life-preservern.

Brit.

/ˈlʌɪfprᵻˌzəːvə/, U.S.

/ˈlaɪfprəˌzərvər/,

/ˈlaɪfpriˌzərvər/

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: life n., preserver n.

Etymology: < life n. + preserver n.In quot. 1638, the transliterated Hebrew word Hachajim appears to represent Hebrew ḥayyīm life (see lechayim n.) with the definite article ha- . The Hebrew noun is etymologically unrelated to the Arabic etymon of hakim n.² (which is spelt Hackeem in the quot.), so that the quot. presents a folk etymology.

1. A person who or thing which preserves life.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > preservation from injury or destruction > [noun] > one who preserves from injury or destruction > one who preserves life

life-preserver1638

1638 T. Herbert Some Yeares Trav. (rev. ed.) 234 The Doctors are nam'd Hackeems (it may be radically from the Hebrew word Hachajim, that is, a life-preserver).

1827 Sporting Mag. Dec. 90 They proves indisputably all the virtues enumerated in his [sc. a dog's] character of a life preserver.

1863 W. M. Thackeray Let. (1946) III. 280 John Elliotson M. A. (Camb.)..is a Life Preserver.

2006 P. Williams-Forson Building Houses out of Chicken Legs i. i. 27 They..plan an attack upon the poultry, pork, or some other life preserver which the white man has put up for his own use.

2. A life jacket, lifebuoy, or other device worn to support the body in the water. Cf. preserver n. 2c. Chiefly North American.With regard to the invention of an early form of life-preserver see Repertory Arts (1808) XIII. 310 and quot. 1820.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > other equipment of vessel > [noun] > float to support person in water

belt1758

jacket1762

marine collar1764

lifebuoy1783

life-preserver1804

life jacket1819

safety belt1836

lifebelt1841

life vest1848

life ring1911

preserver1912

Mae West1940

1804 Naval Chron. 12 189 The plan of the ‘Life Preserver’ here mentioned is borrowed from that of Commissary Bosquet.

1820 Morning Chron. 20 June 3 We observed that Francis Colombine Daniel, M.D. of Mile-end, who invented the Life Preserver in case of shipwreck, and who has been honoured with the gold medal from the Society of Arts, and an elegant medallion from the Royal Humane Society, was presented by the Earl of Delawar,..and his Majesty was most graciously pleased to confer on the Learned Doctor the honour of Knighthood for the invention.

1825 T. Hood Ode to Mr. Dymoke Nor would even the best of his earthly inventions, ‘Life preservers’, have floated him out of this gore.

1850 H. T. Cheever Whale & his Captors ii. 37 Taking..a life-preserver, I ventured into one of the little canoes.

1915 N.Y. Times 9 May 2/7 I was able to get hold of a life-preserver and remained on the starboard side until the water was almost at my feet.

1951 E. Paul Springtime in Paris (U.K. ed.) xiv. 263 Wooden cases containing stout life preservers with generous lengths of rope were attached to the bridges.

2002 Inquirer Mag. 14 Apr. 11/3 The aces ii seat fell away, leaving Rooster with his life preserver, an inflatable life raft, and a 16-by-16-inch item that looked like a blue stadium cushion.

3. A stick or truncheon weighted at one end with lead and intended for use in self-defence. Cf. cosh n.³ a. Now historical.Often carried for protection by burglars.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > blunt weapons other than sticks > [noun] > flail or black-jack

flailc1475

wapper1481

scorpion1541

threshel1688

swingle1818

life-preserver1833

black jack1848

slung-shot1848

neddy1851

slingshot1891

slogger1892

Jack1911

nunchaku1969

nunchuck1970

1833 Proc. Old Bailey 14 Feb. 223/1 I saw the life-preserver laying on the table, mended in the state it is now; Smith had it in his hand, and struck me with it several times in play.

1851 Official Descriptive & Illustr. Catal. Great Exhib. IV. 1056 Life-preservers, of whale-bone and cane, covered with leather.

1887 Spectator 26 Feb. 285/1 When a burglar is armed with a bludgeon or a life-preserver.

1927 E. Wallace Squeaker xxvii. 253 He pulled the life-preserver from his pocket and thrust it into Leslie's hand. ‘Go and cosh him!’

1955 G. Gorer Exploring Eng. Char. ii. 13 Men walked armed, if not with swords, then with cudgels or life-preservers.

4. figurative and in extended use.

ΚΠ

1848 Littell's Living Age 22 Apr. 149/1 There is no life-preserver like the precocity of a narrow spirit and a cold heart.

1851 London at Table i. 8 The ‘life preserver’, as the half-pint bottle has been termed.

1941 J. Smiley Hash House Lingo 35 Life preservers, doughnuts.

1953 Manch. Guardian Weekly 14 May 11 Chambers admits that..he was busy preparing a ‘life preserver’ in the form of stolen documents he could use later to silence anyone who might rat on him.

