lèse-comb. form

Stress is usually determined by a subsequent element.

Forms: 1700s–1800s leze-, 1800s lese-, 1800s lèse-.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation; modelled on a French lexical item. Etymon: lèse-majesté n.

Etymology: < lèse- (in lèse-majesté n.), after similar use of French lèse-.The first element of Middle French, French lèse-majesté came to be interpreted as a verb-stem by the 16th cent. (compare Middle French leser la majesté to commit lèse-majesté (1538)); from the 17th cent. it was used occasionally to combine with other nouns (initially humorously); compare e.g. lèse-faculté (1674 in Molière, or earlier), lèse-personne de Louis XIV (1702), lèse-humanité (1758 or earlier)), lèse-nation lèse-nation n.; formations become more common in the early 19th cent. In English use attested earliest in 18th-cent. translations from French (compare quot. 1772 and lèse-nation n.); independent formations within English are attested from the early 19th cent. In lèse-humanity (compare quots. 1772 and 1833) originally after French lèse-humanité (see above), which was also occasionally borrowed into English (in its French form) in the 19th and 20th cent.

Prefixed to nouns, to form nouns with the sense ‘an offence against, or affront to, the specified person or thing’. Cf. lèse-majesté n., lèse-nation n.

ΚΠ

1772 W. Hooper tr. L. S. Mercier Mem. Year Two Thousand Five Hundred I. x. 60 Our thoughts ought to be perfectly free; to bridle them, or stifle them in their sanctuary, is the crime of leze humanity [Fr. leze-humanité].

1796 W. Cobbett in P.-A. Adet Gros Mousqueton Diplomatique Pref. p. iv The horrid crime of leze republicanism.

1808 R. Southey Select. from Lett. (1856) II. 361 All flogging in schools is prohibited, as a crime of leze-liberty in a free country.

1831 T. P. Thompson in Westm. Rev. Apr. 450 There is scarcely an honest or independent man among them, who has not in some way or other been guilty of Lèse-Toryism.

1833 W. Hamilton in Edinb. Rev. July 539 To enfeeble them [sc. classical studies] would..be..in a certain sort, the crime of lese-humanity.

1870 J. R. Lowell Cathedral 18 I was a poacher on their self-preserve, Intent constructively on lese-anglicism.

1901 Harper's Mag. Apr. 805/2 I am afraid he might be disappointed when he came to look at the book and found it merely an exquisite work of art, with no imaginable leze-America in it.

1954 E. Pound tr. Shih-ching ii. 109 Accept an office? That is thorns and death, that to refuse will be lèse-Emperor.

1975 Guardian 12 Sept. 4/6 The schismatic Ba'athist factions of Bagdad and Damascus are now giving what most of their people must regard as a squalid object lesson in lèse-unity.

2001 New Statesman 5 Mar. 11/1 For a moment, I thought I was going to be the first man to be arrested for lese-celebrity.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2018; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

单词	lèse-
释义	lèse-comb. form Stress is usually determined by a subsequent element. Forms: 1700s–1800s leze-, 1800s lese-, 1800s lèse-. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation; modelled on a French lexical item. Etymon: lèse-majesté n. Etymology: < lèse- (in lèse-majesté n.), after similar use of French lèse-.The first element of Middle French, French lèse-majesté came to be interpreted as a verb-stem by the 16th cent. (compare Middle French leser la majesté to commit lèse-majesté (1538)); from the 17th cent. it was used occasionally to combine with other nouns (initially humorously); compare e.g. lèse-faculté (1674 in Molière, or earlier), lèse-personne de Louis XIV (1702), lèse-humanité (1758 or earlier)), lèse-nation lèse-nation n.; formations become more common in the early 19th cent. In English use attested earliest in 18th-cent. translations from French (compare quot. 1772 and lèse-nation n.); independent formations within English are attested from the early 19th cent. In lèse-humanity (compare quots. 1772 and 1833) originally after French lèse-humanité (see above), which was also occasionally borrowed into English (in its French form) in the 19th and 20th cent. Prefixed to nouns, to form nouns with the sense ‘an offence against, or affront to, the specified person or thing’. Cf. lèse-majesté n., lèse-nation n. ΚΠ 1772 W. Hooper tr. L. S. Mercier Mem. Year Two Thousand Five Hundred I. x. 60 Our thoughts ought to be perfectly free; to bridle them, or stifle them in their sanctuary, is the crime of leze humanity [Fr. leze-humanité]. 1796 W. Cobbett in P.-A. Adet Gros Mousqueton Diplomatique Pref. p. iv The horrid crime of leze republicanism. 1808 R. Southey Select. from Lett. (1856) II. 361 All flogging in schools is prohibited, as a crime of leze-liberty in a free country. 1831 T. P. Thompson in Westm. Rev. Apr. 450 There is scarcely an honest or independent man among them, who has not in some way or other been guilty of Lèse-Toryism. 1833 W. Hamilton in Edinb. Rev. July 539 To enfeeble them [sc. classical studies] would..be..in a certain sort, the crime of lese-humanity. 1870 J. R. Lowell Cathedral 18 I was a poacher on their self-preserve, Intent constructively on lese-anglicism. 1901 Harper's Mag. Apr. 805/2 I am afraid he might be disappointed when he came to look at the book and found it merely an exquisite work of art, with no imaginable leze-America in it. 1954 E. Pound tr. Shih-ching ii. 109 Accept an office? That is thorns and death, that to refuse will be lèse-Emperor. 1975 Guardian 12 Sept. 4/6 The schismatic Ba'athist factions of Bagdad and Damascus are now giving what most of their people must regard as a squalid object lesson in lèse-unity. 2001 New Statesman 5 Mar. 11/1 For a moment, I thought I was going to be the first man to be arrested for lese-celebrity. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2018; most recently modified version published online December 2020). < comb. form1772
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