lambdan.

Brit.

/ˈlamdə/, U.S.

/ˈlæmdə/

Forms:

α. Middle English lapda, Middle English 1800s– labda.

β. Middle English laude, Middle English–1500s lauda.

γ. 1500s landa, 1500s– lambda, 1500s– lamda, 1700s lamma.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin lambda, labda; Latin lauda.

Etymology: Partly < (i) post-classical Latin lambda (4th cent.), variant of classical Latin labda, name of the letter < ancient Greek λάβδα (with variant λάμβδα ) < Phoenician lmd (probably lāmed : see L n.), and partly (in β. forms) < (ii) post-classical Latin lauda, lauta (in a text on land-surveying, of uncertain date, but perhaps 6th cent.; also as a variant reading in Boethius (6th cent.) and Isidore (a636)), variants of classical Latin labda after an unattested Greek form *λαύδα, reflecting a later pronunciation of λάβδα. Compare Middle French lande, the name of the Greek letter, occipital bone (both early 14th cent.; 1478 in os lande), Middle French, French lambda (1st half of the 16th cent.), and also Italian lambda, name of the letter (1561), occipital bone (1583).With sense 2a, compare the following earlier use of alauda as a name for the occipital bone of the skull, perhaps arising from association of post-classical Latin lauda lambda with classical Latin alauda lark (compare the reading of the Paris manuscript at quot. ?a1425 at sense 2a, which shows lauerok lark n.¹):a1400 tr. Lanfranc Sci. Cirurgie (Ashm.) (1894) 109 A boon þe which is clepid alauda [L. et conjungitur cum prædictis nervalibus mediante una commissura ad modum litteræ laudæ grecæ].In sense 2c after French lambda (1863 in this sense in a work by Paul Broca). In sense 5 after earlier use of the Greek letter name kappa to denote a cytoplasmic factor in a different bacterium (see kappa n. 2 and compare quot. 1952 at sense 5).

I. The letter and its shape.

1. (The name of) the 11th letter of the Greek alphabet (Λ, λ).In transliterating ancient Greek, usually rendered as l.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > writing > written character > name of written character > [noun] > Greek

alphac1175

muc1175

betaa1400

taua1400

chic1400

deltac1400

etac1400

kappac1400

gamma?a1425

lambda?a1425

nu?a1425

phi?a1425

pi?a1425

psi?a1425

rho?a1425

xi?a1425

zeta?a1425

upsilon1559

san1584

omega1599

theta1603

iota1607

sigma1607

omicron1631

digamma1699

epsilon1842

zeta1850

α.

?a1425 (c1400) Mandeville's Trav. (Titus C.xvi) lf. 9^v Iota. Lapda.

c1475 ( Surg. Treat. in MS Wellcome 564 f. 19 It is lijk to þis grek lettre labda.

1887 Hoblyn's Dict. Terms Med. & Collateral Sci. (ed. 11) 388/2 Labdacismus.., an over-partiality for the use of the lambda or labda, or letter l.

1927 Amer. Jrnl. Archaeol. 31 318 An argument has been found in the Greek form labda beside lambda.

1952 Jrnl. Rom. Stud. 42 59 It would not be reasonable to deny the use of labda and tau without attempting an explanation of their significance.

1993 Phoenix 47 297 A mere eight letters of the alphabet are represented..with such indicative ones as labda, pi, rho and sigma absent.

