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单词 latin
释义

Latinadj.n.

Brit. /ˈlatɪn/, U.S. /ˈlætn/
Forms: Middle English–1500s Latyn, Middle English–1600s Latine, Middle English–1500s Latyne, Laten, 1500s Latten, ( Lattin, Scottish Latyng), Middle English– Latin.
Etymology: < Latin Latīnus adjective, < Latium , the portion of Italy which included Rome. Compare French latin . The word (as noun denoting the language) was adopted in Old English as lǽden (see leden n.).
A. adj.
1. Of or pertaining to Latium or the ancient Latins (or Romans).
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > named regions of earth > Europe > Italy > [adjective] > ancient parts
Tyrrhenea1387
Latinc1400
Albana1522
Latian1598
Picene1600
Picenian1619
Ligurian1632
Praenestine1683
Tyrrhenian1797
Picentine1888
the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Europe > native or inhabitant of ancient or medieval Europe > native or inhabitant of states or regions Italy > [adjective]
Latinc1400
Latian1598
sybarite1599
Messapian1608
Faliscan1686
Peucetiana1734
sybaritic1786
Iapygian1864
Venetian1866
Atestine1931
c1400 ( G. Chaucer Treat. Astrolabe (Cambr. Dd.3.53) (1872) Prol. 2 As wel as suffisith to thise noble clerkes grekes thise same conclusiouns in grek..& to the Latyn folk in Latyn.
1549 Forme & Maner consecratyng Archebishoppes sig. A.ij Learned in the Latin toungue.
1557 Earl of Surrey et al. Songes & Sonettes sig. O.iiii Caiet the Phrygian..who gaue to Latine stronds the name.
1644 J. Milton Areopagitica 6 Nævius and Plautus the first Latine comedians.
1670 S. Wilson Lassels's Voy. Italy (new ed.) Pref. sig. āij I am writing of the Latin country.
1882 ‘Ouida’ In Maremma I. 149 The ruins of Roman roads, of Latin castles.
2.
a. Pertaining to, characteristic of, or composed in the language of the ancient Latins or Romans. Of a writer, scholar, etc.: Versed in the Latin language. Latin letter, a letter of the Latin alphabet.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [adjective] > Indo-European > Italic > of or relating to Latin
Latinc950
Romana1393
Latinisha1603
Latinic1875
Latinate1904
neo-Latin1922
society > communication > writing > written character > [noun] > Latin character
Tc1000
Latin letter1535
c950 Lindisf. Gosp. Matt. Prol. Latinis exemplaribus, latinum bisenum.
1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) xii. l. 1413 Eftir the pruff geyffyn fra the Latyn buk.
1535 W. Stewart tr. H. Boethius Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) II. 356 In Latyng letteris and in dowbill forme Tha wrait it.
1598 W. Shakespeare Love's Labour's Lost iii. i. 134 Remuneration, O that's the latine word for three-farthings. View more context for this quotation
a1631 J. Donne Βιαθανατος (1647) iii. ii. §4 The Latine Text is thus cited.
1668 Bp. J. Wilkins Ess. Real Char. iv. vi. 453 Latin Grammer.
1712 in J. A. Picton City of Liverpool: Select. Munic. Rec. (1886) II. 6 In the Chancery of England in the Petty Bag Office or Latin side.
1774 J. Bryant New Syst. (new ed.) I. 110 He sometimes subjoins the Latine termination.
1777 W. Robertson Hist. Amer. (1783) II. 451 A Latin translation of them appeared in Germany.
1845 J. Stoddart Gram. in Encycl. Metrop. (1847) I. 163/1 Adelung..is of opinion that the Latin et, and Greek ἔτι are identical in origin with the Teutonic enti, unte, &c.
1953 K. Jackson Lang. & Hist. in Early Brit. 179 Latin-letter inscriptions.
1965 Language 41 238 All Serbo-Croatian examples..are cited in conventional Latin-letter orthography.
b. transferred (jocular).
ΚΠ
1599 H. Buttes Dyets Dry Dinner sig. K4 So these two words, Eate it, are the unlettered mans latine for any good meate.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Merry Wives of Windsor (1623) iv. i. 43 Hang-hog, is latten for Bacon. View more context for this quotation
1738 J. Swift Compl. Coll. Genteel Conversat. 157 Brandy is Latin for a Goose, and Tace is Latin for a Candle.
3. The distinctive epithet of that branch of the Catholic Church which acknowledges the primacy of the Bishop of Rome, and uses the Latin tongue in its rites and formularies. Also applied to its rites, clergy, etc.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > sect > Christianity > Roman Catholicism > [adjective]
RomanisheOE
Laterana1400
Romana1500
papistical1527
popish1528
antichristian1532
pontifical1533
Babylonical1535
papish1538
Romish1538
papistic1545
west1549
catholic1554
catholic1554
mass-monging1556
western1562
Latin1564
Babylonian1567
Babylonish1570
Romish Catholic?1570
Romanist1572
Roman Catholic1587
papala1593
pseudo-catholical1601
Babylonic1602
pseudo-Catholic1605
Romist1605
Romified1609
Babelish1610
papizing1612
pontifician1612
