ledgern.adj.

Brit.

/ˈlɛdʒə/, U.S.

/ˈlɛdʒər/

Forms: (Middle English legerd), Middle English–1800s legger, 1500s ledgar, leadger, lydger, lydgear, ligear, ligier, legior, 1500s–1600s lidger, liger, legier, 1500s–1700s lieger, leager, 1500s–1800s leger, leiger, 1600s leidger, liedger, leeger, legar, lyger, leig-, lieg-, leag-, lidgier, ligyor, legyor, 1500s– ledger.

Etymology: The senses represent Dutch ligger and legger , < liggen , leggen , lie v.¹, lay v.¹ The English forms lidger , ledger , cannot be direct adoptions of the Dutch words, but may be formations on English liggen , leggen , dialect forms of lie v.¹, lay v.¹ + -er suffix¹, in imitation of these.

A. n.

1. A book that lies permanently in some place.

†a. gen. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > book > kind of book > size of book > [noun] > large book > that lies on desk or table

coucher1519

ledgerc1600

c1600 Wriothesley's Chron. Eng. (1875) I. 85 The curates should provide a booke of the bible in Englishe, of the largest volume, to be a lidger in the same church for the parishioners to read on.

†b. spec. A large copy of the Breviary. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > artefacts > book (general) > breviary or office book > [noun] > large

ledger1401

coucher1444

ledger-book1553

1401 in J. H. Wylie Hist. Eng. Henry IV IV. 198 [Items of expenditure] 19 portos, 3 liggers.

1444 in Dugdale's Monasticon VI. 1427 Duo portiphoria..alias nuncupata lyggers.

1481 in E. Hobhouse Church-wardens' Accts. (1890) 112 To John Brene writer on part of payment for the legger the x day of June..£iij. vj^s viii^d.

1484 in E. Hobhouse Church-wardens' Accts. (1890) 115 Payd to the Scryvener for the legerd..xxj^s.

1496 Will of John Howneslowe (P.R.O.: PROB. 11/10) f. 249 Portiferium alias vocat Legger.

1530 Abp. Warham in Wills Doctors' Commons (Camden) 23 Omnes libros meos vocatos ledgers, grayles, et antiphonaria.

1691 A. Wood Athenæ Oxonienses I. 572 The said Archb. [Warham] left all his..Ledgers, Grayles and Antiphonals to Wykeham Coll.

†c. A record-book; a register. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > record > written record > register or record book > [noun]

Domesday Book1178

registera1325

bookc1405

red book?1445

registery1483

regesture1526

registrya1529

enroll1533

ledger1550

ledger-book1553

registry book1562

by-book1593

regest1670

registrary1696

hall-book1746

blotter1887

1550 in Acts Privy Council (1891) III. 3 To..enter..all such decrees, determinacions, and other thinges..in a booke, to remaigne alwaies as a leger.

1553 S. Cabot in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations (1589) i. 259 To put the same into a common leger, to remaine of record for the companie.

1635 A. Gil Sacred Philos. Holy Script. viii. xxxiv. 136 Some Liger, or booke of record, wherein such memorable things were written..as might serue for remembrance to future ages.

a1647 T. Habington Surv. Worcs. (Worcs. Hist. Soc.) (1895) I. i. 34 I was suffered by a speciall frynd to see the Legers of the churche of Worcester.

1666 A. Wood Life 25 June Perused the evidences of Queen's Coll., and afterwards a leiger, or transcript of all the evidences.

d. Commerce. The principal book of the ‘set of books’ ordinarily employed for recording mercantile transactions.Its distinctive feature is that its contents consist of ‘debtor-and-creditor accounts’. Usually each person (or firm) with whom the trader has business relations has an account in the ledger, headed with his name, and showing the sums charged to his debit on the left page or half-page, and on the right those credited to him. In the system of ‘double entry’ the ledger includes other accounts of similar form to these, but headed with the designations of certain branches or subdivisions of the trader's own business.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > management of money > keeping accounts > account or statement of > [noun] > account book > ledger

ledger-book1553

ledger1588

great book1621

post-book1714

general ledger1732

1588 H. Oldcastle & J. Mellis Briefe Instr. Accompts sig. Civ^v After you haue thus sette euery parcell orderly in your Iournal, then it behoueth you to take out the said parcelles, and compile and indite them into the third booke, called the Leager, which commonly is made of double so many leaues as is the Iournall.

1663 S. Pepys Diary 7 Jan. (1971) IV. 7 So to my office all the morning, signing the Treasurers ledger.

1679 R. Chamberlain Accomptants Guide Pref. At the end of the Leager there is a ballance of the Leager.

1727 D. Defoe Compl. Eng. Tradesman (ed. 2) I. Suppl. iii. 127 'Tis usual to mark the Ledgers alphabetically, thus, Ledger No. A.

1783 E. Burke Rep. Affairs India in Wks. (1819) XI. 291 The journals and legers of the Treasury.

1839 C. Dickens Nicholas Nickleby xvi. 140 He had a thick ledger lying open before him.

1873 P. G. Hamerton Intellect. Life (1875) x. viii. 379 The mind is like a merchant's ledger, it requires to be continually posted up to the latest date.

figurative.1809–10 S. T. Coleridge Friend (1818) III. 315 An improved system of book-keeping for the ledgers of calculating self-love.

a. A horizontal timber in a scaffolding, lying parallel to the face of the building and supporting the putlogs. (Cf. ligger n.¹ 2.)

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > ladder > scaffolding > [noun] > part of > pole > horizontal

ligger1500

overligger1511

overlier1554

ledger1571

putlog1645

1571 Stanford Churchwardens' Accts. in Antiquary (1888) 17 170/1 It. for iiij^e prays & a hundreth lydgers xijd.

1700 Moxon's Mech. Exercises: Bricklayers-wks. 14 Timber, or short Poles..from the Ledgers into their Brickwork.

1703 R. Neve City & Countrey Purchaser 231 In Building of Scaffolds..the Ledgers..are those pieces that lie Parallel to the side of the Building.

1823 P. Nicholson New Pract. Builder 303 A frame of wood, braced with strong pieces of timber, and secured by ledgers and feet.

1883 Law Times Rep. 49 139/1 The scaffolding was constructed of five..uprights and one ledger, this ledger being only two boards wide instead of five.

b. In Thatching, a wooden rod laid across the thatch to hold it in place. Cf. legget n.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > building and constructing equipment > [noun] > thatching equipment > rod for fastening down thatch

spelk1563

springle1657

thatching-rod1703

spar1746

spear1837

spick1890

thatch-rod1903

ledger1916

ligger1953

1916 C. F. Innocent Devel. Eng. Building Constr. xiii. 196 After the ‘yelms’ are laid, a ledger, that is, a pointed stick, is thrust into the straw, the length of it being carried across three or four ‘yelms’ and tied to the rafters at the opposite end.

1916 C. F. Innocent Devel. Eng. Building Constr. xiii. 198 This method of securing thatch by rods laid across it is..that most generally used in England. The rods, or ‘ledgers,’ may be either tied or ‘sewn’ to the rafters, or they may be held down by ‘broaches’.

1949 H. L. Edlin Woodland Crafts in Brit. xi. 67 In most parts of Britain thatching materials are secured to the roofs of thatched houses or stacks by narrow pegs of wood, usually hazel. One common name for these is spars, but they have many others... Withynecks, ledgers and roovers have all been recorded.

1959 G. Hogg Country Crafts 123 The ‘diamond’ pattern which a thatcher produces by laying strips of cleft hazel or other thin wood, which he refers to as ‘ledgers’, criss-cross along the roof a little below the ridge on each side.

