avoidancen.

/əˈvɔɪdəns/

Forms: Middle English–1500s auoydaunce, avoydaunce, Middle English avoydans, 1500s advoidance, 1500s–1700s auoydance, avoydance, auoidance, 1500s– avoidance.

Etymology: < avoid v. + -ance suffix; probably (from the date) in Anglo-Norman.

†1.

a. The action of emptying a vessel, etc., or of emptying away its contents; hence, a clearing away, removal; ejection, excretion. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > organs of excretion > [noun] > action of excreting

sheddingc1200

flux1377

outputtinga1387

purgationa1387

avoidancea1398

voidance1398

evacuation?1533

spurging1548

emptying1552

vacuation1583

emunction1601

regurgitation1601

vacation1617

excretion1640

egestion1644

weeping1655

elimination1665

despumation1684

excreting1849

the world > life > the body > organs of excretion > action of slavering > [noun] > action of spitting

spattlingc1000

spitting13..

spoutingc1390

avoidancea1398

spetinga1400

spet1446

spettingc1450

excreationa1556

spawling1608

exspuition1650

exsputation1657

sputation1657

sputtering1699

spit1700

the world > space > place > absence > fact of being unoccupied > [noun] > emptiness > emptying

avoidancea1398

voidance1398

voidingc1435

empting1440

teeming?1468

emptying1552

emptening1561

evacuation1593

evacuating1594

exinanition1603

depletion1656

exhaustion1796

the world > space > place > removal or displacement > [noun] > clearing or sweeping away > riddance

riddance1528

avoidance1548

outrooting1562

rootage1587

absolution1655

purge1655

exterminating1664

elimination?1788

shuttance1826

the world > food and drink > food > serving food > removal of dishes > [noun]

voidingc1435

avoid1493

remove1625

avoidance1661

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) I. vii. lxix. 438 Lest þere be to grete avoydaunce.

c1430 Freemasonry 712 From spyttynge and snyftynge kepe the also, By privy avoydans let hyt go.

1548 E. Gest Treat. againste Masse sig. Cii For..advoidance of ymage worshyp.

1574 A. Gilby tr. Test. Twelue Patriarches sig. Hi [God] hath assigned..the bellie to the auoydance of the stomack.

1627 J. Speed Eng. Abridged x. §3 Wolues, for whose auoydance Edgar the peaceable did impose a yearely Tribute.

1661 S. Morgan Sphere of Gentry iv. iii. 36^* Until..Supper and Avoydance be done and accomplished.

†b. A means of emptying; an outlet. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > [noun] > means of exit > specific for things > for liquid

avoidance1602

escape1889

1602 R. Carew Surv. Cornwall ii. f. 122 A great standing water..fed by no perceyued spring, neither hauing any auoydance.

1612 F. Bacon Ess. (new ed.) xlv. 265 Fountaines Running..from the Wall, with some fine Auoidances.

2. The action of making void or of no effect; voidance, invalidation, annulment. (Esp. in Law.)

ΘΚΠ

society > law > rule of law > illegality > [noun] > legal invalidity or faultiness > annulment or abrogation

reversing?a1425

repealing1431

abatementc1436

cancellingc1440

annullation1449

defeasance1456

voidance1488

reversal1489

reduction1496

repeal1503

extinguishment1528

disannulling1533

abrogation1535

obrogation1535

unplacing1554

nullity1555

reversement1572

reclaim1604

disaffirmancea1626

avoidance1628

rescinding1638

cassating1647

vacating1648

voiding1649

defease1650

annulment1651

unlawing1651

defeat1657

vacuating1684

peremption1726

invalidation1771

rescindment1783

supersession1790

disaffirmation1827

disenactment1859

discharge1892

1628 E. Coke 1st Pt. Inst. Lawes Eng. 261 b If a man in auoydance of a fine..alleage that hee was out of this Realme in Spaine, at the time of leuying of the fine.

a1832 J. Mackintosh Hist. Revol. Eng. (1834) iv. 109 Some members were threatened with the avoidance of their elections.

1855 H. H. Milman Hist. Lat. Christianity IV. ix. iv. 64 The obsequious clergy..pronounced at once the avoidance of the marriage.

