lawfuladj.

Brit.

/ˈlɔːf(ᵿ)l/, U.S.

/ˈlɔfəl/,

/ˈlɑfəl/

Forms: Middle English laghful, Middle English–1500s Scottish lachful, (Middle English laffull), Middle English–1500s Scottish lauch(t)ful(l, 1500s laufull, law(e)foll, 1500s–1700s lawfull, 1500s– lawful.

Etymology: < law n.¹ + -ful suffix. Compare Old Norse lǫgfullr.

a. According or not contrary to law, permitted by law. Frequent in predicative use.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > rule of law > [adjective] > in accordance with the law

lawlya1250

leefulc1275

leal1352

lawfula1398

leesome?a1400

lisiblea1420

legitimec1450

legitimatea1460

coursable1478

licit1483

legal1671

above boarda1695

enabled1729

legit1907

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xvii. xlviii. 941 Som trowed þat þis tree..hadde þerfore worschipe in triumphes and victory; and it was nought laweful vse noþer in vnhoneste [emended in ed. to it was nought laweful to defoule þe laury tree in vnlawful vse noþer in vnhoneste].

c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 289/2 Lawfulle, legitimus.

1526 Bible (Tyndale) John v. f. cxxv^v It is the saboth daye, it is nott laufull for the to cary thy beed.

1535 Bible (Coverdale) Ezek. xxxiii. 16 In so moch as he doth now the thinge that is lawfull and right, he shall lyue.

1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. ccl It is lawfull for all men, to saue them selues from violence.

1590 H. Swinburne Briefe Treat. Test. & Willes i. f. 11 By this word lawfull is excluded..whatsoeuer is contrary to iustice, pietie, or equity.

1665 T. Manley tr. H. Grotius De Rebus Belgicis 739 Upon debate of the matter in the great Council of the Kingdome, and in a lawful manner.

1718 Lady M. W. Montagu Let. 10 Apr. (1965) I. 398 He..inquir'd..whether it was Lawfull to permit it.

1796 H. Hunter tr. J.-H. B. de Saint-Pierre Stud. Nature (1799) III. 642 I shall not examine whether that possession be lawful.

1817 W. Selwyn Abridgem. Law Nisi Prius (ed. 4) II. 922 It shall be lawful for the jury..to find a verdict for the plaintiff.

1835 I. Taylor Spiritual Despotism vi. 249 Constantine's establishment of Christianity..declaring it to be a..Lawful Religion.

1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. v. 567 A lawful military operation.

†b. Permissible; allowable, justifiable. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > lack of subjection > permission > [adjective] > that can be permitted

sufferablea1395

admittable?1406

allowable1445

permissiblea1475

congeable1528

tolerable1531

lowable1538

grantable1548

permittable?1575

venial1597

lawful1600

admissible1611

1600 W. Shakespeare Henry V iv. viii. 117 Is it lawful, and it please your Maiestie, To tell how many is kild?

1717 tr. A. F. Frézier Voy. South-Sea 69 It seems lawful to believe, that, among the Children of our common Parent, God has formed three Sorts of Colours in the Flesh of Men.

†c. Of a disease: ? Normal. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1583 P. Barrough Methode of Phisicke v. xxi. 247 Foure perticular orders to be kept in curing a lawfull œdema.

a. Appointed, sanctioned, or recognized by law; legally qualified or entitled. Now chiefly in certain traditional collocations, as lawful heir, lawful king, lawful money, lawful parliament, lawful sovereign, lawful succession, lawful title; also, lawful captive, lawful prey, lawful prize, (to be) lawful game.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > legal right > [adjective]

righteOE

kindc1300

rightfulc1330

truec1384

righteous1391

lawfula1400

just?1435

legitimec1450

legitimatea1460

verya1466

justc1540

reable1581

sib1701

competent1765

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 26903 Noght allan for his ald plight..Or for þas oþer the quilk he bette Bot noght wit penance laghful sett.

1439 in F. J. Furnivall Fifty Earliest Eng. Wills (1882) 122 xx markes of laufull money.

c1450 Jacob's Well (1900) 98 Forȝeue þi lawefull accyoun, & seke ferst loue.

