lymphn.

Brit.

/lɪmf/, U.S.

/lɪmf/

Forms: Also 1600s–1700s in Latin form lympha.

Etymology: < Latin lympha, altered spelling (due to pseudo-etymological association with Greek νύμϕη nymph n.¹) of *limpa (whence limpidus limpid adj.), *lumpa; according to some scholars representing a prehistoric *dumpa cognate with the Oscan Diumpais ‘Nymphis’.

a. Pure water; water in general; a stream. Only poetic and rhetorical.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > liquid > water > [noun]

watereOE

aquaa1398

breec1540

Mother Bunch1600

lympha1630

pani1816

fisherman's daughter1880

the world > the earth > water > rivers and streams > stream > [noun]

burnc1000

strind?c1225

stranda1240

flowinga1382

gole?a1400

watercoursea1450

riparya1475

glide1590

lympha1630

stream1803

floss1865

strool1867

a1630 in Roxburghe Ballads (1871) I. 176 Here rurall gods and tripping Nymphs Did bath their corps in the pure lymphs And christal streams.

1791 E. Darwin Bot. Garden: Pt. I i. 117 The Naiad-Nymph, Who hides her fine form in the passing Lymph.

1843 G. Borrow Bible in Spain III. xii. 205 In the middle of this court was a fountain well supplied with the crystal lymph.

1860 Ld. Lytton Lucile ii. v. §6. 17 Then..the lymph Was the dwelling divine of a white-footed nymph.

1885 R. Bridges Eros & Psyche x. xxix. 129 Its [sc. a fountain's] biting lymph may not be touched of man Or god, unless the Fates have so ordained.

figurative.1879 G. Meredith Egoist I. xvi. 302 It would be the pity of common sympathy, pure lymph of pity, as nearly disembodied as can be.

b. transferred (nonce-uses).

ΚΠ

1785 W. Cowper Task iii. 391 Sipping calm the fragrant lymph [sc. tea] Which neatly she prepares.

1878 W. T. Thornton Word for Word from Horace 136 Not on wings..shall I through aether's lymph be borne.

†2. Botany. A colourless fluid in plants; the sap.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > part of plant > plant substances > [noun] > fluid, juice, or sap

oozeeOE

sapOE

milkOE

slime?c1225

juicec1290

humoura1398

opiuma1398

watera1425

sop1513

afion1542

suc1551

suck1560

ab1587

lymph1682

blood1690

fluid1705

humidities1725

succus1771

plant milk1896

1682 N. Grew Anat. Plants ii. i. iii. 68 The Root of Dandelion being cut in November, seems to bleed both a Milk and a Lympha.

1785 W. Cowper Task vi. 136 That moved The pure and subtle lymph Through th' imperceptible meand'ring veins Of leaf and flow'r.

1807 J. E. Smith Introd. Physiol. & Systematical Bot. 67 The sap, or lymph, of most plants..appears to the sight and taste little else than water.

1830 J. Lindley Introd. Nat. Syst. Bot. 270 The juice of the fruit and the lymph of the stem of Musa are slightly astringent.

1900 B. D. Jackson Gloss. Bot. Terms Lymph,..Grew's term for sap.]

3. Physiology. A colourless alkaline fluid, derived from various tissues and organs of the body, resembling blood but containing no red corpuscles.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > secretory organs > secretion > lymph > [noun]

lymph1725

tissue-lymph1903

1725 N. Robinson New Theory of Physick 59 The Pancreatic Juice, Lympha, and Bile are all fitted for their several Offices of Separation, Attenuation, and Dilution.

a1793 J. Hunter Treat. Blood, Inflammation, & Gun-shot Wounds (1794) 28 The coagulating lymph of the blood being common, probably to all animals, while the red particles are not.

1805 W. Saunders Treat. Mineral Waters (ed. 2) 446 The waters of Barege..dissolve..soap and animal lymph.

1830 R. Knox tr. P. A. Béclard Elements Gen. Anat. 120 To coagulate like the coagulable lymph of the blood.

1898 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. V. 666 There is a continual outpouring of some of the contents of the capillaries into the tissues, which output, under the name of lymph, is roughly speaking liquor sanguinis deprived of much of its albumin.

