littenn.

Forms: Old English líc-tún, Middle English lytton(e, letton, 1500s lyttyn, 1600s litton, 1500s– litten.

Etymology: Old English líc-tún , < líc corpse, lich n. + tún enclosure, town n.Previous versions of the OED give the stress as: ˈlitten.

Obsolete exc. dialect.

A churchyard. (Cf. church-litten n.)

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > death > disposal of corpse > burial > burial ground or cemetery > [noun]

littenc900

charnel1377

burying-place1382

fosse?a1425

churchyard1477

golgotha1604

God's acre1605

cemetery1613

burial-place1633

dormitory1634

burying-ground1711

burial-field1743

graveyard1767

burial-ground1803

burial-yard1842

boneyard1866

Boot Hill1901

necropole1921

memorial park1927

grave-site1953

c900 tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. iii. xvii. (Schipper) 268 His lichama..wæs..on þæra broþra lictune bebyriged.

c1420 Chron. Vilod. 4087 Bot when he come in to þat chirche-lyttone þo, Twey wemen he founde þere.

1474–5 in H. J. F. Swayne Churchwardens' Accts. Sarum (1896) 18 It. of the gift of the Bochers for grounds to her Stallys with oute the letton ijs.

1474–5 in H. J. F. Swayne Churchwardens' Accts. Sarum (1896) 20 It' in cleansyng of the Lytton xjd.

1506 Will of John Leer (P.R.O.: PROB. 11/15) f. 60^v To be buried in the cloister or in the lyttyn of the Trynite.

1595 in H. J. F. Swayne Churchwardens' Accts. Sarum (1896) 145 The wale against the litten.

1614–15 in H. J. F. Swayne Churchwardens' Accts. Sarum (1896) 165 Masonn mendinge the Church litton wale, 5s.

1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Litten, as Church-litten; a word us'd in Wiltshire for a Church-yard.

1798 J. Jefferson & W. H. Cope Gloss. Hampshire Words (MS.) (at cited word) The bury^g. ground at Holy Ghost Chapel at B'stoke is called the Litten. It is used also at Newbury in Berks.

1818 in H. J. Todd Johnson's Dict. Eng. Lang. ; and in mod. Dicts.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1903; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

littenadj.

/lɪt(ə)n/

Etymology: pseudo-archaic participle of light v.²

= lighted adj. Usually in combination, e.g. dim-, gray-, red-litten.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > light > illumination > [adjective] > illuminated or lit up

lightc1300

lightedc1450

illuminate?a1475

circumfulseda1513

illustrate1526

in light1534

lighted1596

illightened1609

enlightened1640

unblown1647

luminated1652

illuminated1664

lit1783

alight1817

lit-up1835

littena1849

light-struck1923

a1849 E. A. Poe Haunted Palace vi And travellers now within that valley, Through red-litten windows, see Vast forms that move fantastically To a discordant melody.

1861 J. C. H. Fane & Ld. Lytton Tannhäuser 72 And ‘salvum me fac Domine’ they sung Sonorous, in the ghostly going out Of the red-litten eve along the land.

1870 W. Morris Earthly Paradise: Pt. III 9 After the weary tossing of the night And close dim-litten chamber.

1896 S. R. Crockett Cleg Kelly 407 Sal Kavannah moved into the gray-litten space.

1899 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Feb. 319/1 It [yellow hair] sprayed out like a cloud of litten gold.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1903; most recently modified version published online September 2019).

† littenv.¹

Forms: Also Middle English litnien, Middle English Orm. littnenn.

Origin: Perhaps a borrowing from early Scandinavian. Etymon: Norse lita.

Etymology: ? Extended form (with suffix -en suffix⁵) of Old Norse lita = Old English wlitan to look.

Obsolete.

intransitive. To look to, unto. Also const. for to with infinitive: to rely on.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > expectation > hope > confident hope, trust > trust in, rely on [verb (transitive)]

to set one's heart on (also (in)c825

littenc1175

leanc1230

fie1340

trusta1382

resta1393

reappose1567

repose1567

lite1570

rely1574

to set (up) one's rest1579

rely1606

to look back1646

recumba1677

to pin one's faith (also hope, etc.) on (also to) a person's sleeve1791

to look to ——1807

bank1884

c1175 Lamb. Hom. 7 Forþi ne litmie [? read litnie] namon to swiðe to þisse liue.

c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 6115 Þet birrþ wislike nittenn. Vpp o þe sellfenn. & o þa Þatt littnenn to þin fode.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 10209 Child for to gett þai littend lang.