3. A flat stone slab covering a grave.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > death > disposal of corpse > burial > grave or burial-place > [noun] > stone covering grave

stone1303

gravestone1387

through-stonea1400

througha1425

burial-stone?a1500

trough1501

ledgerc1510

tombstone?1520

lair-stone1538

humeta1647

plank1660

ledger-stone1851

flatstone1855

grave-cover1875

hogback1889

c1510 Contr. for tomb Hen. VII in Britton Arch. Antiq. (1809) II. 21 100 foote of blacke towchestone is sufficient for the legger and the base of the said tombe.

1852 J. L. Chester Westm. Abbey Reg. (1876) 514 (note) Buried in the North Cloister of Westminster Abbey, under a black marble ledger, close to the North wall.

1883 C. Kerry Hist. Ch. St. Lawrence, Reading 136 The old ledger on which Barton's brass was laid.

1890 Archaeol. Jrnl. 47 100 A ledger in the chancel at Burton commemorates Sir William Goring.

4. The nether millstone. Now dialect.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation of grain > milling or grinding > [noun] > corn-mill > millstone > lower

ledger1533

ledger-millstone1548

lying-stone1674

1533 J. Heywood Play of Wether sig. Ciii^v Fere not the lydger be ware your ronner..Perchaunce your lydger doth lacke good peckyng.

1686 R. Plot Nat. Hist. Staffs. iv. 170 The Molecop-stone being always the runner, and the Darby-shire stone, the Legier.

1825 ‘J. Nicholson’ Operative Mechanic 451 The bed of masonry which supports the legger.

5. Angling. Short for ledger-bait n. at Compounds 2.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > hunting > fishing > fishing-tackle > means of attracting fish > [noun] > bait > still-bait

ledger1653

ledger-bait1653

still-bait1888

1653 I. Walton Compl. Angler vii. 149 You may fish for a Pike, either with a ledger, or a walking-bait; and you are to note that I call that a ledger which is fix'd, or made to rest in one certaine place when you shall be absent.

1859 S. C. Hall & A. M. Hall Bk. Thames 278 The usual practice is to fish for barbel with the ledger.

1882 Daily Tel. 28 Oct. 2/4 The only chance is to fish with a leger on the submerged banks in the eddies for roach.

6. An ordinary or resident ambassador; also, a papal nuncio. Obsolete exc. Historical in form lieger.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > politics > international politics or relations > diplomacy > [noun] > ambassador or envoy > resident ambassador

ambassador1524

ledger1548

ledger-ambassador (also ambassador ledger)1550

resident ambassador?1551

ambassador extraordinary1603

embassador1603

society > faith > church government > member of the clergy > clerical superior > pope > offices or officials > [noun] > secretary

apocrisiary?a1475

nuncio1512

ledger1548

nunce1566

responsal1570

nuntiusc1600

1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VIII f. clviii Y^e viscount Rochforth retorned into England, & so did the bishop of Bathe shortly after, leauyng sir Anthony Broune behind for a ligier.

1570 J. Foxe Actes & Monumentes (rev. ed.) I. f. 366/2 The Realme was neuer lightly without some of the Popes liegers withall violence exacting and extorting continuall prouisions contributions, [etc.].

1577 R. Holinshed Chron. II. 1538/2 The Bishoppe of Bath..lay there, for the king as legier.

1599 R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations (new ed.) II. i. 165 (heading) William Harborne was sent first Ambassadour vnto Sultan Murad Can..with whom he continued as her Majesties Ligier almost sixe yeeres.

1605 F. Bacon Of Aduancem. Learning ii. sig. Bbb3 A Nuntio of the pope, returning from a certayne Nation, where hee serued as lidger .

1630 M. Godwin tr. F. Godwin Ann. Eng. i. 64 Prat Leiger here for the Emperor,..without leaue withdrew himselfe from Court.

a1639 J. Spottiswood Hist. Church Scotl. (1655) vi. 351 By a letter sent from Mr. Archibald Douglas that stayed as Lieger in England, he found him not well disposed in the businesse.

1655 T. Fuller Church-hist. Brit. iii. 63 A Nuncio differed from a Legate, almost as a Lieger from an extraordinary Ambassadour.

1855 D. Costello Stories from Screen 3 I was then—as I am now—the lieger of the house of Nidau.

7. transferred and figurative.

a. A (permanent) representative; a commissioner; an agent; also, an ‘ambassador of the Gospel’. Obsolete or archaic in form lieger.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > delegated authority > one having delegated or derived authority > [noun] > delegate

delegatea1475

ledger1606

1606 T. Dekker Newes from Hell sig. D2^v The Pox lyes there as deaths Legyer.

1611 W. Barksted Hiren sig. B3 But sighes he sends out on this embassie, Liegers that dye ere they returne againe.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Measure for Measure (1623) iii. i. 56 Lord Angelo hauing affaires to heauen Intends you for his swift Ambassador, Where you shall be an euerlasting Leiger .

1619 H. Hutton Follie's Anat. sig. A7 He..like a ledger at the Tables end, Takes place for an inuited friend.

1628 O. Felltham Resolves: 2nd Cent. xii. sig. K^v Euery good man is a Leiger heere for Heauen.

1651 Bp. J. Taylor Clerus Domini 20 God sent at first Embassadours extraordinary and then left his Leigers in his Church for ever.

1664 S. Butler Hudibras: Second Pt. ii. iii. 141 Has not this present Parliament A Ledger to the Devil sent, Fully impowr'd to treat about Finding revolted Witches out?

1673 J. Flavell Fountain of Life viii. 93 The Mediator that made it, lies as a lidger in Heaven to maintain it for ever; and prevent new jarrs.

1791 W. Cowper tr. Homer Iliad in Iliad & Odyssey I. xxiv. 171 Mark me,—I come, a lieger sent from Jove [Gk. Διὸς δέ τοι ἄγγελος εἶμι].

†b. One who is permanently or constantly in a place; a resident. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabitant > [noun]

maneOE

wonnera1340

dwellera1382

livera1382

indweller1382

resiant1405

inhabitor1413

inhabitera1425

tenanta1425

abider1440

citizenc1450

inhabitant1462

resident1463

denizen1474

inhabitator?a1475

mansionarya1475

habitant1490

incolera1513

occupier?1542

land-occupier1576

residentiary1581

burgessa1586

incolant1596

consistorian1599

ledger1600

resider1632

residenter1644

habitator1646

endwellera1649

incolary1652

incolist1657

insetter1712

houser1871

1600 B. Jonson Every Man out of his Humor iv. iii. sig. M Hee's a Lieger at Hornes Ordinarie yonder.

1611 J. Speed Hist. Great Brit. vii. xliv. 376/2 King Ethelred thus rid of these his vnlooked for guests, sought to remoue those leigers that lay in Cumberland.

1615 Bp. J. Hall Imprese of God ii, in Recoll. Treat. 671 All Palestine..was but (as Ierom which was a lieger there) reckons it, an 160. miles long.

1650 T. Fuller Pisgah-sight of Palestine iii. 428 Seeing it is said of Anna..that she departed not from the Temple, it will be enquired whether any women were constantly Leigers to live therein.

a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) Eng. 4 Of these wonders, some were transient,.. others Liegers and Permanent.

†c. Welsh ledger: ? ‘a jocular name for the cuckoo’ (Nares). Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1608 T. Middleton Your Fiue Gallants sig. I^v Fits...Your deuice here is a Cuckow sitting on a tree. Frip. The Welsh Lidger, good.

