loosestrifen.

Brit.

/ˈluːsstrʌɪf/, U.S.

/ˈlusˌstraɪf/

Forms: Also 1500s lose-, lous(e)strife, lostriffe.

Etymology: < loose v. + strife n.; a mistransl. of late Latin lysimachia, also -machion, < Greek λυσιμάχιον, < the personal name Λυσίμαχος Lysimachus, an application of the adjective λυσίμαχος ‘loosing’ (i.e. ending) strife, < λυσι-, combining form of λύειν to loose + μάχη strife. The form *λυσιμαχία (found only in Pliny's Latin transliteration) would be correct Greek for ‘the action of loosing strife’. The misinterpretation of the word is ancient; Pliny, though stating that the plant was discovered by one Lysimachus, also says that oxen that are made to eat it are rendered more willing to draw together. Ancient writers mention two kinds of lysimachia , the purple and the yellow, the descriptions of which agree with the two plants referred to in sense 1. Modern botanists have appropriated Lysimachia as a generic name to the ‘yellow loosestrife’.

1. The name for two common herbaceous plants resembling each other closely in growth (upright and tall) and habitat (margins of ditches and streams).

a. Lysimachia vulgaris (family Primulaceæ), flowering in July, and bearing racemes of golden-yellow flowers; called spec. Golden or Yellow Loosestrife. Also a book-name for the genus.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > particular flower or plant esteemed for flower > [noun] > primrose and allied flowers > yellow loosestrife

herb willow1548

loosestrife1548

yellow loosestrife1548

lysimachia1578

willow-herb1578

willow-wort1605

1548 W. Turner Names of Herbes sig. E.ij^v Some cal it Lycimachiam luteam..it may be called in englishe yealow Lousstryfe or herbe Wylowe.

1562 W. Turner 2nd Pt. Herball f. 44 It may be well called after the etimologi of the worde and also of y^e vertue that it hath lous strife.

1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball i. li. 75 The yellow Lysimachus or golden Louse stryfe.

1640 J. Parkinson Theatrum Botanicum 543 Common yellow Loosestrife or Willow herbe.

1861 A. Pratt Flowering Plants & Ferns Great Brit. IV. 236 Great Yellow Loosestrife... Its large yellow panicle has leaves growing among the blossoms.

b. Lythrum Salicaria (family Lythraceæ), blooming in summer months, with a beautiful showy spike of purplish-red flowers; called spec. Red, Purple, or Spiked Loosestrife. Also a book-name for the genus.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > particular flower or plant esteemed for flower > [noun] > loosestrife and allied flowers

loosestrife1548

purple loosestrife1548

red loosestrife1548

red lysimachus1578

spiked or purple-spiked willow-herb1578

withy-herb1578

water willow1585

willow-wort1731

willow weed1866

swamp loosestrife-

1548 W. Turner Names of Herbes sig. E.ij^v Lysimachia purpurea..maye be called in englishe red loosstryfe, or purple losestryfe.

1567 J. Maplet Greene Forest f. 51 Other will haue it called Lostriffe or Herbe Willow. It beareth a red flower.

1597 J. Gerard Herball ii. 388 In English Willow herbe..and Loose strife.

1785 T. Martyn tr. J.-J. Rousseau Lett. Elements Bot. xx. 284 Purple Loosestrife is a handsome plant.

1838 M. Howitt Pheasant i The loose-strife's purple spear.

1866 M. Arnold Thyrsis xiii, in Macmillan's Mag. Apr. 451 When, through the Wytham flats, Red loosestrife and blond meadow-sweet among,..We tracked the shy Thames shore.

1889 P. H. Emerson Eng. Idyls 83 Their sea-boots crushed the purple loosestrife into the ground.

2. Applied (as a book-name) with qualifications to plants of other genera (see quots.).

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > names applied to various plants > [noun]

