macerationn.

Brit.

/masəˈreɪʃn/, U.S.

/ˌmæsəˈreɪʃən/

Forms: late Middle English maceracyon, 1500s– maceration.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French macération; Latin mācerātiōn-, mācerātiō.

Etymology: < Middle French, French macération (late 13th cent. or earlier in Old French in sense 1, 1555 in sense 2) and its etymon classical Latin mācerātiōn-, mācerātiō a soaking, in post-classical Latin also ‘wasting’ (from c730 in British sources in spec. sense ‘mortification of the flesh’) < mācerāt- , past participial stem of mācerāre (see macerate v.) + -iō -ion suffix¹.

a. The process of wasting or wearing away through fasting, etc.; mortification of the flesh; an instance of this; (also) the condition so produced.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > consumption of food or drink > appetite > fasting > [noun] > wearing away flesh by fasting

lensingc1175

macerationa1492

macerating1583

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > diseases of tissue > wasting disease > [noun] > atrophy or tabes

tabe1614

atrophy1620

marcor1646

tabes1651

tabefaction1658

tabidness1668

maceration1856

pantatrophy1857

tabescence1890

the world > food and drink > food > consumption of food or drink > appetite > fasting > [noun] > wearing away flesh by fasting > condition of

maceration1856

a1492 W. Caxton tr. Vitas Patrum (1495) i. xl. f. lvii^v/2 She gaaf..her body..to were the hayre, and other maceracyons of the flesshe.

1605 F. Bacon Of Aduancem. Learning ii. sig. Kk1^v Fastings, abstinences, and other Macerations and humiliations of the bodie.

1628 Bp. J. Hall Serm. before Fast in Serm. Publike Fast 94 I speake of a true, and serious maceration of our bodies, by an absolute and totall refraining from sustenance.

1827 J. C. Hare & A. W. Hare Guesses at Truth I. 161 The voluptuousness and the macerations of Oriental religions.

1856 R. W. Emerson Eng. Traits iv. 39 In describing the poverty and maceration of Father Lacey.

1881 R. L. Stevenson Virginibus Puerisque 167 It should be a place for nobody but hermits dwelling in prayer and maceration.

1993 Times Lit. Suppl. 4 June 1/4 However concordant it may be with a mystical tradition of holy maceration, such a sentiment lies at the shadow-line of the pathological.

†b. Fretting, vexation, worry; an instance of this. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > suffering > state of being upset or perturbed > worry > [noun]

troublec1230

troublingc1340

troublancec1400

troublement1484

fretting1526

maceration1616

troubledness1631

heartburn1747

bother1761

embroil1799

worry1804

worrit1818

botherment1821

worriment1833

worriting1845

1616 T. Gainsford Rich Cabinet f. 142^v Sorrow is the cause of..many melancholike maladies and macerations.

1645 Bp. J. Hall Remedy Discontentm. xxvi. 163 What maceration is there here with feares, and jealousies.

1669 Earl of Clarendon Ess. in Tracts (1727) 174 This maceration,..is a sawcy contradiction of God's wisdom in the creation.

a. The action or process of soaking or steeping something in a liquid, esp. in order to soften it; an instance of this.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > constitution of matter > softness > [noun] > becoming or making soft > by steeping

maceration1559

macerating1583

emaceration1678

the world > matter > liquid > condition of being or making wet > action or process of soaking or steeping > [noun] > in order to soften

maceration1559

macerating1583

1559 P. Morwyng tr. C. Gesner Treasure of Euonymus 67 We shall name it wyth a more apte word, maceration, yt is steping or weking, or els infusion, a watring and moistening.

1617 J. Woodall Surgions Mate Termes 345 Maceration is preparation of things not vnlike to Humectation.

a1652 J. Smith Select Disc. (1660) iv. iii. 70 The very Grass..may,..after many refinings, macerations and maturations..spring up into so many Rational Souls.

1692 J. Ray Wisdom of God (ed. 2) i. 121 For the maceration and dissolution of the Meat into a Chyle.

1794 R. J. Sulivan View of Nature II. 157 Decomposed by long maceration in water.

1999 Rocky Mountain News (Denver) 31 Jan. 4 f Maceration imparts flavor to the fruit, softens it and draws out the juices.

b. Biology. The soaking of a specimen in a liquid, esp. an enzymatic or chemical solution, in order to digest or dissolve certain parts of it; the separation of the cells of a tissue, esp. of a plant, by enzymatic or chemical means.

ΚΠ

1872 ‘G. Eliot’ Middlemarch II. xxvii. 85 When he went home, he looked at his phials to see how a process of maceration was going on.

