losev.¹

Brit.

/luːz/, U.S.

/luz/

Forms: Old English losian, Middle English losie(n, Middle English Scottish loyse, Middle English–1500s losse, Scottish lois(s, Middle English, Scottish1500s– loss, Middle English–1700s loose, 1500s Scottish los, loce, ( loase, 1600s loze), Middle English– lose. past tense Old English losode, losade, Old English–Middle English losede, Middle English Scottish losit, Middle English–1500s loste, Scottish lossit, lossyt, 1500s Scottish loissit, loussit, (1600s loosed, losed), Middle English– lost. past participle Old English (ge)losod, (ge)losad, Middle English ilosed, iloset, Middle English ilost, Middle English losed, Middle English i-, ylost(e, Middle English–1500s loste, (Scottish losit, losyt, Middle English–1500s loissit, lossit, lossyt, 1500s loist, loseit, 1600s loissed), Middle English– lost.

Etymology: Old English losian , < los loss n.¹, used almost exclusively intransitively (sense 1); sometimes with indirect object in dative, as me losode hit = I lost it. The transitive use, which occurs twice in Old Northumbrian and appears in general use early in 13th cent., seems to have arisen partly from interchange of function between the indirect object and the subject where these were not distinguishable by case-form (compare like v.¹, loathe v.), and partly from the perfect conjugated with be (Old English hit is gelosod = it is lost), which admits of being apprehended as passive. The later sense-development of the verb has been influenced by the cognate leese v.¹, with which it became synonymous, and which it in the end superseded. The regular modern English pronunciation representing Old English losian would be /ləʊz/; the standard English pronunciation /luːz/ seems to be due to association with loose v., which in some contexts (e.g. to loose hold) closely approaches this verb in meaning. Many dialects have the phonetic form normally descending from the Old English verb. The Scottish form loss is probably evolved from the past tense and past participle lost.

†1. intransitive. To perish; also, to be lost or missing.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > destroy [verb (intransitive)] > be destroyed, ruined, or come to an end

losec888

fallOE

forlesea1225

perishc1275

spilla1300

to go to wreche13..

to go to the gatec1330

to go to lostc1374

miscarryc1387

quenchc1390

to bring unto, to fall into, to go, put, or work to wrakea1400

mischieve?a1400

tinea1400

to go to the devilc1405

bursta1450

untwindc1460

to make shipwreck1526

to go to (the) pot1531

to go to wreck (and ruin)a1547

wrake1570

wracka1586

to hop (also tip, pitch over, drop off, etc.) the perch1587

to lie in the dusta1591

mischief1598

to go (etc.) to rack (and ruin)1599

shipwreck1607

suffera1616

unravel1643

to fall off1684

tip (over) the perch1699

to do away with1769

to go to the dickens1833

collapse1838

to come (also go) a mucker1851

mucker1862

to go up1864

to go to squash1889

to go (to) stramash1910

to go for a burton1941

to meet one's Makera1978

society > faith > aspects of faith > spirituality > reprobation > suffer reprobation [verb (intransitive)]

losec888

leesec1175

perishc1275

to go to supper with the devil1529

damn1620

c888 Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. xxxi. §2 Swa swa seo beo sceal losian þon heo hwæt irringa stingð.

c897 K. Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care xxx. 205 Ðætte nu foraldod is ðæt is forneah losad.

a1175 Cott. Hom. 245 Forþan þe ic imete mi sceap þe me losede.

c1175 Lamb. Hom. 117 Þenne losiað fele saulen.

c1400 (?c1380) Pearl l. 907 Þer lyuez lyste may neuer lose.

†2.

a. transitive. To destroy, ruin, bring to destruction or perdition; to be the ruin of. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > destroy [verb (transitive)] > devastate or lay waste (a place, etc.)

harryc893

fordoc900

awesteeOE

westeeOE

losec950

harrowc1000

destroyc1230

wastec1275

ravishc1325

to lie waste1338

exilea1382

to-wastea1382

unronea1400

desolatea1425

vast1434

fruster?a1513

to lay waste1535

wipe1535

devast1537

depopulate1548

populate1552

forwaste1563

ruinate1564

havoc1575

scourge1576

dispopulate1588

destitute1593

ravage1602

harassa1618

devastate1638

execute1679

to make stroy of1682

to lay in ashes1711

untown1783

hell-rake1830

uncity1850

c950 Lindisf. Gosp. Luke xvii. 27 And cuom Þæt flod & losade vel spilde alle.

c1380 Eng. Wycliffite Serm. in Sel. Wks. I. 49 Þe kyng..sent his ostis and loste þese mansleeris.

c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness l. 909 Alle þe londe with þise ledez we losen at-onez.

c1450 Jacob's Well (1900) 23 Þou schalt haue als manye peynes as þou hast loste soules!

1484 W. Caxton tr. G. de la Tour-Landry Bk. Knight of Tower (1971) lxxxiiii. 114 The fyre sprang oute and loste his hand.

1538 J. Bale Tragedye Promyses God (1744) ii. 11 Lose hym not yet, Lorde, though he hath depely sworved.

1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet iii. ii. 186 What to our selues in passion we propose, The passion ending, doth the purpose lose .

1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. i. iii. 102 Least heat, wet, wind, should rost, or rot or lose-it.

1628 tr. P. Matthieu Powerfull Favorite 122 (margin) We ought not proudly to despise prodegies, this neglect lost Alexander.

b. To ruin in estimation. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > damage to reputation > detract from [verb (transitive)] > ruin reputation of

to crack credit1567

blast1607

lose1608

1608 W. Shakespeare King Lear i. 224 Such a tongue, As I am glad I haue not, though not to haue it, Hath lost me in your liking.

1677 C. Sedley Antony & Cleopatra v. i. 57 'Twas I that lost you in each Roman mind.

1882 J. C. Morison Macaulay 44 His want of aspiration..has lost him in the opinion of many readers.

c. passive. To be brought to destruction, ruin, or misery; to perish; to be killed; in a spiritual sense (of the soul), to be damned. Of a ship, its crew, passengers, or cargo: To perish at sea.

ΚΠ

c897 [see sense 1].

c1325 in T. Wright Specimens Lyric Poetry (1842) xxxvi. 99 Ichabbe be losed mony a day.

c1366 G. Chaucer A.B.C. 152 I am wounded..Þat j am lost almost.

c1397 G. Chaucer Lack Stedf. 7 Al is loste for lac of stedfastnesse.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Fairf. 14) l. 6006 Dede & loste was al þaire fe.

1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) v. l. 507 I trow nocht ȝeit at Wallace losyt be. Our clerkys sayis he sall ger mony de.

c1515 Ld. Berners tr. Bk. Duke Huon of Burdeux (1882–7) xxi. 63 Yf ye speke to hym ye are lost for euer.

a1533 Ld. Berners tr. A. de Guevara Golden Bk. M. Aurelius (1546) sig. E.vii^v To play at the tables and dice with suche as be lost and naught.

1604 E. Grimeston tr. J. de Acosta Nat. & Morall Hist. Indies v. i. 332 By this meanes God is dishonoured, and man lost in all parts by idolatry.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Tempest (1623) i. i. 49 All lost, to prayers, to prayers, all lost.

1713 J. Addison Cato iv. i. 46 The Woman that Deliberates is lost.

1781 W. Cowper Truth 479 And is the soul indeed so lost!

1798 Monthly Mag. 6 437 (Scotticisms) Poor man, he was lost in the river; drowned.

1817 W. Selwyn Abridgem. Law Nisi Prius (ed. 4) II. 921 The property insured was lost.

1861 J. A. Alexander Gospel Jesus Christ xiii. 182 You are not in danger of perdition, but are lost already.

1885 Law Times Rep. 53 60/2 The vessel..sank in a short time, all hands being lost.

3. To incur the privation of (something that one possesses or has control of); to part with through negligence or misadventure; to be deprived of.

a. with object a material or immaterial possession, lands, goods, a right, quality, etc. †occasionally with away, up, (? U.S. rare) out.

ΚΠ

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 14552 Þus losede Bruttes al þas kine-londes.

c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. (1810) 272 Þou losis þi dignite.

1427–8 in Hist. MSS Comm.: 10th Rep.: App. Pt. V: MSS Marquis of Ormonde &c. (1885) 295 in Parl. Papers (C. 4576-I) XLII. 1 The accusere shal losse his fraunches for ever.

a1470 Gregory in Hist. Coll. Citizen London (Camden) 189 That same yere was the most pa[r]te of Normandy y-loste.

14.. Childe of Bristowe 402 in W. C. Hazlitt Remains Early Pop. Poetry Eng. (1864) I. 125 Thu has played atte dice,..and lost up, sone, that thu had.

a1533 Ld. Berners tr. Arthur of Brytayn (?1560) iii. sig. Aii He lost away & wasted..his londes and goodes.

1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. ii. 66 In all, the Christians loosed but eleuen Gallies.

1779 W. Cowper Yearly Distress 55 One talks..of pigs that he has lost By maggots at the tail.

1869 H. Bushnell Serm. for New Life (new ed.) viii. 110 The child brought up a thief gets an infinite power of cunning..and loses out just as much in the power of true perception.

1878 S. Walpole Hist. Eng. II. 458 Sir Joseph Yorke told him that he would lose his place if he did not keep his temper.

b. with object a limb, a faculty, one's life, etc. to lose one's head: see head n.¹ Phrases 4j. to lose heart: to become discouraged. to lose one's heart: see heart n. 10a. †to lose one's breath: to die. to lose one's legs (slang): to get drunk. to lose one's nerve (nerve n. 14): to become scared, uneasy. to lose sleep over (or about, for), etc., something): to worry about (something) (usually in negative contexts).

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > death > [verb (intransitive)]

forsweltc888

sweltc888

adeadeOE

deadc950

wendeOE

i-wite971

starveOE

witea1000

forfereOE

forthfareOE

forworthc1000

to go (also depart , pass, i-wite, chare) out of this worldOE

queleOE

fallOE

to take (also nim, underfo) (the) deathOE

to shed (one's own) blood?a1100

diec1135

endc1175

farec1175

to give up the ghostc1175

letc1200

aswelta1250

leavea1250

to-sweltc1275

to-worthc1275

to yield (up) the ghost (soul, breath, life, spirit)c1290

finea1300

spilla1300

part?1316

to leese one's life-daysa1325

to nim the way of deathc1325

to tine, leave, lose the sweatc1330

flit1340

trance1340

determinec1374

disperisha1382

to go the way of all the eartha1382

to be gathered to one's fathers1382

miscarryc1387

shut1390

goa1393

to die upa1400

expirea1400

fleea1400

to pass awaya1400

to seek out of lifea1400–50

to sye hethena1400

tinea1400

trespass14..

espirec1430

to end one's days?a1439

decease1439

to go away?a1450

ungoc1450

unlivec1450

to change one's lifea1470

vade1495

depart1501

to pay one's debt to (also the debt of) naturea1513

to decease this world1515

to go over?1520

jet1530

vade1530

to go westa1532

to pick over the perch1532

galpa1535

to die the death1535

to depart to God1548

to go home1561

mort1568

inlaikc1575

shuffle1576

finish1578

to hop (also tip, pitch over, drop off, etc.) the perch1587

relent1587

unbreathe1589

transpass1592

to lose one's breath1596

to make a die (of it)1611

to go offa1616

fail1623

to go out1635

to peak over the percha1641

exita1652

drop1654

to knock offa1657

to kick upa1658

to pay nature her due1657

ghost1666

to march off1693

to die off1697

pike1697

to drop off1699

tip (over) the perch1699

to pass (also go, be called, etc.) to one's reward1703

sink1718

vent1718

to launch into eternity1719

to join the majority1721

demise1727

to pack off1735

to slip one's cable1751

turf1763

to move off1764

to pop off the hooks1764

to hop off1797

to pass on1805

to go to glory1814

sough1816

to hand in one's accounts1817

to slip one's breatha1819

croak1819

to slip one's wind1819

stiffen1820

weed1824

buy1825

to drop short1826

to fall (a) prey (also victim, sacrifice) to1839

to get one's (also the) call1839

to drop (etc.) off the hooks1840

to unreeve one's lifeline1840

to step out1844

to cash, pass or send in one's checks1845

to hand in one's checks1845

to go off the handle1848

to go under1848

succumb1849

to turn one's toes up1851

to peg out1852

walk1858

snuff1864

to go or be up the flume1865

to pass outc1867

to cash in one's chips1870

to go (also pass over) to the majority1883

to cash in1884

to cop it1884

snuff1885

to belly up1886

perch1886

to kick the bucket1889

off1890

to knock over1892

to pass over1897

to stop one1901

to pass in1904

to hand in one's marble1911

the silver cord is loosed1911

pip1913

to cross over1915

conk1917

to check out1921

to kick off1921

to pack up1925

to step off1926

to take the ferry1928

peg1931

to meet one's Maker1933

to kiss off1935

to crease it1959

zonk1968

cark1977

to cark it1979

to take a dirt nap1981

the mind > mental capacity > expectation > despair, hopelessness > despair [verb (intransitive)] > lose heart

to lose heart1544

despond1655

to lose heart1741

demoralize1838

the world > food and drink > drink > thirst > excess in drinking > [verb (intransitive)] > get drunk

drunkenc1000

to wash one's face in an ale clout1550

to shoe the goose, gosling1566

to catch, hunt the fox1599

to swallow a tavern-token1601

to read Geneva print1608

to whip the cat1622

inebriate1626

to hunt a tavern-fox1635

fox1649

mug1653

to fuddle one's cap or nose1663

to lose one's legs1770

gin1789

stone1858

to beer up1884

slop1899

to get, have, tie a bun on1901

shicker1906

souse1921

lush1926

to cop a reeler1937

to tie one on1951

the mind > emotion > fear > nervousness or uneasiness > be nervous or uneasy [verb (intransitive)] > lose one's nerve

to lose one's nerve1912

bug1952

to lose one's bottle1958

bottle1977

to bottle it1988

the mind > emotion > fear > nervousness or uneasiness > be nervous or uneasy (about) [verb (transitive)] > worry about something

to lose sleep over (or about, for)1942

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 12935 Hire lif heo losede sone.

c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness l. 586 If he has losed the lysten.

a1470 T. Malory Morte Darthur (Winch. Coll. 13) (1990) I. 143 Sir Arthure loste so muche bloode that hit was mervayle he stoode on his feete.

?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1879) VII. 315 Makynge a statute that whosoever toke a beste þer scholde lose oon eie.

15.. in Lett. Royal & Illustrious Ladies (1846) II. 4 She was like to have lost her mind.

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 429/2 I am spechelesse, as a sycke body is that hath lost the use of his speche.

1596 B. Griffin Fidessa vi. sig. B3^v Oh better were I loose ten thousand breaths, Then euer liue in such vnseene disgrace.

1597 F. Bacon Of Coulers Good & Euill (Arb.) 152 As to a monoculos it is more to loose one eye, then to a man that hath two eyes.

1671 J. Milton Samson Agonistes 914 Though sight be lost, Life yet hath many solaces.

1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 60. ¶4 In a little Time after he lost his Senses.

1741 J. Ozell tr. P. de B. de Brantôme Spanish Rhodomontades 186 As soon as They were dead, every one lost Heart, having lost their Chief Supports.

1749 G. Lavington Enthusiasm Methodists & Papists: Pt. II 46 A religious Nun devoted to St. Xavier, famed for Skill in Music and a fine Voice, had her Voice lost by a Hoarsness for ten Years.

1770 Gentleman's Mag. Dec. 560 To express the Condition of an Honest Fellow and no Flincher under the Effects of Good Fellowship, he is said to..[have] Lost his legs.

1804 G. Rose Diaries (1860) II. 193 She..rode to Southampton, where she lost some blood.

1852 H. B. Stowe Uncle Tom's Cabin II. xxvii. 117 She acquired an influence over the mind of the destitute child that she never lost.

1912 Chambers's Jrnl. Nov. 739/1 There's nothing here to lose one's nerve about.

1934 G. B. Shaw Too True to be Good iii. 86 When I was wounded and lost my nerve for flying, I became an army chaplain.

1942 H. C. Bailey Dead Man's Shoes iv. 19 ‘I'd like to know why you didn't tell me.’ ‘You told me not to lose any sleep over it.’

1944 ‘N. Shute’ Pastoral ii. 41 ‘I wasn't losing any sleep for them.’.. ‘Those two have been at this for years.’

1959 N. Mailer Advts. for Myself (1961) 241 It's not the sort of thing I lose sleep over.

1959 M. Pugh Chancer vii. 91 As two-faced as a cod, a proper chancer. He was a born assassin who lost his nerve.

1967 J. Porter Dover & Unkindest Cut x. 109 Dover hadn't lost any sleep over them... ‘You can't win 'em all,’ he used to say.

1971 Guardian 10 July 9/1 Stolid and conservative Midwesterners..never lost much sleep over the Negroes' troubles.

1974 Guardian 18 Mar. 6/5 Although increasing restrictions on immigration..had been criticised..it is doubtful whether the immigrants themselves have lost much sleep over them.

1975 Times 24 Feb. 14/7 You just have to get straight back on, or else you lose your nerve. The others are far more concerned with the loose horse than the girl lying face down in the dirt.

c. With object a person: To be deprived of (a relative, friend, servant, etc.) by death, by local separation, or by severance of the relationship. Also, in somewhat specific sense, of a commander, an army: To suffer loss of (men) by death, capture, wounds, etc. Of a doctor: To fail to preserve the life of (a patient). Also, to fail to give birth to (a live baby); to suffer a miscarriage of (a pregnancy), or the death of (a baby) soon after its birth (colloquial).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > loss > lose [verb (transitive)] > lose or be deprived of a person

leese?c1225

losec1275

society > armed hostility > defeat > suffer defeat [verb (transitive)] > lose (soldiers)

losec1275

to use up1785

the world > health and disease > healing > art or science of medicine > practice of healing art > practise the healing art [verb (transitive)] > fail to save patient

lose1882

the world > life > source or principle of life > birth > confinement > confine or deliver [verb (transitive)] > give birth > complications of childbirth or pregnancy

cast1477

lose1928

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 2845 Heo loseden [c1300 Otho losede] monie þusend godere monnen.

c1405 (c1385) G. Chaucer Knight's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 78 We losten alle oure housbondes at that town.

a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. v. 59 Why shuld I apon a day Loyse both my sonnes?

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 749/2 The folysshe gyrle toke on for thought as if she had loste her father she coulde have done no more.

1722 D. Defoe Moll Flanders 135 The Apprehension of losing such a Friend.

1780 Westm. Mag. 8 249 The Resolution had the good luck to come up with the Prothée..and took her without losing a man.

1842 R. Browning Waring in Bells & Pomegranates No. III: Dramatic Lyrics 10/1 How much I loved him, I find out now I've lost him.

1850 Ld. Tennyson Princess (ed. 3) 26 When we came where lies the child We lost in other years.

1880 J. T. Wheeler Short Hist. India 604 The English had lost more than 2,400 officers and men.

1882 S. Wells Ovar. & Uterine Tumours 185 He [McDowell] lost only the last of his first five cases of ovariotomy.

1883 W. D. Howells Woman's Reason (new ed.) II. xx. 176 She had lost her father, who died very suddenly a few days after he sailed.

1895 George Battles Eng. Hist. 208 While Wellington lost about 1300 men, Massena lost considerably over three times that number.