heatha700

beeworteOE

leversc725

springworteOE

clotec1000

halswortc1000

sengreenc1000

bottle?a1200

bird's-tonguea1300

bloodworta1300

faverolea1300

vetchc1300

pimpernel1378

oniona1398

bird's nest?a1425

adder's grassc1450

cockheada1500

ambrosia1525

fleawort1548

son before the father1552

crow-toe1562

basil1578

bird's-foot1578

bloodroot1578

throatwort1578

phalangium1608

yew1653

chalcedon1664

dittany1676

bleeding heart1691

felon-wort1706

hedgehog1712

land caltrops1727

old man's beard1731

loosestrife1760

Solomon's seal1760

fireweed1764

desert rose1792

star of Bethlehem1793

hen and chickens1794

Aaron's beard1820

felon-grass1824

arrowroot1835

snake-root1856

firebush1858

tick-seed1860

bird's eye1863

burning bush1866

rat-tail1871

lamb's earsa1876

lamb's tongue plant1882

tar-weed1884

Tom Thumb1886

parrotbeak1890

stinkweed1932

1760 J. Lee Introd. Bot. App. 317 Podded Loose-strife, Epilobium.

1760 J. Lee Introd. Bot. App. 317 Yellow Virginian Loose-strife, Gaura.

1787 E. Darwin et al. tr. C. Linnaeus et al. Families of Plants I. 254 Gaura, Virginian Loosestrife.

1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. II. 695/1 False Loosestrife, Ludwigia. Swamp-L., Deocodon. West Indian L., Jussiæa suffruticosa.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1903; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	loosestrife
释义	loosestrifen. Brit. /ˈluːsstrʌɪf/, U.S. /ˈlusˌstraɪf/ Forms: Also 1500s lose-, lous(e)strife, lostriffe. Etymology: < loose v. + strife n.; a mistransl. of late Latin lysimachia, also -machion, < Greek λυσιμάχιον, < the personal name Λυσίμαχος Lysimachus, an application of the adjective λυσίμαχος ‘loosing’ (i.e. ending) strife, < λυσι-, combining form of λύειν to loose + μάχη strife. The form λυσιμαχία (found only in Pliny's Latin transliteration) would be correct Greek for ‘the action of loosing strife’. The misinterpretation of the word is ancient; Pliny, though stating that the plant was discovered by one Lysimachus, also says that oxen that are made to eat it are rendered more willing to draw together. Ancient writers mention two kinds of lysimachia* , the purple and the yellow, the descriptions of which agree with the two plants referred to in sense 1. Modern botanists have appropriated Lysimachia as a generic name to the ‘yellow loosestrife’. 1. The name for two common herbaceous plants resembling each other closely in growth (upright and tall) and habitat (margins of ditches and streams). a. Lysimachia vulgaris (family Primulaceæ), flowering in July, and bearing racemes of golden-yellow flowers; called spec. Golden or Yellow Loosestrife. Also a book-name for the genus. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > particular flower or plant esteemed for flower > [noun] > primrose and allied flowers > yellow loosestrife herb willow1548 loosestrife1548 yellow loosestrife1548 lysimachia1578 willow-herb1578 willow-wort1605 1548 W. Turner Names of Herbes sig. E.ij^v Some cal it Lycimachiam luteam..it may be called in englishe yealow Lousstryfe or herbe Wylowe. 1562 W. Turner 2nd Pt. Herball f. 44 It may be well called after the etimologi of the worde and also of y^e vertue that it hath lous strife. 1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball i. li. 75 The yellow Lysimachus or golden Louse stryfe. 1640 J. Parkinson Theatrum Botanicum 543 Common yellow Loosestrife or Willow herbe. 1861 A. Pratt Flowering Plants & Ferns Great Brit. IV. 236 Great Yellow Loosestrife... Its large yellow panicle has leaves growing among the blossoms. b. Lythrum Salicaria (family Lythraceæ), blooming in summer months, with a beautiful showy spike of purplish-red flowers; called spec. Red, Purple, or Spiked Loosestrife. Also a book-name for the genus. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > particular flower or plant esteemed for flower > [noun] > loosestrife and allied flowers loosestrife1548 purple loosestrife1548 red loosestrife1548 red lysimachus1578 spiked or purple-spiked willow-herb1578 withy-herb1578 water willow1585 willow-wort1731 willow weed1866 swamp loosestrife- 1548 W. Turner Names of Herbes sig. E.ij^v Lysimachia purpurea..maye be called in englishe red loosstryfe, or purple losestryfe. 1567 J. Maplet Greene Forest f. 51 Other will haue it called Lostriffe or Herbe Willow. It beareth a red flower. 1597 J. Gerard Herball ii. 388 In English Willow herbe..and Loose strife. 1785 T. Martyn tr. J.-J. Rousseau Lett. Elements Bot. xx. 284 Purple Loosestrife is a handsome plant. 1838 M. Howitt Pheasant i The loose-strife's purple spear. 1866 M. Arnold Thyrsis xiii, in Macmillan's Mag. Apr. 451 When, through the Wytham flats, Red loosestrife and blond meadow-sweet among,..We tracked the shy Thames shore. 1889 P. H. Emerson Eng. Idyls 83 Their sea-boots crushed the purple loosestrife into the ground. 2. Applied (as a book-name) with qualifications to plants of other genera (see quots.). ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > names applied to various plants > [noun] heatha700 beeworteOE leversc725 springworteOE clotec1000 halswortc1000 sengreenc1000 bottle?a1200 bird's-tonguea1300 bloodworta1300 faverolea1300 vetchc1300 pimpernel1378 oniona1398 bird's nest?a1425 adder's grassc1450 cockheada1500 ambrosia1525 fleawort1548 son before the father1552 crow-toe1562 basil1578 bird's-foot1578 bloodroot1578 throatwort1578 phalangium1608 yew1653 chalcedon1664 dittany1676 bleeding heart1691 felon-wort1706 hedgehog1712 land caltrops1727 old man's beard1731 loosestrife1760 Solomon's seal1760 fireweed1764 desert rose1792 star of Bethlehem1793 hen and chickens1794 Aaron's beard1820 felon-grass1824 arrowroot1835 snake-root1856 firebush1858 tick-seed1860 bird's eye1863 burning bush1866 rat-tail1871 lamb's earsa1876 lamb's tongue plant1882 tar-weed1884 Tom Thumb1886 parrotbeak1890 stinkweed1932 1760 J. Lee Introd. Bot. App. 317 Podded Loose-strife, Epilobium. 1760 J. Lee Introd. Bot. App. 317 Yellow Virginian Loose-strife, Gaura. 1787 E. Darwin et al. tr. C. Linnaeus et al. Families of Plants I. 254 Gaura, Virginian Loosestrife. 1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. II. 695/1 False Loosestrife, Ludwigia. Swamp-L., Deocodon. West Indian L., Jussiæa suffruticosa. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1903; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1548
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