B. adj.

I. In attributive use.

†1. ledger-ambassador (also ambassador ledger): resident or ordinary ambassador. So ledger Jesuit. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > politics > international politics or relations > diplomacy > [noun] > ambassador or envoy > resident ambassador

ambassador1524

ledger1548

ledger-ambassador (also ambassador ledger)1550

resident ambassador?1551

ambassador extraordinary1603

embassador1603

society > faith > church government > monasticism > religious order > Society of Jesus > [noun] > member of > resident in specific place

ledger Jesuit1550

1550 King Edward VI Jrnl. in Lit. Rem. (Roxb.) 258 That Sir John Mason shuld be embassadour ligier.

1577 R. Holinshed Hist. Scotl. 470/2 in Chron. I Monsieur Doysell, Liger Ambassador for the Frenche Kyng.

1606 True Relation Proc. at Arraignm. Late Traitors 32 Baldwin the Ligier Jesuite in Flaunders.

1615 G. Sandys Relation of Journey 85 The Kings of England and of France haue here their Ledger Embassadours.

1630 J. Wadsworth Eng. Spanish Pilgrime (new ed.) i. 2 His Majesty sent him with his first Ambassador Legier..into Spaine.

a1670 J. Hacket Scrinia Reserata (1693) i. 120 The leiger Embassador of the Catholick King.

a1754 T. Carte Gen. Hist. Eng. (1755) IV. 111 A duplicate of the order [was] sent to Sir Walter Aston, the lieger embassador.

a1754 S. Johnson Dict. Eng. Lang. Leger, any thing that lies in a place; as, a leger ambassador.

figurative and in extended use.1614 in T. Overbury et al. Wife now Widdow Newes of my Morning Worke sig. H2^v Sleep is deaths Leger Embassador [1615 (12th impr.) Leiger-Ambassadour].1636 A. Cade Serm. Necess. for these Times 10 Gods Lieger Ambassadour residing in our hearts.1649 Bp. J. Taylor Great Exemplar Pref. §45 Christ having left his Ministers as Lieger Embassadours to signifie and publish the Lawes of Jesus.

†2. Remaining in a place; resident; permanent; stationary. Also figurative constantly in use; said, e.g. of a joke, ‘standing’, ‘stock’. ledger side: the side on which something lies. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > absence of movement > [adjective] > remaining in one place

stablea1400

dormantc1440

standing1469

remanent?a1475

ledger1547

fixed1559

restiff1578

statary1581

permanent1588

consistent1604

stationary1631

fundamental1633

resident1653

sedentary1667

statual1752

loco-restive1796

untransmigrated1821

stabile1896

static1910

sessile1917

the world > space > relative position > quality of having sides or being a side > [noun] > fact of having distinct sides > one or other side or hand > side on which something lies

ledger side1654

the mind > emotion > pleasure > laughter > causing laughter > [adjective] > humorous or jesting > other qualities of jests or humour

unwormwooded1628

ledger1655

canny1874

heavy-handed1910

off-colour1915

Dad and Dave1935

sick1959

observational1981

1547 Injunct. Edw. VI in Kitchin Winchester Docum. (1889) I. 184 iiij legior bybles to be hadde continually within the Churche.

1642 T. Fuller Holy State iv. xxi. 354 How mercifull is he to such who not out of leigier malice, but sudden passion may chance to shed bloud!

1654 E. Gayton Pleasant Notes Don Quixot i. viii. 28 Like a bruised Codling Apple a little corrupted on the Leiger side.

1655 T. Fuller Hist. Univ. Cambr. viii. 156 in Church-hist. Brit. Their habits, gestures, language, lieger-jests, and expressions.

a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) Kent 59 The great Soveraign built at Dulwich [in later edd. corrected Woolwich], a Lieger-ship for State is the greatest Ship our Island ever saw.

1662 E. Stillingfleet Origines Sacræ ii. iv. §8 God had a kind of Leiger-Prophets among his people.

1702 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion I. v. 418 This Petition, deliver'd publickly, and read..by their Leiger Committee.

3. Music. ledger line n. one of the short lines added temporarily above and below the stave to accommodate notes in a passage which cannot be contained by the usual five lines. They are numbered from the stave upward and downward, 1st, 2nd, 3rd, etc. ledger lines above or below. Also ledger space, a space between two ledger lines or between the stave and the 1st ledger line.[The origin of this use is not clear; perhaps the word may be the noun used attributively with allusion to sense A. 2. The common statement that it represents the French léger light, slight, is baseless.]

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > written or printed music > notation > [noun] > stave > lines of stave

rulec1475

line1602

ledger line1697

society > leisure > the arts > music > written or printed music > notation > [noun] > stave > spaces in stave

spacea1450

ledger space1818

1697 Playford's Introd. Skill Musick (ed. 13) i. 6 And then you add a Line or two to the five Lines as the Song requires, those Lines so added being called Ledger-Lines.

1775 J. Ash New Dict. Eng. Lang. Leg'erline,..a line above or below the five to receive an ascending or descending note.

1793 Trans. Soc. Arts (ed. 2) 5 125 The ledger or occasional lines, drawn through the heads of the notes.

1818 T. Busby Gram. Music 20 The situation of G in the first ledger space, being higher than any within the stave, that note is called G in alt.

1879 C. J. Evans Let. in Musical Times 1 June 327 A ledger line has never been typographically either lighter in shade or thinner in substance than its accompanying stave lines.

II. In predicative use, esp. in to be, lie ledger. (In many cases the word may be taken either as noun or adjective.)

4. Resident in the capacity of ambassador, commissioner or agent. Obsolete exc. archaic.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > politics > international politics or relations > diplomacy > act or serve as diplomat [verb (intransitive)] > be resident as ambassador

to be, lie ledger1560

lydgea1618

society > authority > rule or government > politics > international politics or relations > diplomacy > [adjective] > of or relating to ambassador > resident as

ledger1560

1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. cxiij^v His Ambassadour that was ledger at Rome.

a1635 R. Corbet Poems (1807) 121 He was Natures factour here, And legier lay for every sheire.

1642 W. Mountagu in Buccleuch MSS (Hist. MSS Comm.) (1899) I. 300 The Committee that are to lie leiger there.

a1670 J. Hacket Scrinia Reserata (1693) i. 29 One that lay lieger at London for their dispatches.

1702 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion I. ii. 91 Those who..lay leiger for the Covenant, and kept up the spirits of their Country-men by Their intelligence.

1826 W. Scott Woodstock II. x. 260 He lies leaguer, as a sort of ambassador for his worthy masters.

†5. Lying or resting in a place, stationary; resident.

a. of persons.

ΚΠ

1600 E. Fairfax tr. T. Tasso Godfrey of Bulloigne i. lxx. 15 Returne not thou, but legier stay behinde.

1638 R. West To Pious Memory T. Randolph in T. Randolph Poems sig. ***2 For Humours to lye leidger they are seene.

1639 J. Shirley Ball v. sig. I Two or three English spies told us they had laine Leger three moneths to steale away the Piatzo, and ship It for Covent Garden.

a1656 J. Ussher Ann. World (1658) vi. 434 Astymedes remained Lieger at Rome, that he might know what things were transacted.

1660 J. Milton Readie Way Free Commonw. (ed. 2) 58 They meet not from so many parts remote to sit a whole year lieger in one place, only now and then..to convey each man his bean or ballot into the box.

b. of things. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > [adjective]

residentc1384

indwelling14..

lentc1400

resiant1433

mansionary1447

inhabitant1526

commorantc1534

demurrant1544

ledger1577

couchant1602

inhabitinga1617

residentiary1640

residenting1650

habitant1856

1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry i. f. 25 Wheate,..yf the ground be to riche where it is sowen, it wyll growe to ranke, and lye leadge [sic] vpon the grounde.

