mailedadj.

Brit.

/meɪld/, U.S.

/meɪld/

Forms: Middle English mailid, Middle English mailled, Middle English–1600s mayled, Middle English– mailed, 1500s–1600s maylde; also Scottish pre-1700 malyt.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: mail n.³, -ed suffix².

Etymology: < mail n.³ + -ed suffix². Compare Old French, Middle French, French maillé (1160 in sense 1, 1376 in sense 3a, 1576 in sense 2).The semantic overlap of sense 3a with mail v.⁴ is coincidental.

I. Covered or armed with mail.

1. Of a garment or piece of armour: covered with or composed of mail.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > armour > [adjective] > made of or furnished with mail

ringedOE

maileda1382

rustred1818

a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1963) 1 Kings xvii. 5 He was clothed wiþ a mailed [a1425 L.V. hokid ether mailid; L. squamata] haberiown.

c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) 1 Macc. vi. 35 A thousand men stoden niȝ in mailid to gidre hauberiownes [a1425 L.V. v.rr. cheyned, cheyned ether nailed, chained or mailid; L. in loricis concatenatis].

1450 W. Lomnor in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) II. 36 Oon..toke awey his gowy of russette and his dobelette of veluet mayled.

a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid (1959) ix. xi. 92 The dowbyll malyt traste hawbryk.

1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis iii. 58 A shirt mayled with gould.

1598 A. M. tr. J. Guillemeau Frenche Chirurg. 7/2 We muste consider, if it be a mayled doublete, how manye mayles are wantinge.

1856 R. A. Vaughan Hours with Mystics I. vi. iii. 221 The mailed glove [is] manfully hurled in his teeth.

1922 J. Joyce Ulysses ii. xii. [Cyclops] 297 With his mailed gauntlet he brushed away a furtive tear.

1953 S. J. Perelman in New Yorker 21 Nov. 41/3 Wherever a visitor might want to drop his casque or mailed gloves there was a quartered-oak table.

2. Armed with mail; mail-clad; (of a vessel) ironclad. Also figurative (see also mailed fist n. at Compounds).

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > armour > [adjective] > clad in or protected by armour > clad in mail

maileda1425

immailed1616

mail-clad1777

society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > war vessel > [adjective] > armour-plated

armour-clad1768

mail-clad1777

iron-cased1855

ironclad1855

iron-plated1855

iron-sided1855

armoured1859

iron-clothed1859

mailed1860

armour-plated1862

cuirassed1864

belted1865

Harveyed1894

up-armoured1978

a1425 Medulla Gram. (Stonyhurst) f. 38 Litoratus [perh. read loricatus], y-mayled.

1598 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 1 iv. i. 117 The mailed Mars shal on his altars sit Vp to the eares in bloud.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Coriolanus (1623) i. iii. 37 His bloody brow With his mail'd hand, then wiping, forth he goes.

1783 J. Hoole tr. L. Ariosto Orlando Furioso V. xlvi. 1001 He..stands with point addrest To pierce the mailed side or plated brest.

1799 T. Campbell Pleasures of Hope & Other Poems ii. 10 In self-adoring pride securely mail'd.

1827 J. Keble Christian Year I. iii. 12 A crown'd monarch's mailed breast.

1850 J. S. Blackie tr. Æschylus Lyrical Dramas II. 230 With constancy mailed for the fight.

1860 J. E. Tennent Story of Guns (1864) iii. i. 229 None of the mailed gun-boats..were ready in time.

1863 T. Woolner My Beautiful Lady 137 When Norman William..with charge of mailèd horse and showers Of steel won England.

1870 W. C. Bryant tr. Homer Iliad I. i. 9 Thou mailed in impudence [ i. 149 ἀναιδείην έπιειμένε].

1884 Ld. Tennyson Becket v. ii. 195 Mail'd in the perfect panoply of faith.

1915 W. Cather Song of Lark vi. iv. 413 The knight raised the kneeling girl and put his mailed hand on her hair.

1963 J. Hitrec tr. I. Andríc Bosnian Chron. viii. 148 The big mailed door had been bolted.

II. Extended uses.

†3.

a. Of a bird or mammal: having speckled plumage or fur; speckled, spotted. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > animal body > markings or colourings > [adjective] > dappled or spotted

spotteda1325

flecked1377

dappledc1400

maculous?a1425

mailedc1425

variant1502

garled1506

sparked1552

menil1611

marbled1629

ticked1688

varied1715

maculose1727

c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) iv. 5995 (MED) For þe fleynge of þis foule royal [sc. an eagle] Ouer þe toun..With his fethres mailed, briȝt, & shene..To Troye was a final demonstraunce.

