lightenern.¹

Brit.

/ˈlʌɪtn̩ə/,

/ˈlʌɪtnə/, U.S.

/ˈlaɪtn̩ər/,

/ˈlaɪtnər/

Forms: Middle English liȝtnere, 1500s–1600s lightner, 1800s– lightener; also Scottish pre-1700 lychtnar.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: lighten v.¹, -er suffix¹.

Etymology: < lighten v.¹ + -er suffix¹. Compare slightly later lighter n.²In sense 1 originally after classical Latin illuminātor illuminator n.; compare later enlightener n. In sense 2 originally after ancient Greek ἀστεροπητής.

†1. Something which illuminates or enlightens; an illuminator; an enlightener. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > light > illumination > [noun] > one who or that which illuminates

lightc1325

alumerea1350

lanternc1374

lightenera1382

light-givera1382

light-makera1425

illuminera1500

illuminator1598

illuminant1644

emblazer1776

luminant18..

a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Prov. xxix. 13 The pore and the creaunsour metten togidere; of either the liȝtnere [L. inluminator] is the Lord.

1513 G. Douglas in tr. Virgil Æneid i. Prol. 63 Phebus lychtnar of the planetis all.

1587 Sir P. Sidney & A. Golding tr. P. de Mornay Trewnesse Christian Relig. ii. 23 The same Sunne is the lightner [Fr. lumiere] of our eyes.

1677 F. Bampfield All in One 115 The substance of the cœlestial Luminaries or Lightners were not made on the first day of the created World.

1897 A. S. Hawkesworth De Incarnatione Verbi Dei i. 3 We can, then, know Him both more freely, and more fully, as the ‘Lightener and Inspirer’ of our souls.

2. With the. Usually with capital initial. A name for: Zeus (or Jupiter), the god of lightning in Greek (or Roman) mythology. Often literary and poetic.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the supernatural > deity > classical deity > [noun] > Zeus

lightener1598

Zeus1721

All-Father1844

the world > the supernatural > deity > classical deity > [noun] > Jupiter

Jupiterc1275

Jovec1374

thundererc1374

altitonant?1578

lightener1598

thunder-darter1605

thunder-bearer1608

Saturnian1611

fulminator1613

thunder-mastera1616

fly-way-driver1658

Jupiter Pluvius1864

the world > matter > light > naturally occurring light > [noun] > lightning > bead or forked lightning > one who flashes

lightener1598

1598 G. Chapman tr. Homer Seauen Bks. Iliades iii. 57 All Gods by the lightner [Gk. ἀστεροπητῇ] set, the frame thereof admirde Mongst whome the earthquake-making God, this of their king enquirde.

1610 J. Healey tr. J. L. Vives in tr. St. Augustine Citie of God vii. xi. 270 Aristotle saith that God beeing but one, is called by many names, the Lightner, the thunderer, the Ethereall, the Celestiall [etc.].

a1652 I. Jones Most Notable Antiq. called Stone-Heng (1655) 101 Temples dedicated to this their God, and to Jove the Lightner, the Sun, and the Moon.

1856 J. Banks tr. Hesiod Theogony in Wks. Hesiod, Callimachus, & Theognis 22 The Olympian Lightener [Gk. ἀστεροπητὴς] summoned all the immortal gods to broad Olympus.

2015 F. Seeburger Trauma of God in Other Jrnl. No. 25. ii. 7 A bolt of lightening—that ancient symbol of Zeus, the lightener.

3. A substance or agent used to make something lighter in tone or colour; esp. a preparation for lightening the hair or skin.Frequently with modifying word, and recorded earliest in hair lightener n. at hair n. Additions. See also skin lightener n. at skin n. Compounds 5, coffee lightener n. at coffee n. Additions.

ΚΠ

1892 Young Ladies' Jrnl. June 334/2 We give preference to peroxide of hydrogen as a hair-lightener.

1939 Cedar Rapids (Iowa) Gaz. 28 June 9/4 Mercolized Wax Cream is an excellent complexion lightener.

1956 D. R. Lewis L. Daché's Glamour Bk. ix. 135 Hair lightener usually comes in liquid form... I used the lightener before each shampoo for a while and then one day I discovered I had almost become a blonde.

