liberalizev.

Brit.

/ˈlɪb(ə)rəlʌɪz/,

/ˈlɪb(ə)rl̩ʌɪz/, U.S.

/ˈlɪb(ə)rəˌlaɪz/

Forms: 1700s– liberalise, 1700s– liberalize.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: liberal adj., -ize suffix.

Etymology: < liberal adj. + -ize suffix. Compare French libéraliser to make more liberal (1785; 16th cent. in Middle French in isolated use in sense ‘to give generously’), to become free (1791), to convert (someone) to liberalism, (reflexive) to become a liberal (1828).

a. transitive. To make more liberal or liberal-minded; to free from narrowness or strictness; to relax. Also with away.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > lack of subjection > freedom or liberty > liberation > set free [verb (transitive)] > free from restraint > free from intellectual or moral restraint

unlacea1555

emancipate1646

liberalize1765

1765 London Mag. Apr. 185/1 We learn..to enlarge and liberalize our religious sentiments.

1790 E. Burke Refl. Revol. in France 148 We liberalize the church by an intercourse with the leading characters of the country.

1796 J. Morse Amer. Universal Geogr. (new ed.) I. 341 If they do not break the proper bound, and liberalize away all true religion.

1830 T. De Quincey Life R. Bentley in Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Oct. 644/2 Classical education..liberalizes the mind.

1878 N. Amer. Rev. 126 521 The readiness with which he enlarged his needs and liberalized his habits to the standard he found here.

1898 J. E. C. Bodley France II. iv. i. 325 The Empire, for which, when liberalised, he predicted a glorious and popular career.

1907 Westm. Gaz. 30 Jan. 8/2 The Premier [of Australia] has..liberalised the immigration regulations.

1980 R. McHenry Liberty's Women 173/2 In later years Mrs. Hale liberalized her outlook so far as to approve women doctors.

2004 Times Lit. Suppl. 26 Nov. 9/1 The United States was leading the world in liberalizing many aspects of criminal justice policy.

b. intransitive. To uphold or espouse liberal principles; to become more liberal.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > lack of subjection > freedom or liberty > liberation > set free [verb (intransitive)] > become free > in one's ideas or principles

liberalize1822

1822 Examiner 3 Nov. 700/2 If appearances may be trusted, the Courier is liberalizing.

1823 I. D'Israeli Curiosities of Lit. 2nd Ser. II. 387 In the memoirs of James the Second..the catholic reasons and liberalises like a modern philosopher.

1848 Tait's Edinb. Mag. 15 828 Russia must liberalize, or be convulsed.

1916 Harvard Theol. Rev. 9 226 He liberalized, as good men do, with years and experience.

1979 R. Graham Iran (rev. ed.) xii. 211 While it is true that..the Shah had appreciated the failure of his existing policies, it is probably also true that he anticipated greater American pressure to liberalise.

1996 Richmond (Va.) Times-Dispatch (Nexis) 19 Nov. As the Democratic Party has liberalized, so the Republican Party has conservatized.

2. transitive. Economics. To remove or loosen restrictions on (the import of goods, outflow of capital, etc.).

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > importing and exporting > import or export [verb (transitive)] > relax restrictions

liberalize1823

1823 Parl. Deb. 2nd Ser. 8 646 The country was greatly indebted to the right hon. gentleman for his efforts to liberalize the system of trade.

1897 Canad. Mag. Oct. 504/2 Holding ourselves in readiness to respond to any disposition manifested by that country to modify and liberalize the trade relations existing between us.

1908 Times 24 Nov. 5/2 If Washington fails to liberalize its tariff Ottawa is unlikely to consider specific proposals for the easier transfer of the natural wealth of Canada across the border.

1940 Economist 5 Oct. 431/2 All the joint-stock banks decided..to liberalise their policy of agricultural loans.

1973 R. M. Pfeffer Understanding Business Contracts in China iv. 61 The 1964 reforms which liberalized the economy.

2006 Foreign Affairs Sept. 139/2 Developing countries should liberalize trade indiscriminately and integrate fully with the world economy.

3. transitive. Also with capital initial. To make liberal (liberal adj. 5) in politics; to imbue with the principles of the Liberal Party. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > politics > party politics > groups or attitudes right to left > [verb (transitive)] > make liberal

liberalize1825

1825 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. June 735/2 Ye on our institutions throw No fire-brands, that the frightful glow May duly liberalise them.

1853 G. C. Lewis Let. 26 Mar. (1870) 262 He is Liberalizing them, instead of their Torifying him.

1884 Manch. Examiner 2 Dec. 5/1 The small boroughs will go to liberalise the counties.

1927 Times 1 Feb. 9/3 They were largely Liberalizing the Labour Party, and that was a very serious objection to them.

†4. transitive. To make more generous. Obsolete.Apparently an isolated use.

