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单词 augury
释义

auguryn.

Brit. /ˈɔːɡjᵿri/, U.S. /ˈɔɡ(j)əri/, /ˈɑɡ(j)əri/
Forms: late Middle English–1500s augurye, late Middle English–1600s augurie, late Middle English– augury, 1600s augery.
Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French augurie; Latin augurium.
Etymology: < (i) Middle French augurie divination, soothsaying (13th cent. in Old French; compare Anglo-Norman augorrye , augurrie ), and its etymon (ii) classical Latin augurium practice of divining from the flight of birds, art or faculty of divination, omen, portent, sign, indication, presage, prediction, prognostication, foreboding, presentiment, surmise < augur augur n.1 + -ium -y suffix4. Compare augur n.1, augur n.2, and auguration n.Compare Catalan auguri (1500), Spanish augurio (13th cent.), Italian augurio good wishes, felicitation (a1306; frequently in plural), omen, portent (a1406).
1.
a. The practice of predicting the future, revealing hidden truths, or obtaining guidance in future affairs on the basis of the observation and interpretation of natural signs (such as the behaviour of birds or celestial phenomena), the examination of animal entrails, etc.; divination, prognostication, soothsaying.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > expectation > foresight, foreknowledge > prediction, foretelling > augury, divination from omens > [noun]
whatec1000
conjecturec1384
conjecturingc1384
augurya1413
augurationc1450
augurism1584
halsening1587
auguring1614
augurizing1652
conjectation1652
teratoscopy1665
prognostication1688
the mind > mental capacity > expectation > foresight, foreknowledge > prediction, foretelling > divination by natural phenomena > divination by birds, augury > [noun]
augurya1413
augurationc1450
ornomancyc1500
auspice1533
auspicy1603
alectromancy1652
ornithomancy1652
alectryomancy1658
bird-divination1670
orneoscopics1727
orniscopics1775
ornithoscopy1840
orniscopy1890
a1413 (c1385) G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde (Pierpont Morgan) (1882) iv. l. 116 I haue ek founden by astronomye By sort and by augurye ek trewely..That fir and flaumbe on al þe toun shal sprede.
?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1872) IV. 385 (MED) A man..schewede to hym by augury that he scholde be soone delyverede, after that he hade sene an owle syttenge on a tre.
1527 Lydgate's Fall of Pri[n]ces iv. xxi. f. cxxv/1 Some parted vp to the grekissh see, Had a custome to chese their dwelling place By Augurie, as byrdes dyd fle.
?1536 R. Copland Hye Way to Spyttell Hous sig. Cj For all the seuen scyences surely he can And is sure in Physyk and Palmestry In augury, sothsayeng, and vysenamy.
1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet v. ii. 165 Not a whit, we defie augury..if it be, tis not to come, if it be not to come, it will be now. View more context for this quotation
1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory ii. i. 27/1 Augury, telling of Fortune by flying of Birds.
1720 A. Pope tr. Homer Iliad V. xvii. 259 Ennomus, in Augury renown'd.
1761 B. Stillingfleet Cal. Flora Pref. p. viii This institution of augury seems to have been much more antient than that of aruspicy.
1846 T. Arnold Hist. Rome I. i. 6 Enquired of the gods by augury.
1881 A. P. Stanley Christian Inst. xi. 209 The orientation of churches is from the rites of Etruscan augury.
1911 J. Hastings Encycl. Relig. IV. 817/1 Scapulomancy is mentioned by Jāḥiẓ together with palmistry and another mode of augury.., viz. divination by the gnawing of mice.
2000 S. Connor Dumbstruck ii. 58 The Romans preferred the reliable authority of augury, or the accredited interpretation of the mute signs of nature.
b. Skill or aptitude in divination or predicting the future; prophetic power or ability. Now historical and rare.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > expectation > foresight, foreknowledge > prediction, foretelling > augury, divination from omens > [noun] > skill in
augurya1522
a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid (1959) ix. vi. l. 45 A spa man..To Turnus kyng mast trast auguriane, Bot with hys diuinatioun nor augury The trake of deth ne cowth he not put by.
