loyaladj.n.

Brit.

/ˈlɔɪəl/, U.S.

/ˈlɔɪ(ə)l/

Forms: Also 1500s–1600s loyall, 1600s loial(l.

Etymology: < French loyal, Old French loial, leial, semi-popular < Latin lēgāl-em (see legal adj. and n.), < lēg- , lēx law. Compare leal adj.

A. adj.

1. True to obligations of duty, love, etc.; faithful to plighted troth.

ΘΚΠ

society > morality > duty or obligation > recognition of duty > faithfulness or trustworthiness > [adjective]

soothfastc825

truefastOE

i-treowec1000

unfakenOE

trueOE

sickerc1100

trigc1175

strustya1250

steel to the (very) backa1300

true as steela1300

certainc1325

well-provedc1325

surec1330

traistc1330

tristc1330

trustya1350

faithfula1382

veryc1385

sada1387

discreet1387

trust1389

trothfulc1390

tristya1400

proveda1425

good-heartedc1425

well-trusted?a1439

tristfulc1440

authorizablea1475

faithworthy?1526

tentik1534

fidele1539

truthfulc1550

suresby1553

responsible1558

trestc1560

reliable1569

cocksurea1575

sound1581

trustful1582

truepenny1589

true (also good, sure) as touch1590

probable1596

confident1605

trustable1606

axiopistical1611

loyala1616

reposeful1627

confiding1645

fiducial1647

laudable1664

safe1667

accountable1683

serious1693

sponsible1721

dependable1730

unfailing1798

truthya1802

trustworthy1829

all right1841

stand-up1841

falsehood-free1850

right1856

proven1872

bankable1891

secure1954

a1616 W. Shakespeare Othello (1622) iv. ii. 36 Your wife my Lord, your true and loyall wife.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Cymbeline (1623) iii. ii. 46 So he wishes you all happinesse, that remaines loyall to his Vow, and your encreasing in Loue.

1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan iii. xxxv. 217 Abraham..the Father of the Faithfull; that is, of those that are loyall.

1676 J. Dryden Aureng-Zebe i. 6 Darah from Loyal Aureng-Zebe is fled.

1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis vi, in tr. Virgil Wks. 380 [There] Chast Laodamia, with Evadne, moves: Unhappy both, but loyal in their Loves.

1859 Ld. Tennyson Elaine in Idylls of King 176 Nor often loyal to his word.

1871 R. Ellis tr. Catullus Poems lxiv. 182 Nay, but a loyal lover, a hand pledg'd surely, shall ease me.

1874 J. Thomson City of Dreadful Night (1880) v. 17 A home of peace by loyal friendships cheered.

2. Faithful in allegiance to the sovereign or constituted government. Also, in later use, enthusiastically devoted or reverential to the person and family of the sovereign.Originally a contextual application of sense A. 1. As in the case of other words of similar or opposite meaning (as leal, feal; traitor, treason) the specific feudal use has in English become a distinct sense, and the one most prominent in use.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social attitudes > patriotism > [adjective] > loyal to sovereign

loyal1531

1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour Proheme sig. aij^v I..do nowe dedicate it vnto your hyghnesse [the King]..verely trustynge that your moste excellent wysedome wyll therein esteme my loyall harte and diligent endeauour.

1597 W. Shakespeare Richard II i. i. 181 A iewell in a ten times bard vp chest, Is a bold spirit in a loyall breast.

1611 Bible (King James) 2 Macc. xi. 19 If then you wil keepe your selues loyall to the state [Gk. ἐὰν μὲν οὖν συντηρήσητε τὴν εἰς τὰ πράγματα εὔνοιαν].

a1616 W. Shakespeare King John (1623) ii. i. 271 He that proues the King To him will we proue loyall .

1620 J. Wilkinson Treat. Statutes conc. Coroners & Sherifes (new ed.) 3 That all coroners..should be chosen..of the most convenientest and most loialst people that may be found in the said counties.

a1677 I. Barrow Of Contentm. (1685) 269 He must reign over us, if not as over loyal Subjects to our comfort, yet as over stubborn Rebels to our confusion.