1535 Bible (Coverdale) Jer. xlvi. 25 Pharao, and all them y^t litten vnto him.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1903; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

† littenv.²

Etymology: ? < lit lite n.⁵: see -en suffix⁵.

Obsolete.

transitive. To diminish.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > quantity > decrease or reduction in quantity, amount, or degree > reduce in quantity, amount, or degree [verb (transitive)]

littleeOE

anitherOE

wanzelOE

lessc1225

slakea1300

littenc1300

aslakec1314

adminisha1325

allayc1330

settle1338

low1340

minisha1382

reprovea1382

abatea1398

rebatea1398

subtlea1398

alaskia1400

forlyten?a1400

imminish14..

lessenc1410

diminish1417

repress?a1425

assuagec1430

scarcec1440

small1440

underslakec1440

alessa1450

debate?c1450

batec1460

decreasec1470

appetisse1474

alow1494

mince1499

perswage?1504

remita1513

inless?1521

attenuate1530

weaken1530

defray1532

mitigate1532

minorate1534

narrow?1548

diminuec1550

extenuate1555

amain1578

exolve1578

base1581

dejecta1586

amoinder1588

faint1598

qualify1604

contract1605

to pull down1607

shrivel1609

to take down1610

disaugment1611

impoverish1611

shrink1628

decoct1629

persway1631

unflame1635

straiten1645

depress1647

reduce1649

detract1654

minuate1657

alloy1661

lower?1662

sinka1684

retreat1690

nip1785

to drive down1840

minify1866

to knock down1867

to damp down1869

scale1887

mute1891

clip1938

to roll back1942

to cut back1943

downscale1945

downrate1958

slim1963

downshift1972

c1300 Havelok (Laud) (1868) 2701 Hwan Hauelok saw his folk so brittene, And his ferd so swithe littene, He cam driuende upon a stede.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1903; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