1971 B. Dorf Beginner's Guide Painting in Oils v. 40 White is the usual lightener of oil paint.

1976 A. Higgins Common-sense Guide Refinishing Antiques (new ed.) ix. 83 The best bleaches or wood lighteners are oxalic acid solutions.

1996 Independent 5 Apr. ii. 5/2 As for her hair? Freshly blonded—carefully avoiding the roots—with a spray-in lightener.

2010 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 28 Feb. (T Style Mag.) 90/1 Bright people don't deserve dull skin. But the array of brighteners and lighteners is monumental.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2021).

lightenern.²

Brit.

/ˈlʌɪtn̩ə/,

/ˈlʌɪtnə/, U.S.

/ˈlaɪtn̩ər/,

/ˈlaɪtnər/

Forms: 1500s–1700s lightner, 1500s– lightener; also Scottish pre-1700 lichtnare, pre-1700 lightnar, pre-1700 lychtnar.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: lighten v.², -er suffix¹.

Etymology: < lighten v.² + -er suffix¹. With sense 1 compare earlier lighter n.¹

†1. English regional (chiefly northern). A boat, usually an unpowered, flat-bottomed barge, used to load and unload ships, and to transport cargo to and from the wharf or between ships; = lighter n.¹ Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > vessel of specific construction or shape > flat-bottomed boat > [noun] > lighter

lighter1372

lightener1526

cabarra1670

gondola1767

lighterman1770

1526 in J. Vanes Documents Illustr. Overseas Trade Bristol 16th Cent. (1979) iv. 82 The same xl tonnes of wyne conveyde with lighteners unto the Key of Bristoll.

1558 in J. Raine Wills & Inventories N. Counties Eng. (1835) I. 168 ij kealles & a half a lightner & a botte.

1592 in J. Raine Wills & Inventories N. Counties Eng. (1835) I. 252 My clinkere lightner, with all her geare.

1789 J. Brand Hist. & Antiq. Newcastle II. 261 (note) Their [sc. the keelmen's] vessels are called keels or lightners.

2. A person who or thing which eases a problem, burden, etc.,, or makes something less grievous; a person who makes something lighter; an alleviator.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > manner of action > lack of violence, severity, or intensity > [noun] > one who or that which mitigates or moderates

slakea1300

mitigativea1398

allayerc1487

slaker?1518

assuager1547

abater1583

mollifier1583

mitigator1586

moderator1589

softener1599

rebater1601

lightener?1611

allay1614

swager1617

mitigation1622

temperer1630

alleviator1665

alleviative1672

sheather1762

soberera1849

buffer1858

charmer1871

suppressant1884

modifier1890

moderant1897

shock-absorber1924

the mind > emotion > pleasure > state of being consoled or relieved > [noun] > act, means, or source of consolation or relief > one who or that which consoles or relieves

comfortera1382

discharger?1537

consolatora1540

assuager1547

cheerer?1567

easera1592

tame-grief1606

lightener?1611

solacer1611

lenitive1614

swager1617

allayer1631

unbender1637

comfortable1650

alleviator1725

consoler1740

soother1780

reassurer1882

a shoulder to cry on1935

the world > matter > properties of materials > lightness > [noun] > making light or lighter > one who

lightener1884

?1611 G. Chapman in tr. Homer Iliads Ep. Ded. 78 Learning, and her Lightner, Poesie.

1768 H. Brooke Fool of Quality III. xv. 89 A sweet lightner of my afflictions.

1789 F. Burney Diary 9 Jan. (1842) IV. 373 What a lightener..would it not be, to this burthening period!

1884 G. A. Sala Journey due South (1887) i. iv. 55 An accomplished lightener of the traveller's purse.

1892 S. Rapalje Treat. Law of Larceny p. iv A book..would be welcomed by them, as to some extent, at least, a lightener of their burdens, and a saver of their time.

2017 Scottish Daily Mail (Nexis) 4 Sept. 17 He [sc. the Duke of Edinburgh] is tremendous fun and such a lightener—he came for lunch the other day.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2021).