1611 T. Middleton & T. Dekker Roaring Girle sig. E4^v A name which Ide teare out From the hye Germaines throat, if it lay ledger there To dispatch priuy slanders against mee.

1639 T. Fuller Hist. Holy Warre i. xx. 32 Shiloh, where the Ark was long leiger.

1650 T. Fuller Pisgah-sight of Palestine ii. xiv. 300 These wise men..perceiving this to be..no light constantly Leiger in the skies, conclude it an extraordinary Embassadour sent upon some peculiar service.

a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) London 223 A rusty Musket, which had lien long Leger in his Shop.

Compounds

C1. General attributive.

a. (In sense A. 1d.)

ledger-account n.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > management of money > keeping accounts > account or statement of > [noun] > other types of statement

stewart-compt1580

book account1649

account stateda1683

ledger-account1738

bank statement1824

pay bill1828

cost sheet1840

average-statement1865

reconciliation statement1866

swindle sheet1906

exposure draft1971

1738 E. Chambers Cycl. (ed. 2) at Book Every article must be duly entered on the opposite side of the corresponding account in the ledger; with a reference to the ledger account of cash.

1902 G. H. Lorimer Lett. Merchant vi. 77 Some one who keeps separate ledger accounts for work and for fun.

1903 Daily Chron. 5 Jan. 5/5 It would be a bad day for loyalty when people considered loyalty as an item in the ledger account.

ledger-clerk n.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > management of money > keeping accounts > [noun] > keeper of accounts > book-keeper

breverc1475

bookkeeper1555

booker1883

ledger-clerk1887

1887 Times 10 Oct. 3/3 The prisoner, who was employed as a ledger clerk and accountant.

ledger-entry n.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > management of money > keeping accounts > account or statement of > [noun] > account book > entry in

brevementc1475

brument?1523

tot1529

score1600

ledger-entry1682

post1718

post entry1798

post1832

journal-entry1836

1682 J. Scarlett Stile of Exchanges 37 A formal Journal, or leidger Entry.

1849 J. H. Freese Commerc. Class-bk. 97 Forms of Ledger-Entries.

ledger-keeper n.

ΚΠ

1906 Daily Chron. 18 Sept. 3/5 A female ledger~keeper and accountant in one office worked for 6s. a week.

ledger-man n.

ΚΠ

1820 J. Keats Isabella in Lamia & Other Poems 58 How was it these same ledger-men could spy Fair Isabella in her downy nest?

ledger-scroll n.

ΚΠ

1949 M. L. Darling At Freedom's Door i. v. 116 Till two or three years ago..Hindu Bhats from Rajputana would come every year with their long ledger-scrolls to record in them any additions to the family.

ledger-work n.

ΚΠ

1908 Westm. Gaz. 24 Mar. 6/3 He came to Paris, learnt ledger-work, and obtained a situation in a banking-house.

ledger-like adj.

ΚΠ

1844 N. Hawthorne in U.S. Mag. & Democratic Rev. Mar. 269/1 A folio volume, of ledger-like size and aspect.

C2.

ledger-bait n. a fishing bait which is made to remain in one place (also attributive); so ledger-hook, ledger-line, ledger-tackle.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > hunting > fishing > fishing-tackle > [noun] > kind of

prick-tackle1463

ledger-tackle1653

fly-tackle1834

otter1834

bait-tackle1835

paternoster tackle1852

spinning-tackle1856

otter-line1862

traveller1864

skate1882

sea-ledger1887

otter1898

otter-board1901

ripper1925

salmon tackle-

the world > food and drink > hunting > fishing > fishing-tackle > fishing-line > [noun] > other types of line

ground-linea1450

ledger-line1653

gildert1681

kipping-linec1686

fly-line1706

night line1726

trout-line1789

train line1828

runner1835

salmon line1850

loop-line1859

stray-line1879

dandy-line1882

kelp line1884

cross-line1891

free line1913

flatline1950

multistrand1960

flatliner1984

the world > food and drink > hunting > fishing > fishing-tackle > means of attracting fish > [noun] > bait > still-bait

ledger1653

ledger-bait1653

still-bait1888

1653 I. Walton Compl. Angler vii. 149 Your ledger bait is best to be a living bait.

1653 I. Walton Compl. Angler vii. 153 Having given you this direction for the baiting your ledger hook with a live fish or frog.

1740 R. Brookes Art of Angling i. ii. 8 Ledger-Bait Angling is when the Bait always rests in one fixt and certain Place.

1867 F. Francis Bk. Angling i. 39 There are many places..which..can only be fished with ledger tackle.

1872 Echo 5 Aug. Heavy leger tackle.

1882 Ogilvie's Imperial Dict. (new ed.) Ledger-line,..a kind of tackle used in fishing for barbel and bream.

1883 Great Internat. Fisheries Exhib. Catal. 56 Spoon Baits, Paternosters, Ledger Lines.

ledger-blade n. in a cloth-shearing machine, the stationary straight-edged blade, placed as a tangent to and co-acting with a spiral blade on a cylinder, and used to trim the nap and reduce it to a uniform length.

ΚΠ

1839 A. Ure Dict. Arts 1323 The..fixed..or..ledger blade.

ledger-millstone n. = sense A. 4.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation of grain > milling or grinding > [noun] > corn-mill > millstone > lower

ledger1533

ledger-millstone1548

lying-stone1674

1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. Luke xvii. 140 To be cast headlong into the sea with a great lidger milstone tied about his necke.

ledger-pole n. = sense A. 2.

ΚΠ

1901 J. Black Illustr. Carpenter & Builder Ser.: Scaffolding 86 A combination of chains, clips, and screw bolts, used for securing a ledger-pole to standard.

ledger-stone n. = sense A. 3.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > death > disposal of corpse > burial > grave or burial-place > [noun] > stone covering grave

stone1303

gravestone1387

through-stonea1400

througha1425

burial-stone?a1500

trough1501

ledgerc1510

tombstone?1520

lair-stone1538

humeta1647

plank1660

ledger-stone1851

flatstone1855

grave-cover1875

hogback1889

1851 E. Moore in Fen & Marshland Ch. (1869) 3rd Ser. 65 Two stone coffins with the ledger stones belonging to them.

1894 A. Jessopp Random Roaming 188 Certain rather handsome ledger stones that were lying in the chancel.

ledger-wall n. = footwall n. at foot n. and int. Compounds 3.

