literatin.

Brit.

/ˌlɪtəˈrɑːti/, U.S.

/ˌlɪdəˈrɑdi/

Forms: 1600s–1700s litterati, 1600s– literati.

Origin: Probably of multiple origins. Probably partly a borrowing from Latin. Probably partly a borrowing from Italian. Etymons: Latin litterātī, litterātus; Italian literati, literato.

Etymology: Probably partly < classical Latin litterātī, plural of litterātus literate n., and partly < Italian †literati, †litterati, plural of †literato, †litterato (see letterato n.). Compare earlier literate n., literatus n., and also later letterato n., literato n.Probably in some cases used as plural form corresponding to literatus n., in some as plural form corresponding to literato n., and in others (especially when denoting a class of people) without precise correspondence to any singular form. The use by Burton (see sense 2) is after the corresponding post-classical Latin use of classical Latin litterati in De Christiana expeditione apud Sinas suscepta ab Societate Jesu (1615) by the Italian Jesuit missionary Matteo Ricci.

With plural agreement.

1. Men or women of letters; the learned class as a whole; (in later use esp.) people interested in literature, or engaged in literary pursuits (sometimes in humorous or ironic use).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > scholarly knowledge, erudition > learned person, scholar > [noun] > collectively

lettereda1382

learneda1568

virtuoso1613

literati1620

educated1672

clerisya1834

1620 Bp. J. Hall Honor Married Clergie ii. xvi. 249 Perhaps, they were without Roman Orders, but if they were not Clerkes,..what needed they be Literati?

1664 J. Evelyn Acct. Archit. in tr. R. Fréart Parallel Antient Archit. 132 An industrious searcher of the Sciences, which is the same that a good Philologer is amongst our Literati.

1715 J. Addison Spectator No. 581. ¶33 I shall consult some Litterati on the Project.

1748 T. Smollett Roderick Random II. xlix. 138 It seems these literati had been very ill rewarded for their ingenious labours; for between them both, there was but one shirt and half a pair of breeches.

1766 H. Brooke Fool of Quality I. vii. 229 I daily frequented Markham's coffee-house, amidst a promiscuous resort of swords men, literati, beaux, and politicians.

1803 S. Smith Wks. (1859) I. 63/1 The list of Danish literati will best prove that they have no literati at all.

1812 W. Irving Hist. N.Y. (ed. 2) I. iii. iii. 148 Manifold are the tastes and dispositions of the enlightened literati, who turn over the pages of history.

1927 S. Haardt Let. 23 Nov. in H. L. Mencken & S. Haardt Mencken & Sara (1987) 348 The literati are staging a huge celebration Thanksgiving night.

1952 W. H. Auden Nones 28 All the literati keep an imaginary friend.

2006 Esquire Sept. 40/1 This year he went global, enlightening both the glitterati and the literati with appearances at the Cannes and Hay festivals.

2. spec. The learned class of China between the 17th and early 20th centuries. Now historical.Obtained by Burton (quot. 1621) from the Latin version of the letters of the Italian Jesuit missionary Matteo Ricci: see the etymology.

ΚΠ

1621 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy Democritus to Rdr. 58 To be..examined and approued as the literati in China.

1714 Locke's Ess. Humane Understanding i. iv, in Wks. I. 24 The great Encomiasts of the Chineses, do all to a man agree and will convince us that the Sect of the Literati..are..Atheists.

1786 Edinb. Mag. Aug. 63/1 It is a practice among the literati in China, to suffer their nails to grow to an immoderate length, that they may not be taken for labourers.

1896 Methodist Rev. Nov. 921 In nearly every riot against foreigners and Christianity in China these literati have been proved to be the instigators.

1912 J. O. P. Bland Recent Events China v. 124 A franchise whereby the Intelligents, the literati and gentry of the provinces might expect to exercise gradually increasing rights of representation.