1928 E. O'Neill Strange Interlude iv. 148 He's unhappy now because he thinks he isn't able to give me a child. And I'm unhappy because I've lost my child.

1958 L. M. Uris Exodus ii. x. 253 For five consecutive years she lost children through early miscarriages.

1975 G. Bourne Pregnancy (1981) viii. 120 Pseudocyesis..occurs in some women who have lost a pregnancy or a baby.

1986 J. B. Hilton Moondrop to Murder xvi. 142 She finally gave up hope of losing her baby. She had prayed that exertion, fatigue, suspense and terror would loosen that embryo from the walls of her womb.

d. To fail to maintain (a position, a state of mind or body), e.g. to lose patience, one's temper, to lose hold, one's balance, etc. to lose ground: to fail to keep one's position; esp. figurative to decline in reputation, favour, health, etc.to lose caste: see caste n. Phrases.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > anger > irritation > be or become irritated [verb (intransitive)]

enchafec1380

fume and chafec1522

chafe1525

to fret and fume1551

rankle1582

to lose patience, one's temper1622

pique1664

to have no patience with1682

ruffle1719

to be out of the way (with)1740

echinate1792

nettle1810

to get one's dander up1831

to set up one's jay-feathers1880

hackle1935

to get off one's bike1939

the world > action or operation > adversity > be in adversity [verb (intransitive)] > fall from prosperous or thriving condition

afalleOE

wanec1000

fallOE

ebba1420

to go backward?a1425

to go down?1440

decay1483

sink?a1513

delapsea1530

reel1529

decline1530

to go backwards1562

rue1576

droop1577

ruina1600

set1607

lapse1641

to lose ground1647

to go to pigs and whistles1794

to come (also go) down in the world1819

to peg out1852

to lose hold, one's balance1877

to go under1879

toboggan1887

slip1930

to turn down1936

c1436 Libel Eng. Policy in Pol. Poems (Rolls) II. 189 In that land..we lesse every yere More grounde and more.]

a1470 T. Malory Morte Darthur (Winch. Coll. 13) (1990) I. 143 But allwayes he helde up his shelde and loste no grounde nother batyd no chere.

a1586 Sir P. Sidney Arcadia (1590) i. vi. sig. E3 At length, the left winge of the Arcadians began to loose ground.

1622 J. Mabbe tr. M. Alemán Rogue ii. 53 How had they almost made me to lose my patience, and my judgement!

1640 tr. G. S. du Verdier Love & Armes Greeke Princes i. xvi. 68 They brake their staves bravely, without losing their saddles.

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost vi. 838 They astonisht all resistance lost, All courage.

1712 W. Rogers Cruising Voy. 291 A Current setting to Leeward, we rather lost than got ground.

1775 S. Johnson Let. II. 224 [Quoting Johnson, 13 June (1992)] Boswel is a favourite, but he has lost ground, since I told them that he is married.

1782 J. Priestley Hist. Corruptions Christianity I. iv. 379 Those suspicions were not likely to lose ground.

1843 C. Dickens Martin Chuzzlewit (1844) xi. 137 Chuffey boggled over his plate so long, that Mr. Jonas, losing patience, took it from him at last.

1877 C. H. Spurgeon Serm. XXIII. 320 He has lost caste and lost all ground of glorying.

e. occasionally To cease to have, to get rid of (something undesirable, e.g. an ailment).

ΚΠ

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost ii. 607 To loose In sweet forgetfulness all pain and woe.

1677 Lady Chaworth in 12th Rep. Royal Comm. Hist. MSS (1890) App. v. 42 The Dutchesse hath had an ague in her lyeing inne but hath soone lost it.

1742 W. Collins Persian Eclogues ii. 14 Go teach my Heart, to lose its painful Fears.

1859 Mrs. Trevelyan Let. in G. O. Trevelyan Life & Lett. Macaulay (1876) II. xv. 477 Never, as long as I live, can I lose the sense of misery that I ever left him after Christmas day.

a1903 Mod. I have not yet lost my rheumatism.

f. Of a thing: To be deprived of or part with (a portion of itself, a quality, or appurtenance). Also with off.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > loss > lose [verb (transitive)] > lose a portion of itself or a quality (of things)

losec1330

lose1902

c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. (1810) 221 Þe day lost his coloure, & mirk was as þe nyght.

c1405 (c1395) G. Chaucer Franklin's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 308 Til that the brighte sonne loste his hewe.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Merry Wives of Windsor (1623) v. v. 218 This deceit looses the name of craft.

1645 J. Milton On Christ's Nativity: Hymn ix, in Poems 6 The Air such pleasure loth to lose, With thousand echo's still prolongs each heav'nly close.

1785 W. Cowper Task i. 648 And have thy joys Lost nothing by comparison with ours?

1874 2nd Rep. Vermont State Board Agric. 1873–4 717 I think that tin buckets are preferable for catching sap to wooden ones, as they..have no hoops to lose off.

1881 J. Le Conte Sight 51 When..the hypermetropic eye loses its power of adjustment.

1894 H. Caine Manxman iv. x. 233 Her household duties had lost their interest.

1906 Dial. Notes 3 145 A wheel lost off as they were driving to town.

†g. with cognate object, to lose a loss. Also, to lose (= incur) a fine. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > loss > be lost [verb (intransitive)] > suffer loss

losec1230

leesec1300

tine1340

to lose a loss1498

vary1532

sweat1533

to be shorn1740

society > authority > punishment > fine > [verb (intransitive)] > incur a fine

to be in mercyc1325

finec1325

to lose (= incur) a fine1498

forfeit1727

1498 Old City Acct. Bk. in Archæol. Jrnl. (1886) 43 Item for a fyne lost by John Stone..xxd.

1525 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles II. xxxvii. 109 The countrey of Bierne this hundred yere neuer loste suche a losse.

a1542 T. Wyatt Coll. Poems (1969) 95 Graunt theim, goode lorde,..To frete inward for losing such a losse.

1614 S. Ward Let. in R. Parr Life J. Usher (1686) Coll. xiii. 33 We have lost..a great loss by Mr. Casaubon's untimely decease.

†h. with infinitive: To be deprived of the power or opportunity (of doing something). Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > loss > lose [verb (transitive)] > lose power or opportunity of doing

lose1616

1616 B. Jonson Forrest xiii. 4 in Wks. I What th' haue lost t' expect, they dare deride.

1671 J. Milton Paradise Regain'd i. 377 Though I have lost..To be belov'd of God, I have not lost To love.

i. The passive is often used without any reference to a determinate person or thing as ‘losing’; e.g. (of an art, etc.) to cease to be known or practised; (of a quality, etc.) to cease to be present. Cf. lost adj.

ΚΠ

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost xii. 429 This God-like act Annuls thy doom, the death thou shouldst have dy'd, In sin for ever lost from life.

1670 J. Ray Coll. Eng. Prov. 117 It's not lost that comes at last. All is not lost that is in danger.

1700 J. Dryden Fables Pref. sig. *D^v The Name of its Author being wholly lost.

1722 J. Quincy Lexicon Physico-medicum (ed. 2) 264/1 In all Percussions the Stroke is proportional to the Force lost.

1779 S. Johnson Cowley in Pref. Wks. Eng. Poets I. 153 If what he thinks be true, that his numbers are unmusical only when they are ill read, the art of reading them is at present lost.

1842 Ld. Tennyson Morte d'Arthur in Poems (new ed.) II. 8 Surely a precious thing,..Should thus be lost for ever from the earth.

1870 M. Arnold St. Paul & Protestantism 160 From which [chapters] Paul's whole theology, if all his other writings were lost, might be reconstructed.

1897 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. IV. 818 The quality of the voice may be unaltered or completely lost.

j. to lose a dinner (or a meal): to vomit (what one has recently eaten).Examples are Australian and U.S.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > digestive disorders > have digestive disorder [verb (intransitive)] > vomit

spewc897

vomea1382

brake1393

perbreak?a1400

castc1440

envomish1480

parbreak1495

vomita1500

to cast the crawa1529

to cast (up), heave, spue up, vomit one's gorgea1529

galpa1535

to cast out1561

puke1586

purge1596

void1605

to jerk, shoot, whip the cat1609

rid1647

to flay the fox1653

posset1781

to shoot the cat1785

to throw up1793

throw1804

cascade1805

reject1822

yark1867

sick1924

to toss (also shoot, blow, etc.) one's cookies1927

to lose a dinner (or a meal)1941

to spew one's ring1949

chunder1950

barf1960

upchuck1960

yuck1963

ralph1966

to go for the big spit1967

vom1991

1941 S. J. Baker Pop. Dict. Austral. Slang 44 Lose a meal, to vomit up food.

1952 M. R. Rinehart Swimming Pool xxv. 227 I'm going to lose my dinner.

4. absol. or intransitive.

a. To suffer loss; to cease to possess something; to be deprived of or part with some of his or its possessions, attributes, or qualities; to become deteriorated or incur disadvantage.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > loss > be lost [verb (intransitive)] > suffer loss

losec1230

leesec1300

tine1340

to lose a loss1498

vary1532

sweat1533

to be shorn1740

c1230 Hali Meid. 41 Ha beon eauer feard for to losen [elsewhere, and here in MS. Bodl. leosen].

1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) iv. l. 336 Now want, now has, now los, now can wyn.

1611 Bible (King James) Ecclus. iii. 6 A time to get, and a time to lose .

a1616 W. Shakespeare Taming of Shrew (1623) Induct. ii. 98 Thou shalt not loose by it.

1643 J. Burroughes Expos. Hosea (1652) 75 There is nothing lost in being willing to lose for God.

1697 J. Dryden Ded. Æneis in tr. Virgil Wks. sig. f1 Thus by gaining abroad he lost at home.

1838 T. B. Macaulay Sir W. Temple in Ess. (1887) 440 He never put himself prominently before the public eye, except at conjunctures when he was almost certain to gain and could not possibly lose.

1850 Ld. Tennyson In Memoriam xxvii. 44 'Tis better to have loved and lost Than never to have loved at all.

1895 George Battles Eng. Hist. 313 Fortunately the Sikhs had lost so severely that no evil consequences followed.

1898 Folk-Lore Sept. 198 The other was undertaken by a publisher, who lost on it.

1903 N.E.D. at Lose Mod. Both armies lost heavily.

b. Of an immaterial thing: To be deprived of its power or force. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > weakness or feebleness > become weak or feeble [verb (intransitive)]

lose1794

1794 H. L. Piozzi Brit. Synonymy II. 56 Our authors plunder French comedies in vain; the humour loses and evaporates.

1900 R. J. Drummond Apost. Teaching i. 33 The words are only understood in their setting. They lose immensely when isolated.

c. Const. in, †of, with partitive sense.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > loss > lose [verb (transitive)] > lose a portion of itself or a quality (of things)

losec1330

lose1902

1642 T. Fuller Holy State iii. v. 163 Gold alwayes worn in the same purse with silver loses both of the colour and weight.

1753 A. Murphy Gray's Inn Jrnl. No. 33 These Allurements soon began to lose of their Influence.

1787 J. Hawkins Life Johnson 49 I told him it would lose of its beauty if it were so published.

1802 T. Beddoes Hygëia II. v. 54 Every muscle, steeped in a heated medium, loses of its contractility.

1902 Chambers's Jrnl. July 441/2 A bird does not gather speed when sailing in the air, as a falling stone would, neither does it lose in pace.

1913 Q. Rev. Oct. 413 As a consequence the work loses in freshness and even in clearness.

1947 Harrap's Stand. French & Eng. Dict. II. 728/2 The incident did not lose in the telling... To lose in value, in interest.

d. Originally U.S. to lose out: to be unsuccessful, to fail.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > failure or lack of success > fail or be unsuccessful [verb (intransitive)]

withsitc1330

fail1340

defaulta1382

errc1430

to fall (also go) by the wayside1526

misthrive1567

miss1599

to come bad, or no, speedc1600

shrink1608

abortivea1670

maroon1717

to flash in the pan1792

skunk1831

to go to the dickens1833

to miss fire1838

to fall flat1841

fizzle1847

to lose out1858

to fall down1873

to crap out1891

flivver1912

flop1919

skid1920

to lay an egg1929

to blow out1939

to strike out1946

bomb1963

to come (also have) a buster1968

1858 H. Bushnell Serm. for New Life ix. 176 The child brought up a thief gets an infinite power of cunning..and loses out just as much in the power of true perception.

1904 Charlotte Observer 4 Oct. 4 News comes from New York that Editor Hearst may lose out in his race for renomination as Congressman.

1909 ‘O. Henry’ Roads of Destiny iv. 66 I know you've lost out some by not having me to typewrite 'em.

1911 R. D. Saunders Col. Todhunter vii. 101 That's right where you're going to lose out, Tim.

1913 E. D. Biggers Seven Keys to Baldpate xiii. 165 But it's over, and you've lost out.

1929 Randolph (W. Va.) Enterprise 14 Mar. 4/1 Elkins rather lost out in the new deal down at Charleston.

1930 C. S. Johnson Negro in Amer. Civilization (1931) xxvi. 396 Is it not true that the Negro female is losing out in personal service? So often newspapers are specifying white in their want ads.

1942 E. Paul Narrow Street xvii. 133 Daladier made a bid for the premiership and lost out because Briand would not play ball with him.

1947 ‘G. Orwell’ Eng. People 38 The American tendency is to burden every verb with a preposition that adds nothing to its meaning (win out, lose out, face up to, etc.).

1959 Encounter Sept. 16/1 It will probably lose out in the competition.

1963 S. Douglas Years of Combat x. 251 Tracers might come whistling past one's ears, indicating all too clearly that the enemy..was on the attack. If that happened it meant that we had lost out in the preliminary tactical manoeuvrings.

1966 Listener 10 Mar. 337/2 It could be that both China and America are losing out to the Russians.

1971 Guardian 23 July 5/2 We are going to lose out unless the Government are prepared to do a tremendous public relations job for the tourist industry here.

1972 Newsweek 10 July 15/2 Rep. Bella Abzug..lost out in her bid for a second term in Congress.

1973 Times 30 June 13/6 The monstrous proliferation of redundant prepositions in the ever more popular usages ‘check up on’, ‘lose out to’, ‘meet up with’.

e. Of a clock, watch, etc.: to become slow (slow adj. 18b); to indicate a time earlier than the correct time. Also transitive, to run slow by the amount of (a specified period).

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > instruments for measuring time > clock > [verb (intransitive)] > go fast or slow

go1508

to go or run on wheels1738

to go wrong1809

gain1861

lose1861

the world > time > instruments for measuring time > clock > [verb (transitive)] > lose or gain time

get1675

lose1955

1861 Horological Jrnl. June 123/2 When the watch is in a horizontal position, the weight of the balance is supported on a single point, hence its greater freedom of motion and tendency to gain.

1870 ‘M. Twain’ in Galaxy Dec. 882/2 My beautiful new watch had run eighteen months without losing or gaining.

1917 H. E. Dudeney Amusem. in Math. 10/1 Does that watch gain or lose, and how much per hour?

1955 Oxf. Junior Encycl. VIII. 81/2 A pendulum clock with a steel rod loses 2½ seconds per day for a rise of temperature of 10°F.

1972 Which? Aug. 244 At the same time each day the amount they had gained or lost was noted, and they were wound.

a. To become, permanently or temporarily, unable to find in one's own possession or custody; to cease to know the whereabouts of (a portable object, an animal, etc.) because it has strayed or gone unawares from one's possession, or has simply been mislaid.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > loss > lose [verb (transitive)]

losec950

forgarc1175

letc1200

leese?c1225

forgoc1275

tinec1300

wanta1425

lessena1500

becosta1522

amit1525

perish1531

to make shipwreck of1588

to come short of1690

the mind > possession > loss > lose [verb (transitive)] > become unable to find

losec950

missc1175

leese?c1225

c950 Lindisf. Gosp. Luke xv. 4 gif forlorað vel losað enne of ðæm.

c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Luke xv. 4 What man of ȝou that hath an hundrid scheep, and if he hath lost oon of hem..he leeuith..nynty and nyne in desert?

c1422 T. Hoccleve Tale Jonathas 318 Y haue a fere..thow woldest it leese, As thow lostist my ryng.

1567 Compend. Bk. Godly Songs (1897) 37 My Sone was loste, and now is found.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Two Gentlemen of Verona (1623) ii. i. 21 Like a Schoole-boy that had lost his A.B.C.

1655 tr. C. Sorel Comical Hist. Francion vii. 12 We demanded if they had not taken up a Hawk which we had lost.

1718 M. Prior Dove 8 Venus wept the sad disaster Of having lost her favourite dove.

1743 J. Bulkeley & J. Cummins Voy. to South-seas 110 She told me Mr. B——n had lost his Hat.

1847 Ld. Tennyson Princess iv. 74 Since her horse was lost I left her mine.

1872 J. Morley Voltaire i. 5 Humanity had lost its title-deeds, and he had recovered them.

b. To fail to keep in sight. Also, to lose sight of (literal and figurative): see sight n.¹ Also occasionally, to cease to hear (poetic); †to fail to follow (a person) in argument (obsolete or archaic).

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > not seeing or preventing from seeing > prevent from seeing [verb (transitive)] > lose sight of

lose1589

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of ear > disordered hearing > have a hearing disorder [verb (transitive)] > lose hearing

lose1832

1589 J. Jane in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations iii. 789 The master..was afrayd his men would shape some contrarie course while he was a sleep, and so he should loose vs.

a1592 H. Smith Serm. (1637) 349 This is our life while we enjoy it, we lose it like the Sunne which flies swifter than an arrow, and yet no man perceives that it moves.

1634 T. Herbert Relation Some Yeares Trauaile 11 Wee once more got sight of the Carracke, and lost her for euer, in two houres after.

1640 J. Shirley Constant Maid iv. F2^v I cannot see i' th' darke with spectacles, And mine owne eyes ha' lost him o' the suddaine.

a1665 K. Digby Jrnl. Voy. to Mediterranean (1868) 3 If wee should chance at any time to loose each other, vpon sight againe [etc.].

1725 R. Wodrow Corr. (1843) III. 173 I thought, upon infinity, he was running into Sir Isaac Newton's notion of infinite space being the divine sensorium,..but, indeed, many times I lost him.

1832 Ld. Tennyson Dream Fair Women lxix, in Poems (new ed.) 139 Losing her carol I stood pensively.

c. To draw away from, be no longer near or among; to leave hopelessly behind in a race.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going away > go away from [verb (transitive)] > leave behind by superior speed

outrunc1460

to show (a person) a (clean or fair) pair of heels (also one's heels)1595

to have (also get) the heels of1649

to throw out1682

distance1691

to throw off1695

lose1709

to gain ground of1719

to gain from1805

1709 A. Pope Autumn in Poet. Misc.: 6th Pt. vi. 742 Here where the Mountains less'ning as they rise, Lose the low Vales, and steal into the Skies.

1748 B. Robins & R. Walter Voy. round World by Anson ii. v. 180 We did not lose them [sc. flying fish] on the coast of Brazil, till we approached the southern tropic.

1886 F. H. Doyle Reminisc. 63 Where his great stride and iron legs would have enabled him, in the language of the turf, to lose his antagonist.

†d. To fail to retain in the mind or memory; to forget. Also said of the mind or memory. to lose it that..: to forget that. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > memory > faulty recollection > recollect wrongly [verb (transitive)] > forget, cease to know

forgetc888

unremember1484

tine1513

lose1530

retire1549

unknowa1586

forlet1813

disremember1815

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 556/1 I forget, I have loste a thynge out of remembraunce.

