abjectionn.

Brit.

/abˈdʒɛkʃn/, U.S.

/æbˈdʒɛkʃ(ə)n/

Forms: late Middle English abieccione, late Middle English abieccioun, late Middle English abieccyoun, late Middle English abjectioun, 1500s abieccion, 1500s abieccyon, 1500s abieckshyon, 1500s objectyon, 1500s–1600s abiection, 1500s– abjection, 1600s objection.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French abjeccioun, abjection; Latin abiectiōn-, abiectiō.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman abjeccioun, abjectiun and Middle French abjecion, abjeccion, abjection (French abjection ) person or thing which is cast away, unworthy people, scum (late 13th cent. or earlier in Anglo-Norman; not paralleled in continental French until much later: 1694), rejection, renunciation (14th cent. or earlier in Anglo-Norman; second half of the 15th cent. in specific sense ‘action of humbling oneself, especially before God’), state or condition of being brought down or cast low (1372) and its etymon classical Latin abiectiōn-, abiectiō dejection, in post-classical Latin also action of throwing away, removal, rejection, renunciation (late 2nd or early 3rd cent. in Tertullian), refuse, scum (Vulgate), disapproval, humble position, humility (4th cent.), abject condition, humiliation (from 8th cent. (frequently from 11th cent.) in British sources) < abiect- , past participial stem of abicere to throw away (see abject adj.) + -iō -ion suffix¹. Compare Spanish abyección (first half of the 15th cent. as abjecçiones , plural), Portuguese abjeção (15th cent. as abjeiçom ), Italian abiezione , (now rare) abbiezione (a1342). In sense 4 after German Abschleuderung (1884 in specific mycological sense, in the passage translated in quot. 1887).

a. The state or condition of being cast down or brought low; humiliation, degradation; dispiritedness, despondency.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > humility > humiliation > [noun] > humiliated condition

powderc1300

dusta1340

abjection?a1425

abasement1567

abjectness1574

dejectedness1608

abjectedness1660

crestfallenness1859

?a1425 tr. Catherine of Siena Orcherd of Syon (Harl.) (1966) 369 (MED) Whiche ben þe hondmaydens & seruauntis of verry pouert? Certein, vilite, abieccioun, contempte of a man & of himsilf, & verry mekenes.

c1450 (a1400) Orologium Sapientiæ in Anglia (1888) 10 338 (MED) He haþ suffrede..of his passynge loue and charyte..for to make þe feyre & semelye þorhe his abieccione and vnsemelynesse.

1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. Luke ix. f. 58 His lowe state of abjection in this world.

1576 W. Lambarde Perambulation of Kent 301 Somewhat relieued from this penurie, nakednes, and abiection.

1597 R. Hooker Of Lawes Eccl. Politie v. xlvii. 94 Basenes, abiection of minde, or seruilitie.

1675 R. Allestree Art Contentm. iii. 52 Tho Christ seem the same to us in his glory which he did in his abjection.

1741 C. Middleton Hist. Life Cicero (ed. 3) I. iv. 250 A base remissness and abjection of mind.

1770 tr. F. Josephus Wks. vi. ii. 204/1 He had brought down the whole nation to the lowest degree of despondency and abjection.

1822 Ann. Reg. 1820 (Otridge ed.) ii. App. to Chron. 819/2 The extreme abjection and misery in which they were already sunk.

1879 M. Arnold Equality in Mixed Ess. 93 Who that has seen it can ever forget..the abjection and uncivilisedness of Glasgow?

1881 F. P. Cobbe Duties of Women 9 The women of Europe have never sunk to the abjection of the women of the East.

1931 Hispania 14 91 They were a mass of impoverished creatures who had lived for centuries in abjection and slavery.

1968 Times 9 Sept. 10/6 Burnley's state of abjection was puzzling in view of the team's reasonable showing in other games this season.

2007 C. Fraser Breath of Corruption 188 She..set a cup down in front of Lucy, who was still sitting in her attitude of utter abjection.

b. The action or an act of casting down, humbling, or degrading; an act of abasement, esp. of oneself. Now rare.

