Avogadron.

Brit.

/avə(ʊ)ˈɡɑːdrəʊ/,

/ˌavə(ʊ)ˈɡadrəʊ/, U.S.

/ˌɑvəˈɡɑˌdroʊ/

Origin: From a proper name. Etymon: proper name Count Amedeo Avogadro.

Etymology: < the name of Count Amedeo Avogadro (1776–1856), Italian scientist, who published his hypothesis on the nature of gases in 1811 (in Journal de physique, de chimie et d'histoire naturelle 73 58–76).

Chemistry.

1. attributive and in the genitive. Designating Avogadro's hypothesis (later a law) that equal volumes of all gases at the same temperature and pressure contain equal numbers of molecules, as Avogadro's hypothesis, Avogadro's law, etc.

ΚΠ

1870 London, Edinb., & Dublin Philos. Mag. 4th Ser. 39 317 In the development of the mechanical theory of gases, Avogadro's law has been used as a simple and probable assumption.

1931 Jrnl. Amer. Chem. Soc. 53 474 Although volume no longer appears explicitly in this ideal law, the choice of molecular weights for the components used in calculating the mole fraction implies it through the Avogadro hypothesis.

1959 Chambers's Encycl. I. 746/1 Since molecules have now lost their hypothetical character, it seems preferable to refer to Avogadro's theorem rather than Avogadro's hypothesis or law.

2010 D. L. Reger et al. Chemistry (ed. 3) vi. 217 Avogadro's law can be written in a way that allows us to predict changes in the conditions of a gas.

a. Avogadro's constant n. (also Avogadro constant) (originally) a physical constant expressing the number of molecules, atoms, etc., in a mole (mole n.⁸) of substance; (in later use, equivalently) the quantity 6.02214076 × 10²³ mol⁻¹; symbol N_A.In 2018 the General Conference on Weights and Measures agreed that, as part of the redefinition of the mole (mole n.⁸), the value of Avogadro's constant would from May the following year be set at exactly 6.02214076 × 10²³ mol⁻¹, having previously been given as 6.022140 758(62) × 10²³ mol⁻¹ (where the figure in parenthesis represents the standard uncertainty due to errors in measurement).

ΚΠ

1912 Ann. Rep. Progr. Chem. 1911 8 277 The value of Avogadro's constant, or the number of molecules in the mole of any gas, is almost exactly 7 × 10²³.

2018 Measurem. Techniques 60 1173 The Avogadro constant is intimately linked with the Planck constant through the Rydberg constant.

b. Avogadro's number n. (also Avogadro number) the numerical value of Avogadro's constant; (sometimes also) the constant itself.

ΚΠ

1912 tr. Proc. Koninklijke Nederlandse Akad. van Wetenshappen 15 424 In this Θ_M = 22413 [cm³,] is the theoretical normal volume of the gram molecule, and N = 6,85.10²³ is the Avogadro number.

1955 Physical Rev. 99 1747 (abstract) Avogadro's number is obtained as 6.02368 × 10²³ mole⁻¹.

2011 L. S. Brown & T. A. Holme Chem. for Engin. Students (ed. 2) iii. 83 One mole of the compound must contain Avogadro's number of H₂O molecules.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2019; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	avogadro
释义	Avogadron. Brit. /avə(ʊ)ˈɡɑːdrəʊ/, /ˌavə(ʊ)ˈɡadrəʊ/, U.S. /ˌɑvəˈɡɑˌdroʊ/ Origin: From a proper name. Etymon: proper name Count Amedeo Avogadro. Etymology: < the name of Count Amedeo Avogadro (1776–1856), Italian scientist, who published his hypothesis on the nature of gases in 1811 (in Journal de physique, de chimie et d'histoire naturelle 73 58–76). Chemistry. 1. attributive and in the genitive. Designating Avogadro's hypothesis (later a law) that equal volumes of all gases at the same temperature and pressure contain equal numbers of molecules, as Avogadro's hypothesis, Avogadro's law, etc. ΚΠ 1870 London, Edinb., & Dublin Philos. Mag. 4th Ser. 39 317 In the development of the mechanical theory of gases, Avogadro's law has been used as a simple and probable assumption. 1931 Jrnl. Amer. Chem. Soc. 53 474 Although volume no longer appears explicitly in this ideal law, the choice of molecular weights for the components used in calculating the mole fraction implies it through the Avogadro hypothesis. 1959 Chambers's Encycl. I. 746/1 Since molecules have now lost their hypothetical character, it seems preferable to refer to Avogadro's theorem rather than Avogadro's hypothesis or law. 2010 D. L. Reger et al. Chemistry (ed. 3) vi. 217 Avogadro's law can be written in a way that allows us to predict changes in the conditions of a gas. 2. a. Avogadro's constant n. (also Avogadro constant) (originally) a physical constant expressing the number of molecules, atoms, etc., in a mole (mole n.⁸) of substance; (in later use, equivalently) the quantity 6.02214076 × 10²³ mol⁻¹; symbol N_A.In 2018 the General Conference on Weights and Measures agreed that, as part of the redefinition of the mole (mole n.⁸), the value of Avogadro's constant would from May the following year be set at exactly 6.02214076 × 10²³ mol⁻¹, having previously been given as 6.022140 758(62) × 10²³ mol⁻¹ (where the figure in parenthesis represents the standard uncertainty due to errors in measurement). ΚΠ 1912 Ann. Rep. Progr. Chem. 1911 8 277 The value of Avogadro's constant, or the number of molecules in the mole of any gas, is almost exactly 7 × 10²³. 2018 Measurem. Techniques 60 1173 The Avogadro constant is intimately linked with the Planck constant through the Rydberg constant. b. Avogadro's number n. (also Avogadro number) the numerical value of Avogadro's constant; (sometimes also) the constant itself. ΚΠ 1912 tr. Proc. Koninklijke Nederlandse Akad. van Wetenshappen 15 424 In this Θ_M = 22413 [cm³,] is the theoretical normal volume of the gram molecule, and N = 6,85.10²³ is the Avogadro number. 1955 Physical Rev. 99 1747 (abstract) Avogadro's number is obtained as 6.02368 × 10²³ mole⁻¹. 2011 L. S. Brown & T. A. Holme Chem. for Engin. Students (ed. 2) iii. 83 One mole of the compound must contain Avogadro's number of H₂O molecules. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2019; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1870
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