4. (a) The exudation from an inflamed tissue, from a sore, etc. (b) In later use often spec. for vaccine lymph at vaccine adj. 1c, the matter which is taken from the vesicles characteristic of cowpox in a cow or calf or in a vaccinated human being, in order to be used in the operation of vaccination. Hence, in wider sense, any morbid matter taken from a person or animal suffering from a disease, in order to be employed in some prophylactic operation analogous to vaccination.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > discharge or flux > [noun] > discharge of putrid matter

yousterc725

screevinga1400

gotour14..

mattering?c1450

gleet1535

ichor1651

discharge1678

gleeting1684

pyorrhoea1787

lymph1800

the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > vaccine or antiserum > [noun] > vaccine > of cowpox or smallpox

variolous matter1676

vaccine lymph1799

lymph1800

vaccine1800

humanized lymph1839

pock-lymph1876

calf-lymph1884

1800 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 4 61 Several..tumours..discharged an acrid lymph.

1801 J. Ring Treat. Cow-pox I. 295 Medical men in general..think it [variolous matter] most active when it is a mere lymph, and inert as it becomes more opaque.

1810 E. Jenner Let. 28 Feb. in J. Baron Life of Edward Jenner (1838) II. 368 I send out a great deal of vaccine lymph on ivory points.

1866 J. Hutchinson in J. R. Reynolds' Syst. Med. I. 307 The rapid absorption of syphilitic lymph under mercurial influence.

1868 E. C. Seaton Handbk. Vaccination 109 Lymph should in every instance (where practicable) be inserted direct from arm to arm.

1873 F. T. Roberts Handbk. Med. 53 Fibrinous Exudation, Lymph, Coagulable Lymph, Inflammatory exudation. An exudation escapes from the vessels in some forms of inflammation, which is coagulable, containing much fibrine, and to this the above names have been applied.

1873 F. T. Roberts Handbk. Med. 194 The lymph does not deteriorate or lose its protective power after passing through any number of individuals.

1893 R. J. Dunglison Dunglison's Dict. Med. Sci. (ed. 21) Koch's lymph.

Compounds

C1. Simple attributive.

lymph-cell n.

ΚΠ

1873 T. H. Green Introd. Pathol. & Morbid Anat. (ed. 2) 208 Small spheroidal elements resembling lymph-cells.

lymph-channel n.

ΚΠ

1867 Quain's Elements Anat. (ed. 7) III. p. clxxxviii The Lymph-sinus, or the lymph-channel.

lymph-corpuscle n.

ΚΠ

1872 E. R. Peaslee Ovarian Tumors 14 The lymph-corpuscle, becomes a diagnostic element of the peritoneal fluid.

lymph-follicle n.

ΚΠ

1873 T. H. Green Introd. Pathol. & Morbid Anat. (ed. 2) 264 The lymph-follicles become enlarged from the multiplication of their elements.

lymph-gland n.

ΚΠ

1856–8 W. Clark tr. J. van der Hoeven Handbk. Zool. I. 15 Lymph-glands are found only in higher animals.

lymph-globule n.

ΚΠ

1834 S. Cooper Good's Study Med. (ed. 4) I. 552 Globules void of colour, found floating in the serum, and which Sir Everard Home has called lymph-globules.

lymph-path n.

lymph-scrotum n.

ΚΠ

1878 R. D. Hoblyn Dict. Terms Med. & Collateral Sci. (ed. 10) Lymph-scrotum, a peculiar disease of the scrotum, characterized by the formation of vesicles in the skin of the scrotum containing albuminous fluid, charged with corpuscles like those of the blood.

lymph-sinus n.

ΚΠ

1867Lymph-sinus [see lymph-channel n.].

lymph-space n.

ΚΠ

1874 Q. Jrnl. Microsc. Sci. 14 91 The lymph spaces existing between the tendinous fibres of fasciæ.

1875 E. R. Lankester in Q. Jrnl. Microsc. Sci. 15 260 Each fold contains between its lamellæ a lymph-space (part of the cœlom).

lymph-stoma n.

ΚΠ

1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VII. 542 A pleural effusion closes the lymph-stomata of the pleura.

lymph-stream n.

ΚΠ

1873 T. H. Green Introd. Pathol. & Morbid Anat. (ed. 2) 109 The transmission by the lymph-stream of substances..derived from the malignant growth.

lymph-vessel n.

ΚΠ

1874 Q. Jrnl. Microsc. Sci. 14 91 The lymph vessels on the opposite side.

C2. Objective.

lymph-absorption n.

ΚΠ

1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VI. 213 The hypothesis of lymph-formation and lymph-absorption.

lymph-secretion n.

ΚΠ

1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VII. 243 The whole question of lymph secretion is at present in too unsettled a state to be discussed with much profit.

lymph-connective adj.

ΚΠ

1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VI. 507 The lymph-connective elements (spider-cells)..crowd upon the sheaths of the blood-vessels.

lymph-forming adj.

ΚΠ

1897 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. IV. 13 Increase of uric acid..may be an evidence of changes in lymph-forming structures.