β. ?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (Hunterian) f. 73 (MED) [The hyoid bone] is roted in þe wesaunte, & it is liche to a letter of grewe þat is cleped lauda & to a ffigure of 7 in augryme.?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 10^v (MED) Þe second bone..is closed bi a maner commissure descendyng transuersly to maner of laude, a letter, a cifre of 7.γ. 1572 J. Higgins Huloets Dict. (rev. ed.) L, a letter counted among the halfe vowelles, and also a liquid, the Grekes cal it Lamda.1603 P. Holland tr. Plutarch Morals 1324 Whether in the Future tense it [sc. the verb βάλλω] should lose one of the two Lamdaes?1676 E. Coles Eng. Dict. Lambdacism, an insisting too much upon Lambda, the Letter L.1746 T. Nugent tr. C. Lancelot et al. New Method of learning Greek Tongue I. i. ii. 3 The Greeks have 24 Letters, whose Figure, Name, and Power are as followeth:..Thêta..Iôta..Cappa..Lambda [etc.].1750 W. Skurray tr. N. M. Venuti Descr. Heraclea i. iii. 23 The last Letter, Λ is found by the Members of the Cortonian Academy, to be the very Lamda of the Greeks.1799 R. Kirwan Geol. Ess. 285 The calcareous mountains of Savoy are often arched like a lambda.1816 New Monthly Mag. 1 Dec. 406/2 The syllabic denominations of the..Greeks..,the Gamma, Delta, Kappa, Lamda.1855 J. King Amer. Eclectic Obstetr. viii. 47 In shape it resembles the Greek capital, lambda.1898 Flaming Sword 8 Apr. 8/1 The word chelus is formed by dividing chaos, placing the letter Lambda, the symbol of the Almighty vitalizing power, in the middle of the word.1921 Amer. Jrnl. Physical Anthropol. 4 186 The resultant tooth crowns of the molars are a series of figures resembling in outline that of the Greek letter lambda.1987 S. Heaney Haw Lantern 3 Balers drop bales like printouts where stooked sheaves Made lambdas on the stubble once at harvest.2002 N. Tosches In Hand of Dante 178 Lam is also a letter of majesty, and, among the Arabs, it possesses also the numerical value of thirty, as does the lambda of the Greeks, the lamda of the language of your gospels.

2. Anatomy.

†a. The occipital bone of the skull. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > skull > parts of skull > [noun] > back of skull

lambda?a1425

occiput1578

noddle-bone1611

noll-bone1615

occipital1861

?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 10^v (MED) And þai ar produced after of parietalez aforsaid fro þe commissurez of laude [a1425 Hunterian lauda; ?c1425 Paris lauerok] vn to þe middes of þe bones of þe templez.

c1475 ( Surg. Treat. in MS Wellcome 564 f. 19 (MED) Þe fourþe boon..is clepid lauda.

b. A lambdoid suture of the skull. Now usually more fully lambda suture. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > structural parts > joint > joints > [noun] > joints of skull

commissure?a1425

lambdac1475

sagittal suture (addition, commissure)?1541

coronal suture1543

sagit?1550

garland-seam1576

commissary1577

agglutination1578

skull-seam1605

lambdoidal suture (commissure)1653

transverse suture1741

orbitar1782

pterion1878

c1475 ( Surg. Treat. in MS Wellcome 564 f. 19 (MED) Þe fourþe boon..is clepid lauda by enchesoun of his seem, þat is callid lauda or ellis sagittalle.

1562 W. Bullein Dial. Sorenes f. xlv, in Bulwarke of Defence The seconde [seame of the scalpe is named] Lambda or Lauda, whiche is in the hinder part of the hedde.

1670 W. Marshall Answers upon Several Heads Philos. 50 The sutures of the head..which concern not the Bones of the upper chap, are either largely toothed sutures, Viz. the Crown suture, the Dart suture, and the Lambda suture.

1893 Proc. Royal Irish Acad. 1891–3 2 764 There is a wormian bone in the sagittal suture a short distance above the lambda suture.

1976 Exper. Neurol. 53 648 The stereotaxic coordinates for the lateral hypothalamic area were 2.6 to 3.7 mm anterior to the lambda suture, [etc.].

2009 J. J. A. Mooij in M. Sindou et al. Pract. Handbk. Neurosurg. I. 214 The suture between the occipital bone and the parietal bones, the lambda suture, reaches way above the borders of the posterior fossa.

c. The point of junction of the sagittal and lambdoid sutures of the skull.