ΚΠ

1881 Trans. Amer. Inst. Mining Engineers 1880–1 9 151 Ledger-wall, see Foot-wall.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1902; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	ledger
释义	ledgern.adj. Brit. /ˈlɛdʒə/, U.S. /ˈlɛdʒər/ Forms: (Middle English legerd), Middle English–1800s legger, 1500s ledgar, leadger, lydger, lydgear, ligear, ligier, legior, 1500s–1600s lidger, liger, legier, 1500s–1700s lieger, leager, 1500s–1800s leger, leiger, 1600s leidger, liedger, leeger, legar, lyger, leig-, lieg-, leag-, lidgier, ligyor, legyor, 1500s– ledger. Etymology: The senses represent Dutch ligger and legger , < liggen , leggen , lie v.¹, lay v.¹ The English forms lidger , ledger , cannot be direct adoptions of the Dutch words, but may be formations on English liggen , leggen , dialect forms of lie v.¹, lay v.¹ + -er suffix¹, in imitation of these. A. n. 1. A book that lies permanently in some place. †a. gen. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > communication > book > kind of book > size of book > [noun] > large book > that lies on desk or table coucher1519 ledgerc1600 c1600 Wriothesley's Chron. Eng. (1875) I. 85 The curates should provide a booke of the bible in Englishe, of the largest volume, to be a lidger in the same church for the parishioners to read on. †b. spec. A large copy of the Breviary. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > faith > artefacts > book (general) > breviary or office book > [noun] > large ledger1401 coucher1444 ledger-book1553 1401 in J. H. Wylie Hist. Eng. Henry IV IV. 198 [Items of expenditure] 19 portos, 3 liggers. 1444 in Dugdale's Monasticon VI. 1427 Duo portiphoria..alias nuncupata lyggers. 1481 in E. Hobhouse Church-wardens' Accts. (1890) 112 To John Brene writer on part of payment for the legger the x day of June..£iij. vj^s viii^d. 1484 in E. Hobhouse Church-wardens' Accts. (1890) 115 Payd to the Scryvener for the legerd..xxj^s. 1496 Will of John Howneslowe (P.R.O.: PROB. 11/10) f. 249 Portiferium alias vocat Legger. 1530 Abp. Warham in Wills Doctors' Commons (Camden) 23 Omnes libros meos vocatos ledgers, grayles, et antiphonaria. 1691 A. Wood Athenæ Oxonienses I. 572 The said Archb. [Warham] left all his..Ledgers, Grayles and Antiphonals to Wykeham Coll. †c. A record-book; a register. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > communication > record > written record > register or record book > [noun] Domesday Book1178 registera1325 bookc1405 red book?1445 registery1483 register book1515 regesture1526 registrya1529 enroll1533 ledger1550 ledger-book1553 registry book1562 by-book1593 regest1670 registrary1696 hall-book1746 blotter1887 1550 in Acts Privy Council (1891) III. 3 To..enter..all such decrees, determinacions, and other thinges..in a booke, to remaigne alwaies as a leger. 1553 S. Cabot in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations (1589) i. 259 To put the same into a common leger, to remaine of record for the companie. 1635 A. Gil Sacred Philos. Holy Script. viii. xxxiv. 136 Some Liger, or booke of record, wherein such memorable things were written..as might serue for remembrance to future ages. a1647 T. Habington Surv. Worcs. (Worcs. Hist. Soc.) (1895) I. i. 34 I was suffered by a speciall frynd to see the Legers of the churche of Worcester. 1666 A. Wood Life 25 June Perused the evidences of Queen's Coll., and afterwards a leiger, or transcript of all the evidences. d. Commerce. The principal book of the ‘set of books’ ordinarily employed for recording mercantile transactions.Its distinctive feature is that its contents consist of ‘debtor-and-creditor accounts’. Usually each person (or firm) with whom the trader has business relations has an account in the ledger, headed with his name, and showing the sums charged to his debit on the left page or half-page, and on the right those credited to him. In the system of ‘double entry’ the ledger includes other accounts of similar form to these, but headed with the designations of certain branches or subdivisions of the trader's own business. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > management of money > keeping accounts > account or statement of > [noun] > account book > ledger ledger-book1553 ledger1588 great book1621 post-book1714 general ledger1732 1588 H. Oldcastle & J. Mellis Briefe Instr. Accompts sig. Civ^v After you haue thus sette euery parcell orderly in your Iournal, then it behoueth you to take out the said parcelles, and compile and indite them into the third booke, called the Leager, which commonly is made of double so many leaues as is the Iournall. 1663 S. Pepys Diary 7 Jan. (1971) IV. 7 So to my office all the morning, signing the Treasurers ledger. 1679 R. Chamberlain Accomptants Guide Pref. At the end of the Leager there is a ballance of the Leager. 1727 D. Defoe Compl. Eng. Tradesman (ed. 2) I. Suppl. iii. 127 'Tis usual to mark the Ledgers alphabetically, thus, Ledger No. A. 1783 E. Burke Rep. Affairs India in Wks. (1819) XI. 291 The journals and legers of the Treasury. 1839 C. Dickens Nicholas Nickleby xvi. 140 He had a thick ledger lying open before him. 1873 P. G. Hamerton Intellect. Life (1875) x. viii. 379 The mind is like a merchant's ledger, it requires to be continually posted up to the latest date. figurative.1809–10 S. T. Coleridge Friend (1818) III. 315 An improved system of book-keeping for the ledgers of calculating self-love. 2. a. A horizontal timber in a scaffolding, lying parallel to the face of the building and supporting the putlogs. (Cf. ligger n.¹ 2.) ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > ladder > scaffolding > [noun] > part of > pole > horizontal ligger1500 overligger1511 overlier1554 ledger1571 putlog1645 1571 Stanford Churchwardens' Accts. in Antiquary (1888) 17 170/1 It. for iiij^e prays & a hundreth lydgers xijd. 1700 Moxon's Mech. Exercises: Bricklayers-wks. 14 Timber, or short Poles..from the Ledgers into their Brickwork. 1703 R. Neve City & Countrey Purchaser 231 In Building of Scaffolds..the Ledgers..are those pieces that lie Parallel to the side of the Building. 1823 P. Nicholson New Pract. Builder 303 A frame of wood, braced with strong pieces of timber, and secured by ledgers and feet. 1883 Law Times Rep. 49 139/1 The scaffolding was constructed of five..uprights and one ledger, this ledger being only two boards wide instead of five. b. In Thatching, a wooden rod laid across the thatch to hold it in place. Cf. legget n. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > building and constructing equipment > [noun] > thatching equipment > rod for fastening down thatch spelk1563 springle1657 thatching-rod1703 spar1746 spear1837 spick1890 thatch-rod1903 ledger1916 ligger1953 1916 C. F. Innocent Devel. Eng. Building Constr. xiii. 196 After the ‘yelms’ are laid, a ledger, that is, a pointed stick, is thrust into the straw, the length of it being carried across three or four ‘yelms’ and tied to the rafters at the opposite end. 1916 C. F. Innocent Devel. Eng. Building Constr. xiii. 198 This method of securing thatch by rods laid across it is..that most generally used in England. The rods, or ‘ledgers,’ may be either tied or ‘sewn’ to the rafters, or they may be held down by ‘broaches’. 1949 H. L. Edlin Woodland Crafts in Brit. xi. 67 In most parts of Britain thatching materials are secured to the roofs of thatched houses or stacks by narrow pegs of wood, usually hazel. One common name for these is spars, but they have many others... Withynecks, ledgers and roovers have all been recorded. 