单词 | avow |
释义 | avown.1 archaic. 1. A vow, a solemn promise made to a deity, etc. ΘΚΠ society > faith > worship > vow > [noun] behotec1000 vow1297 avow1330 the mind > language > speech > agreement > promise > [noun] > vow or oath hesta1200 vow1297 professionc1300 sermenta1325 avow1330 sacrament1430 votec1540 troth-plight1570 upon my Sam1939 advower- the mind > language > speech > agreement > promise > [noun] > vow or oath > religious avow1330 vowc1475 stability1516 1330 R. Mannyng Chron. 112 He brak his avowe, þat he to God had suorn. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 10203 For-þi to godd a-vou þai gaf. c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 19 A-vowe, votum. 1493 Petronylla (Pynson) 24 In hir auough made unto chastyte. 1493 Festyvall (1515) 79 Four cursyd knyghtes..made theyr avowe togider to sle Thomas. c1503 R. Arnold Chron. f. lv/1 The iij. parte of alle his synnes releced, and all aduowes [also 1525] and promyse releced. 1530 St. German's Secunde Dyaloge Doctour & Student xxii. f. lxiii There ys a promyse that ys called an aduowe. c1560 Hunting Cheviot in F. J. Child Eng. & Sc. Pop. Ballads (1889) III. vi. 307 The Perse owt off Northombarlonde, and avowe to God mayd he. 1655 J. Jennings tr. J.-P. Camus Elise 74 I could not address my avows to a more accomplished subject. 1828 W. Scott Fair Maid of Perth ii, in Chron. Canongate 2nd Ser. III. 45 I make mine avow, by the Red Rover's soul! that he shall eat his writ. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > agreement > promise > [noun] > vow or oath > a thing vowed avow1388 1388 Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) Acts xxiv. 17 To do almes dedis to my folc, and offryngis, and auowis. c1400 Mandeville's Trav. ix. 105 Ther thei ȝolden up here avowes. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1885; most recently modified version published online December 2021). † avown.2 Obsolete. rare. Avowal, sanction. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > agreement > consent > [noun] thankc888 consense?c1225 yating?c1225 assenta1330 consentc1380 condescentc1460 concurrency1596 condescendment1693 avow1697 consentingness1868 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis xii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 613 What without thy knowledge and avow, Nay more, thy Dictate, durst Juturna do? This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1885; most recently modified version published online June 2021). avowv.1 1. transitive. To own or acknowledge (a person) as one's own.In the first example it may mean literally ‘call to thyself.’ ΘΚΠ the mind > language > statement > acknowledgement, avowal, or confession > acknowledge, avow, or confess [verb (transitive)] > acknowledge (a person) as one's own avowc1220 avouch1579 c1220 Ureisun in Cott. Hom. 197 Auouh mine soule hwon ich of þisse liue uare. 1467 in S. Tymms Wills & Inventories Bury St. Edmunds (1850) 50 I will..that myn executors avowe hym in his suet. 1578 Lett. Patent in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations (1589) iii. 679 Not our subiects, nor by vs any way to be aduowed. 1579 T. North tr. Plutarch Liues 3 His Father knewe him, and auowed him for his sonne. 1619 Visct. Doncaster Let. in S. R. Gardiner Lett. Relations Eng. & Germany (1865) 1st Ser. 147 Giving me commission to say what I would..wherein he promised to avow me. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > easiness > aid, help, or assistance > support > patronage > act as patron to [verb (transitive)] > put under the patronage of to avow (oneself) on or upon1577 1577 R. Holinshed Chron. II. 1542/2 Certeine aduowyng themselues on you, haue assailed and taken by force the Citie of Rome. 1602 R. Carew Surv. Cornwall ii. f. 135 Our Foy gallants..auowing themselues vpon the Earle of Warwicke. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > approval or sanction > approve of, accept, or sanction [verb (transitive)] loveeOE underfoc1000 underfong?c1225 undertakea1250 provec1300 allowa1325 favour1340 approvec1380 seem?c1450 conprovec1503 avow1530 rectify1567 annuate1585 to be for1590 sancite1597 improve1603 applauda1616 acclamate1624 resenta1646 own1649 comprobate1660 sanction1797 likea1825 approbate1833 to hold with (arch. of, on, for)1895 agree1900 endorse1914 condone1962 the mind > language > speech > agreement > consent > consent to [verb (transitive)] thave835 baithea1350 consentc1386 accordc1400 agreea1413 sustainc1425 to fall to ——a1450 exalt1490 avow1530 to stand satisfactory to1576 teem1584 assent1637 to close with1654 fiat1831 to stand in1911 wear1925 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 418/1 I advowe or make good, Jaduoue..What so euer he promyse in my name I wyll advowe it. 1628 T. Spencer Art of Logick 3 We have the frequent vse of learned men to avow it. 1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan ii. xviii. 