1702 J. Dennis Monument xxxvi. 76 His loyal'st Subjects too divided were.

1785 W. Cowper Task vi. 661 The simple clerk, but loyal,..did rear right merrily, two staves, Sung to the praise and glory of King George.

1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. II. vii. 209 The king pressed them, as they were loyal gentlemen, to gratify him.

1887 Ld. Tennyson Jubilee Q. Victoria iv And in each let a multitude Loyal, each, to the heart of it,..Hail the fair Ceremonial Of this year of her Jubilee.

1897 W. Laurier Speech in Daily News 5 July 4/3 We [sc. French Canadians] are loyal because we are free.

3. Of things, actions, etc.: Characterized by or exhibiting loyalty; loyal toast, a toast proposed and drunk (in the U.K. and British Commonwealth) to the monarch or (elsewhere) to some other important personage.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > drink > drinking > [noun] > drinking intoxicating liquor > drinking to each other or toasting > a toast

wassailc1275

proface1586

pledge1594

carouse1599

fathom health1600

skol1600

health1602

pitcher-praise1654

toast1746

hob-nob1761

loyal toast1799

salamander1868

ganbei1940

1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. xlv. 1209 They had received great helpe at his hands in the Punick warre by his valiant and loiall service.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Twelfth Night (1623) i. v. 259 Ol. Why, what would you? Vio... Write loyall Cantons of contemned loue.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Merry Wives of Windsor (1623) v. v. 63 Each faire Instalment, Coate, and seu'rall Crest, With loyall Blazon, euermore be blest.

1799 Times 1 June 3/4 Many Loyal Toasts were given, and the day spent with great conviviality.

1802 W. Wordsworth Is it a Reed that's Shaken in Sonn. to Liberty A seemly reverence may be paid to power; But that's a loyal virtue, never sown In haste.

1836 C. Dickens Sketches by Boz 1st Ser. I. 296 The other ‘loyal and patriotic’ toasts having been drunk with all due enthusiasm.

1858 Illustr. News of World 12 June 300/3 All the loyal toasts were proposed and drunk with ‘Highland honours’—a kind of demonstration which the polite reader may think somewhat ludicrous..since it consists of putting one leg on a chair and another on the table, elevating the right hand to its utmost stretch, and ‘draining the wine cup to the very dregs’.

1872 J. S. Blackie Lays of Highlands 67 For strong men who knew to do and dare I drop the loyal tear.

1970 M. Kelly Spinifex xi. 166 ‘Gentlemen—’ Matsuda barked.. ‘The Loyal Toast!’

1972 Guardian 9 May 15/4 It was the most miserable meal I have ever presided over, and I had not the heart to propose the Loyal Toast at the end.

1974 Guardian 25 Jan. 10/4 The time was come for toasts and speeches. After the Loyal Toast, Blackadder clipped his cigar.

†4. = legal adj. in certain senses.

a. Of a child: Legitimate. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinsman or relation > child > relationship to parent > [adjective] > legitimate

full-bornlOE

born in (or under or out of) wedlockc1275

kindlya1300

mulierc1400

legitimatea1464

mulieryc1475

lawfulc1480

naturala1500

mulierly1506

lawfully1512

native1567

loyal1608

lineala1616

full-begotten1636

(on) the right side of the blanket1842

1608 W. Shakespeare King Lear vi. 84 Loyall and naturall boy.

1660 E. Waterhouse Disc. Arms & Armory 34 Cognizance is taken..of what House Gentlemen are, from what branch of that House, whether loyall or spurious.

b. Of money: Genuine, legally current. Of goods: Of the legal standard of quality. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > merchandise > [adjective] > condition or quality of goods

middling1550

pedlaryc1555

shop-rid1620

shopworn1666

loyal1690

braided1721

country-damaged1847

shop-soiled1865

shoddy1882

as new1898

low-end1899

service weight1919

designer1940

high-end1956

loaded1968

market-leading1972

pound shop1989

1690 J. Child Disc. Trade viii. 131 Our Laws that oblige our People to the making of strong, substantial (and, as we call it, Loyal) Cloth of a certain length.

