Augustaladj.n.

Brit.

/ɔːˈɡʌstl/,

/əˈɡʌstl/, U.S.

/əˈɡəst(ə)l/

Forms: 1500s– Augustal, 1900s– augustale (only in sense B. 2, with lower-case initial). Also with lower-case initial.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin Augustālis.

Etymology: < classical Latin Augustālis (adjective) of or relating to the emperor Augustus, of or belonging to the cult of Augustus, in post-classical Latin also (noun) governor (of Egypt) (4th cent.), imperial coin (from 13th cent. in British and continental sources) < Augustus (see August n.) + -ālis -al suffix¹.With the use as adjective compare Middle French, French augustal of or relating to the emperor Augustus (1509; second half of the 14th cent. in sense ‘venerable, respectable’). In use with reference to a gold coin (see sense B. 2) partly after Italian augustale (1492); the gold coin was so called on account of its inscription which gave the Holy Roman Emperor's title Augustus . In form augustale after Italian augustale. In Augustal Prefect n. at sense A. after post-classical Latin praefectus Augustalis.

A. adj.

Chiefly Roman History. Of or relating to the Roman emperor Augustus (reigned 27 b.c.– a.d. 14); characteristic or reminiscent of Augustus; (more generally) imperial. Also: of or relating to the imperial cult associated with Augustus. Augustal Prefect n. a title held by the governor of Egypt under the later Roman Empire.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > sovereign ruler or monarch > emperor > [adjective] > ancient or Holy Roman > specific ancient Roman

Augustal1597

Tiberian1601

Antonine1631

Neronian1650

Theodosian1765

Augustan1856

Neronic1864

Hadrianic1886

Severan1918

society > authority > office > holder of office > magistrate > chief magistrate of a district > [noun] > prefect > the prefect of Egypt

Augustal Prefect1597

1597 T. L. Babylon is Fallen f. 19^v This head is said to be awaked, when it was first raysed, which was in the yere 801. wherin it receaued his augustal robe, his crown, and stile.

1658 tr. J. Ussher Ann. World 809 The Augustal Principality [L. principatus Augustalis], that is of governing after his own will..he [sc. Tiberius] obtained afterwards.

1661 P. Enderbie Cambria Triumphans i. 143 He [sc. Severus the Emperour] consented men by his Imperial Letters, both to the depriving of St. Philip of the Augustal Prefectship of Egypt..and giving authority to Terentius his successor.

1683 W. Cave Diss. Govt. Anc. Church 71 Alexandria..was the Seat of the Imperial Vice-roy, call'd the Augustal Prefect.

1730 A. Gordon tr. F. S. Maffei Compl. Hist. Anc. Amphitheatres ii. xiii. 346 They [sc. chairs] were placed among those of the Augustal Priests.

1836 W. C. Taylor Student's Man. Anc. Hist. xvii. 411 Solemnising..the obsequies of Nero, and compelling the Augustal priests..to attend at that ceremony.

1858 R. Mongan tr. Tacitus Annals i. 32 A discord arising from a dispute between the players disturbed the Augustal games.

1900 A. Del Mar Middle Ages Revisited iii. 51 Every city of the empire had an augustal flamen, every house an augustal shrine.

1907 W. G. Holmes Age Justinian & Theodora II. vii. 475 The Augustal Praefect resigned the control of all Egypt for that of Alexandria and the adjacent country.

1943 Classical Jrnl. 39 151 Tiberius..made him a member, with himself, Claudius, and Drusus, of a new college of Augustal priests.

2013 D. A. Washburn Banishment in Later Rom. Empire ii. 50 A law of 392 informed the augustal prefect (an office presiding over Egypt and the ranking equivalent of a vicar) that [etc.].

B. n.

1. Roman History. (The title of) a prefect or governor under the later Roman Empire; esp. the governor of Egypt (cf. Augustal Prefect n. at sense A.).

ΚΠ

1633 R. Broughton Eccl. Hist. Great Brit. ii. iii. 198 The Roman Emperours, their Augustals, Proconsulars, Lieutenants, and other Prefects in Prouinces.

1847 J. M. Neale Hist. Holy Eastern Church: Pt. 2 I. i. viii. 65 A Christian from Rome, named Marcellus, who happened to be at Alexandria, went with the Patriarch to the Augustal.