90 Be contented to avow all the actions he shall do. 4. a. transitive. To declare (as a thing one can vouch for); to affirm, maintain (a thing which others might deny). Const. simple object, subordinate clause, absol. Obsolete or archaic, but surviving in some uses of vow v.1 ΘΚΠ the mind > language > statement > assertion or affirmation > [verb (transitive)] vowc1330 anferme1340 affirma1382 willa1382 threapc1386 avow1393 to make oneself strongc1425 maintain?c1430 protest1440 traverse1491 assure1509 ferma1525 verc1540 profess1542 enforce1579 justify1579 aver1582 to take on1583 asserta1604 will1614 assevera1618 positive1656 autume1661 declare1709 obtesta1722 predicate1782 asseveratea1847 1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis III. 191 Tullius his tale avoweth And saith. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 7307 For-soth i sai, and sal a-wou, Ful sare yee sal repent yow. 1476 J. Paston in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) I. 495 [They] offryd to afferme and advowe my tytell for goode. 1533 T. More Debellacyon Salem & Bizance ii. xv. f. lxvi Ryghte wurshupfull folke, yt before me aduowed it in his face. 1596 T. Danett tr. P. de Commynes Hist. viii. xvi. 369 De Clerieux..aduowed his report to be true before them both. 1611 M. Smith in Bible (King James) Transl. Pref. 8 Wee affirme and auow that the very meanest translation of the Bible in English..containeth the word of God. 1759 R. Jackson Hist. Rev. Pennsylvania 149 Avowing Proprietary and Deputy-Government-Reasons for such his Refusal. 1805 W. Scott Lay of Last Minstrel i. xii. 16 As bards avow. ΚΠ 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 441/2 I avowe, I warrant or make good, or upholde as in marchaundyse or such lyke..Take this clothe of my worde, I avowe it for good. 5. transitive. To own, acknowledge, admit, or confess (facts, statements, or opinions, that one might himself conceal or deny). Const. as in 4. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > statement > acknowledgement, avowal, or confession > acknowledge, avow, or confess [verb (transitive)] kenc975 kithec1000 acknowOE anyetec1175 knowledgec1225 beknowc1325 avow1330 granta1400 acknowledge1481 recognize1509 confess1526 profess1526 testify1526 reacknowledge1550 avouch1606 to take with ——a1653 upgivea1776 1330 R. Mannyng Chron. 320 If he wille avowe alle his wikked sawe. c1386 G. Chaucer Canon's Yeoman's Prol. & Tale 89 I wol nought avowe what I say, And therfor kep it secré I yow pray. c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 19 A-vowyn, or stonde by the forsayde worde or dede, Advoco. a1464 J. Capgrave Abbreuiacion of Cron. (Cambr. Gg.4.12) (1983) 141 Sche accused a certeyn knyte, whech cam to þe kyng and avowid euery word. 1660 R. Allestree Gentlemans Calling ix. 159 This little Tract..must avow to come upon that uncivil, yet friendly errand. 1667 J. Dryden Annus Mirabilis 1666 cxxxvii. 35 As when Fiends did Miracles avow, He stands confess'd ev'n by the boastful Dutch. 1778 S. Johnson in Boswell Life Johnson (1816) III. 294 Many a man thinks, what he is ashamed to avow. 1855 W. H. Prescott Hist. Reign Philip II of Spain I. ii. viii. 235 The boldness with which he avowed his opinions. 6. reflexive and in passive. To confess one's identity, declare oneself. ΘΚΠ society > communication > manifestation > disclosure or revelation > disclose or reveal [verb (reflexive)] > disclose one's identity confess1393 avow1465 1465 M. Paston in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) I. 323 William Nawton is here wyth me, but he dar not ben avowyd. 1621 J. Molle tr. P. Camerarius Liuing Libr. i. vi. 16 I affirme and auow myselfe, that I am Liege-man..of Ferdinand. 1769 W. Draper in ‘Junius’ Stat Nominis Umbra (1772) I. xxiv. 177 Avow yourself, and prove the charge. 1837 S. R. Maitland 12 Lett. (1841) 81 The gentlemen who have avowed themselves as the instigators of the new edition. 7. Law. To justify or maintain (an act done, spec. a distress, for rent taken in one's own right). ΘΚΠ society > law > administration of justice > court proceedings or procedure > pleading > plead [verb (intransitive)] > justify justifyc1523 avow1540 1540 Act 32 Hen. VIII ii. §9 The next heire..shall haue..liberty..to sue demaunde, aduowe, declare, or make, the sayd titles, claymes, prescriptions. 