ΚΠ

c1522 T. More Treat. Memorare Nouissima in Wks. (1557) I. 87 Suche humility contempt and abieccion of our self.

a1572 J. Knox Fort for Afflicted (1580) sig. A7^v In Dauid it is plaine, that it wrought humilitie and abiection of himselfe.

1608 G. Chapman Trag. Duke of Byron v, in Conspiracie Duke of Byron sig. Q4 He would be the death Of him that he should die by, ere he sufferd, Such an abiection.

1705 Goher's Prayers for Sundays 337 However this Practice [sc. Charity] may be often attended with our own Abjection,..yet, O Blessed Redeemer, let not this be our Discouragement.

1815 H. More Ess. Char. St. Paul I. vi. 138 It [sc. Christianity] does not oblige him to a renunciation of his just claims in civil society, nor to a base abjection in the sight of men.

2006 Irish Times (Nexis) 1 Aug. 14 Now the serial, solitary nature of the abjection [sc. failure in a television talent show or beauty contest] is the turn-on.

†2. That which is cast off or away, esp. as being vile or unworthy; refuse, scum, dregs. Chiefly figurative of persons. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social relations > lack of social communication or relations > exclusion from society > [noun] > rendering outcast > outcast

outcastc1390

outwalea1400

abjection1447

abject1528

overcast1574

rejectament1681

castaway1799

pariah1818

leper1825

cagot1844

Ishmaelite1848

hinin1884

expellee1888

eta1897

Ishmael1899

reject1917

1447 O. Bokenham Lives of Saints (Arun.) (1938) 4301 (MED) Thou shalt of comoun bordel be þe abieccyoun.

c1510 Bonaventura's Myrrour (Pynson) xiii. E ij I am a worme and natte a man; reprefe of men and abjection of people.

?c1550 tr. P. Vergil Eng. Hist. (1846) I. v. 195 These dregges and abjection of all menne.

3. The action of casting out or away; rejection. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > statement > refusal > [noun] > rejection or non-acceptance

renunciation1418

rejectinga1425

reprobationa1425

rejectiona1464

abjection?1529

refute1535

abdication1552

abnegation1554

abrenunciation1557

recusancy1563

repudy1575

offcasting?1591

rejectment1599

defiancea1616

canvass1621

non-acceptation1622

repudiation1640

disacceptance1642

non-acceptance1647

disowning1656

discard1663

disownment1806

unacceptance1865

ding1949

negging1996

?1529 S. Fish Supplicacyon for Beggers sig. A6 There be many men of greate litterature and iudgement that..haue not feared to put theim silf ynto the greatest infamie that may be, in abiection of all the world.

a1555 J. Bradford Let. in J. Foxe Actes & Monuments (1583) 1664/2 Neyther I sorow my state, neither with any griefe or feare of Gods abiection do write this.

1607 T. Rogers Faith, Doctr., & Relig. 17 Christ..suffered the torments of hell, the second death. Abiection from God.

1652 J. Mayer Comm. Prophets 63 The abjection of the Jews, [and] the receiving of the Gentiles.

1655 W. Gouge & T. Gouge Learned Comm. Hebrewes (x. 2) ii. 425 The Arminian errour of excision or abscission, and abjection from Christ.

1704 J. Sergeant tr. St. Francis de Sales Spiritual Director xxiii. 95 If you be not esteem'd here, so much the better. Love that very Abjection, and your reward is secure.

1756 A. Butler Lives Saints II. 41 The sincere desire of contempt and abjection.

1991 K. Spink tr. D. Lapierre Beyond Love 330 She..had believed herself condemned to social abjection.

4. Mycology. The separation or release of spores from a sporidiophore; esp. the forcible ejection of spores or sporidia typically exhibited by basidiomycetes and certain other fungi (cf. ballistospore n.).

ΚΠ

1887 H. E. F. Garnsey & I. B. Balfour tr. H. A. de Bary Compar. Morphol. & Biol. Fungi iii. 72 The process of abjection may be observed most completely in..Pilobolus and its nearest allies.

1906 Bot. Gaz. 41 205 I have not yet completely solved satisfactorily to myself the peculiar method of abjection of the spores of my undetermined species of Empusa.