†3. The action of vacating an office or benefice.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > office > withdrawing from or vacating office > [noun]

resignationa1387

surceasingc1435

resign1457

cessationa1464

dimissiona1513

demission1577

cession1608

avoidance1642

retirement1648

cess1689

cesser1689

resigning1743

retiring1808

retiral1840

inkyo1871

1642 E. Dering Coll. Speeches on Relig. 90 After the death, or other avoidance of a Bishop.

4. The becoming void or vacant, vacancy (of an office or benefice); also elliptical the right to fill up the vacancy.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > worship > benefice > [noun] > being or becoming vacant

voidance1422

avoidance1462

vaking1572

society > authority > office > [noun] > vacancy of an office

vacationc1425

vacance1579

sede vacante1589

vacancy1607

avoidance1660

society > faith > worship > benefice > [noun] > being or becoming vacant > right to fill vacancy

avoidance1660

1462 T. Howes in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) II. 272 Þat..I may have the presentacion of the next avoydaunce for a newew of myn.

1594 H. Plat Jewell House 64 A learned Vintner and worthie to haue the next auoydance of Bacchus his chaire.

1660 R. Coke Elements Power & Subjection v. iv. 267 in Justice Vindicated That Patron who should Symonically promote any Clerke, should not only forfeit that avoydance, but the advowson.

1858 H. Beveridge Comprehensive Hist. India II. v. iv. 347 The avoidance of the office of said governor-general by death.

1879 G. F. Maclear Celts xi. 170 On each avoidance of the abbacy, to fill up the situation from founder's kin.

†5. The action of dismissing a person or bidding him quit; dismissal, removal. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going away > causing to go away > [noun] > sending away or dismissing

dimission1530

dismiss1589

recoilmenta1608

dismission1608

discharge1616

dismissmenta1626

cashiering1629

avoidance1633

sending1748

discard1787

dismissala1806

demission1811

turn-away1858

1633 J. Done tr. ‘Aristeas’ Aunc. Hist. Septuagint sig. H3^v The King hauing made avoydance of those he esteemed not necessary.

1650 T. Fuller Pisgah-sight of Palestine ii. xi. 232 By the avoidance of this servant..divine providence made a way for Elisha.

†6. The action of quitting; withdrawal, departure, exit. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going away > [noun]

departing?c1225

partingc1300

withdrawingc1315

departc1330

wendingc1330

outpassinga1387

goinga1400

discessc1425

departisona1450

departmentc1450

going awayc1450

departition1470

departurec1515

recess1531

avoidance1563

parture1567

waygate1575

departance1579

exit1596

remotion1608

voiding1612

recession1630

recedence1641

recede1649

partment1663

recedure1712

leaving1719

off-going1727

quittance1757

departal1823

pull-out1825

pull-awaya1829

society > travel > aspects of travel > departure, leaving, or going away > [noun]

departing?c1225

partingc1300

departc1330

wendingc1330

going-outc1350

goinga1400

discessc1425

departisona1450

departmentc1450

departition1470

departurec1515

recess1531

avoidance1563

parture1567

waygate1575

departance1579

remotion1608

voiding1612

recede1649

partment1663

leaving1719

off-going1727

quittance1757

departal1823

waying1922

1563 J. Foxe Actes & Monuments 1373/2 The Byshop of Lyncolne commaunded auoydance, and willed M. Latimer to tary till the presse were diminished.

1613 J. Hayward Liues III. Normans 86 By voluntary avoidance out of the Realme.

1635 J. Swan Speculum Mundi ix. §1. 466 They [sc. mice] make present avoidance from their holes.

a. The action of avoiding or shunning anything unwelcome, or of holding aloof from a person.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > distance > distance or farness > [noun] > avoidance

avoidance1610

shirking1862

the world > action or operation > inaction > not doing > abstaining or refraining from action > [noun] > avoiding an action or condition

beflying1340

eschewingc1374

voidinga1398

flight1398

refusing?a1400

avoidinga1513

eschewa1542

eviting1541

umschewing1547

shunning1549

shuffling1579

eschewal1583

avoidance1610

evitation1626

evading1646

avoidal1695

eschewance1842

elusiveness1873

avoidment1882

sidestepping1902

1610 J. Donne Pseudo-martyr xi. 343 For auoydance of scandall, is Diuine law.

1623 Bp. J. Hall Contempl. VII. O.T. xix. 363 Some things may be yeelded for the..auoidance of others mis-constuction [sic].

1684 R. Baxter Catholick Communion 30 Must we let Men Excommunicate one another, and call all to mutual avoidance?

1874 J. R. Green Short Hist. Eng. People iii. §2. 120 There was no public avoidance of the excommunicated King.

b. Cultural Anthropology. The custom prevalent among many indigenous peoples by which one member of a family is forbidden to meet and address another member.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > customs, values, and civilization > customs, values, or beliefs of a society or group > [noun] > custom of a society or group > specifically among indigenous peoples

bora1866

avoidance1889

headshrinking1926

1865 E. B. Tylor Res. Early Hist. Mankind x. 287 Their object seems to be in general the avoidance of intercourse or connexion between parents-in-law and children-in-law... But the reasons for this avoidance are not clear.]