1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis i. 11 Thus stand thy recknings, vnlesse me myn augurye fayleth.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Two Gentlemen of Verona (1623) iv. iv. 66 Thy face, and thy behauiour, Which (if my Augury deceiue me not) Witnesse good bringing vp. View more context for this quotation
2003 Stud. Philol. 100 308 Apollo, pierced with the arrow of love, offered Iapyx all of his powers: his augury, his lyre, and his swift arrows.
c. A person who predicts the future by observing and interpreting natural signs; an augur, a diviner. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > expectation > foresight, foreknowledge > prediction, foretelling > augury, divination from omens > [noun] > augur, diviner from omens
augura1393
auguryne?a1425
conjectora1425
augurerc1450
augurizer1588
conjecturer1612
augurya1616
augurist1623
auspicator1652
omen-monger1777
a1616 W. Shakespeare Antony & Cleopatra (1623) iv. xiii. 5 The Auguries Say, they know not, they cannot tell, looke grimly, And dare not speake their knowledge.
1620 F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Phylaster i. 7 If hee giue not backe his Crowne againe, vpon the report of an elder gun: I am no augery [1622 and later edd. haue no augury].
2. An omen or portent, esp. one drawn from the observation of natural signs; an event or phenomenon regarded as an indicator of the future.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > expectation > foresight, foreknowledge > prediction, foretelling > an omen, sign, portent > [noun]
foretokenc888
tokeningc888
beaconc950
token971
handsela1200
boding1297
wonder1297
bodec1374
signa1387
foreboding1387
prenostica1393
prognosticc1425
prophetc1430
prognostication?a1439
ostentationa1450
prenostication?a1450
prodigy?a1450
augurationc1450
preparative1460
prenosticate?a1475
prenosticative?a1475
prodige1482
prenosticature1490
tokener1513
weird1513
show token1535
luck1538
prognosticate1541
preamble1548
proffer1548
presagition?c1550
foreshower1555
presage1560
portent1562
ostent1570
presagie1581
omen1582
presagement1586
luck sign1587
augury1588
prognosticon1588
forerunner1589
presager1591
halfner1594
spae1596
abode1598
oss1600
assign1601
augur1603
bodement1613
predictiona1616
prognosticala1618
bespeaker1624
portender1635
pre-indicant1659
foreshadow1834
boder1846
prognosticant1880
sky sign1880
1588 R. Parke tr. J. G. de Mendoza Hist. Kingdome of China 32 They are also great Augurisers or tellers of fortunes, and do beleeue in auguries, as a thing most certaine and infallible.
1612 M. Drayton Poly-olbion xii. 206 From their flight strange Auguries shee drew.
a1667 A. Cowley Verses Several Occasions 14 in Wks. (1668) The God of Love..Sneez'd aloud, and all around The little Loves that waited by, Bow'd, and blest the Augurie.
1720 A. Pope tr. Homer Iliad VI. xxiv. 388 Jove..from the Throne on high Dispatch'd his Bird, cœlestial Augury!
1761 in tr. Livy Rom. Hist. x. xl. 276 (note) If part of the corn or paste fell out of their mouths upon the ground, the augury was to his heart's content.
1828 H. Smith Zillah II. ix. 294 It was considered so favourable an augury for Antony.
1876 ‘G. Eliot’ Daniel Deronda I. ii. xi. 215 The appropriateness of the event seemed an augury.
1905 Westm. Gaz. 21 Aug. 10/1 A remarkable dearth of acorns..which, according to the weather lorists, is a favourable augury for the coming weather.
1980 B. Okri Flowers & Shadows (1989) i. 8 She didn't particularly believe in dreams as auguries, but she couldn't deny a feeling of impending chaos that her dream had given her.
2000 K. Atkinson Emotionally Weird (2001) 25 Above our heads a succession of wheeling, screeching birds..are creating complex and unreadable auguries.