1456 Extracts Rec. in W. Chambers Charters Burgh Peebles (1872) 111 Geyf thar was ony lachful ar to that land.

1526 Galway Arch. in 10th Rep. Royal Comm. Hist. MSS (1885) App. v. 402 No carpenter nor masson shall have no workeman but that which shallbe laufull workeman in that sience [sic].

1535 W. Stewart tr. H. Boethius Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) III. 393 His eldest sone..to his place suld succeid As lauchtfull air.

1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. xx^v Lawfull succession.

1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. ccxliij Yf they haue any lawful impediment.

1562 N. Winȝet Certain Tractates (1888) I. 2 Thre Questionis, tweching the lauchful vocatioun of Iohne Knox.

1571 in J. Cranstoun Satirical Poems Reformation (1891) I. xxvi. 118 He being Crownit in lauchfull Parliament.

1581 in J. Cranstoun Satirical Poems Reformation (1891) I. xliv. 101 That lauchfull pastors of the Kirk sould be depryuit.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Othello (1622) i. ii. 51 If it proue lawfull prize, hee's made for euer.

a1616 W. Shakespeare King John (1623) ii. i. 95 Thou hast vnder-wrought his lawfull King.

1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan ii. xxviii. 165 A Banished man, is a lawfull enemy of the Common-wealth.

1763 Rec. Colony Rhode Island (1861) VI. 359 All mortgages, bonds, [etc.]..wherein the payment of money is..promised, shall be taken and understood to mean lawful money.

1766 J. Fordyce Serm. Young Women I. iii. 108 They will consider her as lawful game.

1768 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. III. 69 Prize vessels..condemned in any courts of admiralty or vice-admiralty as lawful prize.

1806 W. Cruise Digest Laws Eng. Real Prop. VI. 257 So that my executrix shall pay in good time all lawful debts.

1817 W. Selwyn Abridgem. Law Nisi Prius (ed. 4) II. 854 Having no lawful impediment.

1871 E. A. Freeman Hist. Norman Conquest (1876) IV. xvii. 54 Himself in his own reading of the law, a lawful King.

†b. elliptical. = lawful money, weight. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > money > medium of exchange or currency > [noun] > coins and notes > kind of money > current or legal

lawful1533

going1591

pass-gilt1657

real money1675

legal tender?1730

legal tender1740

1533 in E. Hobhouse Church-wardens' Accts. (1890) 40 For to delyver the sayd x scheppe so good as they ware or ells xiijs. iiijd. in good and lawfoll.

1778 A. Adams in J. Adams & A. Adams Familiar Lett. (1876) 343 It takes..fifty pounds lawful for a hundred of sugar, and fifty dollars for a hundred of flour.

c. Of a marriage: Such as the law permits; and regards as valid. Of offspring: Born in lawful wedlock, legitimate.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > a marriage > [adjective] > lawful or valid

ratec1460

lawfulc1480

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinsman or relation > child > relationship to parent > [adjective] > legitimate

full-bornlOE

born in (or under or out of) wedlockc1275

kindlya1300

mulierc1400

legitimatea1464

mulieryc1475

lawfulc1480

naturala1500

mulierly1506

lawfully1512

native1567

loyal1608

lineala1616

full-begotten1636

(on) the right side of the blanket1842

c1480 (a1400) St. Margaret 163 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) II. 51 I wes borne þis towne within, In lauchful bed of folk mychtty.

1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid iii. v. 23 Helenus, The lachfull sone of the king Priamus.

1548 Hall's Vnion: Richard III f. xlix Makyng much suite to haue her ioyned with him in lawfull matrimony.

1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. xxxv^v The same..ought nowe to be euery where receiued for lawfull wiues.

1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. ccccxxiiij Moste men doubted of the lawful birth of his syster.

a1616 W. Shakespeare As you like It (1623) iii. iii. 64 Truly she must be giuen, or the marriage is not lawfull .

a1616 W. Shakespeare Antony & Cleopatra (1623) iii. xiii. 107 Haue I..Forborne the getting of a lawfull Race.

a1657 W. Mure Hist. Rowallane in Wks. (1898) II. 249 The great Stewart..invited home againe Elizabeth Mure to his Lawfull bed.

a1699 A. Halkett Autobiogr. (1875) 1 Constant to the only lawfull embraces of the Queen.