C3.

lymph-canalicular adj. of or pertaining to lymph-channels.

ΚΠ

1874 Q. Jrnl. Microsc. Sci. 14 278 The lymph-canalicular system of Recklinghausen.

lymph-cataract n. (see quot.).

ΚΠ

1844 R. D. Hoblyn Dict. Terms Med. & Collateral Sci. (ed. 2) Lymph-cataract, the most frequent form of spurious cataract; so named by Beer.

lymph-heart n. one of a number of contractile muscular sacs which pump the lymph forward.

ΚΠ

1875 T. H. Huxley & H. N. Martin Course Elem. Biol. 172 The Frog possesses two pairs of lymph-hearts.

lymph node n. any of several small rounded gland-like structures of the lymphatic system, which are disposed along the course of the lymph vessels and which are responsible for removing foreign bodies from the lymph stream and for producing lymphocytes and antibodies; a lymph gland.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > secretory organs > gland > types of gland > [noun]

miliary gland1691

mucilaginous gland1691

mucous gland1699

acinus1702

crypta1726

glandule1751

crypt1804

globate gland1813

ganglion1819

submaxillary1824

lacrimal1829

germ gland1840

sweat-gland1845

ductless glands1849

lymph node1892

metasternal1965

1892 Proc. N.Y. Path. Soc. 1891 65 (heading) Large-celled indurative hyperplasia of the lymph nodes.

1925 Jrnl. Amer. Med. Assoc. 28 Feb. 669/2 The cervical, axillary, epitrochlear and inguinal lymph nodes were moderately enlarged.

1955 Sci. News Let. 18 June 393/2 Antibodies, he found, are formed in lymph nodes, better known to the layman as glands.

1961 H. A. Skinner Origin Med. Terms (ed. 2) 259/2 All of the early writers seem to have adhered to the term [lymph] gland..and the term has been continued, although there is no indication of any gland function. This was a matter of vigorous debate at the anatomical congress at Basle [in 1895]..and Toldt especially advocated use of the term ‘lymph node’. On the last ballot his suggestion was voted down by a large majority. In the Nomina Anatomica adopted at Paris in 1955 the term node was approved.