3. An augural ceremony or ritual; an act or instance of observing and interpreting natural signs with the aim of predicting the future, revealing hidden truths, or obtaining guidance in future affairs.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > expectation > foresight, foreknowledge > prediction, foretelling > augury, divination from omens > [noun] > ceremony or observation
augurc1475
augury1611
1611 B. Jonson Catiline ii. sig. Ev Cvr. Yes, and I know so. Fvl. By what Augury?
1624 Trag. Nero iii. sig. E2v Why with false Auguries haue we bin deceiu'd?
1700 J. Welwood Mem. Material Trans. 100 Lord Falkland, to divert the king, would have his Majesty make a trial of his fortune by the Sortes Virgilianæ, which..was an usual kind of augury some ages past.
1720 J. Johnson Coll. Eccl. Laws Church of Eng. I. sig. L6 They who attend Auguries, or Incantations, are to be separated from the Church.
1742 C. Middleton Hist. Life Cicero (ed. 3) II. vi. 85 The onely one of the College, who maintained the truth of their auguries, and the reality of divination.
1861 W. F. Hook Lives Archbishops I. v. 223 To put down pagan observances, auguries, phylacteries, and incantations.
1875 W. Stubbs Constit. Hist. (ed. 2) I. ii. 30 The priests..took the auguries and gave the signal for onset.
1965 Monumenta Nipponica 20 144 This gentleman also being a fortune teller,..performed his augury, and, after telling her what to do, went his way.
2015 W. Robert Revivals Antigone 30 When he performs his augury, he perceives chaos.
4. Indication or signification of a future event or condition provided by something; presage, promise.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > expectation > foresight, foreknowledge > prediction, foretelling > an omen, sign, portent > [noun] > act or action
tokeningc888
omination1589
portending1590
portention1617
portendment1626
portendance1644
augury1654
preomination1660
omening1796
1654 R. Flecknoe Love's Dominion ii. iii. 21 'Tis happy Augury, (No doubt) this hast of hers: Love has invisible Attractions.
1797 W. Godwin Enquirer i. xvi. 156 Tameness is the characteristic of most fatal augury.
1843 W. H. Prescott Hist. Conquest Mexico I. ii. i. 213 He..resigned himself..with a docility that gave little augury of his future greatness.
1857 Sharpe's London Mag. Jan. 19/1 A youth of frolic and mischief is no augury against a meridian of merit and success.
1907 Country Life 6 July 33 The first round gave no augury that the champion was likely to repeat the success which he scored at Hoylake.
2010 Capital (Annapolis, Maryland) (Nexis) 3 Nov. a14 A calm yet anticipatory musical panorama that gives little augury of the violence to come.
5. Foreboding or presentiment of a future event or condition; anticipation, expectation; an expectation held, or prediction made, about the future.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > expectation > [noun]
to-hopec888
weenOE
hopea1225
thoughta1350
opiniona1425
attentc1430
looking1440
presume?a1500
beliefa1522
expectation1527
expection1532
looking for1532
looking after?1537
expecting1568
imagination1582
expectance1593
suppose1596
expect1597
expectancy1609
apprehensiona1616
contemplationa1631
prospect1665
supposition1719
speculationa1797
augury1871
preperception1871
1719 H. Hall Let. 30 Apr. in New-Eng. Hist. & Geneal. Reg. (1888) 42 302 I..am Glad to find You so Right in Your Augury of our Markets for Fish.
1783 T. Bland in J. Sparks Corr. Amer. Revol. (1853) IV. 25 I am led to form the most pleasing augury of our future greatness.
1796 S. T. Coleridge Let. 13 May (1956) I. 213 I shall publish my Critique on the New Philosophy—and I trust, shall demean myself not ungently, and disappoint your auguries.
1832 Monthly Traveller May 163/1 His augury of evil was well founded, but the blight fell upon his own heart.
1871 R. Browning Balaustion 140 Be not extravagant in grief, no less! Bear it, by augury of better things!
1939 North-China Herald 20 Sept. 477/4 It remains to be seen whether he will be as efficient with regard to the second part of his augury.
1991 Daily News-Record (Harrisonburg, Va.) 21 May 17/4 Bill Cartwright..had predicted the game would be physical, and did all he could to prove his augury right.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2017; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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