libertarianismn.

Brit.

/ˌlɪbəˈtɛːrɪənɪz(ə)m/, U.S.

/ˌlɪbərˈtɛriəˌnɪz(ə)m/

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: libertarian n., -ism suffix.

Etymology: < libertarian n. + -ism suffix.

1. Philosophy. The doctrine or belief that human beings possess free will. Cf. determinism n. 1.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > philosophy of will > [noun] > libertarianism and its adherents

libertarian1789

libertarianism1830

1830 W. Taylor Hist. Surv. German Poetry III. 10 (note) The general drift of his [sc. Kant's] system..is not libertarianism.

1886 H. Sidgwick in Mind 11 144 [This] is to make him [sc. Plato] talk modern Libertarianism in a quite unwarrantable way.

1913 H. W. Wright Self-realization ii. v. 162 If we understand that the true meaning of freedom is self-determination we are able to perceive how far both Libertarianism and Determinism are right.

1952 Philos. Q. 2 13 It has been thought that libertarianism means that acts, or some acts, are uncaused.

2002 R. Double in R. Kane Oxf. Handbk. Free Will (2005) xxiii. 521 The problem I see for any variety of libertarianism is that it loosens the connection between persons and their choices.

a. Esp. in political contexts: advocacy of, support for, or exercise of liberty.

ΚΠ

1897 Liberty May 4/2 Individual Anarchism proposing to substitute for the existing order as well as for the order contemplated by a completer State Socialism a thorough libertarianism.

1910 Current Lit. Feb. 183/1 The everlasting war between authoritarianism and libertarianism, between orthodoxy and heresy.

1952 Jrnl. Politics 14 664 What the Ministry was unable and unwilling to do..to curb the libertarianism of the parliamentary form of government, the Fascist action squads commenced to accomplish by violent and illegal means.

1978 Times 22 June 18/6 Oxford University has relaxed its sombre vestimentary statutes... It is not, however, a headlong dash into the wilder libertarianism of the twentieth century.

1998 P. D. Morgan Slave Counterpoint 665 A postwar liberalization of manumission, which led masters—driven by Revolutionary libertarianism, evangelical egalitarianism, and economic necessity—to free slaves in large numbers.

b. Politics (originally U.S.). A political philosophy advocating protection or expansion of individual rights, especially those connected with the operation of a free market, and minimization of the role of the state.This philosophy is generally associated with the political right.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > politics > political philosophy > specific political theories or doctrines > [noun] > other political theories or doctrines

white supremacy1824

gradualism1835

reformism1838

restrictionism1840

mutualism1842

new politics1844

perpetualism1849

economism1850

progressivism1855

possibilism1883

radicalism1899

maximalism1909

radical feminism1912

Eurasianism1922

communalism1923

los von Rom1923

voluntarism1924

exceptionalism1929

third way1935

cultural Marxism1938

quislingism1940

identitarianism1943

libertarianism1948

one-worldism1948

renewalism1965

ecologism1969

Third Worldism1970

ecofeminism1980

communitarian1984

1948 Hartford (Connecticut) Courant 5 Feb. 8/4 Libertarianism... [The economist H. C. Simons] opposes any great concentration of power, in the Federal Government or elsewhere.

1961 Economist 30 Dec. (Amer. Survey) 1291/2 The most sophisticated variety of student conservative considers himself to be guided by a consistent philosophy of ‘libertarianism’ which in practice would end all but the most elementary government activities.

1972 N.Y. Times 6 Feb. i. 47/6 Asked at a news conference if the approach of the Libertarians was not close to anarchy, Mr. Nolan replied, ‘Anarchy is simply Libertarianism carried to an unworkable extreme.’

1995 Interzone Apr. 7/1 The philosophy of libertarianism is particularly attractive to middle-class professionals,..not because it is designed to save them tax money (though that is surely an inducement), but because of its logical clarity.