1827 T. Jarman Powell's Ess. Learning of Devises (ed. 3) II. 247 In case M. B. should die..without leaving lawful issue of her body.

1885 Law Rep.: Chancery Div. 29 270 Had been the lawful wife of the testator, and Adelinda his legitimate daughter by her.

d. lawful age, lawful years: the age at which a person attains his legal majority; also, the age at which a person becomes legally competent to perform some act or to hold some office. lawful day: one in which it is lawful to transact business, or some particular kind of business.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > person > adult > [noun] > adulthood or maturity > legal maturity

agec1275

elda1300

age of discretion1395

years of discretiona1402

discretionc1485

lawful years1548

age of consent1809

the age of reason1884

1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry V f. lxxx^v Til my sonne come to his lawful age.

1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. ccccxxiiij He him selfe was of lawefull yeres.

1708 Royal Proclam. 11 July in London Gaz. No. 4456/1 Upon the Tenth Day of October next to come,..if the same be a Lawful Day.

†3. Observant of law or duty; law-abiding, faithful, loyal. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > rule of law > [adjective] > law-abiding

lawfulc1430

legitime1677

legal1756

law-abiding1839

crimeless1887

straight1977

society > morality > duty or obligation > recognition of duty > [adjective]

lawfulc1430

dutiful1552

duteous1594

pious1614

c1430 Hymns Virg. 113 Ech man þat..loueþ a lawful lijf to lede.

c1480 (a1400) St. Paul 218 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) I. 35 For I am cristis lauchtful knycht.

1483 W. Caxton tr. Caton G iv b It is the souerayn gyfte of god for to haue a good and lawful wyf.

1572 (a1500) Taill of Rauf Coilȝear (1882) 510 Bot as ane lauch-full man, my laidis to leid.

1575 J. Rolland Treat. Court Venus i. f. 11^v Lufe is tressonable: Nocht lauchfull, bot scho is lamentable.

1642 J. March Argument Militia 4 Every lawfull Subject is taken to be within the protection of the King.

1890 M. C. Fraser Let. Nov. in Diplomatist's Wife Japan (1899) II. xxviii. 143 The Japanese are a profoundly lawful people (if I may use the word in its old sense).

†4. Pertaining to or concerned with law. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > [adjective]

lawfula1387

legalc1484

juridic1553

a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1865) I. 35 Lawefulman in þe peple [L. politici in populo].

1631 J. Weever Anc. Funerall Monuments 722 In matters lawfull to depend vpon the pleasure and direction of the Archbishop.

†5.

a. quasi-n. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1502 tr. Ordynarye of Crysten Men (de Worde) ii. vi. sig. k.iii In kepynge fayth, trouth, & lawfull for the loue of god pryncypally.

b. quasi-adv. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1656 H. Phillippes Purchasers Pattern (1676) 2 That th' Seller be so old, That he may lawfull sell, thou lawful hold.

c. as an exclamation. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1787 F. Grose Provinc. Gloss. Lawful, Oh lawful case, an interjection, Derb.

1896 W. W. Skeat & T. Hallam Pegge's Two Coll. Derbicisms s.v. Ah lawful, and ah lawful case! exclamations.

6. Describable or governed by laws of nature.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > physics > [adjective] > in accordance with laws of nature

lawful1939

1939 Nature 14 Jan. 64/1 Newton and others have found confirmation even for their religious beliefs in the lawful character of physical phenomena.

1958 J. M. Argyle Relig. Behaviour i. 2 It is commonly assumed that human behaviour is lawful and that it can be predicted by means of psychological laws and explained in terms of psychological processes.

1959 M. Bunge Causality i. 22 The principle of universal lawfulness..may be taken to read thus: Every single event is lawful, i.e., is determined in accordance with a set of objective laws—whether we know the laws or not.

1975 Nature 3 Apr. 416/2 The results show that the tendency..can be brought under lawful control in such a way as to discriminate against the above hypotheses.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1902; most recently modified version published online March 2021).