pontificial1614
Romulean1615
papized1639
Romanistical1646
Romanical1664
papagan1679
popish-like1689
Anglo-Roman1766
papicolar1811
Romanistic1829
pre-Reformation1855
papalistic1861
papalized1879
1564 T. Becon New Catech. in Wks. 433 I passe ouer the other auncient fathers and doctours bothe of the Greke and Latin churches.
a1600 R. Hooker Of Lawes Eccl. Politie (1648) vi. 38 The Greek Church first, and in processe of time the Latin altred this order [of public penitence].
1654 Bp. J. Taylor Real Presence 67 These words..are usually called the words of Consecration in the Latine Church.
1796 H. Hunter tr. J.-H. B. de Saint-Pierre Stud. Nature (1799) III. 689 To have the Latin offices of our churches chanted in French.
1845 S. Austin tr. L. von Ranke Hist. Reformation in Germany (ed. 2) I. 483 He wished to break up the unity of Latin Christendom.
1869 H. Vaughan Year of Preparation i. xii. 113 The Easterns deliberated among themselves without the presence of any Latin bishops.
1899 J. Stalker Christol. of Jesus ii. 47 The Greek and Latin Fathers, from Irenaeus downwards, thus employ it.
4.
a. Historical. Applied (in opposition to Greek) to what pertains to the peoples of Western Europe, viewed in their relations with the Eastern Empire and with the Saracens and Turks.
ΘΚΠ
the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Europe > [adjective] > western
Frankish1594
Frank1632
Western European1639
Latin1788
Euro1980
1788 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall VI. lviii. 1 (heading) Characters of the Latin princes.—.. Godfrey of Bouillon, first King of Jerusalem.—Institutions of the French or Latin Kingdom.
1788 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall VI. lxi. 174 (heading) Partition of the Empire by the French and Venetians.—Five Latin Emperors of the Houses of Flanders and Courtenay [1204–1261].
1821 Ld. Byron Isles of Greece in Don Juan: Canto III 51 But Turkish force, and Latin fraud, Would break your shield, however broad.
b. Used as a designation for the European peoples which speak languages descended from Latin; often with implication of the erroneous notion that these peoples are of Roman descent. Also elliptical for Latin American. Latin America: those countries in Central and South America in which Spanish or Portuguese is the dominant language collectively; hence Latin American adj. and n. Latin League: a proposed association of Latin nations, advocated by the Spanish minister Castelar in 1884, to restore the balance of power in Europe, and check the increasing influence of Germany. Latin Union: the monetary alliance formed in 1865 by France, Belgium, Italy and Switzerland, and afterwards joined by Greece, its object being the adoption and maintenance of a uniform system of bimetallic coinage in each of these states, and the recognition by each state of the coins of the others as legal tender.
ΘΚΠ
the world > people > ethnicities > Latin and Romance people > [adjective]
Latinized1807
Romanic1843
Latin1856
pan-Latinism1864
Latinic1875
pan-Latinist1882
Latinesque1887
Latinate1960
the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of America > native or inhabitant of Latin America > [noun]
Latin1856
spiggoty1899
spic1906
Latin American1912
the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of America > native or inhabitant of Latin America > [adjective]
Latin1856
Latin American1890
spic1914
the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [adjective] > Indo-European > Italic > of Romance languages > of people speaking
Latin1856
Latinic1875
1856 R. W. Emerson Eng. Traits vii. 119 The Teutonic tribes have a national singleness of heart, which contrasts with the Latin races.
1882 Sat. Rev. 18 Mar. 323/1 One of Señor Castelar's tirades on the Latin League.
1904 Collier's 7 May 5/1 Alertness to approaching danger, consciousness of a crumbling world, seem keenest among the so-called Latin nations.
1936 Discovery Dec. 365/1 An issue [of Discovery] devoted to Latin America.
1962 S. de Madariaga (title) Latin-America between the Eagle and the Bear.
1966 Crescendo Nov. 6/1 All the side one tracks have this straight eight-to-the-bar or Latin feel about them.
1989 R. Jones Transparent Gestures iv. 58 Tomorrow's table is being set for another guest, some hot Latin fluff or venerable tabloid star to be written in.
5. Of a kind of printing type = roman n.3 Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > printing > types, blocks, or plates > relating to type > style of type > [adjective] > Roman
Roman1519
Latin1709
Italian1711
1709 Tanner 3 Oct. in Ballard MSS. IV. 53 Their Latin Small-Letter being worn out.
B. n.
1.