1880 T. H. Huxley Crayfish iii. 100 When the exoskeleton is cleaned by maceration.

1898 Rev. Brit. Pharmacy 34 The maceration tinctures are not to be made up to a prescribed volume with the menstruum.

1927 Bot. Gaz. 83 331 Protopectinase.—The term applied to the enzyme which hydrolyzes or dissolves protopectin, with the resultant separation of the plant cells from each other, usually spoken of as maceration.

1968 Phytopathology 58 1509 (heading) Maceration of plant tissues susceptible and resistant to soft-rot pathogens by enzymes from compatible host-pathogen combinations.

1977 Arch. Pathol. & Lab. Med. 101 19 The maceration technique employed in the preparation of specimens of bone for museum purposes.

1986 Jrnl. Anat. 149 89 After maceration of the soft tissues, the calcified (fibro) cartilage is left attached to the bone at articular surfaces.

c. Pathology. The autolytic changes, esp. bullous degeneration of the skin, that occur in a fetus that has died in the uterus.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > biological processes > procreation or reproduction > embryo or fetus > embryo development processes > [noun]

fetalization1819

segmentation1851

maceration1873

neurulation1878

blastulation1889

concrescence1890

cell lineage1892

myelination1892

spiral cleavage1892

medullation1893

myelinization1900

myelogenesis1901

induction1928

myelinogenesis1931

horizon1942

1873 A. S. Taylor Princ. & Pract. Med. Jurisprudence (ed. 2) II. lxxiv. 325 M. Sentex states..that the dead foetus retained in utero, with the membranes unruptured, undergoes one of three changes—maceration, putrefaction, or mummification. The first is the most common condition.

1981 H. Jolly Bk. Child Care (new ed.) lii. 593 A baby who has died some hours or days before delivery develops ‘maceration’ of the skin.

1992 Textbk. Neonatology vii. xxxviii. 1160/1 Maceration is accelerated by oedema and amniotic fluid infection.

d. Medicine. Prolonged wetting or dampness, esp. of the skin; the changes that occur in skin as a result of this (softening of keratin, erythema, etc.).

ΚΠ

1879 F. J. Bumstead & R. W. Taylor Pathol. & Treatm. Venereal Dis. (rev. ed.) iii. xvi. 591 The constant maceration of the mucous membrane of the mouth.

1975 Arch. Dermatol. 111 1004 Aluminum chloride..was the only compound to bring about rapid resolution of the signs and symptoms of athlete's foot... This salt promptly controls odor, pruritus, and maceration.

1998 Clin. Geriatr. Med. 14 285 Effects [of urinary incontinence] on physical health, such as skin maceration and recurrent urinary tract infections, are relatively minor.

†3. concrete. A product of maceration. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > liquid > condition of being or making wet > action or process of soaking or steeping > [noun] > substance obtained by soaking or steeping > in order to soften

maceration1836

1836 J. M. Gully tr. F. Magendie Formulary (ed. 2) 153 He collects the different spirituous macerations in an alembic.

†4. The process of allowing wind and rain to remove magnesia and sulphur from iron ore that has been spread over the ground in small pieces. Obsolete. rare.

ΚΠ

1868 C. B. Norton & W. J. Valentine Rep. to Govt. U.S. on Munitions of War at Paris Universal Exhib. 1867 120 It [sc. the ore] is then allowed to remain exposed to the air for a time long enough to permit the small traces of sulphur to be dissipated, [etc.]... This process is termed maceration.

5. In full carbonic maceration. In winemaking: a technique used to produce a fruitier, less tannic, and more palatable wine by inducing fermentation within uncrushed grapes in a carbon dioxide environment before crushing and pressing them, completing fermentation, and processing the wine in the usual way.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > drink > manufacture of alcoholic drink > wine-making > [noun] > specific techniques

méthode champenoise1928

Charmat1935

cryoextraction1962

maceration1977

1971 J. Jeffs Wines of Europe ii. 45 The method..maceration carbonique was invented. A slow fermentation begins and after three or four days..the grapes are pressed and the must is fermented out of contact both of the stalks and skins.]

1977 H. Johnson World Atlas of Wine (rev. ed.) 125/3 A number of producers are using Beaujolais-style vinification (carbonic maceration) to make their wine full and fruity.

1988 K. Lynch Adventures on Wine Route (1990) v. 152 In a word carbonic maceration wines are not considered macho.

1990 Decanter Mar. 54/2 There was a theory that modern wines, owing to higher yields and shorter maceration, would never be as rich.