ΚΠ

1877 ‘R. Boldrewood’ Colonial Reformer xxiii, in Austral. Town & Country Jrnl. (Sydney) 24 Feb. 302/1 Liberalise the idea of Messrs. Crampton and Oldstile.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	liberalize
释义	liberalizev. Brit. /ˈlɪb(ə)rəlʌɪz/, /ˈlɪb(ə)rl̩ʌɪz/, U.S. /ˈlɪb(ə)rəˌlaɪz/ Forms: 1700s– liberalise, 1700s– liberalize. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: liberal adj., -ize suffix. Etymology: < liberal adj. + -ize suffix. Compare French libéraliser to make more liberal (1785; 16th cent. in Middle French in isolated use in sense ‘to give generously’), to become free (1791), to convert (someone) to liberalism, (reflexive) to become a liberal (1828). 1. a. transitive. To make more liberal or liberal-minded; to free from narrowness or strictness; to relax. Also with away. ΘΚΠ society > authority > lack of subjection > freedom or liberty > liberation > set free [verb (transitive)] > free from restraint > free from intellectual or moral restraint unlacea1555 emancipate1646 liberalize1765 1765 London Mag. Apr. 185/1 We learn..to enlarge and liberalize our religious sentiments. 1790 E. Burke Refl. Revol. in France 148 We liberalize the church by an intercourse with the leading characters of the country. View more context for this quotation 1796 J. Morse Amer. Universal Geogr. (new ed.) I. 341 If they do not break the proper bound, and liberalize away all true religion. 1830 T. De Quincey Life R. Bentley in Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Oct. 644/2 Classical education..liberalizes the mind. 1878 N. Amer. Rev. 126 521 The readiness with which he enlarged his needs and liberalized his habits to the standard he found here. 1898 J. E. C. Bodley France II. iv. i. 325 The Empire, for which, when liberalised, he predicted a glorious and popular career. 1907 Westm. Gaz. 30 Jan. 8/2 The Premier [of Australia] has..liberalised the immigration regulations. 1980 R. McHenry Liberty's Women 173/2 In later years Mrs. Hale liberalized her outlook so far as to approve women doctors. 2004 Times Lit. Suppl. 26 Nov. 9/1 The United States was leading the world in liberalizing many aspects of criminal justice policy. b. intransitive. To uphold or espouse liberal principles; to become more liberal. ΘΚΠ society > authority > lack of subjection > freedom or liberty > liberation > set free [verb (intransitive)] > become free > in one's ideas or principles liberalize1822 1822 Examiner 3 Nov. 700/2 If appearances may be trusted, the Courier is liberalizing. 1823 I. D'Israeli Curiosities of Lit. 2nd Ser. II. 387 In the memoirs of James the Second..the catholic reasons and liberalises like a modern philosopher. 1848 Tait's Edinb. Mag. 15 828 Russia must liberalize, or be convulsed. 1916 Harvard Theol. Rev. 9 226 He liberalized, as good men do, with years and experience. 1979 R. Graham Iran (rev. ed.) xii. 211 While it is true that..the Shah had appreciated the failure of his existing policies, it is probably also true that he anticipated greater American pressure to liberalise. 1996 Richmond (Va.) Times-Dispatch (Nexis) 19 Nov. As the Democratic Party has liberalized, so the Republican Party has conservatized. 2. transitive. Economics. To remove or loosen restrictions on (the import of goods, outflow of capital, etc.). ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > importing and exporting > import or export [verb (transitive)] > relax restrictions liberalize1823 1823 Parl. Deb. 2nd Ser. 8 646 The country was greatly indebted to the right hon. gentleman for his efforts to liberalize the system of trade. 1897 Canad. Mag. Oct. 504/2 Holding ourselves in readiness to respond to any disposition manifested by that country to modify and liberalize the trade relations existing between us. 1908 Times 24 Nov. 5/2 If Washington fails to liberalize its tariff Ottawa is unlikely to consider specific proposals for the easier transfer of the natural wealth of Canada across the border. 1940 Economist 5 Oct. 431/2 All the joint-stock banks decided..to liberalise their policy of agricultural loans. 1973 R. M. Pfeffer Understanding Business Contracts in China iv. 61 The 1964 reforms which liberalized the economy. 2006 Foreign Affairs Sept. 139/2 Developing countries should liberalize trade indiscriminately and integrate fully with the world economy. 3. transitive. Also with capital initial. To make liberal (liberal adj. 5) in politics; to imbue with the principles of the Liberal Party. Now rare. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > politics > party politics > groups or attitudes right to left > [verb (transitive)] > make liberal liberalize1825 1825 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. June 735/2 Ye on our institutions throw No fire-brands, that the frightful glow May duly liberalise them. 1853 G. C. Lewis Let. 26 Mar. (1870) 262 He is Liberalizing them, instead of their Torifying him. 1884 Manch. Examiner 2 Dec. 5/1 The small boroughs will go to liberalise the counties. 1927 Times 1 Feb. 9/3 They were largely Liberalizing the Labour Party, and that was a very serious objection to them. †4. transitive. To make more generous. Obsolete.Apparently an isolated use. ΚΠ 1877 ‘R. Boldrewood’ Colonial Reformer xxiii, in Austral. Town & Country Jrnl. (Sydney) 24 Feb. 302/1 Liberalise the idea of Messrs. Crampton and Oldstile. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < v.1765
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