a. The language of the Latins or people of ancient Rome; the Latin language.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [noun] > Indo-European > postulated Italo-Celtic > Latin
Latinc950
RomanishOE
grammarc1320
Roman1607
c950 Lindisf. Gosp. Mark v. 41 Interpraetatum, getrahtad in latin.
c1275 Passion our Lord 470 in Old Eng. Misc. 50 Hit wes iwryten on ebreu on gryv and latyn.
c1290 S. Eng. Leg. I. 143/1305 Þat ne connen latin non.
c1400 ( G. Chaucer Treat. Astrolabe (Cambr. Dd.3.53) (1872) Prol. 2 For latyn ne kanstow yit but smal, my lite sone.
a1420 T. Hoccleve De Regimine Principum 1854 Endite in frensch or latyn þi greef clere.
1553 R. Eden in tr. S. Münster Treat. Newe India sig. aaj Translated out of Latin into Englishe.
1623 B. Jonson in W. Shakespeare Comedies, Hist. & Trag. sig. A4 And though thou hadst small Latine, and lesse Greeke.
1678 R. Cudworth True Intellect. Syst. Universe i. v. 894 When a man speaking Latine, observes not the Laws of Grammar.
1712 R. Steele Spectator No. 296. ⁋1 They adore and honour the Sound of Latin as it is old Italian.
1834 G. P. R. James John Marston Hall I. vii. 33 I was filled with a great deal more Latin than I ever knew what to do with.
1845 M. Pattison in Christian Remembrancer Jan. 74 The Latin which Gregory writes is, with little difference, his native tongue.
b. with qualifying words, as good, bad, etc. dog Latin: see dog-Latin n. at dog n.1 Compounds 3a; false Latin: Latin which is faulty in construction; hence transferred, a breach of manners.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > [noun] > unmannerliness > a breach of good manners
solecism1599
incivility1652
spinosity1653
false Latin1665
1551 T. Wilson Rule of Reason sig. Biij A Grammarian is better liked, that speketh true and good Latine, then he..that speaketh false.
1598 W. Shakespeare Love's Labour's Lost v. i. 75 Oh I smell false Latine, dunghel for vnguem.
1626 F. Bacon New Atlantis 2 in Sylua Syluarum Written..in Ancient Greeke, and in good Latine of the Schoole, and in Spanish.
1665 G. Havers tr. P. della Valle Trav. E. India 186 He (the King) bid us several times put on our Hats; but our Captain..answer'd that he would not, that they should not cause him to commit that false Latine.
c. thieves' Latin, the secret language or ‘cant’ of thieves.
ΚΠ
1821 W. Scott Kenilworth III. iv. 60 A very learned man,..and can vent Greek and Hebrew as I can Thieves'-latin.
1824 W. Scott Redgauntlet II. xiii. 314 The thieves-Latin called slang.
d. to make Latin (also Latins): to write Latin composition. Obsolete (Scottish in later use).
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > literature > art or occupation of writer or author > follow occupation of writer [verb (intransitive)] > compose > Latin compositions
to make Latin (also Latins)c1450
the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > meaning > explanation, exposition > translation > translate [verb (transitive)] > into particular language > as exercise
to make Latin (also Latins)c1450
c1450 in D. Thomson Middle Eng. Grammatical Texts (1984) 178 In how many maners schalt thou bygynne to make Latyn?
c1500 Song in T. Wright & J. O. Halliwell Reliquiæ Antiquæ (1845) I. 117 Latens for to make.
a1568 R. Ascham Scholemaster (1570) ii. f. 31v The hard pointes of Grammer..which, scholers in common scholes, by making of Latines, be groping at.
1607 Statutes in M. H. Peacock Hist. Free Gram. School Wakefield (1892) 68 Makinge of translations or Latins.
1612 J. Brinsley Posing of Parts (1669) 130 Directions to make Latine.
1675 E. Coles (title) Nolens volens, or you shall make Latin whether you will or no.
1816 J. Gilchrist Philos. Etymol. 186 Can our roting, repeating scholar make Latin as Cicero made it?
2. An inhabitant or native of Latium; one who possessed the ‘Latin right’ of citizenship. †Also, one who spoke or wrote the Latin language; a Latin writer or author (obsolete).
ΘΚΠ
the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Europe > native or inhabitant of ancient or medieval Europe > native or inhabitant of states or regions Italy > [noun]
Albana1387
Latina1398
Venetian1432
Picentine1598
sybarite1598
Faliscan1600
Picene1601
sybaritan1608
Picenian1610
Peucetian1615
Pompeian1654
Praenestine1683
Iapygian1773
Messapian1773
Atestine1924
Cumaean1931
the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [noun] > Indo-European > postulated Italo-Celtic > Latin > person speaking or writing
Latina1398
Latinist1538
Latinizer1603
Latinera1691
neo-Latinist1910
a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xvii. cviii. 998 The note tree hatte nux... And many Latyns clepeþ þis tree iugilans by anoþer name.
a1400–50 Alexander 5652 Sum in latens lare sum langage of grece.