ΚΠ

1877 Jrnl. Anthropol. Inst. 6 184 The lambdoidal suture is obliterated at the top of the lambda to an extent of four centimetres.

a1948 F. Weidenreich Morphol. Solo Man (1951) 240 The lambda, like the bregma, is located on a second bulge.

2009 N. C. Bambakidis et al. Surg. Cerebellopontine Angle 14/1 The lambdoid suture begins at lambda, where it meets the sagittal suture.

3. Particle Physics. A neutral baryon with a mass of 1116 MeV, a spin of ½, and zero isospin, now regarded as composed of an up, a down, and a strange quark. Also (now usually with distinguishing word): each of two oppositely charged particles having instead of a strange quark a charmed and a bottom quark respectively. Frequently written Λ.The particle was reported in 1950 ( Physical Rev. 80 1099), and subsequently called a V particle (see V n. 5), in allusion to the distinctive shape of its track in particle detectors (W. B. Fowler et al. in Physical Rev. 91 287).

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > physics > atomic physics > particle physics > particle participating in strong interaction > baryon > [noun]

baryon1953

lambda1954

1954 W. B. Fowler et al. in Physical Rev. 93 861/1 We have reported two examples of Λ⁰ particles produced in hydrogen by negative pions (π⁻) of 1·5-Bev kinetic energy... We are using here the nomenclature suggested for V events at the International Congress on Cosmic Radiation, Bagnères-de-Bigorre, France. Accordingly Λ^{0, +, −} → nucleon + pion + Q_Λ.

1963 K. W. Ford World of Elem. Particles vi. 179 The sigma particle lives too short a time to move a measurable distance.., decaying almost at once into a lambda and a photon (Σ⁰ → Λ⁰ + γ).

1976 New Scientist 5 Aug. 282/3 A peak fell at 2.26 GeV, just about as expected for the charmed lambda minus.

1984 New Scientist 6 Sept. 23/3 The xi..decays to lambda, which itself turns into a proton and a pion.

2002 F. Close et al. Particle Odyssey vii. 116 Not only protons and lambdas, but also pions and kaons have resonant states.

II. Symbolic uses.

4. Science. One millionth of a litre; a microlitre. Usually written λ.

ΚΠ

1934 P. L. Kirk in Mikrochemie 14 13 It seems logical to use the designations mm³ = μl = λ. Such a procedure could simplify discussion considerably if the letter lambda were used with this significance, and we shall in future adhere to this usage.

1961 A. Steyermark Quantitative Org. Microanal. (ed. 2) i. 2 The terms gamma (γ), and lambda (λ) are to be substituted with microgram (μg.) and microliter (μl.) respectively.

1974 Nature 15 Nov. p. xi (advt.) Corning disposable micro-sampling pipettes are made from ‘Pyrex’ brand borosilicate glass... The accuracy of the graduated 5 Lambda (λ) is ±1%.

2000 G. E. Lyons et al. in R. S. Tuan & C. W. Lo Developmental Biol. Protocols II. xxix. 304 Load 8λ of PCR products and use a small molecular weight DNA ladder that will give good resolution.

III. With allusion to position in a sequence.

5. Microbiology. A temperate bacteriophage that infects the common bacterium Escherichia coli and is much used in research in molecular biology. Usually attributive or as postmodifier. Also written λ.Bacteriophage lambda is a double-stranded DNA virus with a polyhedral head and a long non-contractile tail.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > organism > micro-organism > virus > phage > [noun] > types of

T1944

lambda1950

heterozygote1952

lambdoid1958

vector1958

the world > life > biology > organism > micro-organism > virus > phage > [adjective] > types of

temperate1953

virulent1953

lambdoid1958

lambda1995

1950 E. M. Lederberg Microbial Genetics Bull. Jan. 5 The plaques are due to a phage, lambda, which is carried by most K-12 derivatives in latent form, and to which W-518 is uniquely sensitive. High titers..of lambda have been obtained by inoculating W-518 cultures with plaque material.