1987 Asian Art 1 26 That unique creation of Chinese literati culture, the fully integral poem-painting.

2008 F. S. Kleiner Gardner's Art through Ages 743/1 In China, literati were cultured intellectuals whose education and upbringing as landed gentry afforded them positions in the bureaucracy that governed the country.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	literati
释义	literatin. Brit. /ˌlɪtəˈrɑːti/, U.S. /ˌlɪdəˈrɑdi/ Forms: 1600s–1700s litterati, 1600s– literati. Origin: Probably of multiple origins. Probably partly a borrowing from Latin. Probably partly a borrowing from Italian. Etymons: Latin litterātī, litterātus; Italian literati, literato. Etymology: Probably partly < classical Latin litterātī, plural of litterātus literate n., and partly < Italian †literati, †litterati, plural of †literato, †litterato (see letterato n.). Compare earlier literate n., literatus n., and also later letterato n., literato n.Probably in some cases used as plural form corresponding to literatus n., in some as plural form corresponding to literato n., and in others (especially when denoting a class of people) without precise correspondence to any singular form. The use by Burton (see sense 2) is after the corresponding post-classical Latin use of classical Latin litterati in De Christiana expeditione apud Sinas suscepta ab Societate Jesu (1615) by the Italian Jesuit missionary Matteo Ricci. With plural agreement. 1. Men or women of letters; the learned class as a whole; (in later use esp.) people interested in literature, or engaged in literary pursuits (sometimes in humorous or ironic use). ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > scholarly knowledge, erudition > learned person, scholar > [noun] > collectively lettereda1382 learneda1568 virtuoso1613 literati1620 educated1672 clerisya1834 1620 Bp. J. Hall Honor Married Clergie ii. xvi. 249 Perhaps, they were without Roman Orders, but if they were not Clerkes,..what needed they be Literati? 1664 J. Evelyn Acct. Archit. in tr. R. Fréart Parallel Antient Archit. 132 An industrious searcher of the Sciences, which is the same that a good Philologer is amongst our Literati. 1715 J. Addison Spectator No. 581. ¶33 I shall consult some Litterati on the Project. 1748 T. Smollett Roderick Random II. xlix. 138 It seems these literati had been very ill rewarded for their ingenious labours; for between them both, there was but one shirt and half a pair of breeches. 1766 H. Brooke Fool of Quality I. vii. 229 I daily frequented Markham's coffee-house, amidst a promiscuous resort of swords men, literati, beaux, and politicians. 1803 S. Smith Wks. (1859) I. 63/1 The list of Danish literati will best prove that they have no literati at all. 1812 W. Irving Hist. N.Y. (ed. 2) I. iii. iii. 148 Manifold are the tastes and dispositions of the enlightened literati, who turn over the pages of history. 1927 S. Haardt Let. 23 Nov. in H. L. Mencken & S. Haardt Mencken & Sara (1987) 348 The literati are staging a huge celebration Thanksgiving night. 1952 W. H. Auden Nones 28 All the literati keep an imaginary friend. 2006 Esquire Sept. 40/1 This year he went global, enlightening both the glitterati and the literati with appearances at the Cannes and Hay festivals. 2. spec. The learned class of China between the 17th and early 20th centuries. Now historical.Obtained by Burton (quot. 1621) from the Latin version of the letters of the Italian Jesuit missionary Matteo Ricci: see the etymology. ΚΠ 1621 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy Democritus to Rdr. 58 To be..examined and approued as the literati in China. 1714 Locke's Ess. Humane Understanding i. iv, in Wks. I. 24 The great Encomiasts of the Chineses, do all to a man agree and will convince us that the Sect of the Literati..are..Atheists. 1786 Edinb. Mag. Aug. 63/1 It is a practice among the literati in China, to suffer their nails to grow to an immoderate length, that they may not be taken for labourers. 1896 Methodist Rev. Nov. 921 In nearly every riot against foreigners and Christianity in China these literati have been proved to be the instigators. 1912 J. O. P. Bland Recent Events China v. 124 A franchise whereby the Intelligents, the literati and gentry of the provinces might expect to exercise gradually increasing rights of representation. 1987 Asian Art 1 26 That unique creation of Chinese literati culture, the fully integral poem-painting. 2008 F. S. Kleiner Gardner's Art through Ages 743/1 In China, literati were cultured intellectuals whose education and upbringing as landed gentry afforded them positions in the bureaucracy that governed the country. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1620
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