liberalizationn.

Brit.

/ˌlɪb(ə)rəlʌɪˈzeɪʃn/,

/ˌlɪb(ə)rl̩ʌɪˈzeɪʃn/, U.S.

/ˌlɪb(ə)rələˈzeɪʃ(ə)n/,

/ˌlɪb(ə)rəˌlaɪˈzeɪʃ(ə)n/

Forms: 1700s– liberalization, 1800s– liberalisation.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: liberalize v., -ation suffix.

Etymology: < liberalize v. + -ation suffix.

1. The action or process of liberalizing; the fact of being liberalized or becoming liberal; an instance of this.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > lack of subjection > freedom or liberty > liberation > [noun] > from restraint > intellectual or moral

emancipationa1631

liberalization1794

1794 J. Stewart Good Sense 82 The Revolution of Reason.., if read at the University, would tend only to polemic disquisition, and effect only the liberalization of the mind.

1835 T. De Quincey in Tait's Edinb. Mag. 2 372 Students seeking only the liberalization and not the profits of academic life.

1862 R. H. Patterson Ess. Hist. & Art 144 The extensive reforms and liberalisation of the government recently undertaken by the Ottoman rulers.

1919 Times 18 Dec. 11/6 I am particularly gratified at the further liberalization of the executive and legislative machinery of the Government of India.

1968 N.Y. Mag. 25 Nov. 54/2 Long on exposition..but sincere and intelligent in its concern with liberalization of the Church.

1989 M. Moffatt Coming of Age in New Jersey vii. 271 The educational liberalizations of the 1960s.

2004 Foreign Affairs Mar. 137 The liberalization of repressive societies.

2. Economics. The removal or reduction of restrictions placed upon (a particular sphere of) economic activity; an instance of this.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > importing and exporting > [noun] > relaxing of restrictions

liberalization1824

1824 H. U. Addington Let. 30 May in Papers relative to Tariffs (1828) v. 5 The recent measures adopted by her [sc. Great Britain] for the liberalization of her external commercial system.

1870 App. Congress. Globe 159/2 The policy of all other countries has been a liberalization of their tariffs and freedom from monopolies therein.

1940 Economist 5 Oct. 431/2 The liberalisation of bank loans to farmers still left unresolved the problem of the bad..credit proposition.

1961 Ann. Reg. 1960 496 During the year the liberalization of imports, especially from the dollar area, continued.

1992 W. McGowan Only Man is Vile (1993) v. 92 Colombo was awash in new money swept in by the economic liberalizations of President Jayawardene's open economy.

2001 Financial Times 27 Jan. 2/8 Rivals to BT in the UK have criticised Oftel in recent months for allowing the process of liberalisation to slip.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	liberalization
释义	liberalizationn. Brit. /ˌlɪb(ə)rəlʌɪˈzeɪʃn/, /ˌlɪb(ə)rl̩ʌɪˈzeɪʃn/, U.S. /ˌlɪb(ə)rələˈzeɪʃ(ə)n/, /ˌlɪb(ə)rəˌlaɪˈzeɪʃ(ə)n/ Forms: 1700s– liberalization, 1800s– liberalisation. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: liberalize v., -ation suffix. Etymology: < liberalize v. + -ation suffix. 1. The action or process of liberalizing; the fact of being liberalized or becoming liberal; an instance of this. ΘΚΠ society > authority > lack of subjection > freedom or liberty > liberation > [noun] > from restraint > intellectual or moral emancipationa1631 liberalization1794 1794 J. Stewart Good Sense 82 The Revolution of Reason.., if read at the University, would tend only to polemic disquisition, and effect only the liberalization of the mind. 1835 T. De Quincey in Tait's Edinb. Mag. 2 372 Students seeking only the liberalization and not the profits of academic life. 1862 R. H. Patterson Ess. Hist. & Art 144 The extensive reforms and liberalisation of the government recently undertaken by the Ottoman rulers. 1919 Times 18 Dec. 11/6 I am particularly gratified at the further liberalization of the executive and legislative machinery of the Government of India. 1968 N.Y. Mag. 25 Nov. 54/2 Long on exposition..but sincere and intelligent in its concern with liberalization of the Church. 1989 M. Moffatt Coming of Age in New Jersey vii. 271 The educational liberalizations of the 1960s. 2004 Foreign Affairs Mar. 137 The liberalization of repressive societies. 2. Economics. The removal or reduction of restrictions placed upon (a particular sphere of) economic activity; an instance of this. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > importing and exporting > [noun] > relaxing of restrictions liberalization1824 1824 H. U. Addington Let. 30 May in Papers relative to Tariffs (1828) v. 5 The recent measures adopted by her [sc. Great Britain] for the liberalization of her external commercial system. 1870 App. Congress. Globe 159/2 The policy of all other countries has been a liberalization of their tariffs and freedom from monopolies therein. 1940 Economist 5 Oct. 431/2 The liberalisation of bank loans to farmers still left unresolved the problem of the bad..credit proposition. 1961 Ann. Reg. 1960 496 During the year the liberalization of imports, especially from the dollar area, continued. 1992 W. McGowan Only Man is Vile (1993) v. 92 Colombo was awash in new money swept in by the economic liberalizations of President Jayawardene's open economy. 2001 Financial Times 27 Jan. 2/8 Rivals to BT in the UK have criticised Oftel in recent months for allowing the process of liberalisation to slip. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1794
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