1959 G. Hogg Country Crafts 123 The ‘diamond’ pattern which a thatcher produces by laying strips of cleft hazel or other thin wood, which he refers to as ‘ledgers’, criss-cross along the roof a little below the ridge on each side. 3. A flat stone slab covering a grave. ΘΚΠ the world > life > death > disposal of corpse > burial > grave or burial-place > [noun] > stone covering grave stone1303 gravestone1387 through-stonea1400 througha1425 burial-stone?a1500 trough1501 ledgerc1510 tombstone?1520 lair-stone1538 humeta1647 plank1660 ledger-stone1851 flatstone1855 grave-cover1875 hogback1889 c1510 Contr. for tomb Hen. VII in Britton Arch. Antiq. (1809) II. 21 100 foote of blacke towchestone is sufficient for the legger and the base of the said tombe. 1852 J. L. Chester Westm. Abbey Reg. (1876) 514 (note) Buried in the North Cloister of Westminster Abbey, under a black marble ledger, close to the North wall. 1883 C. Kerry Hist. Ch. St. Lawrence, Reading 136 The old ledger on which Barton's brass was laid. 1890 Archaeol. Jrnl. 47 100 A ledger in the chancel at Burton commemorates Sir William Goring. 4. The nether millstone. Now dialect. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation of grain > milling or grinding > [noun] > corn-mill > millstone > lower ledger1533 ledger-millstone1548 lying-stone1674 1533 J. Heywood Play of Wether sig. Ciii^v Fere not the lydger be ware your ronner..Perchaunce your lydger doth lacke good peckyng. 1686 R. Plot Nat. Hist. Staffs. iv. 170 The Molecop-stone being always the runner, and the Darby-shire stone, the Legier. 1825 ‘J. Nicholson’ Operative Mechanic 451 The bed of masonry which supports the legger. 5. Angling. Short for ledger-bait n. at Compounds 2. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > hunting > fishing > fishing-tackle > means of attracting fish > [noun] > bait > still-bait ledger1653 ledger-bait1653 still-bait1888 1653 I. Walton Compl. Angler vii. 149 You may fish for a Pike, either with a ledger, or a walking-bait; and you are to note that I call that a ledger which is fix'd, or made to rest in one certaine place when you shall be absent. View more context for this quotation 1859 S. C. Hall & A. M. Hall Bk. Thames 278 The usual practice is to fish for barbel with the ledger. 1882 Daily Tel. 28 Oct. 2/4 The only chance is to fish with a leger on the submerged banks in the eddies for roach. 6. An ordinary or resident ambassador; also, a papal nuncio. Obsolete exc. Historical in form lieger. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > politics > international politics or relations > diplomacy > [noun] > ambassador or envoy > resident ambassador ambassador1524 ledger1548 ledger-ambassador (also ambassador ledger)1550 resident ambassador?1551 ambassador extraordinary1603 embassador1603 society > faith > church government > member of the clergy > clerical superior > pope > offices or officials > [noun] > secretary apocrisiary?a1475 nuncio1512 ledger1548 nunce1566 responsal1570 nuntiusc1600 1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VIII f. clviii Y^e viscount Rochforth retorned into England, & so did the bishop of Bathe shortly after, leauyng sir Anthony Broune behind for a ligier. 1570 J. Foxe Actes & Monumentes (rev. ed.) I. f. 366/2 The Realme was neuer lightly without some of the Popes liegers withall violence exacting and extorting continuall prouisions contributions, [etc.]. 1577 R. Holinshed Chron. II. 1538/2 The Bishoppe of Bath..lay there, for the king as legier. 1599 R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations (new ed.) II. i. 165 (heading) William Harborne was sent first Ambassadour vnto Sultan Murad Can..with whom he continued as her Majesties Ligier almost sixe yeeres. 1605 F. Bacon Of Aduancem. Learning ii. sig. Bbb3 A Nuntio of the pope, returning from a certayne Nation, where hee serued as lidger . View more context for this quotation 1630 M. Godwin tr. F. Godwin Ann. Eng. i. 64 Prat Leiger here for the Emperor,..without leaue withdrew himselfe from Court. a1639 J. Spottiswood Hist. Church Scotl. (1655) vi. 351 By a letter sent from Mr. Archibald Douglas that stayed as Lieger in England, he found him not well disposed in the businesse. 1655 T. Fuller Church-hist. Brit. iii. 63 A Nuncio differed from a Legate, almost as a Lieger from an extraordinary Ambassadour. 1855 D. Costello Stories from Screen 3 I was then—as I am now—the lieger of the house of Nidau. 7. transferred and figurative. a. A (permanent) representative; a commissioner; an agent; also, an ‘ambassador of the Gospel’. Obsolete or archaic in form lieger. ΘΚΠ society > authority > delegated authority > one having delegated or derived authority > [noun] > delegate delegatea1475 ledger1606 1606 T. Dekker Newes from Hell sig. D2^v The Pox lyes there as deaths Legyer. 1611 W. Barksted Hiren sig. B3 But sighes he sends out on this embassie, Liegers that dye ere they returne againe. a1616 W. Shakespeare Measure for Measure (1623) iii. i. 56 Lord Angelo hauing affaires to heauen Intends you for his swift Ambassador, Where you shall be an euerlasting Leiger . View more context for this quotation 1619 H. Hutton Follie's Anat. sig. A7 He..like a ledger at the Tables end, Takes place for an inuited friend. 1628 O. Felltham Resolves: 2nd Cent. xii. sig. K^v Euery good man is a Leiger heere for Heauen. 1651 Bp. J. Taylor Clerus Domini 20 God sent at first Embassadours extraordinary and then left his Leigers in his Church for ever. 1664 S. Butler Hudibras: Second Pt. ii. iii. 141 Has not this present Parliament A Ledger to the Devil sent, Fully impowr'd to treat about Finding revolted Witches out? 1673 J. Flavell Fountain of Life viii. 93 The Mediator that made it, lies as a lidger in Heaven to maintain it for ever; and prevent new jarrs. 1791 W. Cowper tr. Homer Iliad in Iliad & Odyssey I. xxiv. 171 Mark me,—I come, a lieger sent from Jove [Gk. Διὸς δέ τοι ἄγγελος εἶμι]. †b. One who is permanently or constantly in a place; a resident. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabitant > [noun] maneOE wonnera1340 dwellera1382 livera1382 indweller1382 resiant1405 inhabitor1413 inhabitera1425 tenanta1425 abider1440 citizenc1450 inhabitant1462 resident1463 denizen1474 inhabitator?a1475 mansionarya1475 habitant1490 incolera1513 occupier?1542 land-occupier1576 residentiary1581 burgessa1586 incolant1596 consistorian1599 ledger1600 resider1632 residenter1644 habitator1646 endwellera1649 incolary1652 incolist1657 insetter1712 houser1871 1600 B. Jonson Every Man out of his Humor iv. iii. sig. M Hee's a Lieger at Hornes Ordinarie yonder. View more context for this quotation 1611 J. Speed Hist. Great Brit. vii. xliv. 376/2 King Ethelred thus rid of these his vnlooked for guests, sought to remoue those leigers that lay in Cumberland. 1615 Bp. J. Hall Imprese of God ii, in Recoll. Treat. 671 All Palestine..was but (as Ierom which was a lieger there) reckons it, an 160. miles long. 1650 T. Fuller Pisgah-sight of Palestine iii. 428 Seeing it is said of Anna..that she departed not from the Temple, it will be enquired whether any women were constantly Leigers to live therein. a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) Eng. 4 Of these wonders, some were transient,.. others Liegers and Permanent. †c. Welsh ledger: ? ‘a jocular name for the cuckoo’ (Nares). Obsolete. ΚΠ 1608 T. Middleton Your Fiue Gallants sig. I^v Fits...Your deuice here is a Cuckow sitting on a tree. Frip. The Welsh Lidger, good. B. adj. I. In attributive use. †1. ledger-ambassador (also ambassador ledger): resident or ordinary ambassador. So ledger Jesuit. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > politics > international politics or relations > diplomacy > [noun] > ambassador or envoy > resident ambassador ambassador1524 ledger1548 ledger-ambassador (also ambassador ledger)1550 resident ambassador?1551 ambassador extraordinary1603 embassador1603 society > faith > church government > monasticism > religious order > Society of Jesus > [noun] > member of > resident in specific place ledger Jesuit1550 1550 King Edward VI Jrnl. in Lit. Rem. (Roxb.) 258 That Sir John Mason shuld be embassadour ligier. 