单词	lawful
释义	lawfuladj. Brit. /ˈlɔːf(ᵿ)l/, U.S. /ˈlɔfəl/, /ˈlɑfəl/ Forms: Middle English laghful, Middle English–1500s Scottish lachful, (Middle English laffull), Middle English–1500s Scottish lauch(t)ful(l, 1500s laufull, law(e)foll, 1500s–1700s lawfull, 1500s– lawful. Etymology: < law n.¹ + -ful suffix. Compare Old Norse lǫgfullr. 1. a. According or not contrary to law, permitted by law. Frequent in predicative use. ΘΚΠ society > law > rule of law > [adjective] > in accordance with the law lawlya1250 leefulc1275 leal1352 lawfula1398 leesome?a1400 lisiblea1420 legitimec1450 legitimatea1460 coursable1478 licit1483 legal1671 above boarda1695 enabled1729 legit1907 a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xvii. xlviii. 941 Som trowed þat þis tree..hadde þerfore worschipe in triumphes and victory; and it was nought laweful vse noþer in vnhoneste [emended in ed. to it was nought laweful to defoule þe laury tree in vnlawful vse noþer in vnhoneste]. c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 289/2 Lawfulle, legitimus. 1526 Bible (Tyndale) John v. f. cxxv^v It is the saboth daye, it is nott laufull for the to cary thy beed. 1535 Bible (Coverdale) Ezek. xxxiii. 16 In so moch as he doth now the thinge that is lawfull and right, he shall lyue. 1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. ccl It is lawfull for all men, to saue them selues from violence. 1590 H. Swinburne Briefe Treat. Test. & Willes i. f. 11 By this word lawfull is excluded..whatsoeuer is contrary to iustice, pietie, or equity. 1665 T. Manley tr. H. Grotius De Rebus Belgicis 739 Upon debate of the matter in the great Council of the Kingdome, and in a lawful manner. 1718 Lady M. W. Montagu Let. 10 Apr. (1965) I. 398 He..inquir'd..whether it was Lawfull to permit it. 1796 H. Hunter tr. J.-H. B. de Saint-Pierre Stud. Nature (1799) III. 642 I shall not examine whether that possession be lawful. 1817 W. Selwyn Abridgem. Law Nisi Prius (ed. 4) II. 922 It shall be lawful for the jury..to find a verdict for the plaintiff. 1835 I. Taylor Spiritual Despotism vi. 249 Constantine's establishment of Christianity..declaring it to be a..Lawful Religion. 1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. v. 567 A lawful military operation. †b. Permissible; allowable, justifiable. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > authority > lack of subjection > permission > [adjective] > that can be permitted sufferablea1395 admittable?1406 allowable1445 permissiblea1475 congeable1528 tolerable1531 lowable1538 grantable1548 permittable?1575 venial1597 lawful1600 admissible1611 1600 W. Shakespeare Henry V iv. viii. 117 Is it lawful, and it please your Maiestie, To tell how many is kild? 1717 tr. A. F. Frézier Voy. South-Sea 69 It seems lawful to believe, that, among the Children of our common Parent, God has formed three Sorts of Colours in the Flesh of Men. †c. Of a disease: ? Normal. Obsolete. ΚΠ 1583 P. Barrough Methode of Phisicke v. xxi. 247 Foure perticular orders to be kept in curing a lawfull œdema. 2. a. Appointed, sanctioned, or recognized by law; legally qualified or entitled. Now chiefly in certain traditional collocations, as lawful heir, lawful king, lawful money, lawful parliament, lawful sovereign, lawful succession, lawful title; also, lawful captive, lawful prey, lawful prize, (to be) lawful game. ΘΚΠ society > law > legal right > [adjective] righteOE kindc1300 rightfulc1330 truec1384 righteous1391 lawfula1400 just?1435 legitimec1450 legitimatea1460 verya1466 justc1540 reable1581 sib1701 competent1765 a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 26903 Noght allan for his ald plight..Or for þas oþer the quilk he bette Bot noght wit penance laghful sett. 1439 in F. J. Furnivall Fifty Earliest Eng. Wills (1882) 122 xx markes of laufull money. c1450 Jacob's Well (1900) 98 Forȝeue þi lawefull accyoun, & seke ferst loue. 1456 Extracts Rec. in W. Chambers Charters Burgh Peebles (1872) 111 Geyf thar was ony lachful ar to that land. 1526 Galway Arch. in 10th Rep. Royal Comm. Hist. MSS (1885) App. v. 402 No carpenter nor masson shall have no workeman but that which shallbe laufull workeman in that sience [sic]. 