单词	lightener
释义	lightenern.¹ Brit. /ˈlʌɪtn̩ə/, /ˈlʌɪtnə/, U.S. /ˈlaɪtn̩ər/, /ˈlaɪtnər/ Forms: Middle English liȝtnere, 1500s–1600s lightner, 1800s– lightener; also Scottish pre-1700 lychtnar. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: lighten v.¹, -er suffix¹. Etymology: < lighten v.¹ + -er suffix¹. Compare slightly later lighter n.²In sense 1 originally after classical Latin illuminātor illuminator n.; compare later enlightener n. In sense 2 originally after ancient Greek ἀστεροπητής. †1. Something which illuminates or enlightens; an illuminator; an enlightener. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > light > illumination > [noun] > one who or that which illuminates lightc1325 alumerea1350 lanternc1374 lightenera1382 light-givera1382 light-makera1425 illuminera1500 illuminator1598 illuminant1644 emblazer1776 luminant18.. a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Prov. xxix. 13 The pore and the creaunsour metten togidere; of either the liȝtnere [L. inluminator] is the Lord. 1513 G. Douglas in tr. Virgil Æneid i. Prol. 63 Phebus lychtnar of the planetis all. 1587 Sir P. Sidney & A. Golding tr. P. de Mornay Trewnesse Christian Relig. ii. 23 The same Sunne is the lightner [Fr. lumiere] of our eyes. 1677 F. Bampfield All in One 115 The substance of the cœlestial Luminaries or Lightners were not made on the first day of the created World. 1897 A. S. Hawkesworth De Incarnatione Verbi Dei i. 3 We can, then, know Him both more freely, and more fully, as the ‘Lightener and Inspirer’ of our souls. 2. With the. Usually with capital initial. A name for: Zeus (or Jupiter), the god of lightning in Greek (or Roman) mythology. Often literary and poetic. ΘΚΠ the world > the supernatural > deity > classical deity > [noun] > Zeus lightener1598 Zeus1721 All-Father1844 the world > the supernatural > deity > classical deity > [noun] > Jupiter Jupiterc1275 Jovec1374 thundererc1374 altitonant?1578 lightener1598 thunder-darter1605 thunder-bearer1608 Saturnian1611 fulminator1613 thunder-mastera1616 fly-way-driver1658 Jupiter Pluvius1864 the world > matter > light > naturally occurring light > [noun] > lightning > bead or forked lightning > one who flashes lightener1598 1598 G. Chapman tr. Homer Seauen Bks. Iliades iii. 57 All Gods by the lightner [Gk. ἀστεροπητῇ] set, the frame thereof admirde Mongst whome the earthquake-making God, this of their king enquirde. 1610 J. Healey tr. J. L. Vives in tr. St. Augustine Citie of God vii. xi. 270 Aristotle saith that God beeing but one, is called by many names, the Lightner, the thunderer, the Ethereall, the Celestiall [etc.]. a1652 I. Jones Most Notable Antiq. called Stone-Heng (1655) 101 Temples dedicated to this their God, and to Jove the Lightner, the Sun, and the Moon. 1856 J. Banks tr. Hesiod Theogony in Wks. Hesiod, Callimachus, & Theognis 22 The Olympian Lightener [Gk. ἀστεροπητὴς] summoned all the immortal gods to broad Olympus. 2015 F. Seeburger Trauma of God in Other Jrnl. No. 25. ii. 7 A bolt of lightening—that ancient symbol of Zeus, the lightener. 3. A substance or agent used to make something lighter in tone or colour; esp. a preparation for lightening the hair or skin.Frequently with modifying word, and recorded earliest in hair lightener n. at hair n. Additions. See also skin lightener n. at skin n. Compounds 5, coffee lightener n. at coffee n. Additions. ΚΠ 1892 Young Ladies' Jrnl. June 334/2 We give preference to peroxide of hydrogen as a hair-lightener. 1939 Cedar Rapids (Iowa) Gaz. 28 June 9/4 Mercolized Wax Cream is an excellent complexion lightener. 1956 D. R. Lewis L. Daché's Glamour Bk. ix. 135 Hair lightener usually comes in liquid form... I used the lightener before each shampoo for a while and then one day I discovered I had almost become a blonde. 1971 B. Dorf Beginner's Guide Painting in Oils v. 40 White is the usual lightener of oil paint. 1976 A. Higgins Common-sense Guide Refinishing Antiques (new ed.) ix. 83 The best bleaches or wood lighteners are oxalic acid solutions. 