1594 W. Shakespeare Venus & Adonis (new ed.) sig. D^v The lesson is but plaine, And once made perfect, neuer lost againe.

1600 W. Shakespeare Midsummer Night's Dream i. i. 114 Being ouer full of selfe affaires, My minde did loose it.

1612 T. Dekker If it be not Good ii. ii. 105 My memorie had quite lost you.

1623 W. Shakespeare & J. Fletcher Henry VIII ii. i. 58 Heare what I say, and then goe home and lose me.

1673 J. Milton Psalm LXXXIII in Poems (new ed.) 151 That Israels name for ever may Be lost in memory.

1703 N. Rowe Fair Penitent v. i Here let Remembrance lose our past Misfortunes.

1712 S. Sewall Diary 11 Apr. (1973) II. 685 Had quite lost it that the Meeting was at Mr. Stoddard's.

1885 M. Arnold in Contemp. Rev. Apr. 458 Who can ever lose out of his memory the roll and march of those magnificent words of prophecy?]

e. To cease to follow (the right track); also, to cease to find (traces of a person, etc.). Chiefly in to lose one's way (literal and figurative). †Of a river: To diverge from (its channel).

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > aspects of travel > travel in specific course or direction > direct (one's course, steps, etc.) [verb (transitive)] > lose (the way)

lose1530

society > travel > aspects of travel > travel in specific course or direction > direct one's course [verb (intransitive)] > miss one's way > be lost

maska1387

willc1390

mara1450

to lose one's way1530

to walk will of one's way1572

wilder1658

maroon1699

to get slewed1929

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 771/1 I wander, as one dothe that hath loste his waye.

1582 N. Lichefield tr. F. L. de Castanheda 1st Bk. Hist. Discouerie E. Indias i. viii. 20 They had willingly lost their course.

1615 G. Sandys Relation of Journey ii. 94 Nor is it a thing extraordinary for riuers to lose their channels.

1709 M. Prior Cloe Hunting 3 She lost her way, And thro' the Woods uncertain chanc'd to stray.

1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. iii. 373 Pepys and his wife, travelling in their own coach, lost their way between Newbury and Reading.

1893 Family Herald 132/1 After she had walked a little farther, she lost trail altogether.

†f. To allow to escape from one's power or influence. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > relinquishing > relinquish or give up [verb (transitive)] > part with or let go > from one's power or control

to let loose1530

losea1715

to let out of1840

a1715 Bp. G. Burnet Hist. Own Time (1724) I. 378 Instead of prevailing on the Prince, he lost him so entirely, that all his endeavours afterwards could never beget any confidence in him.

g. To let slip one's knowledge of (a language).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > memory > faulty recollection > recollect wrongly [verb (transitive)] > forget, cease to know > a language

lose1718

1718 Lady M. W. Montagu Let. 16 Mar. (1965) I. 390 I am in great danger of loseing my English.

a. To spend unprofitably or in vain; to waste, get no return or result for (one's labour or efforts); to let slip (opportunities) without using them to good purpose; to waste (time).

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > spending time > spend time or allow time to pass [verb (transitive)] > waste time

leese?c1225

losea1340

defer1382

wastea1400

slip1435

consumea1500

superexpend1513

slow?1522

sloth1523

to fode forth1525

slack1548

dree1584

sleuth1584

confound1598

spenda1604

to fret out1608

to spin out1608

misplace1609

spend1614

tavern1628

devast1632

to drill away, on, outa1656

dulla1682

to dally away1685

squander1693

to linger awaya1704

dangle1727

dawdle1768

slim1812

diddle1826

to run out the clock1957

the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > disadvantage > uselessness > misuse > [verb (transitive)] > fail to take use or advantage of

leese?c1225

losea1340

missa1628

waste1836

maunder1846

the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > disadvantage > uselessness > uselessness, vanity, or futility > be of no avail [verb (intransitive)] > expend effort in vain

to lose or spill one's whilec1175

to speak to the windc1330

tinec1330

to beat the windc1375

lose?a1513

to boil, roast, or wash a stonea1529

to lose (one's) oil1548

to plough the sand (also sands)a1565

to wash an ass's head (or ears)1581

to wash an Ethiop, a blackamoor (white)1581

to wash a wall of loam, a brick or tilea1600

to milk the bull (also he-goat, ram)1616

to bark against (or at) the moona1641

dead horse1640

to cast stones against the wind1657

dry-ditcha1670

baffle1860

to go, run or rush (a)round in circles1933

the world > time > a suitable time or opportunity > have the opportunity [verb (intransitive)] > miss an opportunity

to let slip1549

to miss of ——a1628

lose1632

a1340 R. Rolle Psalter xxvi. 20 Suffre that thou suffirs for god and of god, for wa is þaim þat losis suffrynge.

c1374 G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde ii. 1700 (1749) Lest tyme I loste, I dar not with yow dele.

a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1872) IV. 461 Allas! my freendes, þis day I have y-lost.

c1400 Rom. Rose 5153 Fully on me she lost hir lore.

1407 H. Scogan Moral Balade 36 Tyme y-lost in youthe folily Greveth a wight goostly and bodily.

a1470 T. Malory Morte Darthur (Winch. Coll. 13) (1990) II. 1084 She ys nat the firste that hath loste hir payne uppon you.

a1500 (?c1450) Merlin i. 6 And so shold ye loose youre tyme.

a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 258 The labour lost and liell seruice.

1581 G. Pettie tr. S. Guazzo Ciuile Conuersat. (1586) i. 26 Now to loose no more time about this point, I saie vnto you, y^t[etc.].

1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. iii. sig. C5 But when she saw her prayers nought preuaile, Shee backe retourned with some labour lost.

1615 W. Lawson Country Housewifes Garden (1626) 12 All your labour past and to come about an Orchard is lost vnlesse you fence well.

1632 R. Sanderson 12 Serm. 233 True zeale..will not loose the opportunity of doing what it ought, for waiting till others beginne.

1637 J. Milton Comus 10 Ill is lost that praise That is addrest to unattending Eares.

1738 J. Swift Compl. Coll. Genteel Conversat. 127 Fall to, you know Half an Hour is soon lost at Dinner.

1770 S. Foote Lame Lover ii. 51 The constables will be here in a trice, so you have not a moment to lose.

1819 G. Crabbe Tales of Hall I. ix. 225 How much she grieved to lose the given day In dissipation wild, in visitation gay.

1847 F. Marryat Children of New Forest I. v. 86 There is no time to be lost.

1896 G. N. Boothby In Strange Company ii. vi. 55/1 A..fellow who never lost a chance of making himself objectionable.

b. to be lost on or upon: to have no effect upon, to fail to influence.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > disadvantage > uselessness > uselessness, vanity, or futility > be of no avail to [verb (transitive)] > have no effect upon

to be lost on or upona1616

to cut ice1894

a1616 W. Shakespeare Tempest (1623) iv. i. 190 On whom my paines Humanely taken, all, all lost, quite lost.

1692 Bp. G. Burnet Disc. Pastoral Care ix. 111 Niceties of Style are lost before a common Auditory.]

1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis xi, in tr. Virgil Wks. 569 Thin Stratagems, and Tricks of little Hearts Are lost on me.

1833 H. Martineau Brooke & Brooke Farm (ed. 3) xi. 131 Your kindness is not lost upon me.

1844 B. Disraeli Coningsby I. i. iii. 32 Nothing, however, was ever lost upon Lord Monmouth. No one had a more retentive memory, or a more observant mind.

1900 J. A. H. Murray Evol. Eng. Lexicogr. 6 The real humour of the situation..was..lost upon the House of Commons.

a. To fail to obtain (something one might have had): occasionally const. to. Also, to fail to catch (a train, etc.). †to lose aim: to miss one's mark.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > acquisition > not obtaining or acquiring > not to obtain [verb (transitive)]

mistec1275

missa1325

tinea1325

fail1377

losea1387

to come short of1570

to fall by1614

the world > movement > impact > striking > strike or deliver blows [verb (intransitive)] > fail to strike

misyengec1275

miss1535

fail1590

to lose aim1611

to fall shorta1688

err1801

society > travel > rail travel > [verb (transitive)] > fail to catch a train

lose1884

miss1886

a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1876) VI. 185 He schal lese [MS. γ luse] hevene þat wil hem take awey.

1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis I. 153 Adam for Pride loste his pris.

a1400 K. Alis. (Linc. Inn MS.) 4282 Darie haþ ylost his pray.

a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. iii. 40 Wheder I lose or I wyn, In fayth, thi felowship Set I not at a pyn.

1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VI f. cxlj^v Meanyng not to lose so great a prey.

1611 Bible (King James) Matt. x. 42 Hee shall in no wise lose his reward.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Antony & Cleopatra (1623) iv. xv. 71 Shall I do that which all the Parthian Darts, (Though Enemy) lost ayme, and could not.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Measure for Measure (1623) i. iv. 78 Our doubts are traitors And makes vs loose the good we oft might win, By fearing to attempt.

1632 P. Massinger Maid of Honour v. i. sig. K2 If you forsweare your selfe we shall not prosper. I'll rather loose my longing.

1650 R. Baxter Saints Everlasting Rest (1656) iv. 132 Where God loses his praise, man will certainly lose his comforts.

1711 J. Swift Jrnl. to Stella 12 May (1948) I. 267 Mr. secretary..brought me to our town's end in his coach; so I lost my walk.

1775 J. Harris Philos. Arrangem. xii. 305 The swift footed Salius lost the prize to young Euryalus.

1830 J. Jekyll Let. 27 Nov. in Corr. (1894) 256 Rather than lose her legacy, she hung him on to the window bar.

1884 Congregationalist June 493 I once nearly lost a train on account of it.

1900 ‘F. Anstey’ Brass Bottle ii. 22 ‘A guinea. For the last time. You'll lose it, sir’, said the auctioneer to the little man.

b. To fail to apprehend by sight or hearing; not to ‘catch’ (words, points of a discourse).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > misinterpretation > misinterpret [verb (transitive)]

misunderstanda1225

mistake1402

misconstruea1425

miskenc1480

misgloze1532

misinterpret1547

missense1560

wrest1563

misdeem1570

misconceive1586

misconstruct1596

misinfer1597

misconceit1598

misknowa1600

to look beyond1600

lose1600

mismean1605

misprize1609

misread1612

misween1614

misimagine1626

misapprehend1628

construea1640

mislead1654

equivocate1665

misrender1674

misaccept1697

miscomprehend1813

misperceive1911

1600 W. Shakespeare Much Ado about Nothing iii. i. 32 Then go we neare her that her eare loose nothing.

1604 E. Grimeston tr. J. de Acosta Nat. & Morall Hist. Indies ii. vii. 97 Being too farre off from any thing, wee loose the sight, and too neere likewise, we cannot see it.

1785 W. Cowper Task iii. 599 Fearing each to lose Some note of Nature's music from his lips.

1903 N.E.D. at Lose Mod. I did not lose a word of his speech.

†c. To fail to attend; to ‘miss’. Obsolete.Also formerly at Cambridge University, to lose one's week: not to be allowed to count towards the obligatory number of weeks of residence a week in which the required number of chapels had not been kept.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > a suitable time or opportunity > untimeliness > [verb (transitive)] > be late for or miss

(to come) lag of1552

lose1711

to miss of ——1777

miss1823

1711 J. Swift Jrnl. to Stella 4 Aug. (1948) I. 326 I lost church to-day.

1847 Ld. Tennyson Princess Prol. 8 They lost their weeks; they vext the souls of deans.

d. Hunting. To fail to catch (an animal).

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > hunting > hunt [verb (transitive)] > lose game

lose1567

1567 J. Maplet Greene Forest f. 68^v I had rather (as they say lose the Hare) then to take such infinite paines as to hunt so farre for hir.

1883 Ld. Saltoun Scraps I. 104 The grey~hounds took up the chase, and either killed or lost her.

a. To be deprived of (something) in a contest or game; to forfeit (a stake); hence, to be defeated in (a game, battle, lawsuit); to fail to carry (a motion). Also in Cricket: To have (a wicket) taken by an opponent. Const. to.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > failure or lack of success > defeat or overthrow > be defeated in [verb (transitive)]

losec1515

society > armed hostility > defeat > suffer defeat [verb (transitive)] > lose (a battle)

losec1515

tinec1550

society > leisure > sport > winning, losing, or scoring > win, lose, or score [verb (transitive)] > lose

losec1515

c1515 Ld. Berners tr. Bk. Duke Huon of Burdeux (1882–7) liii. 180 She lost y^e game wherof Huon was ioyfull.

1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. ccx Foughte a battell in Piedmont, with the French men..and lost the felde.

1597 W. Shakespeare Richard III iv. iv. 467 While we reason here, A royall battell might be wonne and lost .

a1616 W. Shakespeare Coriolanus (1623) i. viii. 4 If we loose the Field, We cannot keepe the Towne.

1671 Lady M. Bertie in 12th Rep. Royal Comm. Hist. MSS (1890) App. v. 22 Wee play sometimes at trante a courante where my old ill lucke follows mee to loose my money.

1710 Act 9 Anne c. 19 §2 Any Person or Persons..who shall at any Time or sitting by playing at Cards..lose to any One or more..Persons..the Sum..of Ten Pounds.

1799 H. K. White Let Sept. in Remains (1807) I. 62 The Corporation versus Gee, which we..lost.

1836 C. Dickens Sketches by Boz 1st Ser. I. 37 The motion was lost by a majority of two.

1843 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 54 171 I lost my wicket to the first ball.

1847 Ld. Tennyson Princess vi. 121 When our side was vanquished and my cause For ever lost.

1872 Punch 27 Jan. 41/2 We never lost a game to a professional at billiards without hearing him assign his triumph chiefly to his flukes.

1885 Manch. Examiner 10 July 5/1 The Southerners had scored 78 without losing a wicket.

b. absol. To be defeated; also, to forfeit money by defeat in a game.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > defeat > be defeated [verb (intransitive)]

to have (also get) the worsec1275

leesec1300

to lick the dust, the earth1382

to get (also have) the waura1393

to go downa1400

to go away (also flee) with the worsea1413

to have the worsta1470

to go to (also unto) the worse1485

to go by the worse (also worst)1528

to have the overthrow1536

lose1548

tine1681

the world > action or operation > failure or lack of success > defeat or overthrow > be defeated or overthrown [verb (intransitive)] > be defeated or lose

to have (also get) the worsec1275

leesec1300

lose1548

to deserve or lose the bell1600

to have the lower hand1693

to have the second best1708

to come off second best1777

skunk1867

to be dumped on1967

1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VI f. cxvj Accordyng to the chaunce of war, the one part gat, and the other lost.

1594 W. Shakespeare Lucrece sig. F2^v A captiue victor that hath lost in gaine.

1608 W. Shakespeare King Lear xxiv. 15 Who looses, and who wins, whose in, whose out.

1622 J. Mabbe tr. M. Alemán Rogue i. 21 Their game was Primera..; my mother, shee got the money, for my father was willing to lose to her.

1669 Lady Chaworth in 12th Rep. Royal Comm. Hist. MSS (1890) App. v. 11 I heere your horse hath lost.

1738 J. Swift Compl. Coll. Genteel Conversat. 198 She lost at one Sitting to the Tune of a hundred Guineas.

a1822 P. B. Shelley tr. P. Calderon Scenes from Magico Prodigioso in Posthumous Poems (1824) 369 The battle's loss may profit those who lose.

1885 O. W. Holmes, Jr. in Law Q. Rev. Apr. 172 Tacitus says that the Germans would gamble their personal liberty and pay with their persons if they lost.

9. Causal senses.

a. To cause the loss of: often const. dative of the person suffering loss.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > loss > lose [verb (transitive)] > cause loss of

lose1428

tine?a1500

leese1550

forfeit1619

1428–9 in Hist. MSS Comm.: 10th Rep.: App. Pt. V: MSS Marquis of Ormonde &c. (1885) 295 in Parl. Papers (C. 4576-I) XLII. 1 Whatt ever man..bringe warre upon the citie, whereby they bene prayed and losid thair goods.

1598 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 1 iii. i. 183 Pride, hautinesse [etc.],..The least of which hanting a noble man, Looseth mens harts.

1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet i. iii. 76 Loue oft looses both it selfe, and friend.

1608 W. Shakespeare King Lear i. 148 My life I neuer held but as a pawne..nor feare to lose it.

1620 F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Phylaster iv. 53 I pray that this action loose not Phylaster the hearts of the people.

1640 in J. Nicholson Minute Bk. War Comm. Covenanters Kirkcudbright 3 Nov. (1855) 76 If they [sc. shoes] come not with expedition the want of thame will lose all our sogers.

1699 Wotton Let. in Bentley Phal. Pref. 12 I did not think that a sufficient reason, why I should lose that Treatise to the World.

1763 E. Hoyle Whist 25 Do not overtrump him, which may probably lose you two or three Tricks.

1803 J. Marshall Writings upon Federal Constit. (1839) 8 A loss of the commission would lose the office.

1871 E. A. Freeman Hist. Ess. 1st Ser. vii. 195 The crimes of John lost him all the northern part of his French possessions.

b. To cause (a person) to ‘lose his way’; to bewilder. Esp. in you('ve) lost me = ‘I failed to follow what you were saying’.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > inattention > mental wandering > confuse, bewilder [verb (transitive)]

bewhapec1320

mara1350

blunder?a1400

mada1425

to turn a person's brainc1440

astonish1530

maskc1540

dare1547

bemud1599

bedazea1605

dizzy1604

bemist1609

muddify1647

lose1649

bafflea1657

bewildera1680

bother?1718

bemuse1734

muddlea1748

flurrya1757

muzz1786

muzzle1796

flusker1841

haze1858

bemuddle1862

jitter1932

giggle-

the mind > mental capacity > lack of understanding > fail to comprehend [verb (intransitive)]

uncomprehend1602

to have no idea1782

we had one but the wheel came off1937

you('ve) lost me1962

1649 Εἰκων Βασιλικη xvi. 157 Nor are constant Formes of Prayers more likely to flat, and hinder the Spirit of prayer,..then un-premeditated and confused uariety to distract, and lose it.

1692 S. Patrick Answer to Touchstone of Reformed Gospel 15 He only endeavours to lose his Reader in a mist of Words.

1962 L. Deighton Ipcress File vii. 42 ‘They have money..to investigate what they call “synthesised environment”.’ I said, ‘You've lost me now—without trying.’

1967 ‘V. Siller’ Biltmore Call 103 Frazer..looked up, frowning. ‘You've lost me. What do you mean, exactly?’

1970 ‘R. Lewis’ Wolf by Ears i. 11 You will have to be a little more explicit in your statements. I'm a bit lost.

1970 ‘R. Lewis’ Wolf by Ears i. 17 ‘You've lost me.’ ‘Put simply, it's this way.’

1973 Observatory Oct. 162 You lost me at one stage.

†c. ? To cause to be forgotten. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > memory > faulty recollection > recollect wrongly [verb (transitive)] > cause to be forgotten

smotherc1592

lose1670

1670 J. Dryden & W. Davenant Shakespeare's Tempest iv. 68 Have fifteen years So lost me to your knowledge, that you retain No memory of Prospero?

1724 R. Wodrow Corr. (1843) III. 130 It requires a much better memory than mine to resume such long work, and one harangue loses the former to me.