1607 J. Cowell Interpreter sig. Ii1^v Lucerns, which is the skinne of a beast so called, being..of colour betweene red and browne, something mayled like a cat.

1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Mailed, full of Specks, or speckled, as the Feathers of Hawks, Partridges, &c. or as the Furrs of some wild Beasts are.]

b. spec. Of a hawk: having mail or breast feathers of a specified colour. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > birds > order Falconiformes (falcons, etc.) > family Accipitridae (hawks, etc.) > [adjective] > of hawk > having parts of particular type

sorec1450

mailed1575

noble1606

pounced1687

ignoble1768

1575 G. Turberville Bk. Faulconrie 34 They are ordinarily of foure mayles, eyther blancke, russet, browne, or turtle maylde, and some pure white maylde.

1672 J. Josselyn New-Englands Rarities 11 The Osprey, which in this Country is white mail'd.

1683 London Gaz. No. 1799/4 A large black Mayled, whole Feathered, and thorough mewed Falcon.

4. Of animals: having a skin or outer covering resembling mail-armour. Cf. mail n.³ 2d.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > animal body > general parts > covering or skin > [adjective] > having a hard protective covering

maileda1450

crustaceous1659

crustate1661

galeated1728

galeate1826

armour-clad1843

cuirassed1849

armour-plated1862

exostosed1887

a1450 (c1410) H. Lovelich Merlin (1913) II. l. 13900 (MED) His Baner hit was on dragown..the tayl a kebyt and an half was long, al j-mailled as a serpent ful strong.

1681 N. Grew Musæum Regalis Societatis 117 The Mailed-fish, Cataphractus Schonveldi.

a1820 J. R. Drake Culprit Fay (1836) 19 Some are happily borne along On the mailed shrimp or the prickly prong.

1838 W. Swainson Nat. Hist. Fishes I. 330 The Loricarinæ or mailed cat-fish.

1854 R. Owen Struct. Skeleton & Teeth in Orr's Circle Sci.: Org. Nature I. 163 The ball-proof character of the skin of the largest of these mailed examples.

1892 E. R. Lankester tr. E. Haeckel Hist. Creation (new ed.) II. xxv. 308 The remarkable mailed Bird-lizard.

1990 ‘L. de Bernières’ War Don Emmanuel's Nether Parts xi. 84 The mailed catfish was delicious when grilled on palm leaves, but the electric eel was to be studiously avoided.

Compounds

† mailed cheek n. Obsolete a mail-cheeked fish (order Scorpaeniformes).

ΚΠ

1834 H. McMurtrie tr. G. Cuvier Animal Kingdom (abridged ed.) 195 Buccæ Loricatæ. The family of the Mailed-Cheeks contains a numerous suite of fishes, to which the singular appearance of the head, variously mailed and protected, gives a peculiar aspect.

1890 Cent. Dict. Mailed-cheeks, the gurnards or cottoids.

mailed fist n. [after German mit gepanzerter Faust (see quot. 1897)] (the threat or show of) armed force; (subsequently) the display of political ruthlessness.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > subjection > obedience > compulsion > [noun] > physical coercion > threat or display of

big stick1897

mailed fist1897

1897 tr. Emp. Will. II of Germany in Times 17 Dec. 7/1 But should any one essay to detract from our just rights or to injure us, then up and at him with your mailed fist [Ger. fahre darein mit gepanzerter Faust].

1898 19th Cent. Jan. 164 Japan is a foe who will not be terrified by the mailed fist of Germany.

1920 M. Beer Hist. Brit. Socialism II. iii. i. 16 The first rude contact with the mailed fist brought him back to the sober realities of life.