1889 E. B. Tylor in Jrnl. Anthropol. Inst. 18 247 If the customs of residence and the customs of avoidance were independent, or nearly so, we should expect to find their coincidence following the..law of chance.

a1899 J. J. Atkinson Primal Law (1903) 269 Avoidance would arise at the same time between mother-in-law and son-in-law.

1903 Lancet 22 Aug. 532/2 The conditions in which he lived with the female members of his own family gave origin to the curious etiquette of ‘avoidances’ which is still to be found amongst some savage races.

1958 A. R. Radcliffe-Brown Method in Social Anthropol. i. v. 122 In many primitive societies the relation established between two groups of kin by a marriage between a man of one group and a woman of the other is one which is expressed by customs of avoidance.

Draft additions January 2009

avoidance behaviour n. Biology and Psychology behaviour on the part of a person or animal which tends to remove it from situations or stimuli which are perceived as harmful or unpleasant.

ΚΠ

1928 H. C. Bingham Sex Devel. Apes ix. 128 Avoidance behavior, like fleeing and fighting..may be classed as negative.

1970 Mind 79 555 Drawing back, cringing, and other postures expressive of fear are recognizable as adumbrated forms of avoidance-behaviour.

2008 Deming (New Mexico) Headlight (Nexis) 21 Oct. Another response to victimization is avoidance behavior. Staying home from school due to fear of victimization is a common response.

avoidance response n. Biology and Psychology an instance or type of avoidance behaviour.

ΚΠ

1921 S. Smith & E. R. Guthrie Chapters Gen. Psychol. iii. 83 Approaching the button and approaching the open door are the only approach responses which are uninhibited by conditioned avoidance responses.

1968 Science 29 Mar. 1489/1 Observer cats acquired the avoidance response..significantly faster and made fewer errors than cats that were conventionally trained.