1972 J. W. Shields Tropic Function Lymphoid Elem. xi. 71 The lymph nodes are characteristically oriented to receive substrate more or less directly from the peripheral tissues.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1903; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	lymph
释义	lymphn. Brit. /lɪmf/, U.S. /lɪmf/ Forms: Also 1600s–1700s in Latin form lympha. Etymology: < Latin lympha, altered spelling (due to pseudo-etymological association with Greek νύμϕη nymph n.¹) of limpa (whence limpidus* limpid adj.), lumpa; according to some scholars representing a prehistoric dumpa cognate with the Oscan Diumpais ‘Nymphis’. 1. a. Pure water; water in general; a stream. Only poetic and rhetorical. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > liquid > water > [noun] watereOE aquaa1398 breec1540 Mother Bunch1600 lympha1630 pani1816 fisherman's daughter1880 the world > the earth > water > rivers and streams > stream > [noun] burnc1000 strind?c1225 stranda1240 flowinga1382 gole?a1400 watercoursea1450 riparya1475 glide1590 lympha1630 stream1803 floss1865 strool1867 a1630 in Roxburghe Ballads (1871) I. 176 Here rurall gods and tripping Nymphs Did bath their corps in the pure lymphs And christal streams. 1791 E. Darwin Bot. Garden: Pt. I i. 117 The Naiad-Nymph, Who hides her fine form in the passing Lymph. 1843 G. Borrow Bible in Spain III. xii. 205 In the middle of this court was a fountain well supplied with the crystal lymph. 1860 Ld. Lytton Lucile ii. v. §6. 17 Then..the lymph Was the dwelling divine of a white-footed nymph. 1885 R. Bridges Eros & Psyche x. xxix. 129 Its [sc. a fountain's] biting lymph may not be touched of man Or god, unless the Fates have so ordained. figurative.1879 G. Meredith Egoist I. xvi. 302 It would be the pity of common sympathy, pure lymph of pity, as nearly disembodied as can be. b. transferred (nonce-uses). ΚΠ 1785 W. Cowper Task iii. 391 Sipping calm the fragrant lymph [sc. tea] Which neatly she prepares. 1878 W. T. Thornton Word for Word from Horace 136 Not on wings..shall I through aether's lymph be borne. †2. Botany. A colourless fluid in plants; the sap. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > part of plant > plant substances > [noun] > fluid, juice, or sap oozeeOE sapOE milkOE slime?c1225 juicec1290 humoura1398 opiuma1398 watera1425 sop1513 afion1542 suc1551 suck1560 ab1587 lymph1682 blood1690 fluid1705 humidities1725 succus1771 plant milk1896 1682 N. Grew Anat. Plants ii. i. iii. 68 The Root of Dandelion being cut in November, seems to bleed both a Milk and a Lympha. 1785 W. Cowper Task vi. 136 That moved The pure and subtle lymph Through th' imperceptible meand'ring veins Of leaf and flow'r. 1807 J. E. Smith Introd. Physiol. & Systematical Bot. 67 The sap, or lymph, of most plants..appears to the sight and taste little else than water. 1830 J. Lindley Introd. Nat. Syst. Bot. 270 The juice of the fruit and the lymph of the stem of Musa are slightly astringent. 1900 B. D. Jackson Gloss. Bot. Terms Lymph,..Grew's term for sap.] 3. Physiology. A colourless alkaline fluid, derived from various tissues and organs of the body, resembling blood but containing no red corpuscles. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > secretory organs > secretion > lymph > [noun] lymph1725 tissue-lymph1903 1725 N. Robinson New Theory of Physick 59 The Pancreatic Juice, Lympha, and Bile are all fitted for their several Offices of Separation, Attenuation, and Dilution. a1793 J. Hunter Treat. Blood, Inflammation, & Gun-shot Wounds (1794) 28 The coagulating lymph of the blood being common, probably to all animals, while the red particles are not. 1805 W. Saunders Treat. Mineral Waters (ed. 2) 446 The waters of Barege..dissolve..soap and animal lymph. 1830 R. Knox tr. P. A. Béclard Elements Gen. Anat. 120 To coagulate like the coagulable lymph of the blood. 1898 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. V. 666 There is a continual outpouring of some of the contents of the capillaries into the tissues, which output, under the name of lymph, is roughly speaking liquor sanguinis deprived of much of its albumin. 4. (a) The exudation from an inflamed tissue, from a sore, etc. (b) In later use often spec. for vaccine lymph at vaccine adj. 1c, the matter which is taken from the vesicles characteristic of cowpox in a cow or calf or in a vaccinated human being, in order to be used in the operation of vaccination. Hence, in wider sense, any morbid matter taken from a person or animal suffering from a disease, in order to be employed in some prophylactic operation analogous to vaccination. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > discharge or flux > [noun] > discharge of putrid matter yousterc725 screevinga1400 gotour14.. mattering?c1450 gleet1535 ichor1651 discharge1678 gleeting1684 pyorrhoea1787 lymph1800 the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > vaccine or antiserum > [noun] > vaccine > of cowpox or smallpox variolous matter1676 vaccine lymph1799 lymph1800 vaccine1800 humanized lymph1839 pock-lymph1876 calf-lymph1884 1800 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 4 61 Several..tumours..discharged an acrid lymph. 1801 J. Ring Treat. Cow-pox I. 295 Medical men in general..think it [variolous matter] most active when it is a mere lymph, and inert as it becomes more opaque. 1810 E. Jenner Let. 28 Feb. in J. Baron Life of Edward Jenner (1838) II. 368 I send out a great deal of vaccine lymph on ivory points. 1866 J. Hutchinson in J. R. Reynolds' Syst. Med. I. 307 The rapid absorption of syphilitic lymph under mercurial influence. 