1617 J. Minsheu Ἡγεμὼν είς τὰς γλῶσσας: Ductor in Linguas at Avowrie He that took the Distresse, justifying or maintaining the act, is said to auow, and that is called his Auowrie. 1642 tr. J. Perkins Profitable Bk. ii. §122. 54 If in a Replevin the defendant avow for a Rent charg in another place. 1809 T. E. Tomlins Jacob's Law-dict. at Avowry Where tenant in tail aliens in fee, the donor may avow upon him. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1885; most recently modified version published online December 2021). † avowv.2 Obsolete. 1. transitive. To put (one) to a vow or oath, to bind with a vow (to some act, to do something). ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > agreement > promise > promise or vow [verb (transitive)] > bind by a promise conjurec1290 to speak for ——a1300 avow1303 adjurea1425 surec1460 arrest1489 gage1489 insure1530 pledge1571 fiance1592 objure1609 sacrament1621 attest1685 1303 R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne 7647 Þese lordynges, Þat avowe here men to do swych þynges. c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Deeds xxiii. 14 With deuocioun we han avowid vs to no thing tastinge [L. devotione devovimus nos nihil gustaturos], til we slen Poul. 2. To devote, consecrate, dedicate by a vow (a person or thing to God, or to some solemn purpose). ΘΚΠ society > faith > worship > vow > make a vow [verb (transitive)] avow1382 1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Lev. xxvii. 16 If the feelde..he auowe [L. voverit] & halowe to the Lord. a1450 Knt. de la Tour (1868) 107 To avowe her children vnto God and holy chirche. 1533 J. Bellenden tr. Livy Hist. Rome i. 49 Tullus..avowit xii preistis..to be perpetualy dedicate to Mars. 1583 A. Conham in Babington's Commandm. To Reader***b Hee..as it were aduowed himselfe a man to the Lord, to serve in his Tabernacle. 3. a. intransitive (for reflexive). To bind oneself by a vow, to take a vow (to an act or to do something). ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > agreement > promise > promise, vow, or pledge [verb (intransitive)] queatheOE sweara900 fangc1175 behightc1275 to make (hold, pay, keep, yield or break) a vowc1290 vowa1325 avowc1400 to plight (one's) faithc1410 promitc1422 promise1447 creance1477 to take in vow1526 votec1540 depose1610 vum1785 to nail down1859 pledge1928 c1400 (?c1380) Patience l. 333 I dewoutly awowe þat veray betz halden Soberly to do þe sacrafyse. 1484 W. Caxton tr. G. de la Tour-Landry Bk. Knight of Tower (1971) xxv. 46 She..repentyd, and auowed to many pylgremages. 1531 St. German's Secunde Dyaloge Doctour & Student (new ed.) liv. f. cxlviiv Yf a man auow neuer to eate whyte mete. 1603 H. Crosse Vertues Common-wealth sig. C1 The three Romans..who for the safegard of their Countrey auowed to dye. b. absol. or with subordinate clause. To make a vow. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > agreement > promise > promise, vow, or pledge [verb (intransitive)] > that something will be done avowc1400 c1400 Melayne 733 I a-vowe to mylde marie..I sall noghte leve the soo. c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 19 Auowyn, or to make auowe, Voveo. 1493 Festyvall (1515) 93 He that hath avowed or ioyned in penaunce must fast the even. 1595 W. Allen et al. Conf. Next Succession Crowne of Ingland i. v. 109 I do promisse and auow to euery one of you..that I wil kepe, etc. 4. transitive. a. with cognate object. To vow. ΚΠ 1393 W. Langland Piers Plowman C. viii. 13 Ich haue a-vowed vowes fourty · and for-ȝut hem a morwe. 1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 285/3 Auowe ye vowes and yelde them to god. b. with ordinary object: To vow to give, keep, observe, do; to promise or undertake with a vow. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > agreement > promise > promise or vow [verb (transitive)] swearc825 hightOE behighta1000 behestc1175 bespeakc1320 queatha1325 vow1338 avowc1374 undertakec1385 forhighta1400 forsweara1400 hest14.. promitc1422 promise1430 protest1430 to swear outa1440 to swear to ——1598 pollicitate1657 c1374 G. Chaucer Anelida & Arcite 355 And unto Mars avoyth sacrifice. a1450 Knt. de la Tour (1868) 11 Than she avowed chastite. 1539 Act 31 Hen. VIII vi Suche as haue auowed religion. 1601 R. Johnson tr. G. Botero Trauellers Breuiat 175 Auowing continuall war against the Abessine Christians. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1885; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.11330n.21697v.1c1220v.21303 |
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