†d. To reject (a bill in parliament). Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > legislation > make (laws) or establish as law [verb (transitive)] > defeat or veto a bill

to throw out1604

lose1663

to kill a bill1832

1663 S. Pepys Diary 27 July (1971) IV. 249 A Bill for the Lord's day which it seems the Lords have lost, and so cannot be passed.

10. reflexive (with corresponding passive).

a. To lose one's way, go astray. Also figurative.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > aspects of travel > travel in specific course or direction > direct one's course [verb (reflexive)] > be or get lost

lose1535

to forget oneself1582

1535 Bible (Coverdale) Psalms cxviii[i]. 176 I go astraye as a shepe that is lost.

1581 W. Lambarde Eirenarcha (1602) iv. iv. 390 The hearer would be many times lost, before I shoulde come to the end.

1581 G. Pettie tr. S. Guazzo Ciuile Conuersat. (1586) i. 14 But to what end goe I to loose my selfe in the intricate labirinth of the abuses & disorders of our time.

1604 E. Grimeston tr. J. de Acosta Nat. & Morall Hist. Indies i. xxi. 69 They must of necessitie loose themselves, having no knowledge where they were.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 3 (1623) iii. ii. 174 Like one lost in a Thornie Wood.

1643 Sir T. Browne Religio Medici (authorized ed.) i. §9 I love to lose my selfe in a mystery.

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost ii. 561 In wandring mazes lost .

a1780 J. Harris Philol. Inq. (1781) iii. vii. 346 Arabian poetry is so immense a field, that he, who enters it, is in danger of being lost.

1859 Ld. Tennyson Elaine in Idylls of King 159 O'er these waste downs whereon I lost myself.

b. To lose one's (or its) identity; to become merged (in something else). literal and figurative.

ΚΠ

1604 E. Grimeston tr. J. de Acosta Nat. & Morall Hist. Indies ii. vi. 93 Ten great rivers which loose themselves entring into that Lake.

1781 J. Moore View Soc. Italy (1790) I. xli. 445 The Via Sacra was a street leading to the Forum, and lost in it.

1813 J. Austen Pride & Prejudice II. xvii. 199 All surprise was shortly lost in other feelings.

1822 C. Lamb Detached Thoughts on Bks. in Elia 2nd Ser. I love to lose myself in other men's minds.

1893 F. J. A. Hort Way, Truth, Life ii. 62 By the Resurrection and Ascension His Apostleship had been visibly lost in His Sonship.

c. To become deeply absorbed or engrossed (in thought, etc.); to be bewildered, overwhelmed (in wonder); †to be distracted, lose one's wits (from emotion or excitement).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > attention > earnest attention, concentration > be absorbed in [verb (intransitive)]

buryc1380

porec1387

sinka1400

withgoa1400

founce1430

resta1500

intend?1504

to busy one's brains?1532

lose1604

immerse1667

to give into ——1692

to make a study of1884

the mind > attention and judgement > attention > earnest attention, concentration > be engrossed [verb (reflexive)]

arrest1502

intend?1504

settle1530

lose1604

immerse1664

the mind > attention and judgement > inattention > mental wandering > be distracted [verb (reflexive)]

lose1604

1604 E. Grimeston tr. J. de Acosta Nat. & Morall Hist. Indies v. v. 339 They were lost in their own imaginations and conceipts.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Macbeth (1623) ii. ii. 69 Be not lost So poorely in your thoughts.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Antony & Cleopatra (1623) i. ii. 110 These strong Egyptian Fetters I must breake, Or loose my selfe in dotage.

1639 J. Shirley Maides Revenge iv. sig. G2^v I almost lose my selfe In joy to meete him.

1712 J. Addison Spectator No. 453. ¶ 8 Transported with the View; I'm lost In Wonder, Love, and Praise.

1798 W. S. Landor Gebir i. 97 I neither feed the flock nor watch the fold; How can I, lost in love?

1809 W. Irving Hist. N.Y. I. ii. v. 109 As I pace the darkened chamber and lose myself in melancholy musings, the shadowy images around me almost seem to steal once more into existence.

1875 B. Jowett tr. Plato Dialogues (ed. 2) I. 231 He seemed to be lost in the contemplation of something great.

1890 H. Caine Bondman iii. vi Her voice was low at first, but she soon lost herself, and then it rose above the other voices.

1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VIII. 239 For a time they become lost and dazed.

d. To become hidden from view, obscured (in clouds, etc.).

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > invisibility > be or become invisible [verb] > vanish or disappear

lose1697

the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > invisibility > be or become invisible [verb (reflexive)] > vanish or disappear

lose1785

foam itself away1852

1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis viii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 436 When the setting Stars are lost in Day.

1725 A. Pope tr. Homer Odyssey II. vii. 354 Woody mountains half in vapours lost.

1785 W. Cowper Task i. 194 Rills that..lose themselves at length In matted grass.

1845 M. Pattison in Christian Remembrancer Jan. 73 A vast ocean of tillage..losing itself in the vapour of the distant horizon.

1847 Ld. Tennyson Princess i. 22 A pillar'd porch, the bases lost In laurel.

†e. Of water: To leak away. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > liquid > liquid which has been emitted > action or process of leaking > leak away, of water [verb (reflexive)]

lose1712

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > go or come out [verb (reflexive)] > go or come out (of something confined) > leak

lose1712

1712 J. James tr. A.-J. Dézallier d'Argenville Theory & Pract. Gardening 189 The Vials..are joined to the Pipes with Wax or Mastick, so that the Water rises into the Vials, without losing itself any where.

1712 J. James tr. A.-J. Dézallier d'Argenville Theory & Pract. Gardening 194 Gravel, or Sand-Stone, upon which the Water will run without losing itself.

Compounds

Combinations, with sense ‘one who or something which loses…’, as †lose-all, †lose-office; so † lose-time adj. Obsolete time-wasting.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > spending time > [adjective] > wasting time

lose-time1603

time-wasting1626

foozling1857

slowdown1958

1603 J. Florio tr. M. de Montaigne Ess. i. xxv. 78 Jugling tricks, or other idle loose-time sports.

1623 J. Penkethman tr. Cato Handful of Honesty iv. xlii More loue to purchase, each good turne requite, Lest a Loose-office thou be termed right.

1650 W. Brough Sacred Princ. 165 The third [Heire] is commonly a Lose-all.

Draft additions 1997

To shed (weight, fatty tissue, etc.). Cf. to lose weight at weight n.¹ 8c.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > bodily shape or physique > slim shape or physique > slim [verb (transitive)] > shed weight, fatty tissue, etc.

lose1890

1890 Lancet 27 Sept. 663/2 The patient will rapidly lose flesh.

1941 G. Kersh They die with their Boots Clean ii. 85 The first weeks or two cracks up quite a few rookies... This here Spencer drops weight... Millions of stones that rook lost.

1956 J. Barth Floating Opera xiv. 139 I had lost twenty pounds, countless prejudices, much provincialism, my chastity.., and my religion.

1976 W. Breckon You are what you Eat viii. 138 The object of slimming is to lose fat..to have a greater output of energy than input from food.

1992 N.Y. Times 31 May 37/1 Janet says she has lost about 10 pounds while mooning and pining over the man of her dreams.

Draft additions 1997

To dispose of, eliminate, or remove (something perceived as inconvenient or unwanted); occasionally, to kill. colloquial.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > death > killing > kill [verb (transitive)]

swevec725

quelmeOE

slayc893

quelleOE

of-falleOE

ofslayeOE

aquellc950

ayeteeOE

spillc950

beliveOE

to bring (also do) of (one's) life-dayOE

fordoa1000

forfarea1000

asweveOE

drepeOE

forleseOE

martyrOE

to do (also i-do, draw) of lifeOE

bringc1175

off-quellc1175

quenchc1175

forswelta1225

adeadc1225

to bring of daysc1225

to do to deathc1225

to draw (a person) to deathc1225

murder?c1225

aslayc1275

forferec1275

to lay to ground, to earth (Sc. at eird)c1275

martyrc1300

strangle1303

destroya1325

misdoa1325

killc1330

tailc1330

to take the life of (also fro)c1330

enda1340

to kill to (into, unto) death1362

brittena1375

deadc1374

to ding to deathc1380

mortifya1382

perisha1387

to dight to death1393

colea1400

fella1400

kill out (away, down, up)a1400

to slay up or downa1400

swelta1400

voida1400

deliverc1400

starvec1425

jugylc1440

morta1450

to bring to, on, or upon (one's) bierc1480

to put offc1485

to-slaya1500

to make away with1502

to put (a person or thing) to silencec1503

rida1513

to put downa1525

to hang out of the way1528

dispatch?1529

strikea1535

occidea1538

to firk to death, (out) of lifec1540

to fling to deathc1540

extinct1548

to make out of the way1551

to fet offa1556

to cut offc1565

to make away?1566

occise1575

spoil1578

senda1586

to put away1588

exanimate1593

unmortalize1593

speed1594

unlive1594

execute1597

dislive1598

extinguish1598

to lay along1599

to make hence1605

conclude1606

kill off1607

disanimate1609

feeze1609

to smite, stab in, under the fifth rib1611

to kill dead1615

transporta1616

spatch1616

to take off1619

mactate1623

to make meat of1632

to turn up1642

inanimate1647

pop1649

enecate1657

cadaverate1658

expedite1678

to make dog's meat of1679

to make mincemeat of1709

sluice1749

finisha1753

royna1770

still1778

do1780

deaden1807

deathifyc1810

to lay out1829

cool1833

to use up1833

puckeroo1840

to rub out1840

cadaverize1841

to put under the sod1847

suicide1852

outkill1860

to fix1875

to put under1879

corpse1884

stiffen1888

tip1891

to do away with1899

to take out1900

stretch1902

red-light1906

huff1919

to knock rotten1919

skittle1919

liquidate1924

clip1927

to set over1931

creasea1935

ice1941

lose1942

to put to sleep1942

zap1942

to take down1967

wax1968

trash1973

ace1975

the mind > possession > relinquishing > casting or laying aside > [verb (transitive)] > do without or get rid of > as inconvenient or unwanted

lose1942

1942 L. V. Berrey & M. Van den Bark Amer. Thes. Slang § 27/5 Eliminate; discard; get rid of. Axe, basket,..lose, mop up, [etc.].

1951 P. H. Abrahams Wild Conquest II. i. i. 173 Another naked easterner... Lose him, my brave Rauwe! My brave soldiers!

1970 G. Chapman et al. Monty Python's Flying Circus (1989) I. xxiii. 314 Whoever heard of a lion in the Antarctic. Right. Lose the lion.

1984 J. Partridge One Touch Photogr. 31 An untidy background can detract from your picture and a good rule is to ‘use it or lose it’.

1987 Which? June 278/2 We're not convinced that losing the flex is much of an advantage—especially as the model we looked at couldn't do things like liquidise soup in a saucepan.

Draft additions June 2003

colloquial. to lose it: to lose control of one's temper or emotions, esp. to become incapably angry or agitated; to cease to be rational or effective; cf. sense 3d.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > anger > [verb (intransitive)] > become angry

wrethec900

wrothc975

abelghec1300

to move one's blood (also mood)c1330

to peck moodc1330

gremec1460

to take firea1513

fumec1522

sourdc1540

spitec1560

to set up the heckle1601

fire1604

exasperate1659

to fire up1779

to flash up1822

to get one's dander up1831

to fly (occasionally jump, etc.) off (at) the handle1832

to have (also get) one's monkey up1833

to cut up rough, rusty, savage1837

rile1837

to go off the handle1839

to flare up1840

to set one's back up1845

to run hot1855

to wax up1859

to get one's rag out1862

blow1871

to get (also have) the pricker1871

to turn up rough1872

to get the needle1874

to blaze up1878

to get wet1898

spunk1898

to see red1901

to go crook1911

to get ignorant1913

to hit the ceiling1914

to hit the roof1921

to blow one's top1928

to lose one's rag1928

to lose one's haira1930

to go up in smoke1933

hackle1935

to have, get a cob on1937

to pop (also blow) one's cork1938

to go hostile1941

to go sparec1942

to do one's bun1944

to lose one's wool1944

to blow one's stack1947

to go (also do) one's (also a) dingerc1950

rear1953

to get on ignorant1956

to go through the roof1958

to keep (also blow, lose) one's cool1964

to lose ita1969

to blow a gasket1975

to throw a wobbler1985

a1969 D. Heaton-Armstrong Six Month Kingdom (2005) xxvii. 152 I entirely lost it and told Major Sluys one or two home truths.

1976 Milton Keynes Express 11 June 42/6 Eric Cook..completely lost it coming into Woodcote slamming into the sleepers with a rather surprised look of disbelief on his face.

1983 Washington Post (Nexis) 29 May d1 His eruptions at umpires..are genuine furies. ‘When something goes against his grain..he just completely loses it.’

1989 in R. Graef Talking Blues xiv. 464 Our Superintendent Ops is good. He's keen. He's still got his feet on the ground. He hasn't lost it.

1995 Mixmag May 67/3 One New Year's Eve Ricky loses it completely and has to be taken home before midnight.

2001 FourFourTwo Sept. 113/2 At the other end of the ground..there are knife fights breaking out and one barra completely loses it with a concrete paving slab when it refuses to break under the pressure of him stamping on it.

Draft additions June 2003

figurative (colloquial). to lose the plot: to lose one's ability to understand or cope with events; to lose one's touch; to go off the rails. Sometimes also: = to lose it at Additions.

ΚΠ

a1652 R. Brome Damoiselle iii. i. sig. D2 in Five New Playes (1653) As an ingenious Critick would observe The first Scene of a Cemedy, for feare He lose the Plot.]

1984 Times 16 Oct. 15/4 Arabella Pollen showed sharp linens, lost the plot in a sarong skirt and brought out curvaceous racing silk and a show-stopping bow-legged Willie Carson.

1987 Playboy Mar. 82/3 Singo is still going strong on 2KY, defending the larrikin way of life. But he's lost the plot—there's nobody out there in navy-blue singlets anymore.

1991 New Musical Express 16 Mar. 47 Even Guns N' Roses, who found success representing free spirit within the genre, seem to have lost the plot with this fatuous triple second album idea.