n.c900

adj.a1849

v.¹c1175

v.²c1300

单词	litten
释义	littenn. Forms: Old English líc-tún, Middle English lytton(e, letton, 1500s lyttyn, 1600s litton, 1500s– litten. Etymology: Old English líc-tún , < líc corpse, lich n. + tún enclosure, town n.Previous versions of the OED give the stress as: ˈlitten. Obsolete exc. dialect. A churchyard. (Cf. church-litten n.) ΘΚΠ the world > life > death > disposal of corpse > burial > burial ground or cemetery > [noun] littenc900 charnel1377 burying-place1382 fosse?a1425 churchyard1477 golgotha1604 God's acre1605 cemetery1613 burial-place1633 dormitory1634 burying-ground1711 burial-field1743 graveyard1767 burial-ground1803 burial-yard1842 boneyard1866 Boot Hill1901 necropole1921 memorial park1927 grave-site1953 c900 tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. iii. xvii. (Schipper) 268 His lichama..wæs..on þæra broþra lictune bebyriged. c1420 Chron. Vilod. 4087 Bot when he come in to þat chirche-lyttone þo, Twey wemen he founde þere. 1474–5 in H. J. F. Swayne Churchwardens' Accts. Sarum (1896) 18 It. of the gift of the Bochers for grounds to her Stallys with oute the letton ijs. 1474–5 in H. J. F. Swayne Churchwardens' Accts. Sarum (1896) 20 It' in cleansyng of the Lytton xjd. 1506 Will of John Leer (P.R.O.: PROB. 11/15) f. 60^v To be buried in the cloister or in the lyttyn of the Trynite. 1595 in H. J. F. Swayne Churchwardens' Accts. Sarum (1896) 145 The wale against the litten. 1614–15 in H. J. F. Swayne Churchwardens' Accts. Sarum (1896) 165 Masonn mendinge the Church litton wale, 5s. 1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Litten, as Church-litten; a word us'd in Wiltshire for a Church-yard. 1798 J. Jefferson & W. H. Cope Gloss. Hampshire Words (MS.) (at cited word) The bury^g. ground at Holy Ghost Chapel at B'stoke is called the Litten. It is used also at Newbury in Berks. 1818 in H. J. Todd Johnson's Dict. Eng. Lang. ; and in mod. Dicts. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1903; most recently modified version published online December 2020). littenadj. /lɪt(ə)n/ Etymology: pseudo-archaic participle of light v.² = lighted adj. Usually in combination, e.g. dim-, gray-, red-litten. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > light > illumination > [adjective] > illuminated or lit up lightc1300 lightedc1450 illuminate?a1475 circumfulseda1513 illustrate1526 in light1534 lighted1596 illightened1609 enlightened1640 unblown1647 luminated1652 illuminated1664 lit1783 alight1817 lit-up1835 littena1849 light-struck1923 a1849 E. A. Poe Haunted Palace vi And travellers now within that valley, Through red-litten windows, see Vast forms that move fantastically To a discordant melody. 1861 J. C. H. Fane & Ld. Lytton Tannhäuser 72 And ‘salvum me fac Domine’ they sung Sonorous, in the ghostly going out Of the red-litten eve along the land. 1870 W. Morris Earthly Paradise: Pt. III 9 After the weary tossing of the night And close dim-litten chamber. 1896 S. R. Crockett Cleg Kelly 407 Sal Kavannah moved into the gray-litten space. 1899 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Feb. 319/1 It [yellow hair] sprayed out like a cloud of litten gold. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1903; most recently modified version published online September 2019). † littenv.¹ Forms: Also Middle English litnien, Middle English Orm. littnenn. Origin: Perhaps a borrowing from early Scandinavian. Etymon: Norse lita. Etymology: ? Extended form (with suffix -en suffix⁵) of Old Norse lita = Old English wlitan to look. Obsolete. intransitive. To look to, unto. Also const. for to with infinitive: to rely on. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > expectation > hope > confident hope, trust > trust in, rely on [verb (transitive)] to set one's heart on (also (in)c825 littenc1175 leanc1230 fie1340 trusta1382 resta1393 reappose1567 repose1567 lite1570 rely1574 to set (up) one's rest1579 rely1606 to look back1646 recumba1677 to pin one's faith (also hope, etc.) on (also to) a person's sleeve1791 to look to ——1807 bank1884 c1175 Lamb. Hom. 7 Forþi ne litmie [? read litnie] namon to swiðe to þisse liue. c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 6115 Þet birrþ wislike nittenn. Vpp o þe sellfenn. & o þa Þatt littnenn to þin fode. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 10209 Child for to gett þai littend lang. 1535 Bible (Coverdale) Jer. xlvi. 25 Pharao, and all them y^t litten vnto him. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1903; most recently modified version published online December 2020). † littenv.² Etymology: ? < lit lite n.⁵: see -en suffix⁵. Obsolete. transitive. To diminish. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > quantity > decrease or reduction in quantity, amount, or degree > reduce in quantity, amount, or degree [verb (transitive)] littleeOE anitherOE wanzelOE lessc1225 slakea1300 littenc1300 aslakec1314 adminisha1325 allayc1330 settle1338 low1340 minisha1382 reprovea1382 abatea1398 rebatea1398 subtlea1398 alaskia1400 forlyten?a1400 imminish14.. lessenc1410 diminish1417 repress?a1425 assuagec1430 scarcec1440 small1440 underslakec1440 alessa1450 debate?c1450 batec1460 decreasec1470 appetisse1474 alow1494 mince1499 perswage?1504 remita1513 inless?1521 attenuate1530 weaken1530 defray1532 mitigate1532 minorate1534 narrow?1548 diminuec1550 extenuate1555 amain1578 exolve1578 base1581 dejecta1586 amoinder1588 faint1598 qualify1604 contract1605 to pull down1607 shrivel1609 to take down1610 disaugment1611 impoverish1611 shrink1628 decoct1629 persway1631 unflame1635 straiten1645 depress1647 reduce1649 detract1654 minuate1657 alloy1661 lower?1662 sinka1684 retreat1690 nip1785 to drive down1840 minify1866 to knock down1867 to damp down1869 scale1887 mute1891 clip1938 to roll back1942 to cut back1943 downscale1945 downrate1958 slim1963 downshift1972 c1300 Havelok (Laud) (1868) 2701 Hwan Hauelok saw his folk so brittene, And his ferd so swithe littene, He cam driuende upon a stede. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1903; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.c900adj.a1849v.¹c1175v.²c1300
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littenn.

littenadj.

† littenv.1

† littenv.2

† littenv.¹

† littenv.²