1594 T. Blundeville Exercises iii. i. xxxvi. f. 167v Time consisteth of two parts..knit together by a common bound called of the Latines Nunc, that is to say now.
1615 W. Bedwell tr. Mohammedis Imposturæ i. §15 The languages of..the Syrians, Greekes, and Latines.
1644 K. Digby Two Treat. i. xxxii. 277 So that, to exercise sense (which the latines do call, sentire..) is [etc.].
1841 W. Spalding Italy & Ital. Islands I. 326 The Sabines and Latins worshipped the powers of external nature.
1880 J. Muirhead tr. Gaius Institutes i. 11 Latins may attain to Roman citizenship in many ways.
3. (Chiefly in plural.)
Thesaurus »
Categories »
a. Historical. The designation given at the period of the Crusades to persons belonging to any of the Western nations of Europe, in contradistinction to the ‘Greeks’; = Frank n.1 (Cf. A. 4a.)
b. A member or adherent of the Latin or Western Church; now rare or obsolete exc. Historical with reference to subjects of the Turkish Empire.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > sect > Christianity > Roman Catholicism > person > [noun]
papist1528
Romanist1534
Roman1537
Romist1543
papistic1545
popestant1549
flesh-maker1551
mass-monger1551
Romish1551
Pope catholicc1554
popeling1563
catholic1570
Romish Catholic1571
popera1577
Pope worshipper1579
papane1581
Roman Catholic1581
Cacolike1582
Cartholic1582
papisha1595
Babylonian1603
papal1611
popinian1613
Papalin1616
Romulist1620
papicolist1633
western1640
papagan1641
universalist1644
red-letter man1677
RC1691
Azymite1728
papalist1752
craw-thumper1786
catholicist1812
papisher1817
pontifical1832
Romanite1839
dogan1847
mickey1851
redneck1852
mackerel-snatcher1855
Latin1867
Romanensian1885
Roman candle1897
Mick1902
Mick Dooley1905
Mickey Doo1905
left-footer1911
Pape1927
right-footer1929
Doolan1940
tyke1941
Tim1958
mackerel-snapper1960
Teague1971
Mickey Doolan1972
c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (1839) iii. 19 [Men of Grece] suffre not the Latynes to syngen at here Awteres.
c1547 S. Gardiner Let. 21 May in J. Foxe Actes & Monuments (1563) 734/1 There is nothing more commended vnto vs christen men in both the churches of the grekes & lattens then lent is.
1682 N. O. tr. N. Boileau-Despréaux Lutrin iv. 296 Why vex we then Dead Fathers, Greeks and Lattins? Our Mother Tongue will serve to Mumble Mattins.
1788 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall V. liii. 510 After the restoration of the Western empire by Charlemagne and the Othos, the names of Franks and Latins acquired an equal signification and extent.
1867 M. E. Herbert Cradle Lands iii. 76 It was only intended for the Catholics (here [i.e. at Jerusalem] called ‘Latins’).
1881 Conder in Encycl. Brit. XIII. 644/1 The Latins in Palestine are not numerous, the country villages, when Christian, belonging generally to the Greek Church.
c. A member of any of the various communities in Europe (France, Italy, Spain, etc.) and Latin America whose language is derived from Latin.
ΘΚΠ
the world > people > ethnicities > Latin and Romance people > [noun]
Latin1876
1876 R. Brown Races Mankind IV. xvii. 292 The Aryans of Europe are the Skipitar, Celts, Greeks, Latins, Germans of all branches, Lithuanians, or Letts and Slavs.
1908 M. Beerbohm Lett. to R. Turner (1964) 180 And then, of course, there is the pendant-fact that the Latins are born actors.
1936 ‘J. Curtis’ Gilt Kid iii. 35 A kind of wooden..expression had come over her as it does over all Latins when they're scared of having to give something for nothing.
1949 H. van Zeller We live with our Eyes Open 65 A Latin loves differently from a Saxon for instance.
1955 Publ. Amer. Dial. Soc. No. 24. 44 Most of these Latins [sc. immigrants from Cuba etc.] congregate on the East Coast.
1963 Times 2 Mar. 4/5 The Latins are said to be less susceptible to these emotions than we are.
4. A translation into Latin, as a school exercise. Chiefly plural.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > meaning > explanation, exposition > translation > [noun] > used at school
Latinc1500
version1711
pony1827
crib1828
paving1877
trot1924
c1500 Song in T. Wright & J. O. Halliwell Reliquiæ Antiquæ (1845) I. 117 Latens for to make.
1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum With all the Lattens to the sayde nombres.
a1568 R. Ascham Scholemaster (1570) ii. f. 31v The hard pointes of Grammer..which, scholers in common scholes, by making of Latines, be groping at.
1607 Statutes in M. H. Peacock Hist. Free Gram. School Wakefield (1892) 68 Makinge of translations or Latins.
1655 W. Walker Treat. Eng. Particles Pref. sig. A3 The first Columne conteining some Englishes; the second such childish and bald Latines, as we often find them turn'd into.