1577 R. Holinshed Hist. Scotl. 470/2 in Chron. I Monsieur Doysell, Liger Ambassador for the Frenche Kyng. 1606 True Relation Proc. at Arraignm. Late Traitors 32 Baldwin the Ligier Jesuite in Flaunders. 1615 G. Sandys Relation of Journey 85 The Kings of England and of France haue here their Ledger Embassadours. 1630 J. Wadsworth Eng. Spanish Pilgrime (new ed.) i. 2 His Majesty sent him with his first Ambassador Legier..into Spaine. a1670 J. Hacket Scrinia Reserata (1693) i. 120 The leiger Embassador of the Catholick King. a1754 T. Carte Gen. Hist. Eng. (1755) IV. 111 A duplicate of the order [was] sent to Sir Walter Aston, the lieger embassador. a1754 S. Johnson Dict. Eng. Lang. Leger, any thing that lies in a place; as, a leger ambassador. figurative and in extended use.1614 in T. Overbury et al. Wife now Widdow Newes of my Morning Worke sig. H2^v Sleep is deaths Leger Embassador [1615 (12th impr.) Leiger-Ambassadour].1636 A. Cade Serm. Necess. for these Times 10 Gods Lieger Ambassadour residing in our hearts.1649 Bp. J. Taylor Great Exemplar Pref. §45 Christ having left his Ministers as Lieger Embassadours to signifie and publish the Lawes of Jesus. †2. Remaining in a place; resident; permanent; stationary. Also figurative constantly in use; said, e.g. of a joke, ‘standing’, ‘stock’. ledger side: the side on which something lies. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > absence of movement > [adjective] > remaining in one place stablea1400 dormantc1440 standing1469 remanent?a1475 ledger1547 fixed1559 restiff1578 statary1581 permanent1588 consistent1604 stationary1631 fundamental1633 resident1653 sedentary1667 statual1752 loco-restive1796 untransmigrated1821 stabile1896 static1910 sessile1917 the world > space > relative position > quality of having sides or being a side > [noun] > fact of having distinct sides > one or other side or hand > side on which something lies ledger side1654 the mind > emotion > pleasure > laughter > causing laughter > [adjective] > humorous or jesting > other qualities of jests or humour unwormwooded1628 ledger1655 canny1874 heavy-handed1910 off-colour1915 Dad and Dave1935 sick1959 observational1981 1547 Injunct. Edw. VI in Kitchin Winchester Docum. (1889) I. 184 iiij legior bybles to be hadde continually within the Churche. 1642 T. Fuller Holy State iv. xxi. 354 How mercifull is he to such who not out of leigier malice, but sudden passion may chance to shed bloud! 1654 E. Gayton Pleasant Notes Don Quixot i. viii. 28 Like a bruised Codling Apple a little corrupted on the Leiger side. 1655 T. Fuller Hist. Univ. Cambr. viii. 156 in Church-hist. Brit. Their habits, gestures, language, lieger-jests, and expressions. a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) Kent 59 The great Soveraign built at Dulwich [in later edd. corrected Woolwich], a Lieger-ship for State is the greatest Ship our Island ever saw. 1662 E. Stillingfleet Origines Sacræ ii. iv. §8 God had a kind of Leiger-Prophets among his people. 1702 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion I. v. 418 This Petition, deliver'd publickly, and read..by their Leiger Committee. 3. Music. ledger line n. one of the short lines added temporarily above and below the stave to accommodate notes in a passage which cannot be contained by the usual five lines. They are numbered from the stave upward and downward, 1st, 2nd, 3rd, etc. ledger lines above or below. Also ledger space, a space between two ledger lines or between the stave and the 1st ledger line.[The origin of this use is not clear; perhaps the word may be the noun used attributively with allusion to sense A. 2. The common statement that it represents the French léger light, slight, is baseless.] ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > written or printed music > notation > [noun] > stave > lines of stave rulec1475 line1602 ledger line1697 society > leisure > the arts > music > written or printed music > notation > [noun] > stave > spaces in stave spacea1450 ledger space1818 1697 Playford's Introd. Skill Musick (ed. 13) i. 6 And then you add a Line or two to the five Lines as the Song requires, those Lines so added being called Ledger-Lines. 1775 J. Ash New Dict. Eng. Lang. Leg'erline,..a line above or below the five to receive an ascending or descending note. 1793 Trans. Soc. Arts (ed. 2) 5 125 The ledger or occasional lines, drawn through the heads of the notes. 1818 T. Busby Gram. Music 20 The situation of G in the first ledger space, being higher than any within the stave, that note is called G in alt. 1879 C. J. Evans Let. in Musical Times 1 June 327 A ledger line has never been typographically either lighter in shade or thinner in substance than its accompanying stave lines. II. In predicative use, esp. in to be, lie ledger. (In many cases the word may be taken either as noun or adjective.) 4. Resident in the capacity of ambassador, commissioner or agent. Obsolete exc. archaic. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > politics > international politics or relations > diplomacy > act or serve as diplomat [verb (intransitive)] > be resident as ambassador to be, lie ledger1560 lydgea1618 society > authority > rule or government > politics > international politics or relations > diplomacy > [adjective] > of or relating to ambassador > resident as ledger1560 1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. cxiij^v His Ambassadour that was ledger at Rome. a1635 R. Corbet Poems (1807) 121 He was Natures factour here, And legier lay for every sheire. 1642 W. Mountagu in Buccleuch MSS (Hist. MSS Comm.) (1899) I. 300 The Committee that are to lie leiger there. a1670 J. Hacket Scrinia Reserata (1693) i. 29 One that lay lieger at London for their dispatches. 1702 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion I. ii. 91 Those who..lay leiger for the Covenant, and kept up the spirits of their Country-men by Their intelligence. 1826 W. Scott Woodstock II. x. 260 He lies leaguer, as a sort of ambassador for his worthy masters. †5. Lying or resting in a place, stationary; resident. a. of persons. ΚΠ 1600 E. Fairfax tr. T. Tasso Godfrey of Bulloigne i. lxx. 15 Returne not thou, but legier stay behinde. 1638 R. West To Pious Memory T. Randolph in T. Randolph Poems sig. **2 For Humours to lye leidger they are seene. 1639 J. Shirley Ball* v. sig. I Two or three English spies told us they had laine Leger three moneths to steale away the Piatzo, and ship It for Covent Garden. a1656 J. Ussher Ann. World (1658) vi. 434 Astymedes remained Lieger at Rome, that he might know what things were transacted. 1660 J. Milton Readie Way Free Commonw. (ed. 2) 58 They meet not from so many parts remote to sit a whole year lieger in one place, only now and then..to convey each man his bean or ballot into the box. b. of things. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > [adjective] residentc1384 indwelling14.. lentc1400 resiant1433 mansionary1447 inhabitant1526 commorantc1534 demurrant1544 ledger1577 couchant1602 inhabitinga1617 residentiary1640 residenting1650 habitant1856 1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry i. f. 25 Wheate,..yf the ground be to riche where it is sowen, it wyll growe to ranke, and lye leadge [sic] vpon the grounde. 1611 T. Middleton & T. Dekker Roaring Girle sig. E4^v A name which Ide teare out From the hye Germaines throat, if it lay ledger there To dispatch priuy slanders against mee. 1639 T. Fuller Hist. Holy Warre i. xx. 32 Shiloh, where the Ark was long leiger. 