5. Manège. (See quot. 1727; cf. French cheval loyal, bouche loyale.) ? Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1727 N. Bailey Universal Etymol. Eng. Dict. II. (at cited word) A Horse is said to be loyal, who freely bends all his Force in obeying and performing any manage he is put to; and does not..resist, altho' he is ill treated. Loyal Mouth [of a Horse]..of the Nature of such Mouths, as are usually called Mouths with a full rest upon the Hand.

B. n. plural.

†a. Those who are bound by allegiance; liege subjects. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > subjection > [noun] > one subject to authority > and owing allegiance > collectively

lithc1300

loyal?c1550

merry man1874

?c1550 tr. P. Vergil Eng. Hist. (1846) I. 177 After the forthe yeare of his [Ethelbertus'] reigne he was semblabie murthered of his owne loyals.

1602 R. Carew Surv. Cornwall ii. f. 97 Being destitute of horses and treasure, he [Earl Richard] prayed therein ayde of his loyals.

b. Loyal subjects, as opposed to disaffected persons.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social attitudes > patriotism > [noun] > loyalty to sovereign > people

loyal1885

1885 Fortn. Rev. Oct. 604 From the Diamond Fields alone a large contingent of loyals can always be reckoned upon.

1887 H. R. Haggard Jess xxvii. 262 Whoever says that the English have given up the country..and deserted its subjects and the loyals and the natives, is a liar.

Compounds

loyal-hearted adj.

ΘΚΠ

society > morality > duty or obligation > recognition of duty > faithfulness or trustworthiness > fidelity or loyalty > [adjective]