2007 Townsville (Queensland) Bull. (Nexis) 11 Dec. (Features section) 12 Never..approach a snake from the rear. They can flick themselves backwards at lightning speed. It is so fast your mind doesn't really have time to..form an avoidance response.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1885; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	avoidance
释义	avoidancen. /əˈvɔɪdəns/ Forms: Middle English–1500s auoydaunce, avoydaunce, Middle English avoydans, 1500s advoidance, 1500s–1700s auoydance, avoydance, auoidance, 1500s– avoidance. Etymology: < avoid v. + -ance suffix; probably (from the date) in Anglo-Norman. †1. a. The action of emptying a vessel, etc., or of emptying away its contents; hence, a clearing away, removal; ejection, excretion. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > organs of excretion > [noun] > action of excreting sheddingc1200 flux1377 outputtinga1387 purgationa1387 avoidancea1398 voidance1398 evacuation?1533 spurging1548 emptying1552 vacuation1583 emunction1601 regurgitation1601 vacation1617 excretion1640 egestion1644 weeping1655 elimination1665 despumation1684 excreting1849 the world > life > the body > organs of excretion > action of slavering > [noun] > action of spitting spattlingc1000 spitting13.. spoutingc1390 avoidancea1398 spetinga1400 spet1446 spettingc1450 excreationa1556 spawling1608 exspuition1650 exsputation1657 sputation1657 sputtering1699 spit1700 the world > space > place > absence > fact of being unoccupied > [noun] > emptiness > emptying avoidancea1398 voidance1398 voidingc1435 empting1440 teeming?1468 emptying1552 emptening1561 evacuation1593 evacuating1594 exinanition1603 depletion1656 exhaustion1796 the world > space > place > removal or displacement > [noun] > clearing or sweeping away > riddance riddance1528 avoidance1548 outrooting1562 rootage1587 absolution1655 purge1655 exterminating1664 elimination?1788 shuttance1826 the world > food and drink > food > serving food > removal of dishes > [noun] voidingc1435 avoid1493 remove1625 avoidance1661 a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) I. vii. lxix. 438 Lest þere be to grete avoydaunce. c1430 Freemasonry 712 From spyttynge and snyftynge kepe the also, By privy avoydans let hyt go. 1548 E. Gest Treat. againste Masse sig. Cii For..advoidance of ymage worshyp. 1574 A. Gilby tr. Test. Twelue Patriarches sig. Hi [God] hath assigned..the bellie to the auoydance of the stomack. 1627 J. Speed Eng. Abridged x. §3 Wolues, for whose auoydance Edgar the peaceable did impose a yearely Tribute. 1661 S. Morgan Sphere of Gentry iv. iii. 36^* Until..Supper and Avoydance be done and accomplished. †b. A means of emptying; an outlet. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > [noun] > means of exit > specific for things > for liquid avoidance1602 escape1889 1602 R. Carew Surv. Cornwall ii. f. 122 A great standing water..fed by no perceyued spring, neither hauing any auoydance. 1612 F. Bacon Ess. (new ed.) xlv. 265 Fountaines Running..from the Wall, with some fine Auoidances. 2. The action of making void or of no effect; voidance, invalidation, annulment. (Esp. in Law.) ΘΚΠ society > law > rule of law > illegality > [noun] > legal invalidity or faultiness > annulment or abrogation reversing?a1425 repealing1431 abatementc1436 cancellingc1440 annullation1449 defeasance1456 voidance1488 reversal1489 reduction1496 repeal1503 extinguishment1528 disannulling1533 abrogation1535 obrogation1535 unplacing1554 nullity1555 reversement1572 reclaim1604 disaffirmancea1626 avoidance1628 rescinding1638 cassating1647 vacating1648 voiding1649 defease1650 annulment1651 unlawing1651 defeat1657 vacuating1684 peremption1726 invalidation1771 rescindment1783 supersession1790 disaffirmation1827 disenactment1859 discharge1892 1628 E. Coke 1st Pt. Inst. Lawes Eng. 261 b If a man in auoydance of a fine..alleage that hee was out of this Realme in Spaine, at the time of leuying of the fine. a1832 J. Mackintosh Hist. Revol. Eng. (1834) iv. 109 Some members were threatened with the avoidance of their elections. 1855 H. H. Milman Hist. Lat. Christianity IV. ix. iv. 64 The obsequious clergy..pronounced at once the avoidance of the marriage. †3. The action of vacating an office or benefice. ΘΚΠ society > authority > office > withdrawing from or vacating office > [noun] resignationa1387 surceasingc1435 resign1457 cessationa1464 dimissiona1513 demission1577 cession1608 avoidance1642 retirement1648 cess1689 cesser1689 resigning1743 retiring1808 retiral1840 inkyo1871 1642 E. Dering Coll. Speeches on Relig. 90 After the death, or other avoidance of a Bishop. 4. The becoming void or vacant, vacancy (of an office or benefice); also elliptical the right to fill up the vacancy. ΘΚΠ society > faith > worship > benefice > [noun] > being or becoming vacant voidance1422 avoidance1462 vaking1572 society > authority > office > [noun] > vacancy of an office vacationc1425 vacance1579 sede vacante1589 vacancy1607 avoidance1660 society > faith > worship > benefice > [noun] > being or becoming vacant > right to fill vacancy avoidance1660 1462 T. Howes in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) II. 272 Þat..I may have the presentacion of the next avoydaunce for a newew of myn. 1594 H. Plat Jewell House 64 A learned Vintner and worthie to haue the next auoydance of Bacchus his chaire. 1660 R. Coke Elements Power & Subjection v. iv. 267 in Justice Vindicated That Patron who should Symonically promote any Clerke, should not only forfeit that avoydance, but the advowson. 1858 H. Beveridge Comprehensive Hist. India II. v. iv. 347 The avoidance of the office of said governor-general by death. 1879 G. F. Maclear Celts xi. 170 On each avoidance of the abbacy, to fill up the situation from founder's kin. †5. The action of dismissing a person or bidding him quit; dismissal, removal. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going away > causing to go away > [noun] > sending away or dismissing dimission1530 dismiss1589 recoilmenta1608 dismission1608 discharge1616 dismissmenta1626 cashiering1629 avoidance1633 sending1748 discard1787 dismissala1806 demission1811 turn-away1858 1633 J. Done tr. ‘Aristeas’ Aunc. Hist. Septuagint sig. H3^v The King hauing made avoydance of those he esteemed not necessary. 1650 T. Fuller Pisgah-sight of Palestine ii. xi. 232 By the avoidance of this servant..divine providence made a way for Elisha. †6. The action of quitting; withdrawal, departure, exit. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going away > [noun] departing?c1225 partingc1300 withdrawingc1315 departc1330 wendingc1330 outpassinga1387 goinga1400 discessc1425 departisona1450 departmentc1450 going awayc1450 departition1470 departurec1515 recess1531 avoidance1563 parture1567 waygate1575 departance1579 exit1596 remotion1608 voiding1612 recession1630 recedence1641 recede1649 partment1663 recedure1712 leaving1719 off-going1727 quittance1757 departal1823 pull-out1825 pull-awaya1829 society > travel > aspects of travel > departure, leaving, or going away > [noun] departing?c1225 partingc1300 departc1330 wendingc1330 going-outc1350 goinga1400 discessc1425 departisona1450 departmentc1450 departition1470 departurec1515 recess1531 avoidance1563 parture1567 waygate1575 departance1579 remotion1608 voiding1612 recede1649 partment1663 leaving1719 off-going1727 quittance1757 departal1823 waying1922 1563 J. Foxe Actes & Monuments 1373/2 The Byshop of Lyncolne commaunded auoydance, and willed M. Latimer to tary till the presse were diminished. 1613 J. Hayward Liues III. Normans 86 By voluntary avoidance out of the Realme. 1635 J. Swan Speculum Mundi ix. §1. 466 They [sc. mice] make present avoidance from their holes. 7. a. The action of avoiding or shunning anything unwelcome, or of holding aloof from a person. ΘΚΠ the world > space > distance > distance or farness > [noun] > avoidance avoidance1610 shirking1862 the world > action or operation > inaction > not doing > abstaining or refraining from action > [noun] > avoiding an action or condition beflying1340 eschewingc1374 voidinga1398 flight1398 refusing?a1400 avoidinga1513 eschewa1542 eviting1541 umschewing1547 shunning1549 shuffling1579 eschewal1583 avoidance1610 evitation1626 evading1646 avoidal1695 eschewance1842 elusiveness1873 avoidment1882 sidestepping1902 1610 J. Donne Pseudo-martyr xi. 343 For auoydance of scandall, is Diuine law. 1623 Bp. J. Hall Contempl. VII. O.T. xix. 363 Some things may be yeelded for the..auoidance of others mis-constuction [sic]. 1684 R. Baxter Catholick Communion 30 Must we let Men Excommunicate one another, and call all to mutual avoidance? 1874 J. R. Green Short Hist. Eng. People iii. §2. 120 There was no public avoidance of the excommunicated King. b. Cultural Anthropology. The custom prevalent among many indigenous peoples by which one member of a family is forbidden to meet and address another member. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > customs, values, and civilization > customs, values, or beliefs of a society or group > [noun] > custom of a society or group > specifically among indigenous peoples bora1866 avoidance1889 headshrinking1926 1865 E. B. Tylor Res. Early Hist. Mankind x. 287 Their object seems to be in general the avoidance of intercourse or connexion between parents-in-law and children-in-law... But the reasons for this avoidance are not clear.] 1889 E. B. Tylor in Jrnl. Anthropol. Inst. 18 247 If the customs of residence and the customs of avoidance were independent, or nearly so, we should expect to find their coincidence following the..law of chance. a1899 J. J. Atkinson Primal Law (1903) 269 Avoidance would arise at the same time between mother-in-law and son-in-law. 1903 Lancet 22 Aug. 532/2 The conditions in which he lived with the female members of his own family gave origin to the curious etiquette of ‘avoidances’ which is still to be found amongst some savage races. 1958 A. R. Radcliffe-Brown Method in Social Anthropol. i. v. 122 In many primitive societies the relation established between two groups of kin by a marriage between a man of one group and a woman of the other is one which is expressed by customs of avoidance. Draft additions January 2009 avoidance behaviour n. Biology and Psychology behaviour on the part of a person or animal which tends to remove it from situations or stimuli which are perceived as harmful or unpleasant. ΚΠ 1928 H. C. Bingham Sex Devel. Apes ix. 128 Avoidance behavior, like fleeing and fighting..may be classed as negative. 1970 Mind 79 555 Drawing back, cringing, and other postures expressive of fear are recognizable as adumbrated forms of avoidance-behaviour. 2008 Deming (New Mexico) Headlight (Nexis) 21 Oct. Another response to victimization is avoidance behavior. Staying home from school due to fear of victimization is a common response. avoidance response n. Biology and Psychology an instance or type of avoidance behaviour. ΚΠ 1921 S. Smith & E. R. Guthrie Chapters Gen. Psychol. iii. 83 Approaching the button and approaching the open door are the only approach responses which are uninhibited by conditioned avoidance responses. 1968 Science 29 Mar. 1489/1 Observer cats acquired the avoidance response..significantly faster and made fewer errors than cats that were conventionally trained. 2007 Townsville (Queensland) Bull. (Nexis) 11 Dec. (Features section) 12 Never..approach a snake from the rear. They can flick themselves backwards at lightning speed. It is so fast your mind doesn't really have time to..form an avoidance response. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1885; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.a1398
随便看	ursinias urson ursone ursons ursprache urstock ursuline urtext urtexts urtica urticaceous urtical urticant urticants urticaria urticarial urticarias urticarious urticas urticate urticated urticates urticating urtication urtications