1996 Independent 5 Apr. ii. 5/2 As for her hair? Freshly blonded—carefully avoiding the roots—with a spray-in lightener. 2010 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 28 Feb. (T Style Mag.) 90/1 Bright people don't deserve dull skin. But the array of brighteners and lighteners is monumental. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2021). lightenern.² Brit. /ˈlʌɪtn̩ə/, /ˈlʌɪtnə/, U.S. /ˈlaɪtn̩ər/, /ˈlaɪtnər/ Forms: 1500s–1700s lightner, 1500s– lightener; also Scottish pre-1700 lichtnare, pre-1700 lightnar, pre-1700 lychtnar. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: lighten v.², -er suffix¹. Etymology: < lighten v.² + -er suffix¹. With sense 1 compare earlier lighter n.¹ †1. English regional (chiefly northern). A boat, usually an unpowered, flat-bottomed barge, used to load and unload ships, and to transport cargo to and from the wharf or between ships; = lighter n.¹ Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > vessel of specific construction or shape > flat-bottomed boat > [noun] > lighter lighter1372 lightener1526 cabarra1670 gondola1767 lighterman1770 1526 in J. Vanes Documents Illustr. Overseas Trade Bristol 16th Cent. (1979) iv. 82 The same xl tonnes of wyne conveyde with lighteners unto the Key of Bristoll. 1558 in J. Raine Wills & Inventories N. Counties Eng. (1835) I. 168 ij kealles & a half a lightner & a botte. 1592 in J. Raine Wills & Inventories N. Counties Eng. (1835) I. 252 My clinkere lightner, with all her geare. 1789 J. Brand Hist. & Antiq. Newcastle II. 261 (note) Their [sc. the keelmen's] vessels are called keels or lightners. 2. A person who or thing which eases a problem, burden, etc.,, or makes something less grievous; a person who makes something lighter; an alleviator. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > manner of action > lack of violence, severity, or intensity > [noun] > one who or that which mitigates or moderates slakea1300 mitigativea1398 allayerc1487 slaker?1518 assuager1547 abater1583 mollifier1583 mitigator1586 moderator1589 softener1599 rebater1601 lightener?1611 allay1614 swager1617 mitigation1622 temperer1630 alleviator1665 alleviative1672 sheather1762 soberera1849 buffer1858 charmer1871 suppressant1884 modifier1890 moderant1897 shock-absorber1924 the mind > emotion > pleasure > state of being consoled or relieved > [noun] > act, means, or source of consolation or relief > one who or that which consoles or relieves comfortera1382 discharger?1537 consolatora1540 assuager1547 cheerer?1567 easera1592 tame-grief1606 lightener?1611 solacer1611 lenitive1614 swager1617 allayer1631 unbender1637 comfortable1650 alleviator1725 consoler1740 soother1780 reassurer1882 a shoulder to cry on1935 the world > matter > properties of materials > lightness > [noun] > making light or lighter > one who lightener1884 ?1611 G. Chapman in tr. Homer Iliads Ep. Ded. 78 Learning, and her Lightner, Poesie. 1768 H. Brooke Fool of Quality III. xv. 89 A sweet lightner of my afflictions. 1789 F. Burney Diary 9 Jan. (1842) IV. 373 What a lightener..would it not be, to this burthening period! 1884 G. A. Sala Journey due South (1887) i. iv. 55 An accomplished lightener of the traveller's purse. 1892 S. Rapalje Treat. Law of Larceny p. iv A book..would be welcomed by them, as to some extent, at least, a lightener of their burdens, and a saver of their time. 2017 Scottish Daily Mail (Nexis) 4 Sept. 17 He [sc. the Duke of Edinburgh] is tremendous fun and such a lightener—he came for lunch the other day. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2021). < n.¹a1382n.²1526
随便看	endodontically endodontics endodontist endodontists endodromic endodynamomorphic endoer endoest endofday endofdecember endofseason endofsteel town endofterm endoftermy endofthecentury endoftheworld endoftheyear endogamic endogamies endogamous endogamy endogastric endogen endogeneity endogenesis

lightenern.1

lightenern.2

lightenern.¹

lightenern.²