1880 R. Owen Sanctorale Catholicum 474 He was brought before Venustianus, the Augustal of Tuscany.

1911 Amer. Antiquarian 33 149 He was only a Duke and Augustal of a province, but is termed, ‘O Great Stratiarch, Consul, Father of Princes’, showing that he had children.

1981 D. Pringle Def. Byzantine Afr. from Justinian to Arab Conquest i. ii. 43 John of Nikiu records a victory won on the banks of the Nile by the augustal of Egypt.

2. A gold coin issued in the 13th cent. by Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor and King of Sicily. historical.Such coins bear an inscription giving the Holy Roman Emperor's title Augustus; see note in etymology.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > money > medium of exchange or currency > coins collective > foreign coins > [noun] > European gold coins

ducata1387

noble1417

pistolet1553

pistole1592

florin1611

gubber1711

Augustal1848

1848 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. May 592/1 Charles..exchanged them by force against the augustales, an imperial coinage of the purest gold.

1850 Earl of Ellesmere tr. M. Amari Hist. War Sicilian Vespers I. iv. 105 For robberies up to the amount of an augustal [It. augustale], the rod, the brand, and exile were the penalty.

1895 A. Del Mar Hist. Monetary Syst. 368 No Christian prince of Germany ever struck a gold coin until Frederick II, in 1225, issued his magnificent augustals.

1965 S. W. Baron Social & Relig. Hist. Jews (ed. 2) IX. xxxvii. 9 In 1285 Honorius IV..provided that communities where an undetected murder had been committed were to be fined 100 augustals if the victim was a Christian, but only 50 augustals if he was a Jew or a Saracen.