1868 E. C. Seaton Handbk. Vaccination 109 Lymph should in every instance (where practicable) be inserted direct from arm to arm. 1873 F. T. Roberts Handbk. Med. 53 Fibrinous Exudation, Lymph, Coagulable Lymph, Inflammatory exudation. An exudation escapes from the vessels in some forms of inflammation, which is coagulable, containing much fibrine, and to this the above names have been applied. 1873 F. T. Roberts Handbk. Med. 194 The lymph does not deteriorate or lose its protective power after passing through any number of individuals. 1893 R. J. Dunglison Dunglison's Dict. Med. Sci. (ed. 21) Koch's lymph. Compounds C1. Simple attributive. lymph-cell n. ΚΠ 1873 T. H. Green Introd. Pathol. & Morbid Anat. (ed. 2) 208 Small spheroidal elements resembling lymph-cells. lymph-channel n. ΚΠ 1867 Quain's Elements Anat. (ed. 7) III. p. clxxxviii The Lymph-sinus, or the lymph-channel. lymph-corpuscle n. ΚΠ 1872 E. R. Peaslee Ovarian Tumors 14 The lymph-corpuscle, becomes a diagnostic element of the peritoneal fluid. lymph-follicle n. ΚΠ 1873 T. H. Green Introd. Pathol. & Morbid Anat. (ed. 2) 264 The lymph-follicles become enlarged from the multiplication of their elements. lymph-gland n. ΚΠ 1856–8 W. Clark tr. J. van der Hoeven Handbk. Zool. I. 15 Lymph-glands are found only in higher animals. lymph-globule n. ΚΠ 1834 S. Cooper Good's Study Med. (ed. 4) I. 552 Globules void of colour, found floating in the serum, and which Sir Everard Home has called lymph-globules. lymph-path n. lymph-scrotum n. ΚΠ 1878 R. D. Hoblyn Dict. Terms Med. & Collateral Sci. (ed. 10) Lymph-scrotum, a peculiar disease of the scrotum, characterized by the formation of vesicles in the skin of the scrotum containing albuminous fluid, charged with corpuscles like those of the blood. lymph-sinus n. ΚΠ 1867Lymph-sinus [see lymph-channel n.]. lymph-space n. ΚΠ 1874 Q. Jrnl. Microsc. Sci. 14 91 The lymph spaces existing between the tendinous fibres of fasciæ. 1875 E. R. Lankester in Q. Jrnl. Microsc. Sci. 15 260 Each fold contains between its lamellæ a lymph-space (part of the cœlom). lymph-stoma n. ΚΠ 1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VII. 542 A pleural effusion closes the lymph-stomata of the pleura. lymph-stream n. ΚΠ 1873 T. H. Green Introd. Pathol. & Morbid Anat. (ed. 2) 109 The transmission by the lymph-stream of substances..derived from the malignant growth. lymph-vessel n. ΚΠ 1874 Q. Jrnl. Microsc. Sci. 14 91 The lymph vessels on the opposite side. C2. Objective. a. lymph-absorption n. ΚΠ 1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VI. 213 The hypothesis of lymph-formation and lymph-absorption. lymph-secretion n. ΚΠ 1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VII. 243 The whole question of lymph secretion is at present in too unsettled a state to be discussed with much profit. b. lymph-connective adj. ΚΠ 1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VI. 507 The lymph-connective elements (spider-cells)..crowd upon the sheaths of the blood-vessels. lymph-forming adj. ΚΠ 1897 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. IV. 13 Increase of uric acid..may be an evidence of changes in lymph-forming structures. C3. lymph-canalicular adj. of or pertaining to lymph-channels. ΚΠ 1874 Q. Jrnl. Microsc. Sci. 14 278 The lymph-canalicular system of Recklinghausen. lymph-cataract n. (see quot.). ΚΠ 1844 R. D. Hoblyn Dict. Terms Med. & Collateral Sci. (ed. 2) Lymph-cataract, the most frequent form of spurious cataract; so named by Beer. lymph-heart n. one of a number of contractile muscular sacs which pump the lymph forward. ΚΠ 1875 T. H. Huxley & H. N. Martin Course Elem. Biol. 172 The Frog possesses two pairs of lymph-hearts. lymph node n. any of several small rounded gland-like structures of the lymphatic system, which are disposed along the course of the lymph vessels and which are responsible for removing foreign bodies from the lymph stream and for producing lymphocytes and antibodies; a lymph gland. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > secretory organs > gland > types of gland > [noun] miliary gland1691 mucilaginous gland1691 mucous gland1699 acinus1702 crypta1726 glandule1751 crypt1804 globate gland1813 ganglion1819 submaxillary1824 lacrimal1829 germ gland1840 sweat-gland1845 ductless glands1849 lymph node1892 metasternal1965 1892 Proc. N.Y. Path. Soc. 1891 65 (heading) Large-celled indurative hyperplasia of the lymph nodes. 1925 Jrnl. Amer. Med. Assoc. 28 Feb. 669/2 The cervical, axillary, epitrochlear and inguinal lymph nodes were moderately enlarged. 1955 Sci. News Let. 18 June 393/2 Antibodies, he found, are formed in lymph nodes, better known to the layman as glands. 1961 H. A. Skinner Origin Med. Terms (ed. 2) 259/2 All of the early writers seem to have adhered to the term [lymph] gland..and the term has been continued, although there is no indication of any gland function. This was a matter of vigorous debate at the anatomical congress at Basle [in 1895]..and Toldt especially advocated use of the term ‘lymph node’. On the last ballot his suggestion was voted down by a large majority. In the Nomina Anatomica adopted at Paris in 1955 the term node was approved. 1972 J. W. Shields Tropic Function Lymphoid Elem. xi. 71 The lymph nodes are characteristically oriented to receive substrate more or less directly from the peripheral tissues. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1903; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.a1630
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