2002 Glamour July 37/1 On holiday in Spain I lost the plot because I thought my boyfriend was looking at a girl in the distance. I pushed him into a swimming pool.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1903; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	lose
释义	† losen.¹ Forms: Middle English (1800s archaic) los, (Middle English looz), Middle English loes, loose, Middle English–1500s loos, lose, Scottish loiss, (Middle English loce, Scottish loyse, 1500s Scottish loze, loys), Middle English–1500s loss(e, Scottish lois. Etymology: < Old French los, loz, loos < Latin laudēs, plural of laus praise. Obsolete. Praise; renown, fame. Also in neutral sense, (good or bad) reputation; occasionally ill fame. out of lose: to one's dispraise. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > reputation > [noun] nameeOE talec1175 fame?c1225 lose1297 creancec1330 stevenc1374 opinionc1384 credencec1390 recorda1393 renowna1400 reputationc1400 reportc1425 regardc1440 esteema1450 noisea1470 reapport1514 estimation1530 savour1535 existimationa1538 countenancea1568 credit1576 standing1579 stair1590 perfumec1595 estimate1597 pass1601 reportage1612 vibration1666 suffrage1667 rep1677 face1834 odour1835 rap1966 the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > [noun] lose1297 misreportc1425 unhonestyc1425 obloquy1469 misfame1482 discredit1551 disfavour1581 disgrace1597 disesteem1603 discredence1611 disestimation1619 disreputation1633 disrepute1653 distrust1667 disreputableness1710 disconsideration1835 nigritude1869 disodour1882 the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > reputation > fame or renown > [noun] hereworda1100 famec1290 lose1297 renownc1330 namecouthhead1340 noblessec1350 namec1384 reputationc1390 emprisea1393 renomeea1393 celebrity?c1400 enpressc1400 notec1400 renowneec1430 flavourc1449 honestnessa1450 bruita1470 renome?1473 famosity1535 famousness1548 renownedness1596 celebration1631 rumour1638 notedness1661 noise1670 distinction1699 eminence1702 éclat1742 baya1764 kudos1831 lionhood1833 lionism1835 lionship1837 lionization1841 stardom1865 spotlight1875 réclame1883 stellardom1883 the big cheesea1910 big time1910 star billing1910 starring1913 megastardom1981 the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > damage to reputation > [adverb] unhonestlyc1384 out of lose1513 unhonourably1553 discreditably1725 disreputably1775 compromisingly1888 1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 3917 Þe kinges los so wyde sprong ynow..þat hor herte to him drou. 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 26 Ypocrites þet..doþ manie penonces an guode principalliche uor þe los of þe wordle. 1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis I. 351 A Duc..Which was a worthi kniht of los. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Trin. Cambr.) l. 8750 Of þis doom [of Solomon's] fer sprong þe loos. c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (1839) x. 89 In that time there weren 3 Heroudes, of gret Name and Loos for here crueltee. 14.. J. Lydgate Flour of Curtesye 234 Lest out of lose any word asterte In this metre, to make it seme lame. c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 313/2 Loos or bad name, infamia. c1485 ( G. Hay Bk. Law of Armys (2005) 132 He did nocht his dedis of honour..for hir sake, bot for his awin los. a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. xxii. 278 Youre knyghtes of good lose. 1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid xiii. iii. 51 O glory and renown of loys, in vayn. 1532 (c1385) Usk's Test. Loue in Wks. G. Chaucer i. f. cccxxxii Yeuynge me name of badde loos. 1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie iii. xix. 198 That thy loze, ne name may neuer dye. 1596 E. Spenser Second Pt. Faerie Queene vi. xii. sig. Ii8^v Besides the losse of so much loos and fame. View more context for this quotation 1825 W. Scott Talisman vii, in Tales Crusaders III. 168 I am a belted knight, and come hither to acquire los and fame in this mortal life. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1903; most recently modified version published online December 2021). losen.² Brit. /luːz/, U.S. /luz/ Etymology: < lose v.¹ slang. An instance of losing (a race). lose bet, lose game, one in which the loser of the game wins the stakes. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > racing or race > horse racing > [noun] > defeat lose1884 neck defeat1886 society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > betting > [noun] > type of bet swoopstake1599 by-beta1627 levant1714 even money1732 play or pay bet1738 side bet1769 long shot1796 sweep1849 pay-or-play1853 sweepstake1861 pari-mutuel1868 to go a raker1869 flutter1874 skinner1874 by-wager1886 plunge1888 accumulator1889 saver1891 mutuel1893 quinella1902 parlay1904 Sydney or the bush1924 treble1924 daily double1930 all-up1933 round robin1944 double1951 twin double1960 perfecta1961 pool1963 lose bet1964 tiercé1964 Yankee bet1964 Yankee1967 nap1971 superfecta1971 tricast1972 triple1972 trixie1973 telebetting1974 trifecta1974 over-and-under1975 over-under1981 spread bet1981 society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > games of chance > [noun] > type of game ordinary1684 gambling game1803 creep joint1928 table game1951 lose game1971 1884 Illustr. London News Nov. 410/3 The rate of pay recognised by the Jockey Club, which is five guineas for a ‘win’, and three guineas for a ‘lose’. 1964 A. Wykes Gambling vi. 143 (caption) A ‘lose’ bet is that the shooter will throw a crap. 1971 Jrnl. Gen. Psychol. 85 268 High-risk bets are again more typical of the lose game. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1903; most recently modified version published online March 2022). losev.¹ Brit. /luːz/, U.S. /luz/ Forms: Old English losian, Middle English losie(n, Middle English Scottish loyse, Middle English–1500s losse, Scottish lois(s, Middle English, Scottish1500s– loss, Middle English–1700s loose, 1500s Scottish los, loce, ( loase, 1600s loze), Middle English– lose. past tense Old English losode, losade, Old English–Middle English losede, Middle English Scottish losit, Middle English–1500s loste, Scottish lossit, lossyt, 1500s Scottish loissit, loussit, (1600s loosed, losed), Middle English– lost. past participle Old English (ge)losod, (ge)losad, Middle English ilosed, iloset, Middle English ilost, Middle English losed, Middle English i-, ylost(e, Middle English–1500s loste, (Scottish losit, losyt, Middle English–1500s loissit, lossit, lossyt, 1500s loist, loseit, 1600s loissed), Middle English– lost. Etymology: Old English losian , < los loss n.¹, used almost exclusively intransitively (sense 1); sometimes with indirect object in dative, as me losode hit = I lost it. The transitive use, which occurs twice in Old Northumbrian and appears in general use early in 13th cent., seems to have arisen partly from interchange of function between the indirect object and the subject where these were not distinguishable by case-form (compare like v.¹, loathe v.), and partly from the perfect conjugated with be (Old English hit is gelosod = it is lost), which admits of being apprehended as passive. The later sense-development of the verb has been influenced by the cognate leese v.¹, with which it became synonymous, and which it in the end superseded. The regular modern English pronunciation representing Old English losian would be /ləʊz/; the standard English pronunciation /luːz/ seems to be due to association with loose v., which in some contexts (e.g. to loose hold) closely approaches this verb in meaning. Many dialects have the phonetic form normally descending from the Old English verb. The Scottish form loss is probably evolved from the past tense and past participle lost. †1. intransitive. To perish; also, to be lost or missing. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > destroy [verb (intransitive)] > be destroyed, ruined, or come to an end losec888 fallOE forlesea1225 perishc1275 spilla1300 to go to wreche13.. to go to the gatec1330 to go to lostc1374 miscarryc1387 quenchc1390 to bring unto, to fall into, to go, put, or work to wrakea1400 mischieve?a1400 tinea1400 to go to the devilc1405 bursta1450 untwindc1460 to make shipwreck1526 to go to (the) pot1531 to go to wreck (and ruin)a1547 wrake1570 wracka1586 to hop (also tip, pitch over, drop off, etc.) the perch1587 to lie in the dusta1591 mischief1598 to go (etc.) to rack (and ruin)1599 shipwreck1607 suffera1616 unravel1643 to fall off1684 tip (over) the perch1699 to do away with1769 to go to the dickens1833 collapse1838 to come (also go) a mucker1851 mucker1862 to go up1864 to go to squash1889 to go (to) stramash1910 to go for a burton1941 to meet one's Makera1978 society > faith > aspects of faith > spirituality > reprobation > suffer reprobation [verb (intransitive)] losec888 leesec1175 perishc1275 to go to supper with the devil1529 damn1620 c888 Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. xxxi. §2 Swa swa seo beo sceal losian þon heo hwæt irringa stingð. c897 K. Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care xxx. 205 Ðætte nu foraldod is ðæt is forneah losad. a1175 Cott. Hom. 245 Forþan þe ic imete mi sceap þe me losede. c1175 Lamb. Hom. 117 Þenne losiað fele saulen. c1400 (?c1380) Pearl l. 907 Þer lyuez lyste may neuer lose. †2. a. transitive. To destroy, ruin, bring to destruction or perdition; to be the ruin of. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > destroy [verb (transitive)] > devastate or lay waste (a place, etc.) harryc893 fordoc900 awesteeOE westeeOE losec950 harrowc1000 destroyc1230 wastec1275 ravishc1325 to lie waste1338 exilea1382 to-wastea1382 unronea1400 desolatea1425 vast1434 fruster?a1513 to lay waste1535 wipe1535 devast1537 depopulate1548 populate1552 forwaste1563 ruinate1564 havoc1575 scourge1576 dispopulate1588 destitute1593 ravage1602 harassa1618 devastate1638 execute1679 to make stroy of1682 to lay in ashes1711 untown1783 hell-rake1830 uncity1850 c950 Lindisf. Gosp. Luke xvii. 27 And cuom Þæt flod & losade vel spilde alle. c1380 Eng. Wycliffite Serm. in Sel. Wks. I. 49 Þe kyng..sent his ostis and loste þese mansleeris. c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness l. 909 Alle þe londe with þise ledez we losen at-onez. c1450 Jacob's Well (1900) 23 Þou schalt haue als manye peynes as þou hast loste soules! 1484 W. Caxton tr. G. de la Tour-Landry Bk. Knight of Tower (1971) lxxxiiii. 114 The fyre sprang oute and loste his hand. 1538 J. Bale Tragedye Promyses God (1744) ii. 11 Lose hym not yet, Lorde, though he hath depely sworved. 1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet iii. ii. 186 What to our selues in passion we propose, The passion ending, doth the purpose lose . View more context for this quotation 1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. i. iii. 102 Least heat, wet, wind, should rost, or rot or lose-it. 1628 tr. P. Matthieu Powerfull Favorite 122 (margin) We ought not proudly to despise prodegies, this neglect lost Alexander. b. To ruin in estimation. rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > damage to reputation > detract from [verb (transitive)] > ruin reputation of to crack credit1567 blast1607 lose1608 1608 W. Shakespeare King Lear i. 224 Such a tongue, As I am glad I haue not, though not to haue it, Hath lost me in your liking. View more context for this quotation 1677 C. Sedley Antony & Cleopatra v. i. 57 'Twas I that lost you in each Roman mind. 1882 J. C. Morison Macaulay 44 His want of aspiration..has lost him in the opinion of many readers. c. passive. To be brought to destruction, ruin, or misery; to perish; to be killed; in a spiritual sense (of the soul), to be damned. Of a ship, its crew, passengers, or cargo: To perish at sea. ΚΠ c897 [see sense 1]. c1325 in T. Wright Specimens Lyric Poetry (1842) xxxvi. 99 Ichabbe be losed mony a day. c1366 G. Chaucer A.B.C. 152 I am wounded..Þat j am lost almost. c1397 G. Chaucer Lack Stedf. 7 Al is loste for lac of stedfastnesse. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Fairf. 14) l. 6006 Dede & loste was al þaire fe. 1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) v. l. 507 I trow nocht ȝeit at Wallace losyt be. Our clerkys sayis he sall ger mony de. c1515 Ld. Berners tr. Bk. Duke Huon of Burdeux (1882–7) xxi. 63 Yf ye speke to hym ye are lost for euer. a1533 Ld. Berners tr. A. de Guevara Golden Bk. M. Aurelius (1546) sig. E.vii^v To play at the tables and dice with suche as be lost and naught. 1604 E. Grimeston tr. J. de Acosta Nat. & Morall Hist. Indies v. i. 332 By this meanes God is dishonoured, and man lost in all parts by idolatry. a1616 W. Shakespeare Tempest (1623) i. i. 49 All lost, to prayers, to prayers, all lost. View more context for this quotation 1713 J. Addison Cato iv. i. 46 The Woman that Deliberates is lost. 1781 W. Cowper Truth 479 And is the soul indeed so lost! 1798 Monthly Mag. 6 437 (Scotticisms) Poor man, he was lost in the river; drowned. 1817 W. Selwyn Abridgem. Law Nisi Prius (ed. 4) II. 921 The property insured was lost. 1861 J. A. Alexander Gospel Jesus Christ xiii. 182 You are not in danger of perdition, but are lost already. 1885 Law Times Rep. 53 60/2 The vessel..sank in a short time, all hands being lost. 3. To incur the privation of (something that one possesses or has control of); to part with through negligence or misadventure; to be deprived of. a. with object a material or immaterial possession, lands, goods, a right, quality, etc. †occasionally with away, up, (? U.S. rare) out. ΚΠ c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 14552 Þus losede Bruttes al þas kine-londes. c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. (1810) 272 Þou losis þi dignite. 1427–8 in Hist. MSS Comm.: 10th Rep.: App. Pt. V: MSS Marquis of Ormonde &c. (1885) 295 in Parl. Papers (C. 4576-I) XLII. 1 The accusere shal losse his fraunches for ever. a1470 Gregory in Hist. Coll. Citizen London (Camden) 189 That same yere was the most pa[r]te of Normandy y-loste. 14.. Childe of Bristowe 402 in W. C. Hazlitt Remains Early Pop. Poetry Eng. (1864) I. 125 Thu has played atte dice,..and lost up, sone, that thu had. a1533 Ld. Berners tr. Arthur of Brytayn (?1560) iii. sig. Aii He lost away & wasted..his londes and goodes. 1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. ii. 66 In all, the Christians loosed but eleuen Gallies. 1779 W. Cowper Yearly Distress 55 One talks..of pigs that he has lost By maggots at the tail. 1869 H. Bushnell Serm. for New Life (new ed.) viii. 110 The child brought up a thief gets an infinite power of cunning..and loses out just as much in the power of true perception. 1878 S. Walpole Hist. Eng. II. 458 Sir Joseph Yorke told him that he would lose his place if he did not keep his temper. b. with object a limb, a faculty, one's life, etc. to lose one's head: see head n.¹ Phrases 4j. to lose heart: to become discouraged. to lose one's heart: see heart n. 10a. †to lose one's breath: to die. to lose one's legs (slang): to get drunk. to lose one's nerve (nerve n. 14): to become scared, uneasy. to lose sleep over (or about, for), etc., something): to worry about (something) (usually in negative contexts). ΘΚΠ the world > life > death > [verb (intransitive)] forsweltc888 sweltc888 adeadeOE deadc950 wendeOE i-wite971 starveOE witea1000 forfereOE forthfareOE forworthc1000 to go (also depart , pass, i-wite, chare) out of this worldOE queleOE fallOE to take (also nim, underfo) (the) deathOE to shed (one's own) blood?a1100 diec1135 endc1175 farec1175 to give up the ghostc1175 letc1200 aswelta1250 leavea1250 to-sweltc1275 to-worthc1275 to yield (up) the ghost (soul, breath, life, spirit)c1290 finea1300 spilla1300 part?1316 to leese one's life-daysa1325 to nim the way of deathc1325 to tine, leave, lose the sweatc1330 flit1340 trance1340 determinec1374 disperisha1382 to go the way of all the eartha1382 to be gathered to one's fathers1382 miscarryc1387 shut1390 goa1393 to die upa1400 expirea1400 fleea1400 to pass awaya1400 to seek out of lifea1400–50 to sye hethena1400 tinea1400 trespass14.. espirec1430 to end one's days?a1439 decease1439 to go away?a1450 ungoc1450 unlivec1450 to change one's lifea1470 vade1495 depart1501 to pay one's debt to (also the debt of) naturea1513 to decease this world1515 to go over?1520 jet1530 vade1530 to go westa1532 to pick over the perch1532 galpa1535 to die the death1535 to depart to God1548 to go home1561 mort1568 inlaikc1575 shuffle1576 finish1578 to hop (also tip, pitch over, drop off, etc.) the perch1587 relent1587 unbreathe1589 transpass1592 to lose one's breath1596 to make a die (of it)1611 to go offa1616 fail1623 to go out1635 to peak over the percha1641 exita1652 drop1654 to knock offa1657 to kick upa1658 to pay nature her due1657 ghost1666 to march off1693 to die off1697 pike1697 to drop off1699 tip (over) the perch1699 to pass (also go, be called, etc.) to one's reward1703 sink1718 vent1718 to launch into eternity1719 to join the majority1721 demise1727 to pack off1735 to slip one's cable1751 turf1763 to move off1764 to pop off the hooks1764 to hop off1797 to pass on1805 to go to glory1814 sough1816 to hand in one's accounts1817 to slip one's breatha1819 croak1819 to slip one's wind1819 stiffen1820 weed1824 buy1825 to drop short1826 to fall (a) prey (also victim, sacrifice) to1839 to get one's (also the) call1839 to drop (etc.) off the hooks1840 to unreeve one's lifeline1840 to step out1844 to cash, pass or send in one's checks1845 to hand in one's checks1845 to go off the handle1848 to go under1848 succumb1849 to turn one's toes up1851 to peg out1852 walk1858 snuff1864 to go or be up the flume1865 to pass outc1867 to cash in one's chips1870 to go (also pass over) to the majority1883 to cash in1884 to cop it1884 snuff1885 to belly up1886 perch1886 to kick the bucket1889 off1890 to knock over1892 to pass over1897 to stop one1901 to pass in1904 to hand in one's marble1911 the silver cord is loosed1911 pip1913 to cross over1915 conk1917 to check out1921 to kick off1921 to pack up1925 to step off1926 to take the ferry1928 peg1931 to meet one's Maker1933 to kiss off1935 to crease it1959 zonk1968 cark1977 to cark it1979 to take a dirt nap1981 the mind > mental capacity > expectation > despair, hopelessness > despair [verb (intransitive)] > lose heart to lose heart1544 despond1655 to lose heart1741 demoralize1838 the world > food and drink > drink > thirst > excess in drinking > [verb (intransitive)] > get drunk drunkenc1000 to wash one's face in an ale clout1550 to shoe the goose, gosling1566 to catch, hunt the fox1599 to swallow a tavern-token1601 to read Geneva print1608 to whip the cat1622 inebriate1626 to hunt a tavern-fox1635 fox1649 mug1653 to fuddle one's cap or nose1663 to lose one's legs1770 gin1789 stone1858 to beer up1884 slop1899 to get, have, tie a bun on1901 shicker1906 souse1921 lush1926 to cop a reeler1937 to tie one on1951 the mind > emotion > fear > nervousness or uneasiness > be nervous or uneasy [verb (intransitive)] > lose one's nerve to lose one's nerve1912 bug1952 to lose one's bottle1958 bottle1977 to bottle it1988 the mind > emotion > fear > nervousness or uneasiness > be nervous or uneasy (about) [verb (transitive)] > worry about something to lose sleep over (or about, for)1942 c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 12935 Hire lif heo losede sone. c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness l. 586 If he has losed the lysten. a1470 T. Malory Morte Darthur (Winch. Coll. 13) (1990) I. 143 Sir Arthure loste so muche bloode that hit was mervayle he stoode on his feete. ?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1879) VII. 315 Makynge a statute that whosoever toke a beste þer scholde lose oon eie. 15.. in Lett. Royal & Illustrious Ladies (1846) II. 4 She was like to have lost her mind. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 429/2 I am spechelesse, as a sycke body is that hath lost the use of his speche. 1596 B. Griffin Fidessa vi. sig. B3^v Oh better were I loose ten thousand breaths, Then euer liue in such vnseene disgrace. 1597 F. Bacon Of Coulers Good & Euill (Arb.) 152 As to a monoculos it is more to loose one eye, then to a man that hath two eyes. 1671 J. Milton Samson Agonistes 914 Though sight be lost, Life yet hath many solaces. View more context for this quotation 1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 60. ¶4 In a little Time after he lost his Senses. 1741 J. Ozell tr. P. de B. de Brantôme Spanish Rhodomontades 186 As soon as They were dead, every one lost Heart, having lost their Chief Supports. 1749 G. Lavington Enthusiasm Methodists & Papists: Pt. II 46 A religious Nun devoted to St. Xavier, famed for Skill in Music and a fine Voice, had her Voice lost by a Hoarsness for ten Years. 1770 Gentleman's Mag. Dec. 560 To express the Condition of an Honest Fellow and no Flincher under the Effects of Good Fellowship, he is said to..