1650 T. Fuller Pisgah-sight of Palestine ii. xiv. 300 These wise men..perceiving this to be..no light constantly Leiger in the skies, conclude it an extraordinary Embassadour sent upon some peculiar service. a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) London 223 A rusty Musket, which had lien long Leger in his Shop. Compounds C1. General attributive. a. (In sense A. 1d.) ledger-account n. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > management of money > keeping accounts > account or statement of > [noun] > other types of statement stewart-compt1580 book account1649 account stateda1683 ledger-account1738 bank statement1824 pay bill1828 cost sheet1840 average-statement1865 reconciliation statement1866 swindle sheet1906 exposure draft1971 1738 E. Chambers Cycl. (ed. 2) at Book Every article must be duly entered on the opposite side of the corresponding account in the ledger; with a reference to the ledger account of cash. 1902 G. H. Lorimer Lett. Merchant vi. 77 Some one who keeps separate ledger accounts for work and for fun. 1903 Daily Chron. 5 Jan. 5/5 It would be a bad day for loyalty when people considered loyalty as an item in the ledger account. ledger-clerk n. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > management of money > keeping accounts > [noun] > keeper of accounts > book-keeper breverc1475 bookkeeper1555 booker1883 ledger-clerk1887 1887 Times 10 Oct. 3/3 The prisoner, who was employed as a ledger clerk and accountant. ledger-entry n. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > management of money > keeping accounts > account or statement of > [noun] > account book > entry in brevementc1475 brument?1523 tot1529 score1600 ledger-entry1682 post1718 post entry1798 post1832 journal-entry1836 1682 J. Scarlett Stile of Exchanges 37 A formal Journal, or leidger Entry. 1849 J. H. Freese Commerc. Class-bk. 97 Forms of Ledger-Entries. ledger-keeper n. ΚΠ 1906 Daily Chron. 18 Sept. 3/5 A female ledger~keeper and accountant in one office worked for 6s. a week. ledger-man n. ΚΠ 1820 J. Keats Isabella in Lamia & Other Poems 58 How was it these same ledger-men could spy Fair Isabella in her downy nest? ledger-scroll n. ΚΠ 1949 M. L. Darling At Freedom's Door i. v. 116 Till two or three years ago..Hindu Bhats from Rajputana would come every year with their long ledger-scrolls to record in them any additions to the family. ledger-work n. ΚΠ 1908 Westm. Gaz. 24 Mar. 6/3 He came to Paris, learnt ledger-work, and obtained a situation in a banking-house. b. ledger-like adj. ΚΠ 1844 N. Hawthorne in U.S. Mag. & Democratic Rev. Mar. 269/1 A folio volume, of ledger-like size and aspect. C2. ledger-bait n. a fishing bait which is made to remain in one place (also attributive); so ledger-hook, ledger-line, ledger-tackle. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > hunting > fishing > fishing-tackle > [noun] > kind of prick-tackle1463 ledger-tackle1653 fly-tackle1834 otter1834 bait-tackle1835 paternoster tackle1852 spinning-tackle1856 otter-line1862 traveller1864 skate1882 sea-ledger1887 otter1898 otter-board1901 ripper1925 salmon tackle- the world > food and drink > hunting > fishing > fishing-tackle > fishing-line > [noun] > other types of line ground-linea1450 ledger-line1653 gildert1681 kipping-linec1686 fly-line1706 night line1726 trout-line1789 train line1828 runner1835 salmon line1850 loop-line1859 stray-line1879 dandy-line1882 kelp line1884 cross-line1891 free line1913 flatline1950 multistrand1960 flatliner1984 the world > food and drink > hunting > fishing > fishing-tackle > means of attracting fish > [noun] > bait > still-bait ledger1653 ledger-bait1653 still-bait1888 1653 I. Walton Compl. Angler vii. 149 Your ledger bait is best to be a living bait. View more context for this quotation 1653 I. Walton Compl. Angler vii. 153 Having given you this direction for the baiting your ledger hook with a live fish or frog. View more context for this quotation 1740 R. Brookes Art of Angling i. ii. 8 Ledger-Bait Angling is when the Bait always rests in one fixt and certain Place. 1867 F. Francis Bk. Angling i. 39 There are many places..which..can only be fished with ledger tackle. 1872 Echo 5 Aug. Heavy leger tackle. 1882 Ogilvie's Imperial Dict. (new ed.) Ledger-line,..a kind of tackle used in fishing for barbel and bream. 1883 Great Internat. Fisheries Exhib. Catal. 56 Spoon Baits, Paternosters, Ledger Lines. ledger-blade n. in a cloth-shearing machine, the stationary straight-edged blade, placed as a tangent to and co-acting with a spiral blade on a cylinder, and used to trim the nap and reduce it to a uniform length. ΚΠ 1839 A. Ure Dict. Arts 1323 The..fixed..or..ledger blade. ledger-millstone n. = sense A. 4. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation of grain > milling or grinding > [noun] > corn-mill > millstone > lower ledger1533 ledger-millstone1548 lying-stone1674 1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. Luke xvii. 140 To be cast headlong into the sea with a great lidger milstone tied about his necke. ledger-pole n. = sense A. 2. ΚΠ 1901 J. Black Illustr. Carpenter & Builder Ser.: Scaffolding 86 A combination of chains, clips, and screw bolts, used for securing a ledger-pole to standard. ledger-stone n. = sense A. 3. ΘΚΠ the world > life > death > disposal of corpse > burial > grave or burial-place > [noun] > stone covering grave stone1303 gravestone1387 through-stonea1400 througha1425 burial-stone?a1500 trough1501 ledgerc1510 tombstone?1520 lair-stone1538 humeta1647 plank1660 ledger-stone1851 flatstone1855 grave-cover1875 hogback1889 1851 E. Moore in Fen & Marshland Ch. (1869) 3rd Ser. 65 Two stone coffins with the ledger stones belonging to them. 1894 A. Jessopp Random Roaming 188 Certain rather handsome ledger stones that were lying in the chancel. ledger-wall n. = footwall n. at foot n. and int. Compounds 3. ΚΠ 1881 Trans. Amer. Inst. Mining Engineers 1880–1 9 151 Ledger-wall, see Foot-wall. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1902; most recently modified version published online March 2022). ledgerv. Brit. /ˈlɛdʒə/, U.S. /ˈlɛdʒər/ Forms: Also leger. Etymology: < ledger n. (sense 5). Angling. intransitive. To use a ledger-bait. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > hunting > fishing > type or method of fishing > [verb (intransitive)] > fish using bait rove1661 ledger1688 trail1857 squida1859 spin1863 chum1882 mooch1947 nymph1982 1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory ii. 324/2 Ledger is another way of fishing for a Pike, the Angler being absent. 1859 F. Francis Newton Dogvane (1888) 19 An adept in spinning, trolling, ledgering. 1867 F. Francis Bk. Angling (1880) ii. 63 The fishermen who require to cast a long line on the Thames, for ledgering or spinning. 1883 Official Catal. Internat. Fisheries Exhib. (ed. 4) 106 Jew Fish, caught by Messrs. Curtis and Senior, ledgering, Brisbane River, Queensland, Australia. Draft additions 1997 ˈledgered adj. used as ledger-bait. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > hunting > fishing > type or method of fishing > [adjective] > angling > using bait unhooked1596 ledgered1959 1959 Times 7 Feb. 9/4 Chub..can be caught with ledgered dead baits. 1976 Southern Evening Echo (Southampton) 1 Nov. 7/1 At Milford the other day I saw one angler reel in four good-sized dogfish within 45 minutes. They all took legered herring on double-hook gear. 1986 Coarse Fishing June 44/1 When I first began to fish the legered meat all those years ago, I realised very quickly that it was a method that could only win when the rivers were in flood. 1992 Angling Times 22 Apr. 7/3 There are plenty of..skimmers now being taken from pegs in the wides on legered maggot. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1902; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.adj.1401v.1688
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ledgern.adj.

Compounds

ledgerv.

Draft additions 1997