1535 W. Stewart tr. H. Boethius Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) III. 393 His eldest sone..to his place suld succeid As lauchtfull air. 1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. xx^v Lawfull succession. 1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. ccxliij Yf they haue any lawful impediment. 1562 N. Winȝet Certain Tractates (1888) I. 2 Thre Questionis, tweching the lauchful vocatioun of Iohne Knox. 1571 in J. Cranstoun Satirical Poems Reformation (1891) I. xxvi. 118 He being Crownit in lauchfull Parliament. 1581 in J. Cranstoun Satirical Poems Reformation (1891) I. xliv. 101 That lauchfull pastors of the Kirk sould be depryuit. a1616 W. Shakespeare Othello (1622) i. ii. 51 If it proue lawfull prize, hee's made for euer. View more context for this quotation a1616 W. Shakespeare King John (1623) ii. i. 95 Thou hast vnder-wrought his lawfull King. View more context for this quotation 1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan ii. xxviii. 165 A Banished man, is a lawfull enemy of the Common-wealth. 1763 Rec. Colony Rhode Island (1861) VI. 359 All mortgages, bonds, [etc.]..wherein the payment of money is..promised, shall be taken and understood to mean lawful money. 1766 J. Fordyce Serm. Young Women I. iii. 108 They will consider her as lawful game. 1768 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. III. 69 Prize vessels..condemned in any courts of admiralty or vice-admiralty as lawful prize. 1806 W. Cruise Digest Laws Eng. Real Prop. VI. 257 So that my executrix shall pay in good time all lawful debts. 1817 W. Selwyn Abridgem. Law Nisi Prius (ed. 4) II. 854 Having no lawful impediment. 1871 E. A. Freeman Hist. Norman Conquest (1876) IV. xvii. 54 Himself in his own reading of the law, a lawful King. †b. elliptical. = lawful money, weight. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > money > medium of exchange or currency > [noun] > coins and notes > kind of money > current or legal lawful1533 going1591 pass-gilt1657 real money1675 legal tender?1730 legal tender1740 1533 in E. Hobhouse Church-wardens' Accts. (1890) 40 For to delyver the sayd x scheppe so good as they ware or ells xiijs. iiijd. in good and lawfoll. 1778 A. Adams in J. Adams & A. Adams Familiar Lett. (1876) 343 It takes..fifty pounds lawful for a hundred of sugar, and fifty dollars for a hundred of flour. c. Of a marriage: Such as the law permits; and regards as valid. Of offspring: Born in lawful wedlock, legitimate. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > a marriage > [adjective] > lawful or valid ratec1460 lawfulc1480 society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinsman or relation > child > relationship to parent > [adjective] > legitimate full-bornlOE born in (or under or out of) wedlockc1275 kindlya1300 mulierc1400 legitimatea1464 mulieryc1475 lawfulc1480 naturala1500 mulierly1506 lawfully1512 native1567 loyal1608 lineala1616 full-begotten1636 (on) the right side of the blanket1842 c1480 (a1400) St. Margaret 163 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) II. 51 I wes borne þis towne within, In lauchful bed of folk mychtty. 1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid iii. v. 23 Helenus, The lachfull sone of the king Priamus. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Richard III f. xlix Makyng much suite to haue her ioyned with him in lawfull matrimony. 1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. xxxv^v The same..ought nowe to be euery where receiued for lawfull wiues. 1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. ccccxxiiij Moste men doubted of the lawful birth of his syster. a1616 W. Shakespeare As you like It (1623) iii. iii. 64 Truly she must be giuen, or the marriage is not lawfull . View more context for this quotation a1616 W. Shakespeare Antony & Cleopatra (1623) iii. xiii. 107 Haue I..Forborne the getting of a lawfull Race. View more context for this quotation a1657 W. Mure Hist. Rowallane in Wks. (1898) II. 249 The great Stewart..invited home againe Elizabeth Mure to his Lawfull bed. a1699 A. Halkett Autobiogr. (1875) 1 Constant to the only lawfull embraces of the Queen. 