[have] Lost his legs. 1804 G. Rose Diaries (1860) II. 193 She..rode to Southampton, where she lost some blood. 1852 H. B. Stowe Uncle Tom's Cabin II. xxvii. 117 She acquired an influence over the mind of the destitute child that she never lost. 1912 Chambers's Jrnl. Nov. 739/1 There's nothing here to lose one's nerve about. 1934 G. B. Shaw Too True to be Good iii. 86 When I was wounded and lost my nerve for flying, I became an army chaplain. 1942 H. C. Bailey Dead Man's Shoes iv. 19 ‘I'd like to know why you didn't tell me.’ ‘You told me not to lose any sleep over it.’ 1944 ‘N. Shute’ Pastoral ii. 41 ‘I wasn't losing any sleep for them.’.. ‘Those two have been at this for years.’ 1959 N. Mailer Advts. for Myself (1961) 241 It's not the sort of thing I lose sleep over. 1959 M. Pugh Chancer vii. 91 As two-faced as a cod, a proper chancer. He was a born assassin who lost his nerve. 1967 J. Porter Dover & Unkindest Cut x. 109 Dover hadn't lost any sleep over them... ‘You can't win 'em all,’ he used to say. 1971 Guardian 10 July 9/1 Stolid and conservative Midwesterners..never lost much sleep over the Negroes' troubles. 1974 Guardian 18 Mar. 6/5 Although increasing restrictions on immigration..had been criticised..it is doubtful whether the immigrants themselves have lost much sleep over them. 1975 Times 24 Feb. 14/7 You just have to get straight back on, or else you lose your nerve. The others are far more concerned with the loose horse than the girl lying face down in the dirt. c. With object a person: To be deprived of (a relative, friend, servant, etc.) by death, by local separation, or by severance of the relationship. Also, in somewhat specific sense, of a commander, an army: To suffer loss of (men) by death, capture, wounds, etc. Of a doctor: To fail to preserve the life of (a patient). Also, to fail to give birth to (a live baby); to suffer a miscarriage of (a pregnancy), or the death of (a baby) soon after its birth (colloquial). ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > loss > lose [verb (transitive)] > lose or be deprived of a person leese?c1225 losec1275 society > armed hostility > defeat > suffer defeat [verb (transitive)] > lose (soldiers) losec1275 to use up1785 the world > health and disease > healing > art or science of medicine > practice of healing art > practise the healing art [verb (transitive)] > fail to save patient lose1882 the world > life > source or principle of life > birth > confinement > confine or deliver [verb (transitive)] > give birth > complications of childbirth or pregnancy cast1477 lose1928 c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 2845 Heo loseden [c1300 Otho losede] monie þusend godere monnen. c1405 (c1385) G. Chaucer Knight's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 78 We losten alle oure housbondes at that town. a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. v. 59 Why shuld I apon a day Loyse both my sonnes? 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 749/2 The folysshe gyrle toke on for thought as if she had loste her father she coulde have done no more. 1722 D. Defoe Moll Flanders 135 The Apprehension of losing such a Friend. 1780 Westm. Mag. 8 249 The Resolution had the good luck to come up with the Prothée..and took her without losing a man. 1842 R. Browning Waring in Bells & Pomegranates No. III: Dramatic Lyrics 10/1 How much I loved him, I find out now I've lost him. 1850 Ld. Tennyson Princess (ed. 3) 26 When we came where lies the child We lost in other years. 1880 J. T. Wheeler Short Hist. India 604 The English had lost more than 2,400 officers and men. 1882 S. Wells Ovar. & Uterine Tumours 185 He [McDowell] lost only the last of his first five cases of ovariotomy. 1883 W. D. Howells Woman's Reason (new ed.) II. xx. 176 She had lost her father, who died very suddenly a few days after he sailed. 1895 George Battles Eng. Hist. 208 While Wellington lost about 1300 men, Massena lost considerably over three times that number. 1928 E. O'Neill Strange Interlude iv. 148 He's unhappy now because he thinks he isn't able to give me a child. And I'm unhappy because I've lost my child. 1958 L. M. Uris Exodus ii. x. 253 For five consecutive years she lost children through early miscarriages. 1975 G. Bourne Pregnancy (1981) viii. 120 Pseudocyesis..occurs in some women who have lost a pregnancy or a baby. 1986 J. B. Hilton Moondrop to Murder xvi. 142 She finally gave up hope of losing her baby. She had prayed that exertion, fatigue, suspense and terror would loosen that embryo from the walls of her womb. d. To fail to maintain (a position, a state of mind or body), e.g. to lose patience, one's temper, to lose hold, one's balance, etc. to lose ground: to fail to keep one's position; esp. figurative to decline in reputation, favour, health, etc.to lose caste: see caste n. Phrases. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > anger > irritation > be or become irritated [verb (intransitive)] enchafec1380 fume and chafec1522 chafe1525 to fret and fume1551 rankle1582 to lose patience, one's temper1622 pique1664 to have no patience with1682 ruffle1719 to be out of the way (with)1740 echinate1792 nettle1810 to get one's dander up1831 to set up one's jay-feathers1880 hackle1935 to get off one's bike1939 the world > action or operation > adversity > be in adversity [verb (intransitive)] > fall from prosperous or thriving condition afalleOE wanec1000 fallOE ebba1420 to go backward?a1425 to go down?1440 decay1483 sink?a1513 delapsea1530 reel1529 decline1530 to go backwards1562 rue1576 droop1577 ruina1600 set1607 lapse1641 to lose ground1647 to go to pigs and whistles1794 to come (also go) down in the world1819 to peg out1852 to lose hold, one's balance1877 to go under1879 toboggan1887 slip1930 to turn down1936 c1436 Libel Eng. Policy in Pol. Poems (Rolls) II. 189 In that land..we lesse every yere More grounde and more.] a1470 T. Malory Morte Darthur (Winch. Coll. 13) (1990) I. 143 But allwayes he helde up his shelde and loste no grounde nother batyd no chere. a1586 Sir P. Sidney Arcadia (1590) i. vi. sig. E3 At length, the left winge of the Arcadians began to loose ground. 1622 J. Mabbe tr. M. Alemán Rogue ii. 53 How had they almost made me to lose my patience, and my judgement! 1640 tr. G. S. du Verdier Love & Armes Greeke Princes i. xvi. 68 They brake their staves bravely, without losing their saddles. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost vi. 838 They astonisht all resistance lost, All courage. View more context for this quotation 1712 W. Rogers Cruising Voy. 291 A Current setting to Leeward, we rather lost than got ground. 1775 S. Johnson Let. II. 224 [Quoting Johnson, 13 June (1992)] Boswel is a favourite, but he has lost ground, since I told them that he is married. 1782 J. Priestley Hist. Corruptions Christianity I. iv. 379 Those suspicions were not likely to lose ground. 1843 C. Dickens Martin Chuzzlewit (1844) xi. 137 Chuffey boggled over his plate so long, that Mr. Jonas, losing patience, took it from him at last. 1877 C. H. Spurgeon Serm. XXIII. 320 He has lost caste and lost all ground of glorying. e. occasionally To cease to have, to get rid of (something undesirable, e.g. an ailment). ΚΠ 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost ii. 607 To loose In sweet forgetfulness all pain and woe. View more context for this quotation 1677 Lady Chaworth in 12th Rep. Royal Comm. Hist. MSS (1890) App. v. 42 The Dutchesse hath had an ague in her lyeing inne but hath soone lost it. 1742 W. Collins Persian Eclogues ii. 14 Go teach my Heart, to lose its painful Fears. 1859 Mrs. Trevelyan Let. in G. O. Trevelyan Life & Lett. Macaulay (1876) II. xv. 477 Never, as long as I live, can I lose the sense of misery that I ever left him after Christmas day. a1903 Mod. I have not yet lost my rheumatism. f. Of a thing: To be deprived of or part with (a portion of itself, a quality, or appurtenance). Also with off. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > loss > lose [verb (transitive)] > lose a portion of itself or a quality (of things) losec1330 lose1902 c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. (1810) 221 Þe day lost his coloure, & mirk was as þe nyght. c1405 (c1395) G. Chaucer Franklin's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 308 Til that the brighte sonne loste his hewe. a1616 W. Shakespeare Merry Wives of Windsor (1623) v. v. 218 This deceit looses the name of craft. View more context for this quotation 1645 J. Milton On Christ's Nativity: Hymn ix, in Poems 6 The Air such pleasure loth to lose, With thousand echo's still prolongs each heav'nly close. 1785 W. Cowper Task i. 648 And have thy joys Lost nothing by comparison with ours? 1874 2nd Rep. Vermont State Board Agric. 1873–4 717 I think that tin buckets are preferable for catching sap to wooden ones, as they..have no hoops to lose off. 1881 J. Le Conte Sight 51 When..the hypermetropic eye loses its power of adjustment. 1894 H. Caine Manxman iv. x. 233 Her household duties had lost their interest. 1906 Dial. Notes 3 145 A wheel lost off as they were driving to town. †g. with cognate object, to lose a loss. Also, to lose (= incur) a fine. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > loss > be lost [verb (intransitive)] > suffer loss losec1230 leesec1300 tine1340 to lose a loss1498 vary1532 sweat1533 to be shorn1740 society > authority > punishment > fine > [verb (intransitive)] > incur a fine to be in mercyc1325 finec1325 to lose (= incur) a fine1498 forfeit1727 1498 Old City Acct. Bk. in Archæol. Jrnl. (1886) 43 Item for a fyne lost by John Stone..xxd. 1525 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles II. xxxvii. 109 The countrey of Bierne this hundred yere neuer loste suche a losse. a1542 T. Wyatt Coll. Poems (1969) 95 Graunt theim, goode lorde,..To frete inward for losing such a losse. 1614 S. Ward Let. in R. Parr Life J. Usher (1686) Coll. xiii. 33 We have lost..a great loss by Mr. Casaubon's untimely decease. †h. with infinitive: To be deprived of the power or opportunity (of doing something). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > loss > lose [verb (transitive)] > lose power or opportunity of doing lose1616 1616 B. Jonson Forrest xiii. 4 in Wks. I What th' haue lost t' expect, they dare deride. 1671 J. Milton Paradise Regain'd i. 377 Though I have lost..To be belov'd of God, I have not lost To love. View more context for this quotation i. The passive is often used without any reference to a determinate person or thing as ‘losing’; e.g. (of an art, etc.) to cease to be known or practised; (of a quality, etc.) to cease to be present. Cf. lost adj. ΚΠ 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost xii. 429 This God-like act Annuls thy doom, the death thou shouldst have dy'd, In sin for ever lost from life. View more context for this quotation 1670 J. Ray Coll. Eng. Prov. 117 It's not lost that comes at last. All is not lost that is in danger. 1700 J. Dryden Fables Pref. sig. D^v The Name of its Author being wholly lost. 1722 J. Quincy Lexicon Physico-medicum* (ed. 2) 264/1 In all Percussions the Stroke is proportional to the Force lost. 1779 S. Johnson Cowley in Pref. Wks. Eng. Poets I. 153 If what he thinks be true, that his numbers are unmusical only when they are ill read, the art of reading them is at present lost. 1842 Ld. Tennyson Morte d'Arthur in Poems (new ed.) II. 8 Surely a precious thing,..Should thus be lost for ever from the earth. 1870 M. Arnold St. Paul & Protestantism 160 From which [chapters] Paul's whole theology, if all his other writings were lost, might be reconstructed. 1897 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. IV. 818 The quality of the voice may be unaltered or completely lost. j. to lose a dinner (or a meal): to vomit (what one has recently eaten).Examples are Australian and U.S. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > digestive disorders > have digestive disorder [verb (intransitive)] > vomit spewc897 vomea1382 brake1393 perbreak?a1400 castc1440 envomish1480 parbreak1495 vomita1500 to cast the crawa1529 to cast (up), heave, spue up, vomit one's gorgea1529 galpa1535 to cast out1561 puke1586 purge1596 void1605 to jerk, shoot, whip the cat1609 rid1647 to flay the fox1653 posset1781 to shoot the cat1785 to throw up1793 throw1804 cascade1805 reject1822 yark1867 sick1924 to toss (also shoot, blow, etc.) one's cookies1927 to lose a dinner (or a meal)1941 to spew one's ring1949 chunder1950 barf1960 upchuck1960 yuck1963 ralph1966 to go for the big spit1967 vom1991 1941 S. J. Baker Pop. Dict. Austral. Slang 44 Lose a meal, to vomit up food. 1952 M. R. Rinehart Swimming Pool xxv. 227 I'm going to lose my dinner. 4. absol. or intransitive. a. To suffer loss; to cease to possess something; to be deprived of or part with some of his or its possessions, attributes, or qualities; to become deteriorated or incur disadvantage. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > loss > be lost [verb (intransitive)] > suffer loss losec1230 leesec1300 tine1340 to lose a loss1498 vary1532 sweat1533 to be shorn1740 c1230 Hali Meid. 41 Ha beon eauer feard for to losen [elsewhere, and here in MS. Bodl. leosen]. 1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) iv. l. 336 Now want, now has, now los, now can wyn. 1611 Bible (King James) Ecclus. iii. 6 A time to get, and a time to lose . View more context for this quotation a1616 W. Shakespeare Taming of Shrew (1623) Induct. ii. 98 Thou shalt not loose by it. View more context for this quotation 1643 J. Burroughes Expos. Hosea (1652) 75 There is nothing lost in being willing to lose for God. 1697 J. Dryden Ded. Æneis in tr. Virgil Wks. sig. f1 Thus by gaining abroad he lost at home. 1838 T. B. Macaulay Sir W. Temple in Ess. (1887) 440 He never put himself prominently before the public eye, except at conjunctures when he was almost certain to gain and could not possibly lose. 1850 Ld. Tennyson In Memoriam xxvii. 44 'Tis better to have loved and lost Than never to have loved at all. View more context for this quotation 1895 George Battles Eng. Hist. 313 Fortunately the Sikhs had lost so severely that no evil consequences followed. 1898 Folk-Lore Sept. 198 The other was undertaken by a publisher, who lost on it. 1903 N.E.D. at Lose Mod. Both armies lost heavily. b. Of an immaterial thing: To be deprived of its power or force. rare. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > weakness or feebleness > become weak or feeble [verb (intransitive)] lose1794 1794 H. L. Piozzi Brit. Synonymy II. 56 Our authors plunder French comedies in vain; the humour loses and evaporates. 1900 R. J. Drummond Apost. Teaching i. 33 The words are only understood in their setting. They lose immensely when isolated. c. Const. in, †of, with partitive sense. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > loss > lose [verb (transitive)] > lose a portion of itself or a quality (of things) losec1330 lose1902 1642 T. Fuller Holy State iii. v. 163 Gold alwayes worn in the same purse with silver loses both of the colour and weight. 1753 A. Murphy Gray's Inn Jrnl. No. 33 These Allurements soon began to lose of their Influence. 1787 J. Hawkins Life Johnson 49 I told him it would lose of its beauty if it were so published. 1802 T. Beddoes Hygëia II. v. 54 Every muscle, steeped in a heated medium, loses of its contractility. 1902 Chambers's Jrnl. July 441/2 A bird does not gather speed when sailing in the air, as a falling stone would, neither does it lose in pace. 1913 Q. Rev. Oct. 413 As a consequence the work loses in freshness and even in clearness. 1947 Harrap's Stand. French & Eng. Dict. II. 728/2 The incident did not lose in the telling... To lose in value, in interest. d. Originally U.S. to lose out: to be unsuccessful, to fail. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > failure or lack of success > fail or be unsuccessful [verb (intransitive)] withsitc1330 fail1340 defaulta1382 errc1430 to fall (also go) by the wayside1526 misthrive1567 miss1599 to come bad, or no, speedc1600 shrink1608 abortivea1670 maroon1717 to flash in the pan1792 skunk1831 to go to the dickens1833 to miss fire1838 to fall flat1841 fizzle1847 to lose out1858 to fall down1873 to crap out1891 flivver1912 flop1919 skid1920 to lay an egg1929 to blow out1939 to strike out1946 bomb1963 to come (also have) a buster1968 1858 H. Bushnell Serm. for New Life ix. 176 The child brought up a thief gets an infinite power of cunning..and loses out just as much in the power of true perception. 1904 Charlotte Observer 4 Oct. 4 News comes from New York that Editor Hearst may lose out in his race for renomination as Congressman. 1909 ‘O. Henry’ Roads of Destiny iv. 66 I know you've lost out some by not having me to typewrite 'em. 1911 R. D. Saunders Col. Todhunter vii. 101 That's right where you're going to lose out, Tim. 1913 E. D. Biggers Seven Keys to Baldpate xiii. 165 But it's over, and you've lost out. 1929 Randolph (W. Va.) Enterprise 14 Mar. 4/1 Elkins rather lost out in the new deal down at Charleston. 1930 C. S. Johnson Negro in Amer. Civilization (1931) xxvi. 396 Is it not true that the Negro female is losing out in personal service? So often newspapers are specifying white in their want ads. 1942 E. Paul Narrow Street xvii. 133 Daladier made a bid for the premiership and lost out because Briand would not play ball with him. 1947 ‘G. Orwell’ Eng. People 38 The American tendency is to burden every verb with a preposition that adds nothing to its meaning (win out, lose out, face up to, etc.). 1959 Encounter Sept. 16/1 It will probably lose out in the competition. 1963 S. Douglas Years of Combat x. 251 Tracers might come whistling past one's ears, indicating all too clearly that the enemy..was on the attack. If that happened it meant that we had lost out in the preliminary tactical manoeuvrings. 1966 Listener 10 Mar. 337/2 It could be that both China and America are losing out to the Russians. 1971 Guardian 23 July 5/2 We are going to lose out unless the Government are prepared to do a tremendous public relations job for the tourist industry here. 1972 Newsweek 10 July 15/2 Rep. Bella Abzug..lost out in her bid for a second term in Congress. 1973 Times 30 June 13/6 The monstrous proliferation of redundant prepositions in the ever more popular usages ‘check up on’, ‘lose out to’, ‘meet up with’. e. Of a clock, watch, etc.: to become slow (slow adj. 18b); to indicate a time earlier than the correct time. Also transitive, to run slow by the amount of (a specified period). ΘΚΠ the world > time > instruments for measuring time > clock > [verb (intransitive)] > go fast or slow go1508 to go or run on wheels1738 to go wrong1809 gain1861 lose1861 the world > time > instruments for measuring time > clock > [verb (transitive)] > lose or gain time get1675 lose1955 1861 Horological Jrnl. June 123/2 When the watch is in a horizontal position, the weight of the balance is supported on a single point, hence its greater freedom of motion and tendency to gain. 1870 ‘M. Twain’ in Galaxy Dec. 882/2 My beautiful new watch had run eighteen months without losing or gaining. 1917 H. E. Dudeney Amusem. in Math. 10/1 Does that watch gain or lose, and how much per hour? 1955 Oxf. Junior Encycl. VIII. 81/2 A pendulum clock with a steel rod loses 2½ seconds per day for a rise of temperature of 10°F. 1972 Which? Aug. 244 At the same time each day the amount they had gained or lost was noted, and they were wound. 5. a. To become, permanently or temporarily, unable to find in one's own possession or custody; to cease to know the whereabouts of (a portable object, an animal, etc.) because it has strayed or gone unawares from one's possession, or has simply been mislaid. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > loss > lose [verb (transitive)] losec950 forgarc1175 letc1200 leese?c1225 forgoc1275 tinec1300 wanta1425 lessena1500 becosta1522 amit1525 perish1531 to make shipwreck of1588 to come short of1690 the mind > possession > loss > lose [verb (transitive)] > become unable to find losec950 missc1175 leese?c1225 c950 Lindisf. Gosp. Luke xv. 4 gif forlorað vel losað enne of ðæm. c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Luke xv. 4 What man of ȝou that hath an hundrid scheep, and if he hath lost oon of hem..he leeuith..nynty and nyne in desert? c1422 T. Hoccleve Tale Jonathas 318 Y haue a fere..thow woldest it leese, As thow lostist my ryng. 1567 Compend. Bk. Godly Songs (1897) 37 My Sone was loste, and now is found. a1616 W. Shakespeare Two Gentlemen of Verona (1623) ii. i. 21 Like a Schoole-boy that had lost his A.B.C. View more context for this quotation 1655 tr. C. Sorel Comical Hist. Francion vii. 12 We demanded if they had not taken up a Hawk which we had lost. 1718 M. Prior Dove 8 Venus wept the sad disaster Of having lost her favourite dove. 1743 J. Bulkeley & J. Cummins Voy. to South-seas 110 She told me Mr. B——n had lost his Hat. 1847 Ld. Tennyson Princess iv. 74 Since her horse was lost I left her mine. 1872 J. Morley Voltaire i. 5 Humanity had lost its title-deeds, and he had recovered them. b. To fail to keep in sight. Also, to lose sight of (literal and figurative): see sight n.