1968 Plant Dis. Reporter 52 597 Some sporidia germinated within 0.8 hour after abjection.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	abjection
释义	abjectionn. Brit. /abˈdʒɛkʃn/, U.S. /æbˈdʒɛkʃ(ə)n/ Forms: late Middle English abieccione, late Middle English abieccioun, late Middle English abieccyoun, late Middle English abjectioun, 1500s abieccion, 1500s abieccyon, 1500s abieckshyon, 1500s objectyon, 1500s–1600s abiection, 1500s– abjection, 1600s objection. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French abjeccioun, abjection; Latin abiectiōn-, abiectiō. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman abjeccioun, abjectiun and Middle French abjecion, abjeccion, abjection (French abjection ) person or thing which is cast away, unworthy people, scum (late 13th cent. or earlier in Anglo-Norman; not paralleled in continental French until much later: 1694), rejection, renunciation (14th cent. or earlier in Anglo-Norman; second half of the 15th cent. in specific sense ‘action of humbling oneself, especially before God’), state or condition of being brought down or cast low (1372) and its etymon classical Latin abiectiōn-, abiectiō dejection, in post-classical Latin also action of throwing away, removal, rejection, renunciation (late 2nd or early 3rd cent. in Tertullian), refuse, scum (Vulgate), disapproval, humble position, humility (4th cent.), abject condition, humiliation (from 8th cent. (frequently from 11th cent.) in British sources) < abiect- , past participial stem of abicere to throw away (see abject adj.) + -iō -ion suffix¹. Compare Spanish abyección (first half of the 15th cent. as abjecçiones , plural), Portuguese abjeção (15th cent. as abjeiçom ), Italian abiezione , (now rare) abbiezione (a1342). In sense 4 after German Abschleuderung (1884 in specific mycological sense, in the passage translated in quot. 1887). 1. a. The state or condition of being cast down or brought low; humiliation, degradation; dispiritedness, despondency. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > humility > humiliation > [noun] > humiliated condition powderc1300 dusta1340 abjection?a1425 abasement1567 abjectness1574 dejectedness1608 abjectedness1660 crestfallenness1859 ?a1425 tr. Catherine of Siena Orcherd of Syon (Harl.) (1966) 369 (MED) Whiche ben þe hondmaydens & seruauntis of verry pouert? Certein, vilite, abieccioun, contempte of a man & of himsilf, & verry mekenes. c1450 (a1400) Orologium Sapientiæ in Anglia (1888) 10 338 (MED) He haþ suffrede..of his passynge loue and charyte..for to make þe feyre & semelye þorhe his abieccione and vnsemelynesse. 1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. Luke ix. f. 58 His lowe state of abjection in this world. 1576 W. Lambarde Perambulation of Kent 301 Somewhat relieued from this penurie, nakednes, and abiection. 1597 R. Hooker Of Lawes Eccl. Politie v. xlvii. 94 Basenes, abiection of minde, or seruilitie. 1675 R. Allestree Art Contentm. iii. 52 Tho Christ seem the same to us in his glory which he did in his abjection. 1741 C. Middleton Hist. Life Cicero (ed. 3) I. iv. 250 A base remissness and abjection of mind. 1770 tr. F. Josephus Wks. vi. ii. 204/1 He had brought down the whole nation to the lowest degree of despondency and abjection. 1822 Ann. Reg. 1820 (Otridge ed.) ii. App. to Chron. 819/2 The extreme abjection and misery in which they were already sunk. 1879 M. Arnold Equality in Mixed Ess. 93 Who that has seen it can ever forget..the abjection and uncivilisedness of Glasgow? 1881 F. P. Cobbe Duties of Women 9 The women of Europe have never sunk to the abjection of the women of the East. 1931 Hispania 14 91 They were a mass of impoverished creatures who had lived for centuries in abjection and slavery. 1968 Times 9 Sept. 10/6 Burnley's state of abjection was puzzling in view of the team's reasonable showing in other games this season. 