1992 Food Entertaining Summer 126 (advt.) The Rose is certainly not delicate, a full bodied..Pinot Noir made by the maceration method.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	maceration
释义	macerationn. Brit. /masəˈreɪʃn/, U.S. /ˌmæsəˈreɪʃən/ Forms: late Middle English maceracyon, 1500s– maceration. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French macération; Latin mācerātiōn-, mācerātiō. Etymology: < Middle French, French macération (late 13th cent. or earlier in Old French in sense 1, 1555 in sense 2) and its etymon classical Latin mācerātiōn-, mācerātiō a soaking, in post-classical Latin also ‘wasting’ (from c730 in British sources in spec. sense ‘mortification of the flesh’) < mācerāt- , past participial stem of mācerāre (see macerate v.) + -iō -ion suffix¹. 1. a. The process of wasting or wearing away through fasting, etc.; mortification of the flesh; an instance of this; (also) the condition so produced. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > consumption of food or drink > appetite > fasting > [noun] > wearing away flesh by fasting lensingc1175 macerationa1492 macerating1583 the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > diseases of tissue > wasting disease > [noun] > atrophy or tabes tabe1614 atrophy1620 marcor1646 tabes1651 tabefaction1658 tabidness1668 maceration1856 pantatrophy1857 tabescence1890 the world > food and drink > food > consumption of food or drink > appetite > fasting > [noun] > wearing away flesh by fasting > condition of maceration1856 a1492 W. Caxton tr. Vitas Patrum (1495) i. xl. f. lvii^v/2 She gaaf..her body..to were the hayre, and other maceracyons of the flesshe. 1605 F. Bacon Of Aduancem. Learning ii. sig. Kk1^v Fastings, abstinences, and other Macerations and humiliations of the bodie. View more context for this quotation 1628 Bp. J. Hall Serm. before Fast in Serm. Publike Fast 94 I speake of a true, and serious maceration of our bodies, by an absolute and totall refraining from sustenance. 1827 J. C. Hare & A. W. Hare Guesses at Truth I. 161 The voluptuousness and the macerations of Oriental religions. 1856 R. W. Emerson Eng. Traits iv. 39 In describing the poverty and maceration of Father Lacey. 1881 R. L. Stevenson Virginibus Puerisque 167 It should be a place for nobody but hermits dwelling in prayer and maceration. 1993 Times Lit. Suppl. 4 June 1/4 However concordant it may be with a mystical tradition of holy maceration, such a sentiment lies at the shadow-line of the pathological. †b. Fretting, vexation, worry; an instance of this. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > state of being upset or perturbed > worry > [noun] troublec1230 troublingc1340 troublancec1400 troublement1484 fretting1526 maceration1616 troubledness1631 heartburn1747 bother1761 embroil1799 worry1804 worrit1818 botherment1821 worriment1833 worriting1845 1616 T. Gainsford Rich Cabinet f. 142^v Sorrow is the cause of..many melancholike maladies and macerations. 1645 Bp. J. Hall Remedy Discontentm. xxvi. 163 What maceration is there here with feares, and jealousies. 1669 Earl of Clarendon Ess. in Tracts (1727) 174 This maceration,..is a sawcy contradiction of God's wisdom in the creation. 2. a. The action or process of soaking or steeping something in a liquid, esp. in order to soften it; an instance of this. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > constitution of matter > softness > [noun] > becoming or making soft > by steeping maceration1559 macerating1583 emaceration1678 the world > matter > liquid > condition of being or making wet > action or process of soaking or steeping > [noun] > in order to soften maceration1559 macerating1583 1559 P. Morwyng tr. C. Gesner Treasure of Euonymus 67 We shall name it wyth a more apte word, maceration, yt is steping or weking, or els infusion, a watring and moistening. 1617 J. Woodall Surgions Mate Termes 345 Maceration is preparation of things not vnlike to Humectation. a1652 J. Smith Select Disc. (1660) iv. iii. 70 The very Grass..may,..after many refinings, macerations and maturations..spring up into so many Rational Souls. 1692 J. Ray Wisdom of God (ed. 2) i. 121 For the maceration and dissolution of the Meat into a Chyle. 1794 R. J. Sulivan View of Nature II. 157 Decomposed by long maceration in water. 1999 Rocky Mountain News (Denver) 31 Jan. 4 f Maceration imparts flavor to the fruit, softens it and draws out the juices. b. Biology. The soaking of a specimen in a liquid, esp. an enzymatic or chemical solution, in order to digest or dissolve certain parts of it; the separation of the cells of a tissue, esp. of a plant, by enzymatic or chemical means. ΚΠ 1872 ‘G. Eliot’ Middlemarch II. xxvii. 85 When he went home, he looked at his phials to see how a process of maceration was going on. 1880 T. H. Huxley Crayfish iii. 100 When the exoskeleton is cleaned by maceration. 