Compounds

C1. General attributive.
Latin-based adj.
ΚΠ
1964 M. A. K. Halliday et al. Ling. Sci. i. 121 Old-fashioned Latin-based grammars.
1964 Language 40 93 The inherited tradition of Latin- and Romance-based usage.
Latin-derived adj.
ΚΠ
1946 H. Jacob On Choice of Common Lang. 38 A Latin-derived constructed language.
1965 W. S. Allen Vox Latina 109 As early as the fourteenth century one finds spellings with ngn for Latin-derived words.
C2.
Latin–Greek adj. of or pertaining to both Latin and Greek.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [adjective] > Indo-European > Italic > of or relating to Latin > and Greek
Latin–Greek1942
1942 E. Partridge Usage & Abusage 293/2 Slang tends to be ‘Saxon’ rather than ‘Latin–Greek’.
1960 Amer. Speech 35 233 Unvoicing originated mainly in Latin– Greek bilingualism.
Latin-maker n. Obsolete a writer of Latin, a Latinist.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > literature > writer or author > [noun] > writers in specific language or dialect
Latin-maker14..
Latinist1538
Indo-Anglian1883
vernacularist1926
14.. in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 682 Hic latinista, a Latyn-maker.
Latin making n. Obsolete Latin composition.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > literature > art or occupation of writer or author > [noun] > action or practice of composing > Latin compositions
Latin makinga1568
a1568 R. Ascham Scholemaster (1570) ii. f. 42 Though ye say well, in a latin making,..yet you being but in doute..ye gather and lay vp in memorie, no sure frute of learning..But if ye fault in translation, ye ar easelie taught, how..to amende it.
Latin Quarter n. [ < French Quartier latin; compare quarter n. 13.] the district of Paris on the left or south bank of the Seine, where Latin was spoken in the Middle Ages, and where students and artists live and the principal university buildings are situated; also transferred.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > named regions of earth > named cities or towns > [noun] > in France > Paris > parts of
Quartier Latin1857
Latin Quarter1869
left bank1871
quartier1896
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > town as opposed to country > town or city > part of town or city > [noun] > other areas
friars1479
foreign1514
acropolis1570
sestiere1599
shopping district1837
downstreet1865
Latin Quarter1869
midtown1882
club-land1885
flat-land1889
brick area1895
turf1953
grey area1959
office park1963
bed-sitter-land1968
edge city1968
1869 ‘M. Twain’ Innocents Abroad xv. 150 The grisettes!..so devoted to their poverty-stricken students of the Latin Quarter.
1882 R. L. Stevenson New Arabian Nights I. 55 He had chosen to study the attractions of Paris from..a furnished hotel, in the Latin Quarter.
1904 J. T. Grein Dram. Crit. IV. 175 It was a generous mixture of the Latin Quarter and the various queer streets where London minor poetry flourishes.
1904 Daily Chron. 12 Dec. 4/4 They are good English garden-party hats, but they don't do for midi on an autumn day in the Latin Quarter.
1922 J. Joyce Ulysses i. i. [Telemachus] 17 And there's your Latin quarter hat, he said.
1930 E. B. Chancellor (title) London's old Latin Quarter, being an account of Tottenham Court Road and its immediate surroundings.
1961 M. Beadle These Ruins are Inhabited (1963) iv. 54 There is good reason now for wags to call the university ‘the Latin Quarter of Oxford’.
1968 Listener 4 July 5/2 I left my friends in the Latin Quarter three weeks ago in a mood of exhausted elation.
Latin school n. (also Latin grammar school) U.S. a school offering Latin (and sometimes Greek) as part of the syllabus; cf. German Lateinschule, Danish Latinskole, Dutch Latijnsche school.
ΘΚΠ
society > education > place of education > school > [noun] > grammar school
grammar schoola1387
Latin school1651
grammar-castle1670
grammar-college1886
grammar1950
1651 in Rec. Mass. Bay (1854) III. 242 Whosoeuer shall..cause Schollers belonginge to the Colledge or any other Latine Schoole..to spend any of theire time [etc.].
1680 in C. W. Manwaring Digest Early Connecticut Probate Rec. (1904) I. 355 I give to the lattin Schoole in Hartford £50.
1685 New Plymouth Laws (1836) 300 That every County Town shall have and maintain a Latine School.
1781 S. Peters Gen. Hist. Connecticut 185 Elms..surround the center square, wherein are..the jail, and Latin school.
1856 B. H. Hall Coll. College Words (rev. ed.) 124 [A young man from the country] shall be examined and ‘conditioned’ in everything, and yet he shall come out far ahead of his city Latin-school class~mate.
1959 C. V. Good Dict. Educ. (ed. 2) 311/2 Latin grammar school, a secondary school, emphasizing Latin and usually Greek, the purpose of which was to prepare youths for the universities.
1966 Oxf. Compan. Amer. Hist. 462/2 Latin grammar schools, the earliest type of college preparatory schools in the colonies, were established on the English model. The first, the Boston Latin School (1635), is still one of the principal schools in that city.
1966 Oxf. Compan. Amer. Hist. 463/1 By mid 18th century Latin schools were supplanted by academies.
Latin schoolhouse n.
ΚΠ
1687 Mass. Prov. Acts VII. 640 To meet on the Sabbath daye to exercise our duties in the Lattin Schoolhouse.
1819 Boston Selectmen's Min. 13 Oct. The Committee for the Latin schoolhouse.
Latin schoolmaster n.
ΚΠ
1701 Boston Town Rec. VIII. 8 The building a house for the Lattin Schoolmaster.
Latin-wit n. Obsolete wit that depends for its quality on being expressed in Latin.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > understanding > intelligence, cleverness > wit, wittiness > [noun] > particular kinds of wit
bavin wits1598
Attic salt1633
water-wit1658
Latin-wit1670
sheer wit1672
sea-wit1695
razor wit1786
1670 J. Eachard Grounds Contempt of Clergy 36 Such things as these go for Wit so long as they continue in Latin; but what dismally shrimp'd things would they appear, if turn'd into English? And..we shall find the advantages of Latin-Wit to be very small and slender, when it comes into the World.

