaking ants in alcohol and distilling the resulting liquid, used medicinally as a stimulant. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines of specific form > decoction or infusion > [noun] > aqueous decoction or infusion > specific barley waterc1320 oak-water?1523 hydrelaeon?1550 plantain-water1588 lily-water1599 napha water1600 cowslip-water1612 water of magnanimity1659 succory water1670 lime-water1682 onion-water1694 pennyroyal water1699 balm-water1712 forge-water1725 laurel-water1731 aqua mirabilis1736 tar-water1740 milk of lime1784 laurel-cherry water1787 fly-water1815 herb-water1886 1659 T. Bateson tr. J. Schröder Ζωολογια 148 The distilled water called water of Magnanimity. Take Ants (the greater are best) two handfuls, spirit of Wine as much as is sufficient, digest them in a close vessell untill they be putrefied and turn into a liquor. Then distill them. 1700 Pharmacopœia Lemeriana Contracta 113 (heading) Water of Magnanimity. 1803 W. B. Johnson Hist. Progr. & Present State Animal Chem. II. 52 Hoffmann afterwards extracted spirit of wine from these insects [sc. ants], and called the product he obtained, in the alchemical style, water of magnanimity. 1857 T. Redwood Suppl. to Pharmacopœia (ed. 3) 174 It [sc. the red ant] also contains a resinous oil, acrid and odorous, which may be obtained, mixed with the acid, by means of alcohol; the resulting tincture is Hoffmann's Water of Magnanimity. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2000; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.1340
随便看	omnividency omnivision omnivivent omnivolent omnivoracity omnivorant omnivore omnivores omnivorosity omnivorous omnivorously omnivorousness omnivorousnesses omnivory omnopon omo omo- omochi omohyoid omohyoidean omohyoideous omohyoideus omohyoids omomyid omomyine