1898 Rev. Brit. Pharmacy 34 The maceration tinctures are not to be made up to a prescribed volume with the menstruum. 1927 Bot. Gaz. 83 331 Protopectinase.—The term applied to the enzyme which hydrolyzes or dissolves protopectin, with the resultant separation of the plant cells from each other, usually spoken of as maceration. 1968 Phytopathology 58 1509 (heading) Maceration of plant tissues susceptible and resistant to soft-rot pathogens by enzymes from compatible host-pathogen combinations. 1977 Arch. Pathol. & Lab. Med. 101 19 The maceration technique employed in the preparation of specimens of bone for museum purposes. 1986 Jrnl. Anat. 149 89 After maceration of the soft tissues, the calcified (fibro) cartilage is left attached to the bone at articular surfaces. c. Pathology. The autolytic changes, esp. bullous degeneration of the skin, that occur in a fetus that has died in the uterus. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > biological processes > procreation or reproduction > embryo or fetus > embryo development processes > [noun] fetalization1819 segmentation1851 maceration1873 neurulation1878 blastulation1889 concrescence1890 cell lineage1892 myelination1892 spiral cleavage1892 medullation1893 myelinization1900 myelogenesis1901 induction1928 myelinogenesis1931 horizon1942 1873 A. S. Taylor Princ. & Pract. Med. Jurisprudence (ed. 2) II. lxxiv. 325 M. Sentex states..that the dead foetus retained in utero, with the membranes unruptured, undergoes one of three changes—maceration, putrefaction, or mummification. The first is the most common condition. 1981 H. Jolly Bk. Child Care (new ed.) lii. 593 A baby who has died some hours or days before delivery develops ‘maceration’ of the skin. 1992 Textbk. Neonatology vii. xxxviii. 1160/1 Maceration is accelerated by oedema and amniotic fluid infection. d. Medicine. Prolonged wetting or dampness, esp. of the skin; the changes that occur in skin as a result of this (softening of keratin, erythema, etc.). ΚΠ 1879 F. J. Bumstead & R. W. Taylor Pathol. & Treatm. Venereal Dis. (rev. ed.) iii. xvi. 591 The constant maceration of the mucous membrane of the mouth. 1975 Arch. Dermatol. 111 1004 Aluminum chloride..was the only compound to bring about rapid resolution of the signs and symptoms of athlete's foot... This salt promptly controls odor, pruritus, and maceration. 1998 Clin. Geriatr. Med. 14 285 Effects [of urinary incontinence] on physical health, such as skin maceration and recurrent urinary tract infections, are relatively minor. †3. concrete. A product of maceration. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > liquid > condition of being or making wet > action or process of soaking or steeping > [noun] > substance obtained by soaking or steeping > in order to soften maceration1836 1836 J. M. Gully tr. F. Magendie Formulary (ed. 2) 153 He collects the different spirituous macerations in an alembic. †4. The process of allowing wind and rain to remove magnesia and sulphur from iron ore that has been spread over the ground in small pieces. Obsolete. rare. ΚΠ 1868 C. B. Norton & W. J. Valentine Rep. to Govt. U.S. on Munitions of War at Paris Universal Exhib. 1867 120 It [sc. the ore] is then allowed to remain exposed to the air for a time long enough to permit the small traces of sulphur to be dissipated, [etc.]... This process is termed maceration. 5. In full carbonic maceration. In winemaking: a technique used to produce a fruitier, less tannic, and more palatable wine by inducing fermentation within uncrushed grapes in a carbon dioxide environment before crushing and pressing them, completing fermentation, and processing the wine in the usual way. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > drink > manufacture of alcoholic drink > wine-making > [noun] > specific techniques méthode champenoise1928 Charmat1935 cryoextraction1962 maceration1977 1971 J. Jeffs Wines of Europe ii. 45 The method..maceration carbonique was invented. A slow fermentation begins and after three or four days..the grapes are pressed and the must is fermented out of contact both of the stalks and skins.] 1977 H. Johnson World Atlas of Wine (rev. ed.) 125/3 A number of producers are using Beaujolais-style vinification (carbonic maceration) to make their wine full and fruity. 1988 K. Lynch Adventures on Wine Route (1990) v. 152 In a word carbonic maceration wines are not considered macho. 1990 Decanter Mar. 54/2 There was a theory that modern wines, owing to higher yields and shorter maceration, would never be as rich. 1992 Food Entertaining Summer 126 (advt.) The Rose is certainly not delicate, a full bodied..Pinot Noir made by the maceration method. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.a1492
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