1997 J. Williams Money iii. 80/1 The augustale, a coin of 20½ carats gold.

2007 A. E. Laiou & C. Morrisson Byzantine Econ. 222 In Sicily, the augustal of Frederick II Hohenstaufen was struck at the hyperpyron standard of 20½ carats.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2017; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	augustal
释义	Augustaladj.n. Brit. /ɔːˈɡʌstl/, /əˈɡʌstl/, U.S. /əˈɡəst(ə)l/ Forms: 1500s– Augustal, 1900s– augustale (only in sense B. 2, with lower-case initial). Also with lower-case initial. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin Augustālis. Etymology: < classical Latin Augustālis (adjective) of or relating to the emperor Augustus, of or belonging to the cult of Augustus, in post-classical Latin also (noun) governor (of Egypt) (4th cent.), imperial coin (from 13th cent. in British and continental sources) < Augustus (see August n.) + -ālis -al suffix¹.With the use as adjective compare Middle French, French augustal of or relating to the emperor Augustus (1509; second half of the 14th cent. in sense ‘venerable, respectable’). In use with reference to a gold coin (see sense B. 2) partly after Italian augustale (1492); the gold coin was so called on account of its inscription which gave the Holy Roman Emperor's title Augustus . In form augustale after Italian augustale. In Augustal Prefect n. at sense A. after post-classical Latin praefectus Augustalis. A. adj. Chiefly Roman History. Of or relating to the Roman emperor Augustus (reigned 27 b.c.– a.d. 14); characteristic or reminiscent of Augustus; (more generally) imperial. Also: of or relating to the imperial cult associated with Augustus. Augustal Prefect n. a title held by the governor of Egypt under the later Roman Empire. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > sovereign ruler or monarch > emperor > [adjective] > ancient or Holy Roman > specific ancient Roman Augustal1597 Tiberian1601 Antonine1631 Neronian1650 Theodosian1765 Augustan1856 Neronic1864 Hadrianic1886 Severan1918 society > authority > office > holder of office > magistrate > chief magistrate of a district > [noun] > prefect > the prefect of Egypt Augustal Prefect1597 1597 T. L. Babylon is Fallen f. 19^v This head is said to be awaked, when it was first raysed, which was in the yere 801. wherin it receaued his augustal robe, his crown, and stile. 1658 tr. J. Ussher Ann. World 809 The Augustal Principality [L. principatus Augustalis], that is of governing after his own will..he [sc. Tiberius] obtained afterwards. 1661 P. Enderbie Cambria Triumphans i. 143 He [sc. Severus the Emperour] consented men by his Imperial Letters, both to the depriving of St. Philip of the Augustal Prefectship of Egypt..and giving authority to Terentius his successor. 1683 W. Cave Diss. Govt. Anc. Church 71 Alexandria..was the Seat of the Imperial Vice-roy, call'd the Augustal Prefect. 1730 A. Gordon tr. F. S. Maffei Compl. Hist. Anc. Amphitheatres ii. xiii. 346 They [sc. chairs] were placed among those of the Augustal Priests. 1836 W. C. Taylor Student's Man. Anc. Hist. xvii. 411 Solemnising..the obsequies of Nero, and compelling the Augustal priests..to attend at that ceremony. 1858 R. Mongan tr. Tacitus Annals i. 32 A discord arising from a dispute between the players disturbed the Augustal games. 1900 A. Del Mar Middle Ages Revisited iii. 51 Every city of the empire had an augustal flamen, every house an augustal shrine. 1907 W. G. Holmes Age Justinian & Theodora II. vii. 475 The Augustal Praefect resigned the control of all Egypt for that of Alexandria and the adjacent country. 1943 Classical Jrnl. 39 151 Tiberius..made him a member, with himself, Claudius, and Drusus, of a new college of Augustal priests. 2013 D. A. Washburn Banishment in Later Rom. Empire ii. 50 A law of 392 informed the augustal prefect (an office presiding over Egypt and the ranking equivalent of a vicar) that [etc.]. B. n. 1. Roman History. (The title of) a prefect or governor under the later Roman Empire; esp. the governor of Egypt (cf. Augustal Prefect n. at sense A.). ΚΠ 1633 R. Broughton Eccl. Hist. Great Brit. ii. iii. 198 The Roman Emperours, their Augustals, Proconsulars, Lieutenants, and other Prefects in Prouinces. 1847 J. M. Neale Hist. Holy Eastern Church: Pt. 2 I. i. viii. 65 A Christian from Rome, named Marcellus, who happened to be at Alexandria, went with the Patriarch to the Augustal. 1880 R. Owen Sanctorale Catholicum 474 He was brought before Venustianus, the Augustal of Tuscany. 1911 Amer. Antiquarian 33 149 He was only a Duke and Augustal of a province, but is termed, ‘O Great Stratiarch, Consul, Father of Princes’, showing that he had children. 1981 D. Pringle Def. Byzantine Afr. from Justinian to Arab Conquest i. ii. 43 John of Nikiu records a victory won on the banks of the Nile by the augustal of Egypt. 2. A gold coin issued in the 13th cent. by Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor and King of Sicily. historical.Such coins bear an inscription giving the Holy Roman Emperor's title Augustus; see note in etymology. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > money > medium of exchange or currency > coins collective > foreign coins > [noun] > European gold coins ducata1387 noble1417 pistolet1553 pistole1592 florin1611 gubber1711 Augustal1848 1848 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. May 592/1 Charles..exchanged them by force against the augustales, an imperial coinage of the purest gold. 1850 Earl of Ellesmere tr. M. Amari Hist. War Sicilian Vespers I. iv. 105 For robberies up to the amount of an augustal [It. augustale], the rod, the brand, and exile were the penalty. 1895 A. Del Mar Hist. Monetary Syst. 368 No Christian prince of Germany ever struck a gold coin until Frederick II, in 1225, issued his magnificent augustals. 1965 S. W. Baron Social & Relig. Hist. Jews (ed. 2) IX. xxxvii. 9 In 1285 Honorius IV..provided that communities where an undetected murder had been committed were to be fined 100 augustals if the victim was a Christian, but only 50 augustals if he was a Jew or a Saracen. 1997 J. Williams Money iii. 80/1 The augustale, a coin of 20½ carats gold. 2007 A. E. Laiou & C. Morrisson Byzantine Econ. 222 In Sicily, the augustal of Frederick II Hohenstaufen was struck at the hyperpyron standard of 20½ carats. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2017; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < adj.n.1597
随便看	moonfern moonfish moonfishes moonflaw moonflecked moonflight moonflooded moonflower moonflowers moonfolk moonfreezing moonfruit pine moongathered moongazing moonglade moongleam moonglimpse moonglittering moonglow moongod moongoddess moongrey moonhaunted moonhaze moonhead