Special uses

Phrases. Latin cross: see cross n. 18 Latin square [named (as French quarré (now carré) latin) by Euler 1782, in Verh. uitgegeven door het Zeeuwsch Genootschap d. Wetensch. te Vlissingen IX. 90, from the fact that letters of the Latin alphabet were used in forming it] (see quot. 1890 for Latin square n.); used as the basis of experimental procedures in which it is desired to control or allow for two sources of variability while investigating a third; hence used attributively (also absol.) to designate such a procedure.
Latin cross n.
ΚΠ
1797 T. Holcroft tr. F. L. Stolberg Trav. (ed. 2) II. xlvi. 114 The long cross..has been called the Latin cross.
1936 A. W. Clapham Romanesque Archit. W. Europe ii. 25 Although occasionally..the transept is of the T-form of the earlier ages, more generally the arrangement takes the Latin-cross form distinctive of the full Romanesque style.
1966 Listener 9 June 835/2 It is a Latin-cross church.
1966 Listener 9 June 835/2 A Latin cross is a more obviously Christian symbol than a regular geometric figure.
Latin square n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > number > probability or statistics > [noun] > groups or arrangements of data > statistical table
Latin square1890
1890 A. Cayley Coll. Math. Papers (1897) XIII. 55 If in each line of a square of n2 compartments the same n letters a, b, c,..are arranged so that no letter occurs twice in the same column, we have what was termed by Euler ‘a Latin square.’
1925 R. A. Fisher Statist. Methods viii. 229 (heading) The Latin square.
1926 R. A. Fisher in Jrnl. Ministry of Agric. XXXIII. 510 For the purpose of variety trials, and of those simple types of manurial trial in which every possible comparison is of equal importance, the problem of designing economical and effective field experiments, reduces to two main principles..[of which the second is] the use of arrangements which eliminate a maximum fraction of the soil heterogeneity, and yet provide a valid estimate of the residual errors. Of these arrangements, by far the most efficient..is that which the writer has named the Latin Square.
1926 R. A. Fisher in Jrnl. Ministry of Agric. XXXIII. 510 The term Latin Square should only be applied to a process of randomization by which one is selected at random out of the total number of Latin Squares possible.
1935 R. A. Fisher Design Exper. v. 80 The object of arranging plots in a Latin square is to eliminate from the experimental comparisons possible differences in fertility which may exist between whole rows of plots, and between whole columns of plots, as they stand in the field.
1960 D. J. Finney Introd. Theory Exper. Design iii. 30 Four different doses of insulin..were tested on rabbits and compared in terms of the subsequent sugar contents in the rabbits' blood... There is..a strong case for using rabbits as blocks and testing each dose, on different occasions on every rabbit. In addition, however, a block constraint based upon day of injection, so that on each day every dose is tested, is a useful precaution against the possibility that laboratory conditions on a particular day may tend to affect all animals in the same direction. A 4 × 4 Latin square with columns corresponding to different rabbits and rows corresponding to different days, enables both constraints to be incorporated.
1971 Nature 13 Aug. 499/1 On drug weeks each of six rats received one of six doses, each in a different order (latin-square design).
1971 Nature 13 Aug. 499/1 An additional 6·0 mg/kg dose was administered to all subjects during the week after the completion of the latin-square.

Draft additions 1997

a. Of or pertaining to those countries of Central, North, and South America in which Spanish or Portuguese is the dominant language, spec. as Latin America. Cf. Latin American adj. a.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > named regions of earth > America > Central and South America > [noun] > countries where Spanish is spoken
Latin America1890
1890 Reciprocity Treaties with Lat. Amer. (U.S. Dept. of State) 6 More than 87 per cent of our imports from Latin America are admitted free.
1900 Jrnl. Soc. Arts 17 Aug. 744/1 Everywhere in Latin America the [panama] hat is known under the name of ‘Jipijapa’ in honour of the city where its manufacture was first started.
1912 Chambers's Jrnl. June 358/2 The amount of British capital invested in the countries of Latin-America is very great.
1953 Time 19 Oct. 28/1 Latin America is in the midst of a ‘population explosion’. Its people are multiplying 2½ times as fast as the populations in the rest of the world.
1991 M. Hart in Hampson & Maule Canada among Nations After Cold War 91 From an economic perspective, the remarkable ‘apertura’ in Mexico marked a high point in this transformation of Latin America.
b. Designating the characteristics of temperament or behaviour popularly attributed to European or American peoples speaking languages developed from Latin: proud, passionate, impetuous, showy in appearance, etc. Sometimes somewhat dismissive.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > pride > [adjective]
highOE
rankOE
proudOE
quaint?c1225
stoutc1315
proud-heartedc1400
gobbedc1440
pridyc1485
high-minded?1503
superb1561
proud-heart1591
tiptoe1593
sublime1596
high-headed1599
magnificent1603
side1673
vaunty1724
perked-up1754
spicy1768
jelly1828
Latin1914
the mind > emotion > passion > [adjective] > characterized by passion
passionalc1443
passionatea1586
pathetical1596
compassionful1604
pathetic1648
fevered1744
inflammatory1874
full-hearted1876
Latin1914
the mind > emotion > excitement > excitability of temperament > impetuosity > [adjective]
brothc1175
impetuous1398
headya1425
brainish1530
hot-brained1556
hot-headed1603
flashy1632
hot-reined1635
scapperboiling1673
warm1749
étourdi1750
torrentuous1840
impulsive1847
unpoised1872
torrential1877
Latin1914
the mind > attention and judgement > beauty > splendour > [adjective] > of fine or gay appearance > specifically of immaterial things or persons
showy1697
Latin1914
1914 W. Lewis in New Weekly 20 June 13/2 For everything that is rubbishy puerile in the Latin temperament machinery has come as an immense toy.
1956 A. Wilson Anglo-Saxon Attitudes ii. ii. 278 Sensual and elegant though Gerald was, he detested the flashy smartness of such Latin womanizers.
1970 Times 19 Aug. 6/4 The weakness of every Yorkshireman is his Latin temperament, doubly dangerous when it has so often to be suppressed, as in..cricket.
1981 V. Glendinning Edith Sitwell iv. 61 He was extrovert, physical, unstable, and very Latin.
1989 Sunday Tel. 8 Jan. 17/1 His first language was Spanish and, not surprisingly, he describes his temperament as Latin. A proud man, he likes to be seen to succeed.