¹ Also occasionally, to cease to hear (poetic); †to fail to follow (a person) in argument (obsolete or archaic). ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > not seeing or preventing from seeing > prevent from seeing [verb (transitive)] > lose sight of lose1589 the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of ear > disordered hearing > have a hearing disorder [verb (transitive)] > lose hearing lose1832 1589 J. Jane in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations iii. 789 The master..was afrayd his men would shape some contrarie course while he was a sleep, and so he should loose vs. a1592 H. Smith Serm. (1637) 349 This is our life while we enjoy it, we lose it like the Sunne which flies swifter than an arrow, and yet no man perceives that it moves. 1634 T. Herbert Relation Some Yeares Trauaile 11 Wee once more got sight of the Carracke, and lost her for euer, in two houres after. 1640 J. Shirley Constant Maid iv. F2^v I cannot see i' th' darke with spectacles, And mine owne eyes ha' lost him o' the suddaine. a1665 K. Digby Jrnl. Voy. to Mediterranean (1868) 3 If wee should chance at any time to loose each other, vpon sight againe [etc.]. 1725 R. Wodrow Corr. (1843) III. 173 I thought, upon infinity, he was running into Sir Isaac Newton's notion of infinite space being the divine sensorium,..but, indeed, many times I lost him. 1832 Ld. Tennyson Dream Fair Women lxix, in Poems (new ed.) 139 Losing her carol I stood pensively. c. To draw away from, be no longer near or among; to leave hopelessly behind in a race. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going away > go away from [verb (transitive)] > leave behind by superior speed outrunc1460 to show (a person) a (clean or fair) pair of heels (also one's heels)1595 to have (also get) the heels of1649 to throw out1682 distance1691 to throw off1695 lose1709 to gain ground of1719 to gain from1805 1709 A. Pope Autumn in Poet. Misc.: 6th Pt. vi. 742 Here where the Mountains less'ning as they rise, Lose the low Vales, and steal into the Skies. 1748 B. Robins & R. Walter Voy. round World by Anson ii. v. 180 We did not lose them [sc. flying fish] on the coast of Brazil, till we approached the southern tropic. 1886 F. H. Doyle Reminisc. 63 Where his great stride and iron legs would have enabled him, in the language of the turf, to lose his antagonist. †d. To fail to retain in the mind or memory; to forget. Also said of the mind or memory. to lose it that..: to forget that. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > memory > faulty recollection > recollect wrongly [verb (transitive)] > forget, cease to know forgetc888 unremember1484 tine1513 lose1530 retire1549 unknowa1586 forlet1813 disremember1815 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 556/1 I forget, I have loste a thynge out of remembraunce. 1594 W. Shakespeare Venus & Adonis (new ed.) sig. D^v The lesson is but plaine, And once made perfect, neuer lost againe. 1600 W. Shakespeare Midsummer Night's Dream i. i. 114 Being ouer full of selfe affaires, My minde did loose it. View more context for this quotation 1612 T. Dekker If it be not Good ii. ii. 105 My memorie had quite lost you. 1623 W. Shakespeare & J. Fletcher Henry VIII ii. i. 58 Heare what I say, and then goe home and lose me. View more context for this quotation 1673 J. Milton Psalm LXXXIII in Poems (new ed.) 151 That Israels name for ever may Be lost in memory. 1703 N. Rowe Fair Penitent v. i Here let Remembrance lose our past Misfortunes. 1712 S. Sewall Diary 11 Apr. (1973) II. 685 Had quite lost it that the Meeting was at Mr. Stoddard's. 1885 M. Arnold in Contemp. Rev. Apr. 458 Who can ever lose out of his memory the roll and march of those magnificent words of prophecy?] e. To cease to follow (the right track); also, to cease to find (traces of a person, etc.). Chiefly in to lose one's way (literal and figurative). †Of a river: To diverge from (its channel). ΘΚΠ society > travel > aspects of travel > travel in specific course or direction > direct (one's course, steps, etc.) [verb (transitive)] > lose (the way) lose1530 society > travel > aspects of travel > travel in specific course or direction > direct one's course [verb (intransitive)] > miss one's way > be lost maska1387 willc1390 mara1450 to lose one's way1530 to walk will of one's way1572 wilder1658 maroon1699 to get slewed1929 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 771/1 I wander, as one dothe that hath loste his waye. 1582 N. Lichefield tr. F. L. de Castanheda 1st Bk. Hist. Discouerie E. Indias i. viii. 20 They had willingly lost their course. 1615 G. Sandys Relation of Journey ii. 94 Nor is it a thing extraordinary for riuers to lose their channels. 1709 M. Prior Cloe Hunting 3 She lost her way, And thro' the Woods uncertain chanc'd to stray. 1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. iii. 373 Pepys and his wife, travelling in their own coach, lost their way between Newbury and Reading. 1893 Family Herald 132/1 After she had walked a little farther, she lost trail altogether. †f. To allow to escape from one's power or influence. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > relinquishing > relinquish or give up [verb (transitive)] > part with or let go > from one's power or control to let loose1530 losea1715 to let out of1840 a1715 Bp. G. Burnet Hist. Own Time (1724) I. 378 Instead of prevailing on the Prince, he lost him so entirely, that all his endeavours afterwards could never beget any confidence in him. g. To let slip one's knowledge of (a language). ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > memory > faulty recollection > recollect wrongly [verb (transitive)] > forget, cease to know > a language lose1718 1718 Lady M. W. Montagu Let. 16 Mar. (1965) I. 390 I am in great danger of loseing my English. 6. a. To spend unprofitably or in vain; to waste, get no return or result for (one's labour or efforts); to let slip (opportunities) without using them to good purpose; to waste (time). ΘΚΠ the world > time > spending time > spend time or allow time to pass [verb (transitive)] > waste time leese?c1225 losea1340 defer1382 wastea1400 slip1435 consumea1500 superexpend1513 slow?1522 sloth1523 to fode forth1525 slack1548 dree1584 sleuth1584 confound1598 spenda1604 to fret out1608 to spin out1608 misplace1609 spend1614 tavern1628 devast1632 to drill away, on, outa1656 dulla1682 to dally away1685 squander1693 to linger awaya1704 dangle1727 dawdle1768 slim1812 diddle1826 to run out the clock1957 the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > disadvantage > uselessness > misuse > [verb (transitive)] > fail to take use or advantage of leese?c1225 losea1340 missa1628 waste1836 maunder1846 the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > disadvantage > uselessness > uselessness, vanity, or futility > be of no avail [verb (intransitive)] > expend effort in vain to lose or spill one's whilec1175 to speak to the windc1330 tinec1330 to beat the windc1375 lose?a1513 to boil, roast, or wash a stonea1529 to lose (one's) oil1548 to plough the sand (also sands)a1565 to wash an ass's head (or ears)1581 to wash an Ethiop, a blackamoor (white)1581 to wash a wall of loam, a brick or tilea1600 to milk the bull (also he-goat, ram)1616 to bark against (or at) the moona1641 dead horse1640 to cast stones against the wind1657 dry-ditcha1670 baffle1860 to go, run or rush (a)round in circles1933 the world > time > a suitable time or opportunity > have the opportunity [verb (intransitive)] > miss an opportunity to let slip1549 to miss of ——a1628 lose1632 a1340 R. Rolle Psalter xxvi. 20 Suffre that thou suffirs for god and of god, for wa is þaim þat losis suffrynge. c1374 G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde ii. 1700 (1749) Lest tyme I loste, I dar not with yow dele. a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1872) IV. 461 Allas! my freendes, þis day I have y-lost. c1400 Rom. Rose 5153 Fully on me she lost hir lore. 1407 H. Scogan Moral Balade 36 Tyme y-lost in youthe folily Greveth a wight goostly and bodily. a1470 T. Malory Morte Darthur (Winch. Coll. 13) (1990) II. 1084 She ys nat the firste that hath loste hir payne uppon you. a1500 (?c1450) Merlin i. 6 And so shold ye loose youre tyme. a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 258 The labour lost and liell seruice. 1581 G. Pettie tr. S. Guazzo Ciuile Conuersat. (1586) i. 26 Now to loose no more time about this point, I saie vnto you, y^t[etc.]. 1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. iii. sig. C5 But when she saw her prayers nought preuaile, Shee backe retourned with some labour lost. 1615 W. Lawson Country Housewifes Garden (1626) 12 All your labour past and to come about an Orchard is lost vnlesse you fence well. 1632 R. Sanderson 12 Serm. 233 True zeale..will not loose the opportunity of doing what it ought, for waiting till others beginne. 1637 J. Milton Comus 10 Ill is lost that praise That is addrest to unattending Eares. 1738 J. Swift Compl. Coll. Genteel Conversat. 127 Fall to, you know Half an Hour is soon lost at Dinner. 1770 S. Foote Lame Lover ii. 51 The constables will be here in a trice, so you have not a moment to lose. 1819 G. Crabbe Tales of Hall I. ix. 225 How much she grieved to lose the given day In dissipation wild, in visitation gay. 1847 F. Marryat Children of New Forest I. v. 86 There is no time to be lost. 1896 G. N. Boothby In Strange Company ii. vi. 55/1 A..fellow who never lost a chance of making himself objectionable. b. to be lost on or upon: to have no effect upon, to fail to influence. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > disadvantage > uselessness > uselessness, vanity, or futility > be of no avail to [verb (transitive)] > have no effect upon to be lost on or upona1616 to cut ice1894 a1616 W. Shakespeare Tempest (1623) iv. i. 190 On whom my paines Humanely taken, all, all lost, quite lost. View more context for this quotation 1692 Bp. G. Burnet Disc. Pastoral Care ix. 111 Niceties of Style are lost before a common Auditory.] 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis xi, in tr. Virgil Wks. 569 Thin Stratagems, and Tricks of little Hearts Are lost on me. 1833 H. Martineau Brooke & Brooke Farm (ed. 3) xi. 131 Your kindness is not lost upon me. 1844 B. Disraeli Coningsby I. i. iii. 32 Nothing, however, was ever lost upon Lord Monmouth. No one had a more retentive memory, or a more observant mind. 1900 J. A. H. Murray Evol. Eng. Lexicogr. 6 The real humour of the situation..was..lost upon the House of Commons. 7. a. To fail to obtain (something one might have had): occasionally const. to. Also, to fail to catch (a train, etc.). †to lose aim: to miss one's mark. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > acquisition > not obtaining or acquiring > not to obtain [verb (transitive)] mistec1275 missa1325 tinea1325 fail1377 losea1387 to come short of1570 to fall by1614 the world > movement > impact > striking > strike or deliver blows [verb (intransitive)] > fail to strike misyengec1275 miss1535 fail1590 to lose aim1611 to fall shorta1688 err1801 society > travel > rail travel > [verb (transitive)] > fail to catch a train lose1884 miss1886 a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1876) VI. 185 He schal lese [MS. γ luse] hevene þat wil hem take awey. 1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis I. 153 Adam for Pride loste his pris. a1400 K. Alis. (Linc. Inn MS.) 4282 Darie haþ ylost his pray. a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. iii. 40 Wheder I lose or I wyn, In fayth, thi felowship Set I not at a pyn. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VI f. cxlj^v Meanyng not to lose so great a prey. 1611 Bible (King James) Matt. x. 42 Hee shall in no wise lose his reward. View more context for this quotation a1616 W. Shakespeare Antony & Cleopatra (1623) iv. xv. 71 Shall I do that which all the Parthian Darts, (Though Enemy) lost ayme, and could not. View more context for this quotation a1616 W. Shakespeare Measure for Measure (1623) i. iv. 78 Our doubts are traitors And makes vs loose the good we oft might win, By fearing to attempt. View more context for this quotation 1632 P. Massinger Maid of Honour v. i. sig. K2 If you forsweare your selfe we shall not prosper. I'll rather loose my longing. 1650 R. Baxter Saints Everlasting Rest (1656) iv. 132 Where God loses his praise, man will certainly lose his comforts. 1711 J. Swift Jrnl. to Stella 12 May (1948) I. 267 Mr. secretary..brought me to our town's end in his coach; so I lost my walk. 1775 J. Harris Philos. Arrangem. xii. 305 The swift footed Salius lost the prize to young Euryalus. 1830 J. Jekyll Let. 27 Nov. in Corr. (1894) 256 Rather than lose her legacy, she hung him on to the window bar. 1884 Congregationalist June 493 I once nearly lost a train on account of it. 1900 ‘F. Anstey’ Brass Bottle ii. 22 ‘A guinea. For the last time. You'll lose it, sir’, said the auctioneer to the little man. b. To fail to apprehend by sight or hearing; not to ‘catch’ (words, points of a discourse). ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > misinterpretation > misinterpret [verb (transitive)] misunderstanda1225 mistake1402 misconstruea1425 miskenc1480 misgloze1532 misinterpret1547 missense1560 wrest1563 misdeem1570 misconceive1586 misconstruct1596 misinfer1597 misconceit1598 misknowa1600 to look beyond1600 lose1600 mismean1605 misprize1609 misread1612 misween1614 misimagine1626 misapprehend1628 construea1640 mislead1654 equivocate1665 misrender1674 misaccept1697 miscomprehend1813 read1879 misperceive1911 1600 W. Shakespeare Much Ado about Nothing iii. i. 32 Then go we neare her that her eare loose nothing. View more context for this quotation 1604 E. Grimeston tr. J. de Acosta Nat. & Morall Hist. Indies ii. vii. 97 Being too farre off from any thing, wee loose the sight, and too neere likewise, we cannot see it. 1785 W. Cowper Task iii. 599 Fearing each to lose Some note of Nature's music from his lips. 1903 N.E.D. at Lose Mod. I did not lose a word of his speech. †c. To fail to attend; to ‘miss’. Obsolete.Also formerly at Cambridge University, to lose one's week: not to be allowed to count towards the obligatory number of weeks of residence a week in which the required number of chapels had not been kept. ΘΚΠ the world > time > a suitable time or opportunity > untimeliness > [verb (transitive)] > be late for or miss (to come) lag of1552 lose1711 to miss of ——1777 miss1823 1711 J. Swift Jrnl. to Stella 4 Aug. (1948) I. 326 I lost church to-day. 1847 Ld. Tennyson Princess Prol. 8 They lost their weeks; they vext the souls of deans. d. Hunting. To fail to catch (an animal). ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > hunting > hunt [verb (transitive)] > lose game lose1567 1567 J. Maplet Greene Forest f. 68^v I had rather (as they say lose the Hare) then to take such infinite paines as to hunt so farre for hir. 1883 Ld. Saltoun Scraps I. 104 The grey~hounds took up the chase, and either killed or lost her. 8. a. To be deprived of (something) in a contest or game; to forfeit (a stake); hence, to be defeated in (a game, battle, lawsuit); to fail to carry (a motion). Also in Cricket: To have (a wicket) taken by an opponent. Const. to. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > failure or lack of success > defeat or overthrow > be defeated in [verb (transitive)] losec1515 society > armed hostility > defeat > suffer defeat [verb (transitive)] > lose (a battle) losec1515 tinec1550 society > leisure > sport > winning, losing, or scoring > win, lose, or score [verb (transitive)] > lose losec1515 c1515 Ld. Berners tr. Bk. Duke Huon of Burdeux (1882–7) liii. 180 She lost y^e game wherof Huon was ioyfull. 1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. ccx Foughte a battell in Piedmont, with the French men..and lost the felde. 1597 W. Shakespeare Richard III iv. iv. 467 While we reason here, A royall battell might be wonne and lost . View more context for this quotation a1616 W. Shakespeare Coriolanus (1623) i. viii. 4 If we loose the Field, We cannot keepe the Towne. View more context for this quotation 1671 Lady M. Bertie in 12th Rep. Royal Comm. Hist. MSS (1890) App. v. 22 Wee play sometimes at trante a courante where my old ill lucke follows mee to loose my money. 1710 Act 9 Anne c. 19 §2 Any Person or Persons..who shall at any Time or sitting by playing at Cards..lose to any One or more..Persons..the Sum..of Ten Pounds. 1799 H. K. White Let Sept. in Remains (1807) I. 62 The Corporation versus Gee, which we..lost. 1836 C. Dickens Sketches by Boz 1st Ser. I. 37 The motion was lost by a majority of two. 1843 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 54 171 I lost my wicket to the first ball. 1847 Ld. Tennyson Princess vi. 121 When our side was vanquished and my cause For ever lost. 1872 Punch 27 Jan. 41/2 We never lost a game to a professional at billiards without hearing him assign his triumph chiefly to his flukes. 1885 Manch. Examiner 10 July 5/1 The Southerners had scored 78 without losing a wicket. b. absol. To be defeated; also, to forfeit money by defeat in a game. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > defeat > be defeated [verb (intransitive)] to have (also get) the worsec1275 leesec1300 to lick the dust, the earth1382 to get (also have) the waura1393 to go downa1400 to go away (also flee) with the worsea1413 to have the worsta1470 to go to (also unto) the worse1485 to go by the worse (also worst)1528 to have the overthrow1536 lose1548 tine1681 the world > action or operation > failure or lack of success > defeat or overthrow > be defeated or overthrown [verb (intransitive)] > be defeated or lose to have (also get) the worsec1275 leesec1300 lose1548 to deserve or lose the bell1600 to have the lower hand1693 to have the second best1708 to come off second best1777 skunk1867 to be dumped on1967 1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VI f. cxvj Accordyng to the chaunce of war, the one part gat, and the other lost. 1594 W. Shakespeare Lucrece sig. F2^v A captiue victor that hath lost in gaine. View more context for this quotation 1608 W. Shakespeare King Lear xxiv. 15 Who looses, and who wins, whose in, whose out. View more context for this quotation 1622 J. Mabbe tr. M. Alemán Rogue i. 21 Their game was Primera..; my mother, shee got the money, for my father was willing to lose to her. 1669 Lady Chaworth in 12th Rep. Royal Comm. Hist. MSS (1890) App. v. 11 I heere your horse hath lost. 1738 J. Swift Compl. Coll. Genteel Conversat. 198 She lost at one Sitting to the Tune of a hundred Guineas. a1822 P. B. Shelley tr. P. Calderon Scenes from Magico Prodigioso in Posthumous Poems (1824) 369 The battle's loss may profit those who lose. 1885 O. W. Holmes, Jr. in Law Q. Rev. Apr. 172 Tacitus says that the Germans would gamble their personal liberty and pay with their persons if they lost. 9. Causal senses. a. To cause the loss of: often const. dative of the person suffering loss. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > loss > lose [verb (transitive)] > cause loss of lose1428 tine?a1500 leese1550 forfeit1619 1428–9 in Hist. MSS Comm.: 10th Rep.: App. Pt. V: MSS Marquis of Ormonde &c. (1885) 295 in Parl. Papers (C. 4576-I) XLII. 1 Whatt ever man..bringe warre upon the citie, whereby they bene prayed and losid thair goods. 1598 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 1 iii. i. 183 Pride, hautinesse [etc.],..The least of which hanting a noble man, Looseth mens harts. 1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet i. iii. 76 Loue oft looses both it selfe, and friend. 1608 W. Shakespeare King Lear i. 148 My life I neuer held but as a pawne..nor feare to lose it. View more context for this quotation 1620 F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Phylaster iv. 53 I pray that this action loose not Phylaster the hearts of the people. 1640 in J. Nicholson Minute Bk. War Comm. Covenanters Kirkcudbright 3 Nov. (1855) 76 If they [sc. shoes] come not with expedition the want of thame will lose all our sogers. 1699 Wotton Let. in Bentley Phal. Pref. 12 I did not think that a sufficient reason, why I should lose that Treatise to the World. 1763 E. Hoyle Whist 25 Do not overtrump him, which may probably lose you two or three Tricks. 1803 J. Marshall Writings upon Federal Constit. (1839) 8 A loss of the commission would lose the office. 1871 E. A. Freeman Hist. Ess. 1st Ser. vii. 195 The crimes of John lost him all the northern part of his French possessions. b. To cause (a person) to ‘lose his way’; to bewilder. Esp. in you('ve) lost me = ‘I failed to follow what you were saying’. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > inattention > mental wandering > confuse, bewilder [verb (transitive)] bewhapec1320 mara1350 blunder?a1400 mada1425 to turn a person's brainc1440 astonish1530 maskc1540 dare1547 bemud1599 bedazea1605 dizzy1604 bemist1609 muddify1647 lose1649 bafflea1657 bewildera1680 bother?1718 bemuse1734 muddlea1748 flurrya1757 muzz1786 muzzle1796 flusker1841 haze1858 bemuddle1862 jitter1932 giggle- the mind > mental capacity > lack of understanding > fail to comprehend [verb (intransitive)] uncomprehend1602 to have no idea1782 we had one but the wheel came off1937 you('ve) lost me1962 1649 Εἰκων Βασιλικη xvi. 157 Nor are constant Formes of Prayers more likely to flat, and hinder the Spirit of prayer,..then un-premeditated and confused uariety to distract, and lose it. 1692 S. Patrick Answer to Touchstone of Reformed Gospel 15 He only endeavours to lose his Reader in a mist of Words. 1962 L. Deighton Ipcress File vii. 42 ‘They have money..to investigate what they call “synthesised environment”.’ I said, ‘You've lost me now—without trying.’ 1967 ‘V. Siller’ Biltmore Call 103 Frazer..looked up, frowning. ‘You've lost me. What do you mean, exactly?’ 1970 ‘R. Lewis’ Wolf by Ears i. 11 You will have to be a little more explicit in your statements. I'm a bit lost. 1970 ‘R. Lewis’ Wolf by Ears i. 17 ‘You've lost me.’ ‘Put simply, it's this way.’ 1973 Observatory Oct. 162 You lost me at one stage. †c. ? To cause to be forgotten. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > memory > faulty recollection > recollect wrongly [verb (transitive)] > cause to be forgotten smotherc1592 lose1670 1670 J. Dryden & W. Davenant Shakespeare's Tempest iv. 68 Have fifteen years So lost me to your knowledge, that you retain No memory of Prospero? 1724 R. Wodrow Corr. (1843) III. 130 It requires a much better memory than mine to resume such long work, and one harangue loses the former to me. †d. To reject (a bill in parliament). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > law > legislation > make (laws) or establish as law [verb (transitive)] > defeat or veto a bill to throw out1604 lose1663 to kill a bill1832 1663 S. Pepys Diary 27 July (1971) IV. 249 A Bill for the Lord's day which it seems the Lords have lost, and so cannot be passed. 10. reflexive (with corresponding passive). a. To lose one's way, go astray. Also figurative. ΘΚΠ society > travel > aspects of travel > travel in specific course or direction > direct one's course [verb (reflexive)] > be or get lost lose1535 to forget oneself1582 1535 Bible (Coverdale) Psalms cxviii[i]. 176 I go astraye as a shepe that is lost. 1581 W. Lambarde Eirenarcha (1602) iv. iv. 390 The hearer would be many times lost, before I shoulde come to the end. 1581 G. Pettie tr. S. Guazzo Ciuile Conuersat. (1586) i. 14 But to what end goe I to loose my selfe in the intricate labirinth of the abuses & disorders of our time. 1604 E. Grimeston tr. J. de Acosta Nat. & Morall Hist. Indies i. xxi. 69 They must of necessitie loose themselves, having no knowledge where they were. a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 3 (1623) iii. ii. 174 Like one lost in a Thornie Wood. View more context for this quotation 1643 Sir T. Browne Religio Medici (authorized ed.) i. §9 I love to lose my selfe in a mystery. View more context for this quotation 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost ii. 561 In wandring mazes lost . View more context for this quotation a1780 J. Harris Philol. Inq. (1781) iii. vii. 346 Arabian poetry is so immense a field, that he, who enters it, is in danger of being lost. 1859 Ld. Tennyson Elaine in Idylls of King 159 O'er these waste downs whereon I lost myself. b. To lose one's (or its) identity; to become merged (in something else). literal and figurative. ΚΠ 1604 E. Grimeston tr. J. de Acosta Nat. & Morall Hist. Indies ii. vi. 93 Ten great rivers which loose themselves entring into that Lake. 1781 J. Moore View Soc. Italy (1790) I. xli. 445 The Via Sacra was a street leading to the Forum, and lost in it. 1813 J. Austen Pride & Prejudice II. xvii. 199 All surprise was shortly lost in other feelings. View more context for this quotation 1822 C. Lamb Detached Thoughts on Bks. in Elia 2nd Ser. I love to lose myself in other men's minds. 1893 F. J. A. Hort Way, Truth, Life ii. 62 By the Resurrection and Ascension His Apostleship had been visibly lost in His Sonship. c. To become deeply absorbed or engrossed (in thought, etc.); to be bewildered, overwhelmed (in wonder); †to be distracted, lose one's wits (from emotion or excitement). ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > attention > earnest attention, concentration > be absorbed in [verb (intransitive)] buryc1380 porec1387 sinka1400 withgoa1400 founce1430 resta1500 intend?1504 to busy one's brains?1532 lose1604 immerse1667 to give into ——1692 to make a study of1884 the mind > attention and judgement > attention > earnest attention, concentration > be engrossed [verb (reflexive)] arrest1502 intend?1504 settle1530 lose1604 immerse1664 the mind > attention and judgement > inattention > mental wandering > be distracted [verb (reflexive)] lose1604 1604 E. Grimeston tr. J. de Acosta Nat. & Morall Hist. Indies v. v. 339 They were lost in their own imaginations and conceipts. a1616 W. Shakespeare Macbeth (1623) ii. ii. 69 Be not lost So poorely in your thoughts. View more context for this quotation a1616 W. Shakespeare Antony & Cleopatra (1623) i. ii. 110 These strong Egyptian Fetters I must breake, Or loose my selfe in dotage. View more context for this quotation 1639 J. Shirley Maides Revenge iv. sig. G2^v I almost lose my selfe In joy to meete him. 1712 J. Addison Spectator No. 453. ¶ 8 Transported with the View; I'm lost In Wonder, Love, and Praise. 1798 W. S. Landor Gebir i. 97 I neither feed the flock nor watch the fold; How can I, lost in love? 1809 W. Irving Hist. N.Y. I. ii. v. 109 As I pace the darkened chamber and lose myself in melancholy musings, the shadowy images around me almost seem to steal once more into existence. 1875 B. Jowett tr. Plato Dialogues (ed. 2) I. 231 He seemed to be lost in the contemplation of something great. 1890 H. Caine Bondman iii. vi Her voice was low at first, but she soon lost herself, and then it rose above the other voices. 1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VIII. 239 For a time they become lost and dazed. d. To become hidden from view, obscured (in clouds, etc.). ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > invisibility > be or become invisible [verb] > vanish or disappear lose1697 the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > invisibility > be or become invisible [verb (reflexive)] > vanish or disappear lose1785 foam itself away1852 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis viii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 436 When the setting Stars are lost in Day. 1725 A. Pope tr. Homer Odyssey II. vii. 354 Woody mountains half in vapours lost. 1785 W. Cowper Task i. 194 Rills that..lose themselves at length In matted grass. 1845 M. Pattison in Christian Remembrancer Jan. 73 A vast ocean of tillage..losing itself in the vapour of the distant horizon. 1847 Ld. Tennyson Princess i. 22 A pillar'd porch, the bases lost In laurel. †e. Of water: To leak away. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > liquid > liquid which has been emitted > action or process of leaking > leak away, of water [verb (reflexive)] lose1712 the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > go or come out [verb (reflexive)] > go or come out (of something confined) > leak lose1712 1712 J. James tr. A.-J. Dézallier d'Argenville Theory & Pract. Gardening 189 The Vials..are joined to the Pipes with Wax or Mastick, so that the Water rises into the Vials, without losing itself any where. 1712 J. James tr. A.-J. Dézallier d'Argenville Theory & Pract. Gardening 194 Gravel, or Sand-Stone, upon which the Water will run without losing itself. Compounds Combinations, with sense ‘one who or something which loses…’, as †lose-all, †lose-office; so † lose-time adj. Obsolete time-wasting. ΘΚΠ the world > time > spending time > [adjective] > wasting time lose-time1603 time-wasting1626 foozling1857 slowdown1958 1603 J. Florio tr. M. de Montaigne Ess. i. xxv. 78 Jugling tricks, or other idle loose-time sports. 1623 J. Penkethman tr. Cato Handful of Honesty iv. xlii More loue to purchase, each good turne requite, Lest a Loose-office thou be termed right. 1650 W. Brough Sacred Princ. 165 The third [Heire] is commonly a Lose-all. Draft additions 1997 To shed (weight, fatty tissue, etc.). Cf. to lose weight at weight n.¹ 8c. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > bodily shape or physique > slim shape or physique > slim [verb (transitive)] > shed weight, fatty tissue, etc. lose1890 1890 Lancet 27 Sept. 663/2 The patient will rapidly lose flesh. 1941 G. Kersh They die with their Boots Clean ii. 85 The first weeks or two cracks up quite a few rookies... This here Spencer drops weight... Millions of stones that rook lost. 1956 J. Barth Floating Opera xiv. 139 I had lost twenty pounds, countless prejudices, much provincialism, my chastity.., and my religion. 1976 W. Breckon You are what you Eat viii. 138 The object of slimming is to lose fat..to have a greater output of energy than input from food. 1992 N.Y. Times 31 May 37/1 Janet says she has lost about 10 pounds while mooning and pining over the man of her dreams. Draft additions 1997 To dispose of, eliminate, or remove (something perceived as inconvenient or unwanted); occasionally, to kill. colloquial. ΘΚΠ the world > life > death > killing > kill [verb (transitive)] swevec725 quelmeOE slayc893 quelleOE of-falleOE ofslayeOE aquellc950 ayeteeOE spillc950 beliveOE to bring (also do) of (one's) life-dayOE fordoa1000 forfarea1000 asweveOE drepeOE forleseOE martyrOE to do (also i-do, draw) of lifeOE bringc1175 off-quellc1175 quenchc1175 forswelta1225 adeadc1225 to bring of daysc1225 to do to deathc1225 to draw (a person) to deathc1225 murder?c1225 aslayc1275 forferec1275 to lay to ground, to earth (Sc. at eird)c1275 martyrc1300 strangle1303 destroya1325 misdoa1325 killc1330 tailc1330 to take the life of (also fro)c1330 enda1340 to kill to (into, unto) death1362 brittena1375 deadc1374 to ding to deathc1380 mortifya1382 perisha1387 to dight to death1393 colea1400 fella1400 kill out (away, down, up)a1400 to slay up or downa1400 swelta1400 voida1400 deliverc1400 starvec1425 jugylc1440 morta1450 to bring to, on, or upon (one's) bierc1480 to put offc1485 to-slaya1500 to make away with1502 to put (a person or thing) to silencec1503 rida1513 to put downa1525 to hang out of the way1528 dispatch?1529 strikea1535 occidea1538 to firk to death, (out) of lifec1540 to fling to deathc1540 extinct1548 to make out of the way1551 to fet offa1556 to cut offc1565 to make away?1566 occise1575 spoil1578 senda1586 to put away1588 exanimate1593 unmortalize1593 speed1594 unlive1594 execute1597 dislive1598 extinguish1598 to lay along1599 to make hence1605 conclude1606 kill off1607 disanimate1609 feeze1609 to smite, stab in, under the fifth rib1611 to kill dead1615 transporta1616 spatch1616 to take off1619 mactate1623 to make meat of1632 to turn up1642 inanimate1647 pop1649 enecate1657 cadaverate1658 expedite1678 to make dog's meat of1679 to make mincemeat of1709 sluice1749 finisha1753 royna1770 still1778 do1780 deaden1807 deathifyc1810 to lay out1829 cool1833 to use up1833 puckeroo1840 to rub out1840 cadaverize1841 to put under the sod1847 suicide1852 outkill1860 to fix1875 to put under1879 corpse1884 stiffen1888 tip1891 to do away with1899 to take out1900 stretch1902 red-light1906 huff1919 to knock rotten1919 skittle1919 liquidate1924 clip1927 to set over1931 creasea1935 ice1941 lose1942 to put to sleep1942 zap1942 hit1955 to take down1967 wax1968 trash1973 ace1975 the mind > possession > relinquishing > casting or laying aside > [verb (transitive)] > do without or get rid of > as inconvenient or unwanted lose1942 1942 L. V. Berrey & M. Van den Bark Amer. Thes. Slang § 27/5 Eliminate; discard; get rid of. Axe, basket,..lose, mop up, [etc.]. 1951 P. H. Abrahams Wild Conquest II. i. i. 173 Another naked easterner... Lose him, my brave Rauwe! My brave soldiers! 1970 G. Chapman et al. Monty Python's Flying Circus (1989) I. xxiii. 314 Whoever heard of a lion in the Antarctic. Right. Lose the lion. 1984 J. Partridge One Touch Photogr. 31 An untidy background can detract from your picture and a good rule is to ‘use it or lose it’. 1987 Which? June 278/2 We're not convinced that losing the flex is much of an advantage—especially as the model we looked at couldn't do things like liquidise soup in a saucepan. Draft additions June 2003 colloquial. to lose it: to lose control of one's temper or emotions, esp. to become incapably angry or agitated; to cease to be rational or effective; cf. sense 3d. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > anger > [verb (intransitive)] > become angry wrethec900 wrothc975 abelghec1300 to move one's blood (also mood)c1330 to peck moodc1330 gremec1460 to take firea1513 fumec1522 sourdc1540 spitec1560 to set up the heckle1601 fire1604 exasperate1659 to fire up1779 to flash up1822 to get one's dander up1831 to fly (occasionally jump, etc.) off (at) the handle1832 to have (also get) one's monkey up1833 to cut up rough, rusty, savage1837 rile1837 to go off the handle1839 to flare up1840 to set one's back up1845 to run hot1855 to wax up1859 to get one's rag out1862 blow1871 to get (also have) the pricker1871 to turn up rough1872 to get the needle1874 to blaze up1878 to get wet1898 spunk1898 to see red1901 to go crook1911 to get ignorant1913 to hit the ceiling1914 to hit the roof1921 to blow one's top1928 to lose one's rag1928 to lose one's haira1930 to go up in smoke1933 hackle1935 to have, get a cob on1937 to pop (also blow) one's cork1938 to go hostile1941 to go sparec1942 to do one's bun1944 to lose one's wool1944 to blow one's stack1947 to go (also do) one's (also a) dingerc1950 rear1953 to get on ignorant1956 to go through the roof1958 to keep (also blow, lose) one's cool1964 to lose ita1969 to blow a gasket1975 to throw a wobbler1985 a1969 D. Heaton-Armstrong Six Month Kingdom (2005) xxvii. 152 I entirely lost it and told Major Sluys one or two home truths. 1976 Milton Keynes Express 11 June 42/6 Eric Cook..completely lost it coming into Woodcote slamming into the sleepers with a rather surprised look of disbelief on his face. 1983 Washington Post (Nexis) 29 May d1 His eruptions at umpires..are genuine furies. ‘When something goes against his grain..he just completely loses it.’ 1989 in R. Graef Talking Blues xiv. 464 Our Superintendent Ops is good. He's keen. He's still got his feet on the ground. He hasn't lost it. 1995 Mixmag May 67/3 One New Year's Eve Ricky loses it completely and has to be taken home before midnight. 2001 FourFourTwo Sept. 113/2 At the other end of the ground..there are knife fights breaking out and one barra completely loses it with a concrete paving slab when it refuses to break under the pressure of him stamping on it. Draft additions June 2003 figurative (colloquial). to lose the plot: to lose one's ability to understand or cope with events; to lose one's touch; to go off the rails. Sometimes also: = to lose it at Additions. ΚΠ a1652 R. Brome Damoiselle iii. i. sig. D2 in Five New Playes (1653) As an ingenious Critick would observe The first Scene of a Cemedy, for feare He lose the Plot.] 1984 Times 16 Oct. 15/4 Arabella Pollen showed sharp linens, lost the plot in a sarong skirt and brought out curvaceous racing silk and a show-stopping bow-legged Willie Carson. 1987 Playboy Mar. 82/3 Singo is still going strong on 2KY, defending the larrikin way of life. But he's lost the plot—there's nobody out there in navy-blue singlets anymore. 1991 New Musical Express 16 Mar. 47 Even Guns N' Roses, who found success representing free spirit within the genre, seem to have lost the plot with this fatuous triple second album idea. 2002 Glamour July 37/1 On holiday in Spain I lost the plot because I thought my boyfriend was looking at a girl in the distance. I pushed him into a swimming pool. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1903; most recently modified version published online June 2022). † losev.² Forms: Also Middle English loose, Middle English lowse. Etymology: < lose n.¹, or perhaps aphetic < alose v. Obsolete. transitive. To praise. Also absol. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > approval or sanction > commendation or praise > commend or praise [verb (transitive)] heryc735 mickleeOE loveOE praise?c1225 upraisea1300 alosec1300 commenda1340 allow1340 laud1377 lose1377 avauntc1380 magnifya1382 enhancea1400 roosea1400 recommendc1400 recommanda1413 to bear up?a1425 exalt1430 to say well (also evil, ill, etc.) of (also by)1445 laudifyc1470 gloryc1475 advance1483 to bear out1485 prizec1485 to be or to have in laudationa1500 joya1500 extol1509 collaud1512 concend?1521 solemnize?1521 celebrate1522 stellify1523 to set up1535 well-word1547 predicate1552 glorify1557 to set forth1565 admire1566 to be up with1592 voice1594 magnificate1598 plaud1598 concelebrate1599 encomionize1599 to con laud1602 applauda1616 panegyrize1617 acclamate1624 to set offa1625 acclaim1626 raise1645 complement1649 encomiate1651 voguec1661 phrase1675 to set out1688 Alexander1700 talk1723 panegyricize1777 bemouth1799 eulogizea1810 rhapsodize1819 crack up1829 rhapsody1847 1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. xi. 411 Þow with rude speche Lakkedest, and losedest þinge þat longed nouȝt to be done. 1388 Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) 1 Esdras iv. 12 What maner wise passith not the kyng bifore oothere, that thus is loosid? a1400–50 Alexander (Dublin) 1960 Of all Lordes Lord lowsed þorow þe werld. c1430 Pilgr. Lyf Manhode (1869) ii. cii. 112 I am þilke þat of olde am cleped and losed [v.r. alosed] þe eldeste. Derivatives † losed adj. Obsolete praised, renowned. Also used as n., one praised. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > approval or sanction > commendation or praise > [adjective] > commended or praised losedc1305 herieda1400 praiseda1400 flatteredc1440 commended1477 magnified1554 soothed1601 extolled1632 cried-up1642 lauded1824 acclaimed1867 the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > reputation > fame or renown > famous or eminent person > [adjective] mereeOE athelOE couthOE brightOE namecundc1175 outnumenc1175 noble?c1225 ketec1275 sheenc1275 tirfulc1275 glorious13.. losedc1305 of great renownc1330 glorifieda1340 worthly or worthy in wonea1350 clearc1374 nameda1382 solemna1387 renomeda1393 famous?a1400 renomé?a1400 renowneda1400 notedc1400 of (great, high, etc.) name?c1430 celebrate?1440 namely1440 famosec1449 honourable?c1450 notedc1450 parent?c1450 glorificatec1460 heroical?a1475 insignite?a1475 magnific1490 well-fameda1492 exemie1497 singular1497 preclare1503 magnificential1506 laureate1508 illustre?a1513 illustred1512 magnificent1513 preclared1530 grand1542 celebrated1549 heroicc1550 lustrantc1550 magnifical1557 illustrate1562 expectablec1565 ennobled1571 laurel1579 nominated1581 famosed1582 perspicuous1582 big1587 famed1595 uplifted1596 illustrious1598 celebrousc1600 luculent1600 celebrious1604 fameful1605 famoused1606 renownful1606 bruitful1609 eminent1611 insignious1620 clarousa1636 far-fameda1640 top1647 grandee1648 signalized1652 noscible1653 splendid1660 voiced1661 gloried1671 laurelled1683 distinguished1714 distinct1756 lustrious1769 trumpeted1775 spiry1825 world-famous1832 galactic1902 tycoonish1958 mega1987 the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > approval or sanction > commendation or praise > [noun] > fact or condition of being praised > one who is praised losedc1305 c1305 Edmund Conf. 245 in Early Eng. Poems & Lives Saints (1862) 77 So noble a losed þer nas non in al þe vniuersite. c1440 J. Capgrave Life St. Katherine i. 7 A losyd lorde was he. a1500 ( J. Yonge tr. Secreta Secret. (Rawl.) (1898) 160 The good kynge Dauy..the loset of force and of vertue. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1903; most recently modified version published online September 2021). < n.¹1297n.²1884v.¹c888v.²c1305
随便看	garookuh garos garotte garotted garottes garotting garottings garous garpike garpikes garquince garray garre garred garret garret chamber garret-high garret-lock garret-master garret-poverty garret-room garret-stairs garret-story garret-window garret-wise

† losen.1

losen.2

losev.1

Compounds

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Draft additions 1997

Draft additions June 2003

Draft additions June 2003

† losev.2

Derivatives

† losen.¹

losen.²

losev.¹

† losev.²