1827 T. Jarman Powell's Ess. Learning of Devises (ed. 3) II. 247 In case M. B. should die..without leaving lawful issue of her body. 1885 Law Rep.: Chancery Div. 29 270 Had been the lawful wife of the testator, and Adelinda his legitimate daughter by her. d. lawful age, lawful years: the age at which a person attains his legal majority; also, the age at which a person becomes legally competent to perform some act or to hold some office. lawful day: one in which it is lawful to transact business, or some particular kind of business. ΘΚΠ the world > people > person > adult > [noun] > adulthood or maturity > legal maturity agec1275 elda1300 age of discretion1395 years of discretiona1402 discretionc1485 lawful years1548 age of consent1809 the age of reason1884 1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry V f. lxxx^v Til my sonne come to his lawful age. 1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. ccccxxiiij He him selfe was of lawefull yeres. 1708 Royal Proclam. 11 July in London Gaz. No. 4456/1 Upon the Tenth Day of October next to come,..if the same be a Lawful Day. †3. Observant of law or duty; law-abiding, faithful, loyal. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > law > rule of law > [adjective] > law-abiding lawfulc1430 legitime1677 legal1756 law-abiding1839 crimeless1887 straight1977 society > morality > duty or obligation > recognition of duty > [adjective] lawfulc1430 dutiful1552 duteous1594 pious1614 c1430 Hymns Virg. 113 Ech man þat..loueþ a lawful lijf to lede. c1480 (a1400) St. Paul 218 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) I. 35 For I am cristis lauchtful knycht. 1483 W. Caxton tr. Caton G iv b It is the souerayn gyfte of god for to haue a good and lawful wyf. 1572 (a1500) Taill of Rauf Coilȝear (1882) 510 Bot as ane lauch-full man, my laidis to leid. 1575 J. Rolland Treat. Court Venus i. f. 11^v Lufe is tressonable: Nocht lauchfull, bot scho is lamentable. 1642 J. March Argument Militia 4 Every lawfull Subject is taken to be within the protection of the King. 1890 M. C. Fraser Let. Nov. in Diplomatist's Wife Japan (1899) II. xxviii. 143 The Japanese are a profoundly lawful people (if I may use the word in its old sense). †4. Pertaining to or concerned with law. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > law > [adjective] lawfula1387 legalc1484 juridic1553 a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1865) I. 35 Lawefulman in þe peple [L. politici in populo]. 1631 J. Weever Anc. Funerall Monuments 722 In matters lawfull to depend vpon the pleasure and direction of the Archbishop. †5. a. quasi-n. Obsolete. ΚΠ 1502 tr. Ordynarye of Crysten Men (de Worde) ii. vi. sig. k.iii In kepynge fayth, trouth, & lawfull for the loue of god pryncypally. b. quasi-adv. Obsolete. ΚΠ 1656 H. Phillippes Purchasers Pattern (1676) 2 That th' Seller be so old, That he may lawfull sell, thou lawful hold. c. as an exclamation. Obsolete. ΚΠ 1787 F. Grose Provinc. Gloss. Lawful, Oh lawful case, an interjection, Derb. 1896 W. W. Skeat & T. Hallam Pegge's Two Coll. Derbicisms s.v. Ah lawful, and ah lawful case! exclamations. 6. Describable or governed by laws of nature. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > physics > [adjective] > in accordance with laws of nature lawful1939 1939 Nature 14 Jan. 64/1 Newton and others have found confirmation even for their religious beliefs in the lawful character of physical phenomena. 1958 J. M. Argyle Relig. Behaviour i. 2 It is commonly assumed that human behaviour is lawful and that it can be predicted by means of psychological laws and explained in terms of psychological processes. 1959 M. Bunge Causality i. 22 The principle of universal lawfulness..may be taken to read thus: Every single event is lawful, i.e., is determined in accordance with a set of objective laws—whether we know the laws or not. 1975 Nature 3 Apr. 416/2 The results show that the tendency..can be brought under lawful control in such a way as to discriminate against the above hypotheses. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1902; most recently modified version published online March 2021). < adj.a1387
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