1946 W. S. Maugham Then & Now xxii. 125 The velvet glove was off and the mailed fist was bared.

1990 Guardian 28 May 17/8 ‘I will not act differently,’ he says stubbornly, when accused of serving as a fig leaf for a government which cares less for Jerusalem than he, of being the silk glove that masks the mailed fist.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	mailed
释义	mailedadj. Brit. /meɪld/, U.S. /meɪld/ Forms: Middle English mailid, Middle English mailled, Middle English–1600s mayled, Middle English– mailed, 1500s–1600s maylde; also Scottish pre-1700 malyt. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: mail n.³, -ed suffix². Etymology: < mail n.³ + -ed suffix². Compare Old French, Middle French, French maillé (1160 in sense 1, 1376 in sense 3a, 1576 in sense 2).The semantic overlap of sense 3a with mail v.⁴ is coincidental. I. Covered or armed with mail. 1. Of a garment or piece of armour: covered with or composed of mail. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > armour > [adjective] > made of or furnished with mail ringedOE maileda1382 rustred1818 a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1963) 1 Kings xvii. 5 He was clothed wiþ a mailed [a1425 L.V. hokid ether mailid; L. squamata] haberiown. c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) 1 Macc. vi. 35 A thousand men stoden niȝ in mailid to gidre hauberiownes [a1425 L.V. v.rr. cheyned, cheyned ether nailed, chained or mailid; L. in loricis concatenatis]. 1450 W. Lomnor in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) II. 36 Oon..toke awey his gowy of russette and his dobelette of veluet mayled. a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid (1959) ix. xi. 92 The dowbyll malyt traste hawbryk. 1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis iii. 58 A shirt mayled with gould. 1598 A. M. tr. J. Guillemeau Frenche Chirurg. 7/2 We muste consider, if it be a mayled doublete, how manye mayles are wantinge. 1856 R. A. Vaughan Hours with Mystics I. vi. iii. 221 The mailed glove [is] manfully hurled in his teeth. 1922 J. Joyce Ulysses ii. xii. [Cyclops] 297 With his mailed gauntlet he brushed away a furtive tear. 1953 S. J. Perelman in New Yorker 21 Nov. 41/3 Wherever a visitor might want to drop his casque or mailed gloves there was a quartered-oak table. 2. Armed with mail; mail-clad; (of a vessel) ironclad. Also figurative (see also mailed fist n. at Compounds). ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > armour > [adjective] > clad in or protected by armour > clad in mail maileda1425 immailed1616 mail-clad1777 society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > war vessel > [adjective] > armour-plated armour-clad1768 mail-clad1777 iron-cased1855 ironclad1855 iron-plated1855 iron-sided1855 armoured1859 iron-clothed1859 mailed1860 armour-plated1862 cuirassed1864 belted1865 Harveyed1894 up-armoured1978 a1425 Medulla Gram. (Stonyhurst) f. 38 Litoratus [perh. read loricatus], y-mayled. 1598 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 1 iv. i. 117 The mailed Mars shal on his altars sit Vp to the eares in bloud. View more context for this quotation a1616 W. Shakespeare Coriolanus (1623) i. iii. 37 His bloody brow With his mail'd hand, then wiping, forth he goes. View more context for this quotation 1783 J. Hoole tr. L. Ariosto Orlando Furioso V. xlvi. 1001 He..stands with point addrest To pierce the mailed side or plated brest. 1799 T. Campbell Pleasures of Hope & Other Poems ii. 10 In self-adoring pride securely mail'd. 1827 J. Keble Christian Year I. iii. 12 A crown'd monarch's mailed breast. 1850 J. S. Blackie tr. Æschylus Lyrical Dramas II. 230 With constancy mailed for the fight. 1860 J. E. Tennent Story of Guns (1864) iii. i. 229 None of the mailed gun-boats..were ready in time. 1863 T. Woolner My Beautiful Lady 137 When Norman William..with charge of mailèd horse and showers Of steel won England. 1870 W. C. Bryant tr. Homer Iliad I. i. 9 Thou mailed in impudence [ i. 149 ἀναιδείην έπιειμένε]. 1884 Ld. Tennyson Becket v. ii. 195 Mail'd in the perfect panoply of faith. 1915 W. Cather Song of Lark vi. iv. 413 The knight raised the kneeling girl and put his mailed hand on her hair. 1963 J. Hitrec tr. I. Andríc Bosnian Chron. viii. 148 The big mailed door had been bolted. II. Extended uses. †3. a. Of a bird or mammal: having speckled plumage or fur; speckled, spotted. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > animal body > markings or colourings > [adjective] > dappled or spotted spotteda1325 flecked1377 dappledc1400 maculous?a1425 mailedc1425 variant1502 garled1506 sparked1552 menil1611 marbled1629 ticked1688 varied1715 maculose1727 c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) iv. 5995 (MED) For þe fleynge of þis foule royal [sc. an eagle] Ouer þe toun..With his fethres mailed, briȝt, & shene..To Troye was a final demonstraunce. 1607 J. Cowell Interpreter sig. Ii1^v Lucerns, which is the skinne of a beast so called, being..of colour betweene red and browne, something mayled like a cat. 1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Mailed, full of Specks, or speckled, as the Feathers of Hawks, Partridges, &c. or as the Furrs of some wild Beasts are.] b. spec. Of a hawk: having mail or breast feathers of a specified colour. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > order Falconiformes (falcons, etc.) > family Accipitridae (hawks, etc.) > [adjective] > of hawk > having parts of particular type sorec1450 mailed1575 noble1606 pounced1687 ignoble1768 1575 G. Turberville Bk. Faulconrie 34 They are ordinarily of foure mayles, eyther blancke, russet, browne, or turtle maylde, and some pure white maylde. 1672 J. Josselyn New-Englands Rarities 11 The Osprey, which in this Country is white mail'd. 1683 London Gaz. No. 1799/4 A large black Mayled, whole Feathered, and thorough mewed Falcon. 4. Of animals: having a skin or outer covering resembling mail-armour. Cf. mail n.³ 2d. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > animal body > general parts > covering or skin > [adjective] > having a hard protective covering maileda1450 crustaceous1659 crustate1661 galeated1728 galeate1826 armour-clad1843 cuirassed1849 armour-plated1862 exostosed1887 a1450 (c1410) H. Lovelich Merlin (1913) II. l. 13900 (MED) His Baner hit was on dragown..the tayl a kebyt and an half was long, al j-mailled as a serpent ful strong. 1681 N. Grew Musæum Regalis Societatis 117 The Mailed-fish, Cataphractus Schonveldi. a1820 J. R. Drake Culprit Fay (1836) 19 Some are happily borne along On the mailed shrimp or the prickly prong. 1838 W. Swainson Nat. Hist. Fishes I. 330 The Loricarinæ or mailed cat-fish. 1854 R. Owen Struct. Skeleton & Teeth in Orr's Circle Sci.: Org. Nature I. 163 The ball-proof character of the skin of the largest of these mailed examples. 1892 E. R. Lankester tr. E. Haeckel Hist. Creation (new ed.) II. xxv. 308 The remarkable mailed Bird-lizard. 1990 ‘L. de Bernières’ War Don Emmanuel's Nether Parts xi. 84 The mailed catfish was delicious when grilled on palm leaves, but the electric eel was to be studiously avoided. Compounds † mailed cheek n. Obsolete a mail-cheeked fish (order Scorpaeniformes). ΚΠ 1834 H. McMurtrie tr. G. Cuvier Animal Kingdom (abridged ed.) 195 Buccæ Loricatæ. The family of the Mailed-Cheeks contains a numerous suite of fishes, to which the singular appearance of the head, variously mailed and protected, gives a peculiar aspect. 1890 Cent. Dict. Mailed-cheeks, the gurnards or cottoids. mailed fist n. [after German mit gepanzerter Faust (see quot. 1897)] (the threat or show of) armed force; (subsequently) the display of political ruthlessness. ΘΚΠ society > authority > subjection > obedience > compulsion > [noun] > physical coercion > threat or display of big stick1897 mailed fist1897 1897 tr. Emp. Will. II of Germany in Times 17 Dec. 7/1 But should any one essay to detract from our just rights or to injure us, then up and at him with your mailed fist [Ger. fahre darein mit gepanzerter Faust]. 1898 19th Cent. Jan. 164 Japan is a foe who will not be terrified by the mailed fist of Germany. 1920 M. Beer Hist. Brit. Socialism II. iii. i. 16 The first rude contact with the mailed fist brought him back to the sober realities of life. 1946 W. S. Maugham Then & Now xxii. 125 The velvet glove was off and the mailed fist was bared. 1990 Guardian 28 May 17/8 ‘I will not act differently,’ he says stubbornly, when accused of serving as a fig leaf for a government which cares less for Jerusalem than he, of being the silk glove that masks the mailed fist. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.a1382
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