2007 C. Fraser Breath of Corruption 188 She..set a cup down in front of Lucy, who was still sitting in her attitude of utter abjection. b. The action or an act of casting down, humbling, or degrading; an act of abasement, esp. of oneself. Now rare. ΚΠ c1522 T. More Treat. Memorare Nouissima in Wks. (1557) I. 87 Suche humility contempt and abieccion of our self. a1572 J. Knox Fort for Afflicted (1580) sig. A7^v In Dauid it is plaine, that it wrought humilitie and abiection of himselfe. 1608 G. Chapman Trag. Duke of Byron v, in Conspiracie Duke of Byron sig. Q4 He would be the death Of him that he should die by, ere he sufferd, Such an abiection. 1705 Goher's Prayers for Sundays 337 However this Practice [sc. Charity] may be often attended with our own Abjection,..yet, O Blessed Redeemer, let not this be our Discouragement. 1815 H. More Ess. Char. St. Paul I. vi. 138 It [sc. Christianity] does not oblige him to a renunciation of his just claims in civil society, nor to a base abjection in the sight of men. 2006 Irish Times (Nexis) 1 Aug. 14 Now the serial, solitary nature of the abjection [sc. failure in a television talent show or beauty contest] is the turn-on. †2. That which is cast off or away, esp. as being vile or unworthy; refuse, scum, dregs. Chiefly figurative of persons. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social relations > lack of social communication or relations > exclusion from society > [noun] > rendering outcast > outcast outcastc1390 outwalea1400 abjection1447 abject1528 overcast1574 rejectament1681 castaway1799 pariah1818 leper1825 cagot1844 Ishmaelite1848 hinin1884 expellee1888 eta1897 Ishmael1899 reject1917 1447 O. Bokenham Lives of Saints (Arun.) (1938) 4301 (MED) Thou shalt of comoun bordel be þe abieccyoun. c1510 Bonaventura's Myrrour (Pynson) xiii. E ij I am a worme and natte a man; reprefe of men and abjection of people. ?c1550 tr. P. Vergil Eng. Hist. (1846) I. v. 195 These dregges and abjection of all menne. 3. The action of casting out or away; rejection. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > statement > refusal > [noun] > rejection or non-acceptance renunciation1418 rejectinga1425 reprobationa1425 rejectiona1464 abjection?1529 refute1535 abdication1552 abnegation1554 abrenunciation1557 recusancy1563 repudy1575 offcasting?1591 rejectment1599 defiancea1616 canvass1621 non-acceptation1622 repudiation1640 disacceptance1642 non-acceptance1647 disowning1656 discard1663 disownment1806 unacceptance1865 ding1949 negging1996 ?1529 S. Fish Supplicacyon for Beggers sig. A6 There be many men of greate litterature and iudgement that..haue not feared to put theim silf ynto the greatest infamie that may be, in abiection of all the world. a1555 J. Bradford Let. in J. Foxe Actes & Monuments (1583) 1664/2 Neyther I sorow my state, neither with any griefe or feare of Gods abiection do write this. 1607 T. Rogers Faith, Doctr., & Relig. 17 Christ..suffered the torments of hell, the second death. Abiection from God. 1652 J. Mayer Comm. Prophets 63 The abjection of the Jews, [and] the receiving of the Gentiles. 1655 W. Gouge & T. Gouge Learned Comm. Hebrewes (x. 2) ii. 425 The Arminian errour of excision or abscission, and abjection from Christ. 1704 J. Sergeant tr. St. Francis de Sales Spiritual Director xxiii. 95 If you be not esteem'd here, so much the better. Love that very Abjection, and your reward is secure. 1756 A. Butler Lives Saints II. 41 The sincere desire of contempt and abjection. 1991 K. Spink tr. D. Lapierre Beyond Love 330 She..had believed herself condemned to social abjection. 4. Mycology. The separation or release of spores from a sporidiophore; esp. the forcible ejection of spores or sporidia typically exhibited by basidiomycetes and certain other fungi (cf. ballistospore n.). ΚΠ 1887 H. E. F. Garnsey & I. B. Balfour tr. H. A. de Bary Compar. Morphol. & Biol. Fungi iii. 72 The process of abjection may be observed most completely in..Pilobolus and its nearest allies. 1906 Bot. Gaz. 41 205 I have not yet completely solved satisfactorily to myself the peculiar method of abjection of the spores of my undetermined species of Empusa. 1968 Plant Dis. Reporter 52 597 Some sporidia germinated within 0.8 hour after abjection. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.?a1425
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