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单词 libertinism
释义

libertinismn.

Brit. /ˈlɪbətɪnɪz(ə)m/, U.S. /ˈlɪbərˌtiˌnɪz(ə)m/
Forms: see libertine n. and adj. and -ism suffix.
Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: libertine n., -ism suffix.
Etymology: < libertine n. + -ism suffix. Compare Middle French libertinisme (1563). Compare libertinage n.
1. The views or practices of libertines (libertine n. 2a); free-thinking in religion; antinomianism. Now historical.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > aspects of faith > free thought > [noun]
private judgement1565
libertinism1575
libertism1652
libertinage1654
free-thinking?1700
free-thought1711
liberalism1823
1575 Exam. Whytgiftes Censures 17 The thirtenth assertion is condemned of Anabaptisme in abriging the Magistrats lawfull auctoritie and of libertinisme in geuinge the people to muche carnall libertie.
1641–51 Lanc. Tracts (Chetham Soc.) 10 A zealous Defender of the established Doctrine..of our Church, from Heresie, Libertinisme, and Prophanenesse.
1664 H. More Apol. in Modest Enq. Myst. Iniquity 566 Fed with the sweet sugar sops of Libertinism and Antinomianism.
1699 Bp. G. Burnet Expos. 39 Articles (1700) xxxii. 356 The Marriage of most of the Reformers was urged..as a Doctrine of Libertinism, that made the clergy look too like the rest of the World.
1749 D. Hartley Observ. Man ii. iv. Concl. 446 If Men reject Revealed Religion, great Libertinism must ensue.
1805 B. Lambert tr. C. Villers Ess. Spirit & Infl. Reformation ii. i. 238 They were replaced by atheism, libertinism, and the contempt of all laws divine and human.
1874 J. H. Blunt Dict. Sects 373 It may be concluded that the Nicolaitane doctrine was a doctrine of libertinism in religious rites.
1922 Harvard Theol. Rev. 15 192 A heathenish libertinism he would have brought to check in a very different way.
1972 Church Hist. 41 262 Calvin must be understood against the background of French humanism, mysticism and spiritual libertinism.
2002 B. Dooley Morandi's Last Prophecy 4 Thinkers of every sort..partake of an atmosphere of libertinism and free thinking that is impossible to dispel.
2. Behaviour characteristic of a libertine (libertine n. 3); dissoluteness, licentiousness.
ΘΚΠ
society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > [noun]
goleshipc1000
golenessa1050
kaggerleȝcc1175
untowenshipa1250
follyc1300
wantonnessc1390
ragerya1393
nicetya1400
wantonhead1435
lightnessa1450
gole?a1500
free will?1518
nicenessa1533
looseness1576
licentiousness1586
waggishness1591
libertinage1611
libertinism1611
licence1713
fastness1859
permissiveness1946
1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Sensualité, Sensuality, libertinisme, or epicurisme.
1650 R. Baxter Saints Everlasting Rest (1651) iii. 283 Troden under foot by Libertinism, and sensuality, as meat for Swine.
1753 S. Richardson Hist. Sir Charles Grandison II. xvii. 184 Thus are wickedness and libertinism called a knowledge of the world, a knowledge of human nature.
1757 D. Hume Hist. Great Brit. II. iii. ii. 453 Wycherley was ambitious of the reputation of wit and libertinism; and he attained it.
1852 W. M. Thackeray Henry Esmond I. xiii. 299 The lord made a boast of his libertinism.
1892 W. R. Thayer Dawn Ital. Independence II. iv. i. 6 Men who had taken the vow of chastity should not outdo worldlings in libertinism.
1916 Publ. Mod. Lang. Assoc. Amer. 31 15 Two young rakes who pursue libertinism in its most ardent forms.
1977 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 15 Sept. 26/2 ‘Free love’ never meant libertinism..but quite simply that there should be no coercion in sexual relationships.
2003 Guardian 22 Nov. (Review section) 12/5 When conservatives rage against ‘that man’ [sc. Bill Clinton] it is not just the libertinism or even the liberalism that provokes them.
3. Freedom of action; unrestrained liberty.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > lack of subjection > freedom or liberty > freedom of action or from restraint > [noun]
freedomOE
freenesslOE
libertya1393
licence?a1400
wilfulnessc1460
immunity1549
latitude1605
voluntariness1612
liberum arbitrium1642
free agencya1646
libertinism1649
unrestrainedness1698
unrestraint1755
relaxity1759
head1804
laissez-aller1818
unrestrictedness1825
uninhibitedness1947
1649 H. Hammond Christians Obligations iii. 71 Dignified with the title of Freeman, and denied the libertinisme that belongs to it.
1753 J. Hanway Hist. Acct. Brit. Trade Caspian Sea II. lii. 360 If libertinism is carried to a certain degree, the coercive power must become arbitrary.
1875 B. Jowett tr. Plato Dialogues (ed. 2) III. 451 The freedom and libertinism of useless and unnecessary pleasures.
1915 Internat. Jrnl. Ethics 25 391 Libertinism, laisser-aller, is not power, but the antithesis of it.
1961 tr. in Midwest Jrnl. Polit. Sci. 5 341 To permit the libertinism of the enemies of liberty is..highly dangerous and even suicidal.
2007 Amer. Spectator (Nexis) Aug. We favor maximum liberty within the law (but not libertinism, although we would rely on private communities rather than on government to uphold the distinctions between one and the other).
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.1575
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