Draft additions 1997

a. elliptical for Latin American adj. a.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > named regions of earth > America > Central and South America > [adjective] > of Latin American countries
Latin1954
1954 M. Waldo Compl. Round-the-World Cookbk. 361 The wonderful soup-stew of the Latin countries, sancocho, is undoubtedly the [Dominican Republic] people's choice for a national dish.
1977 Time 22 Aug. 11/3 Carter's early forcefulness..drove six Latin countries..to reject U.S. military assistance rather than agree to prepare ‘report cards’ for Washington on human rights.
1994 Wall St. Jrnl. 25 Feb. c19/3 Sharp price drops of U.S. Treasurys sparked a sell-off among the government bonds of Latin nations, including Mexico, Argentina, and Venezuela.
b. Of, pertaining to, or characteristic of Latin American music or dance (see Compounds 1, Compounds 2 below). Cf. also Latin American adj. b.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > music > type of music > pop music > [adjective] > qualities of pop
metal?1518
anthemic1890
Afro-Latin-American1900
sun-kissed1907
heavy1937
Latin American1937
Memphis1938
sun-drenched1943
indie1945
rockish1955
hardcore1957
doo-wop1958
middle of the road1959
Latin1962
straight-ahead1964
easy listening1965
Motown1965
funky1967
post-rock1967
rocky1967
rock-out1968
funkadelic1969
funked out1970
grungy1971
punk1971
grunge1972
Philly1972
dub1973
drum and bass1975
disco funky1976
punkish1976
reggaefied1976
Britpop1977
post-punk1977
anarcho-punk1979
rap1980
trash rock1980
crunchy1981
industrial1981
New Romantic1981
rockist1981
garage1982
hip-hop1982
thrashy1982
urban1982
Gothic1983
hip-hopping1983
beat-box1984
lo-fi1986
technoid1986
hip-house1987
acid house1988
new jack1988
old school1988
techno1988
baggy1990
banging1990
gangsta1990
filthy1991
handbaggy1991
nu skool1991
sampladelic1991
junglist1993
society > leisure > dancing > types of dance or dancing > ballroom dancing > [adjective] > Latin-American
Latin American1937
Latin1990
1962 ‘K. Orvis’ Damned & Destroyed iv. 30 The pianos segued smoothly into Latin rhythms.
1965 Crescendo Dec. 14/3 The arrangements are all in the Latin idiom and all of well-known tunes, getting off to a really swinging start with a L-A ‘Peter Gunn’ you must hear.
1969 Sunday Times 19 Jan. 58 This quintet..could begin a rush to what's been called Latin rock—a striking compound of bossa nova, rock and jazz.
1973 D. Robinson Rotten with Honour 8 He stood for a moment in the sunshine, snapping his fingers to a Latin beat.
1980 Musicians Only 26 Apr. 13/6 There's a Sonor drumkit, syndrums, and a whole range of Latin percussion.
1990 Ballroom Dancing Times Nov. 55/2 In the Latin championship for this age group Frank and Lily Aerts very easily retained their title.