2002 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 16 June iv. 4/2 Many industry experts say the initial $5 billion cash infusion [given to the airlines] was a necessary life preserver.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	life-preserver
释义	life-preservern. Brit. /ˈlʌɪfprᵻˌzəːvə/, U.S. /ˈlaɪfprəˌzərvər/, /ˈlaɪfpriˌzərvər/ Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: life n., preserver n. Etymology: < life n. + preserver n.In quot. 1638, the transliterated Hebrew word Hachajim appears to represent Hebrew ḥayyīm life (see lechayim n.) with the definite article ha- . The Hebrew noun is etymologically unrelated to the Arabic etymon of hakim n.² (which is spelt Hackeem in the quot.), so that the quot. presents a folk etymology. 1. A person who or thing which preserves life. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > preservation from injury or destruction > [noun] > one who preserves from injury or destruction > one who preserves life life-preserver1638 1638 T. Herbert Some Yeares Trav. (rev. ed.) 234 The Doctors are nam'd Hackeems (it may be radically from the Hebrew word Hachajim, that is, a life-preserver). 1827 Sporting Mag. Dec. 90 They proves indisputably all the virtues enumerated in his [sc. a dog's] character of a life preserver. 1863 W. M. Thackeray Let. (1946) III. 280 John Elliotson M. A. (Camb.)..is a Life Preserver. 2006 P. Williams-Forson Building Houses out of Chicken Legs i. i. 27 They..plan an attack upon the poultry, pork, or some other life preserver which the white man has put up for his own use. 2. A life jacket, lifebuoy, or other device worn to support the body in the water. Cf. preserver n. 2c. Chiefly North American.With regard to the invention of an early form of life-preserver see Repertory Arts (1808) XIII. 310 and quot. 1820. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > other equipment of vessel > [noun] > float to support person in water belt1758 jacket1762 marine collar1764 lifebuoy1783 life-preserver1804 life jacket1819 safety belt1836 lifebelt1841 life vest1848 life ring1911 preserver1912 Mae West1940 1804 Naval Chron. 12 189 The plan of the ‘Life Preserver’ here mentioned is borrowed from that of Commissary Bosquet. 1820 Morning Chron. 20 June 3 We observed that Francis Colombine Daniel, M.D. of Mile-end, who invented the Life Preserver in case of shipwreck, and who has been honoured with the gold medal from the Society of Arts, and an elegant medallion from the Royal Humane Society, was presented by the Earl of Delawar,..and his Majesty was most graciously pleased to confer on the Learned Doctor the honour of Knighthood for the invention. 1825 T. Hood Ode to Mr. Dymoke Nor would even the best of his earthly inventions, ‘Life preservers’, have floated him out of this gore. 1850 H. T. Cheever Whale & his Captors ii. 37 Taking..a life-preserver, I ventured into one of the little canoes. 1915 N.Y. Times 9 May 2/7 I was able to get hold of a life-preserver and remained on the starboard side until the water was almost at my feet. 1951 E. Paul Springtime in Paris (U.K. ed.) xiv. 263 Wooden cases containing stout life preservers with generous lengths of rope were attached to the bridges. 2002 Inquirer Mag. 14 Apr. 11/3 The aces ii seat fell away, leaving Rooster with his life preserver, an inflatable life raft, and a 16-by-16-inch item that looked like a blue stadium cushion. 3. A stick or truncheon weighted at one end with lead and intended for use in self-defence. Cf. cosh n.³ a. Now historical.Often carried for protection by burglars. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > blunt weapons other than sticks > [noun] > flail or black-jack flailc1475 wapper1481 scorpion1541 threshel1688 swingle1818 life-preserver1833 black jack1848 slung-shot1848 neddy1851 slingshot1891 slogger1892 Jack1911 nunchaku1969 nunchuck1970 1833 Proc. Old Bailey 14 Feb. 223/1 I saw the life-preserver laying on the table, mended in the state it is now; Smith had it in his hand, and struck me with it several times in play. 1851 Official Descriptive & Illustr. Catal. Great Exhib. IV. 1056 Life-preservers, of whale-bone and cane, covered with leather. 1887 Spectator 26 Feb. 285/1 When a burglar is armed with a bludgeon or a life-preserver. 1927 E. Wallace Squeaker xxvii. 253 He pulled the life-preserver from his pocket and thrust it into Leslie's hand. ‘Go and cosh him!’ 1955 G. Gorer Exploring Eng. Char. ii. 13 Men walked armed, if not with swords, then with cudgels or life-preservers. 4. figurative and in extended use. ΚΠ 1848 Littell's Living Age 22 Apr. 149/1 There is no life-preserver like the precocity of a narrow spirit and a cold heart. 1851 London at Table i. 8 The ‘life preserver’, as the half-pint bottle has been termed. 1941 J. Smiley Hash House Lingo 35 Life preservers, doughnuts. 1953 Manch. Guardian Weekly 14 May 11 Chambers admits that..he was busy preparing a ‘life preserver’ in the form of stolen documents he could use later to silence anyone who might rat on him. 2002 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 16 June iv. 4/2 Many industry experts say the initial $5 billion cash infusion [given to the airlines] was a necessary life preserver. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1638
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