livorn.

Brit.

/ˈlʌɪvɔː/, U.S.

/ˈlaɪvɔr/,

/ˈlaɪvər/

Forms: late Middle English liuour, late Middle English–1500s liuor, 1600s lyuor, 1600s– livor.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin līvor.

Etymology: < classical Latin līvor bluish discoloration, envy, spite, malice < līvēre to be livid (see livid adj.) + -or -or suffix. Compare Anglo-Norman livor (14th cent. or earlier in an apparently isolated attestation, with the Middle English gloss wanhede ; compare wan adj.¹ 3). Compare lividity n. and also livid adj.

1. Medicine and Pathology. Originally: †a bruise or other black and blue mark on the skin (obsolete). In later use: black and blue, bluish-grey, or purplish discoloration of the skin; spec. such discoloration occurring in the dependent parts of a dead body (= livor mortis n.); an instance of this.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > blemish > [noun] > discoloration

bloness1382

lividity?a1425

livor?a1425

blueness1440

lividness1634

?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 62^v (MED) How forsoþ liuorez [L. livores], i. blonez, & oþer accidentez þat foloweþ ar cured, it shal be said in here placez.

a1626 L. Andrewes XCVI Serm. (1629) sig. Mm4^v Every stripe as a letter, every naile as a Capitall letter. His livores, as black letters; His bleeding wounds, as so many rubriques, to shew upon record his Love toward us.

1678 J. Browne Compl. Disc. Wounds xxxiii. 170 On the 23d day a Livor and Gangrene seized him in his left Temple.

1769 B. Alexander tr. G. B. Morgagni Seats & Causes Dis. I. i. 36 This livor did not penetrate deeply [L. livore tamen parum profundo].

1822 J. M. Good Study Med. II. 911 The erysipelatous livor..gained ground.

1851 Dublin Q. Jrnl. Med. Sci. 1 Feb. 77 Some livor of the posterior surface of the body; rigor mortis well marked.

1873 J. A. Symonds Stud. Greek Poets i. 33 It is the fashion..to praise..even the strange livors of corruption.

1943 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 17 July 64/1 Livor of transient type was present.

1999 K. Reichs Death du Jour ii. 34 Livor isn't fixed yet.

†2. Ill will, malice, spite. Obsolete.In quot. 1589 personified.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > goodness and badness > harmfulness > spitefulness > feeling of spite > [noun]

ondeeOE

teenOE

envyc1300

malicea1325

eftc1325

maugrec1330

spitec1330

malignec1475

wrokea1500

doggedness1530

despitefulness1535

cankeredness1538

venomy1548

livor1589

doggishness1622

viperousness1651

Schadenfreude1895

bitchery1936

the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > unkindness > spite, malice > [noun]

ondeeOE

evestOE

teenOE

hatingOE

envyc1300

eftc1325

maugrec1330

spitec1330

malicea1382

despitec1400

unkindnessc1400

malignec1475

wrokea1500

doggedness1530

despitefulness1535

cankeredness1538

venomy1548

livor1589

doggishness1622

viperousness1651

acid1768

Schadenfreude1895

bitchery1936

1589 T. Cooper Admon. People of Eng. 95 His name was Liuor, that is, cankred malice, or enuie.

1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 95 With vnappeasable wrath and bloud desiring lyuor, he pressed and trode to pieces the incest marriage-causer.

1621 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy i. ii. iii. viii. 138 Ovt of this roote of envy, spring those ferall branches of faction, hatred, livor, emulation.

1675 R. Baxter Catholick Theol. i. i. 127 But what a plague livor and faction is to the Church and the owners souls, let but these ugly words of his be witness.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	livor
释义	livorn. Brit. /ˈlʌɪvɔː/, U.S. /ˈlaɪvɔr/, /ˈlaɪvər/ Forms: late Middle English liuour, late Middle English–1500s liuor, 1600s lyuor, 1600s– livor. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin līvor. Etymology: < classical Latin līvor bluish discoloration, envy, spite, malice < līvēre to be livid (see livid adj.) + -or -or suffix. Compare Anglo-Norman livor (14th cent. or earlier in an apparently isolated attestation, with the Middle English gloss wanhede ; compare wan adj.¹ 3). Compare lividity n. and also livid adj. 1. Medicine and Pathology. Originally: †a bruise or other black and blue mark on the skin (obsolete). In later use: black and blue, bluish-grey, or purplish discoloration of the skin; spec. such discoloration occurring in the dependent parts of a dead body (= livor mortis n.); an instance of this. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > blemish > [noun] > discoloration bloness1382 lividity?a1425 livor?a1425 blueness1440 lividness1634 ?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 62^v (MED) How forsoþ liuorez [L. livores], i. blonez, & oþer accidentez þat foloweþ ar cured, it shal be said in here placez. a1626 L. Andrewes XCVI Serm. (1629) sig. Mm4^v Every stripe as a letter, every naile as a Capitall letter. His livores, as black letters; His bleeding wounds, as so many rubriques, to shew upon record his Love toward us. 1678 J. Browne Compl. Disc. Wounds xxxiii. 170 On the 23d day a Livor and Gangrene seized him in his left Temple. 1769 B. Alexander tr. G. B. Morgagni Seats & Causes Dis. I. i. 36 This livor did not penetrate deeply [L. livore tamen parum profundo]. 1822 J. M. Good Study Med. II. 911 The erysipelatous livor..gained ground. 1851 Dublin Q. Jrnl. Med. Sci. 1 Feb. 77 Some livor of the posterior surface of the body; rigor mortis well marked. 1873 J. A. Symonds Stud. Greek Poets i. 33 It is the fashion..to praise..even the strange livors of corruption. 1943 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 17 July 64/1 Livor of transient type was present. 1999 K. Reichs Death du Jour ii. 34 Livor isn't fixed yet. †2. Ill will, malice, spite. Obsolete.In quot. 1589 personified. ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > harmfulness > spitefulness > feeling of spite > [noun] ondeeOE teenOE envyc1300 malicea1325 eftc1325 maugrec1330 spitec1330 malignec1475 wrokea1500 doggedness1530 despitefulness1535 cankeredness1538 venomy1548 livor1589 doggishness1622 viperousness1651 Schadenfreude1895 bitchery1936 the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > unkindness > spite, malice > [noun] ondeeOE evestOE teenOE hatingOE envyc1300 eftc1325 maugrec1330 spitec1330 malicea1382 despitec1400 unkindnessc1400 malignec1475 wrokea1500 doggedness1530 despitefulness1535 cankeredness1538 venomy1548 livor1589 doggishness1622 viperousness1651 acid1768 Schadenfreude1895 bitchery1936 1589 T. Cooper Admon. People of Eng. 95 His name was Liuor, that is, cankred malice, or enuie. 1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 95 With vnappeasable wrath and bloud desiring lyuor, he pressed and trode to pieces the incest marriage-causer. 1621 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy i. ii. iii. viii. 138 Ovt of this roote of envy, spring those ferall branches of faction, hatred, livor, emulation. 1675 R. Baxter Catholick Theol. i. i. 127 But what a plague livor and faction is to the Church and the owners souls, let but these ugly words of his be witness. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.?a1425
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