2008 M. Silk One Nation, Divisible viii. 178 These regional paladins of right-wing Republicanism combined traditional, western libertarianism with ‘moral values’ conservatism.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	libertarianism
释义	libertarianismn. Brit. /ˌlɪbəˈtɛːrɪənɪz(ə)m/, U.S. /ˌlɪbərˈtɛriəˌnɪz(ə)m/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: libertarian n., -ism suffix. Etymology: < libertarian n. + -ism suffix. 1. Philosophy. The doctrine or belief that human beings possess free will. Cf. determinism n. 1. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > philosophy of will > [noun] > libertarianism and its adherents libertarian1789 libertarianism1830 1830 W. Taylor Hist. Surv. German Poetry III. 10 (note) The general drift of his [sc. Kant's] system..is not libertarianism. 1886 H. Sidgwick in Mind 11 144 [This] is to make him [sc. Plato] talk modern Libertarianism in a quite unwarrantable way. 1913 H. W. Wright Self-realization ii. v. 162 If we understand that the true meaning of freedom is self-determination we are able to perceive how far both Libertarianism and Determinism are right. 1952 Philos. Q. 2 13 It has been thought that libertarianism means that acts, or some acts, are uncaused. 2002 R. Double in R. Kane Oxf. Handbk. Free Will (2005) xxiii. 521 The problem I see for any variety of libertarianism is that it loosens the connection between persons and their choices. 2. a. Esp. in political contexts: advocacy of, support for, or exercise of liberty. ΚΠ 1897 Liberty May 4/2 Individual Anarchism proposing to substitute for the existing order as well as for the order contemplated by a completer State Socialism a thorough libertarianism. 1910 Current Lit. Feb. 183/1 The everlasting war between authoritarianism and libertarianism, between orthodoxy and heresy. 1952 Jrnl. Politics 14 664 What the Ministry was unable and unwilling to do..to curb the libertarianism of the parliamentary form of government, the Fascist action squads commenced to accomplish by violent and illegal means. 1978 Times 22 June 18/6 Oxford University has relaxed its sombre vestimentary statutes... It is not, however, a headlong dash into the wilder libertarianism of the twentieth century. 1998 P. D. Morgan Slave Counterpoint 665 A postwar liberalization of manumission, which led masters—driven by Revolutionary libertarianism, evangelical egalitarianism, and economic necessity—to free slaves in large numbers. b. Politics (originally U.S.). A political philosophy advocating protection or expansion of individual rights, especially those connected with the operation of a free market, and minimization of the role of the state.This philosophy is generally associated with the political right. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > politics > political philosophy > specific political theories or doctrines > [noun] > other political theories or doctrines white supremacy1824 gradualism1835 reformism1838 restrictionism1840 mutualism1842 new politics1844 perpetualism1849 economism1850 progressivism1855 possibilism1883 radicalism1899 maximalism1909 radical feminism1912 Eurasianism1922 communalism1923 los von Rom1923 voluntarism1924 exceptionalism1929 third way1935 cultural Marxism1938 quislingism1940 identitarianism1943 libertarianism1948 one-worldism1948 renewalism1965 ecologism1969 Third Worldism1970 ecofeminism1980 communitarian1984 1948 Hartford (Connecticut) Courant 5 Feb. 8/4 Libertarianism... [The economist H. C. Simons] opposes any great concentration of power, in the Federal Government or elsewhere. 1961 Economist 30 Dec. (Amer. Survey) 1291/2 The most sophisticated variety of student conservative considers himself to be guided by a consistent philosophy of ‘libertarianism’ which in practice would end all but the most elementary government activities. 1972 N.Y. Times 6 Feb. i. 47/6 Asked at a news conference if the approach of the Libertarians was not close to anarchy, Mr. Nolan replied, ‘Anarchy is simply Libertarianism carried to an unworkable extreme.’ 1995 Interzone Apr. 7/1 The philosophy of libertarianism is particularly attractive to middle-class professionals,..not because it is designed to save them tax money (though that is surely an inducement), but because of its logical clarity. 2008 M. Silk One Nation, Divisible viii. 178 These regional paladins of right-wing Republicanism combined traditional, western libertarianism with ‘moral values’ conservatism. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1830
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