Draft additions 1997

A style of popular music, originating in Latin America (esp. among Afro-Americans of Cuba and Brazil), characterized by its dance rhythms and by extensive use of indigenous percussive intruments such as the cowbell and conga drum.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > music > type of music > pop music > [noun] > other pop music
a cappella1905
soundclash1925
marabi1933
doo-wop1958
filk1959
folk-rock1963
Liverpool sound1963
Mersey beat1963
Mersey sound1963
surf music1963
malombo1964
mbaqanga1964
easy listening1965
disco music1966
Motown1966
boogaloo1967
power pop1967
psychedelia1967
yé-yé1967
agitpop1968
bubblegum1968
Tamla Motown1968
Tex-Mex1968
downtempo1969
taarab1969
thrash1969
world music1969
funk1970
MOR1970
tropicalism1970
Afrobeat1971
electro-pop1971
post-rock1971
techno-pop1971
Tropicalia1971
tropicalismo1971
disco1972
Krautrock1972
schlager1973
Afropop1974
punk funk1974
disco funk1975
Europop1976
mgqashiyo1976
P-funk1976
funkadelia1977
karaoke music1977
alternative music1978
hardcore1978
psychobilly1978
punkabilly1978
R&B1978
cowpunk1979
dangdut1979
hip-hop1979
Northern Soul1979
rap1979
rapping1979
jit1980
trance1980
benga1981
New Romanticism1981
post-punk1981
rap music1981
scratch1982
scratch-music1982
synth-pop1982
electro1983
garage1983
Latin1983
Philly1983
New Age1984
New Age music1985
ambient1986
Britpop1986
gangster rap1986
house1986
house music1986
mbalax1986
rai1986
trot1986
zouk1986
bhangra1987
garage1987
hip-house1987
new school1987
old school1987
thrashcore1987
acid1988
acid house1988
acid jazz1988
ambience1988
Cantopop1988
dance1988
deep house1988
industrial1988
swingbeat1988
techno1988
dream pop1989
gangsta rap1989
multiculti1989
new jack swing1989
noise-pop1989
rave1989
Tejano1989
breakbeat1990
chill-out music1990
indie1990
new jack1990
new jill swing1990
noisecore1990
baggy1991
drum and bass1991
gangsta1991
handbag house1991
hip-pop1991
loungecore1991
psychedelic trance1991
shoegazing1991
slowcore1991
techno-house1991
gabba1992
jungle1992
sadcore1992
UK garage1992
darkcore1993
dark side1993
electronica1993
G-funk1993
sampladelia1994
trip hop1994
break1996
psy-trance1996
nu skool1997
folktronica1999
dubstep2002
Bongo Flava2003
grime2003
Bongo2004
singeli2015
1983 R. L. Singer in Latin Amer. Mus. Rev. 4 ii. 196 The factors that define a style as Latin jazz as opposed to other types of Latin.
1989 Q Dec. 199/1 Take the coverage of the Springfields...O'Brien suggests their peppy brand of folk, Latin and supper-club swing prefigured today's world music.
1991 Straight No Chaser Winter 58/1 Check..The Drum and Monkey Sats for eclectic jazz through Latin into soulful grooves.
1994 Keyboard Player Sept. 29/1 The KN1200 provides 100 on-board styles, covering a territory from simple 8-beat rock, country rock, to standard issue Latin, and jazz.

Draft additions April 2002

Latin lover n. (a) slang a pimp (rare); (b) sometimes depreciative, a southern European or Latin American man stereotypically characterized as having a romantic, passionate temperament and great sexual prowess.
ΚΠ
1935 A. J. Pollock Underworld Speaks 69/2 Latin lover, a pimp.
1941 T. R. Ybarra Young Man of Caracas xxi. 319 Exactly as she had attracted and tamed Alejandro Ybarra, her ardent Latin lover.
1974 A. Curry Hunt for Danger i. 11 He knew how to put on the Latin lover act.
1995 Eightdays a Week 20 May 13/4 Depp..believes he is in fact Don Juan DeMarco, the Latin lover who made so many women purr.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1902; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

Latinv.

Etymology: < Latin n.
Obsolete.
1.
a. transitive. To render or turn into Latin.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > meaning > explanation, exposition > translation > translate [verb (transitive)] > into particular language
to make EnglishOE
Englisha1450
Latin1563
Latinize1589
Germanize1605
Scottish1623
Englify1688
anglicize1711
romance1796
Saxonize1804
Scotticize1809
Syriacize1863
French1868
Sanskritize1881
1563 L. Humfrey (title) The Nobles or of Nobilitye... Whereto for the readers commoditye,..is coupled the small treatyse of Philo a Jewe. By the same Author out of the Greeke Latined.
1584 R. Scot Discouerie Witchcraft vi. i. 111 Chasaph, being an Hebrue word, is Latined Veneficium.
1670 J. Eachard Grounds Contempt of Clergy 31 He hales in all Proverbs,..Tales..ready latin'd to his hand out of Licosthenes.
1678 R. Cudworth True Intellect. Syst. Universe i. i. 5 That of the Greek Poet, Latin'd by Cicero.
b. to Latin it: to speak or write Latin.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [verb (intransitive)] > use Latin
to Latin it1581
1581 R. Mulcaster Positions i. 3 Though he thinke he haue the habite, & can Latin it exceading well.
2. To interlard with Latin. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [verb (transitive)] > interlard with Latin
Latin1553
1553 T. Wilson Arte of Rhetorique 86 b The..foolishe phantasticall that smelles but of learnyng..will so latine their tongues, that the simple cannot but wonder at their talke.

Derivatives

ˈLatined adj. versed in Latin.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [adjective] > Indo-European > Italic > of or relating to Latin > having knowledge of
Latined1591
1591 R. Percyvall Bibliotheca Hispanica Gram. sig. E2 That the Latined Reader, may be the sooner acquainted with this toong..let him marke this table following, which I set downe in Latine.
ˈLatining n.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > meaning > explanation, exposition > translation > [noun] > into particular languages
EnglishOE
Englishinga1425
Latining1579
Latinization1830
Scottification1830
1579 W. Fulke Confut. Treat. N. Sander in D. Heskins Ouerthrowne 626 He chargeth the bishop with false Latining and worse Englishing of this greeke.
1893 F. J. Furnivall in J. Capgrave Life St. Katherine p. xxiv I don't think Prata above can be a latining of Akker, acre, field.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1902; most recently modified version published online June 2021).
<
adj.n.c950v.1553
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