holdc893

trueOE

leala1300

truefula1350

faithfula1375

true-hearted1465

liege1478

well-wishing1548

allegiant1556

vowed1560

lewtifull1563

whole-chested1576

devotious1583

devote1597

loyal-hearted1599

devoted1600

resolved1600

real1639

fidelious1650

liegeful1872

1599 Warning for Faire Women i. 468 To his wife, in all this city, none More kind, more loyal-hearted.

1850 Ld. Tennyson In Memoriam cviii. 169 On thee the loyal-hearted hung.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1903; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	loyal
释义	loyaladj.n. Brit. /ˈlɔɪəl/, U.S. /ˈlɔɪ(ə)l/ Forms: Also 1500s–1600s loyall, 1600s loial(l. Etymology: < French loyal, Old French loial, leial, semi-popular < Latin lēgāl-em (see legal adj. and n.), < lēg- , lēx law. Compare leal adj. A. adj. 1. True to obligations of duty, love, etc.; faithful to plighted troth. ΘΚΠ society > morality > duty or obligation > recognition of duty > faithfulness or trustworthiness > [adjective] soothfastc825 truefastOE i-treowec1000 unfakenOE trueOE sickerc1100 trigc1175 strustya1250 steel to the (very) backa1300 true as steela1300 certainc1325 well-provedc1325 surec1330 traistc1330 tristc1330 trustya1350 faithfula1382 veryc1385 sada1387 discreet1387 trust1389 trothfulc1390 tristya1400 proveda1425 good-heartedc1425 well-trusted?a1439 tristfulc1440 authorizablea1475 faithworthy?1526 tentik1534 fidele1539 truthfulc1550 suresby1553 responsible1558 trestc1560 reliable1569 cocksurea1575 sound1581 trustful1582 truepenny1589 true (also good, sure) as touch1590 probable1596 confident1605 trustable1606 axiopistical1611 loyala1616 reposeful1627 confiding1645 fiducial1647 laudable1664 safe1667 accountable1683 serious1693 sponsible1721 dependable1730 unfailing1798 truthya1802 trustworthy1829 all right1841 stand-up1841 falsehood-free1850 right1856 proven1872 bankable1891 secure1954 a1616 W. Shakespeare Othello (1622) iv. ii. 36 Your wife my Lord, your true and loyall wife. View more context for this quotation a1616 W. Shakespeare Cymbeline (1623) iii. ii. 46 So he wishes you all happinesse, that remaines loyall to his Vow, and your encreasing in Loue. View more context for this quotation 1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan iii. xxxv. 217 Abraham..the Father of the Faithfull; that is, of those that are loyall. 1676 J. Dryden Aureng-Zebe i. 6 Darah from Loyal Aureng-Zebe is fled. 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis vi, in tr. Virgil Wks. 380 [There] Chast Laodamia, with Evadne, moves: Unhappy both, but loyal in their Loves. 1859 Ld. Tennyson Elaine in Idylls of King 176 Nor often loyal to his word. 1871 R. Ellis tr. Catullus Poems lxiv. 182 Nay, but a loyal lover, a hand pledg'd surely, shall ease me. 1874 J. Thomson City of Dreadful Night (1880) v. 17 A home of peace by loyal friendships cheered. 2. Faithful in allegiance to the sovereign or constituted government. Also, in later use, enthusiastically devoted or reverential to the person and family of the sovereign.Originally a contextual application of sense A. 1. As in the case of other words of similar or opposite meaning (as leal, feal; traitor, treason) the specific feudal use has in English become a distinct sense, and the one most prominent in use. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social attitudes > patriotism > [adjective] > loyal to sovereign loyal1531 1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour Proheme sig. aij^v I..do nowe dedicate it vnto your hyghnesse [the King]..verely trustynge that your moste excellent wysedome wyll therein esteme my loyall harte and diligent endeauour. 1597 W. Shakespeare Richard II i. i. 181 A iewell in a ten times bard vp chest, Is a bold spirit in a loyall breast. 1611 Bible (King James) 2 Macc. xi. 19 If then you wil keepe your selues loyall to the state [Gk. ἐὰν μὲν οὖν συντηρήσητε τὴν εἰς τὰ πράγματα εὔνοιαν]. a1616 W. Shakespeare King John (1623) ii. i. 271 He that proues the King To him will we proue loyall . View more context for this quotation 1620 J. Wilkinson Treat. Statutes conc. Coroners & Sherifes (new ed.) 3 That all coroners..should be chosen..of the most convenientest and most loialst people that may be found in the said counties. a1677 I. Barrow Of Contentm. (1685) 269 He must reign over us, if not as over loyal Subjects to our comfort, yet as over stubborn Rebels to our confusion. 1702 J. Dennis Monument xxxvi. 76 His loyal'st Subjects too divided were. 1785 W. Cowper Task vi. 661 The simple clerk, but loyal,..did rear right merrily, two staves, Sung to the praise and glory of King George. 1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. II. vii. 209 The king pressed them, as they were loyal gentlemen, to gratify him. 1887 Ld. Tennyson Jubilee Q. Victoria iv And in each let a multitude Loyal, each, to the heart of it,..Hail the fair Ceremonial Of this year of her Jubilee. 1897 W. Laurier Speech in Daily News 5 July 4/3 We [sc. French Canadians] are loyal because we are free. 3. Of things, actions, etc.: Characterized by or exhibiting loyalty; loyal toast, a toast proposed and drunk (in the U.K. and British Commonwealth) to the monarch or (elsewhere) to some other important personage. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > drink > drinking > [noun] > drinking intoxicating liquor > drinking to each other or toasting > a toast wassailc1275 proface1586 pledge1594 carouse1599 fathom health1600 skol1600 health1602 pitcher-praise1654 toast1746 hob-nob1761 loyal toast1799 salamander1868 ganbei1940 1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. xlv. 1209 They had received great helpe at his hands in the Punick warre by his valiant and loiall service. a1616 W. Shakespeare Twelfth Night (1623) i. v. 259 Ol. Why, what would you? Vio... Write loyall Cantons of contemned loue. a1616 W. Shakespeare Merry Wives of Windsor (1623) v. v. 63 Each faire Instalment, Coate, and seu'rall Crest, With loyall Blazon, euermore be blest. View more context for this quotation 1799 Times 1 June 3/4 Many Loyal Toasts were given, and the day spent with great conviviality. 1802 W. Wordsworth Is it a Reed that's Shaken in Sonn. to Liberty A seemly reverence may be paid to power; But that's a loyal virtue, never sown In haste. 1836 C. Dickens Sketches by Boz 1st Ser. I. 296 The other ‘loyal and patriotic’ toasts having been drunk with all due enthusiasm. 1858 Illustr. News of World 12 June 300/3 All the loyal toasts were proposed and drunk with ‘Highland honours’—a kind of demonstration which the polite reader may think somewhat ludicrous..since it consists of putting one leg on a chair and another on the table, elevating the right hand to its utmost stretch, and ‘draining the wine cup to the very dregs’. 1872 J. S. Blackie Lays of Highlands 67 For strong men who knew to do and dare I drop the loyal tear. 1970 M. Kelly Spinifex xi. 166 ‘Gentlemen—’ Matsuda barked.. ‘The Loyal Toast!’ 1972 Guardian 9 May 15/4 It was the most miserable meal I have ever presided over, and I had not the heart to propose the Loyal Toast at the end. 1974 Guardian 25 Jan. 10/4 The time was come for toasts and speeches. After the Loyal Toast, Blackadder clipped his cigar. †4. = legal adj. in certain senses. a. Of a child: Legitimate. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinsman or relation > child > relationship to parent > [adjective] > legitimate full-bornlOE born in (or under or out of) wedlockc1275 kindlya1300 mulierc1400 legitimatea1464 mulieryc1475 lawfulc1480 naturala1500 mulierly1506 lawfully1512 native1567 loyal1608 lineala1616 full-begotten1636 (on) the right side of the blanket1842 1608 W. Shakespeare King Lear vi. 84 Loyall and naturall boy. View more context for this quotation 1660 E. Waterhouse Disc. Arms & Armory 34 Cognizance is taken..of what House Gentlemen are, from what branch of that House, whether loyall or spurious. b. Of money: Genuine, legally current. Of goods: Of the legal standard of quality. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > merchandise > [adjective] > condition or quality of goods middling1550 pedlaryc1555 shop-rid1620 shopworn1666 loyal1690 braided1721 country-damaged1847 shop-soiled1865 shoddy1882 as new1898 low-end1899 service weight1919 designer1940 high-end1956 loaded1968 market-leading1972 pound shop1989 1690 J. Child Disc. Trade viii. 131 Our Laws that oblige our People to the making of strong, substantial (and, as we call it, Loyal) Cloth of a certain length. 5. Manège. (See quot. 1727; cf. French cheval loyal, bouche loyale.) ? Obsolete. ΚΠ 1727 N. Bailey Universal Etymol. Eng. Dict. II. (at cited word) A Horse is said to be loyal, who freely bends all his Force in obeying and performing any manage he is put to; and does not..resist, altho' he is ill treated. Loyal Mouth [of a Horse]..of the Nature of such Mouths, as are usually called Mouths with a full rest upon the Hand. B. n. plural. †a. Those who are bound by allegiance; liege subjects. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > authority > subjection > [noun] > one subject to authority > and owing allegiance > collectively lithc1300 loyal?c1550 merry man1874 ?c1550 tr. P. Vergil Eng. Hist. (1846) I. 177 After the forthe yeare of his [Ethelbertus'] reigne he was semblabie murthered of his owne loyals. 1602 R. Carew Surv. Cornwall ii. f. 97 Being destitute of horses and treasure, he [Earl Richard] prayed therein ayde of his loyals. b. Loyal subjects, as opposed to disaffected persons. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social attitudes > patriotism > [noun] > loyalty to sovereign > people loyal1885 1885 Fortn. Rev. Oct. 604 From the Diamond Fields alone a large contingent of loyals can always be reckoned upon. 1887 H. R. Haggard Jess xxvii. 262 Whoever says that the English have given up the country..and deserted its subjects and the loyals and the natives, is a liar. Compounds loyal-hearted adj. ΘΚΠ society > morality > duty or obligation > recognition of duty > faithfulness or trustworthiness > fidelity or loyalty > [adjective] holdc893 trueOE leala1300 truefula1350 faithfula1375 true-hearted1465 liege1478 well-wishing1548 allegiant1556 vowed1560 lewtifull1563 whole-chested1576 devotious1583 devote1597 loyal-hearted1599 devoted1600 resolved1600 real1639 fidelious1650 liegeful1872 1599 Warning for Faire Women i. 468 To his wife, in all this city, none More kind, more loyal-hearted. 1850 Ld. Tennyson In Memoriam cviii. 169 On thee the loyal-hearted hung. View more context for this quotation This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1903; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.n.1531
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