1952 J. Lederberg et al. in Cold Spring Harbor Symp. Quant. Biol. 16 436/1 The exposure of sensitive cells to suspensions of the free phage, which we named ‘λ’, by analogy to a killer factor in Paramecium, results in the lysis of a variable proportion of cells.

1988 Mouse News Let. Nov. 116 We have cloned the chromosomal gene in phage lambda and found it to be present as a single copy.

1995 School Sci. Rev. June 29/1 The Sigma catalogue includes photographs showing clearly the bands resulting from the digestion of lambda phage DNA.

2010 J. E. Krebs et al. Lewin's Essent. Genes xi. 287 The best-characterized example of antitermination is provided by phage lambda, in which the phenomenon was discovered.

Compounds

C1. attributive. Physics. Designating the temperature (approx. 2·17°K) below which liquid helium becomes a superfluid; (also) designating an equivalent temperature for other substances, at which the specific heat increases at an increasing rate as the temperature is approached from below and then drops abruptly when it is reached. Chiefly in lambda point. Also: of or relating to this temperature. Frequently written λ.The curve of specific heat against temperature for helium or another substance somewhat resembles the Greek letter λ at this temperature.

ΚΠ

1932 W. H. & A. P. Keesom in Proc. Sect. Sci. Kon. Akad. Wetensch. Amsterdam 35 742 The specific heat of liquid helium at about 2·19°K falls from a value of 3·0 to a value of about 1·1 certainly within 0·02 degree... For convenience sake it is desirable to introduce a name for the point at which this jump occurs. According to a suggestion made by Prof. Ehrenfest we propose to call that point, considering the resemblance of the specific heat curve with the Greek letter λ, the lambda-point.

1940 Physical Rev. 57 417 Measurements..of the coefficient of thermal expansion of pressed specimens of ammonium chloride in the neighbourhood of the λ-point transition at 242·8°K are reported.

1952 J. F. Allen in F. E. Simon et al. Low Temperature Physics iii. 73 The phase diagram of liquid helium..is crossed by a line which has been called the λ-line.

1958 E. U. Condon & H. Odishaw Handbk. Physics v. xi. 159/2 The λ transition involves no detectable change in spatial structure.

1966 K. Mendelssohn Quest for Absolute Zero x. 234 The characteristic feature of superflow..was transport completely free of friction, taking place at a ‘critical velocity’ which only depended on temperature and vanished at the lambda-point.

2007 T. Heinzel Mesoscopic Electronics in Solid State Nanostructures iv. 119 He II tends to creep over any wall of reasonable height, as long as its temperature stays below the λ point.

C2.

lambda moth n. now rare = gamma moth at gamma n. 4.

ΚΠ

?1711 J. Petiver Gazophylacii VII.–VIII. Table 64 The Lamma Moth...This is distinguisht from all others in having a white Mark in each Wing, very like the Greek λ.

1835 J. Rennie Faculties Birds v. 126 The redstart gives to its young such beetles as the aged bird is afraid of swallowing... The brown wren does the same, often giving them the large lambda moth.

1960 New Scientist 24 Mar. 722/2 Spraying with a suspension containing 80 million spores per gramme is effective. Similar dilutions are fatal to cutworms and to the lambda moth, Phytometra gamma L.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2013; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	lambda
释义	lambdan. Brit. /ˈlamdə/, U.S. /ˈlæmdə/ Forms: α. Middle English lapda, Middle English 1800s– labda. β. Middle English laude, Middle English–1500s lauda. γ. 1500s landa, 1500s– lambda, 1500s– lamda, 1700s lamma. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin lambda, labda; Latin lauda. Etymology: Partly < (i) post-classical Latin lambda (4th cent.), variant of classical Latin labda, name of the letter < ancient Greek λάβδα (with variant λάμβδα ) < Phoenician lmd (probably lāmed : see L n.), and partly (in β. forms) < (ii) post-classical Latin lauda, lauta (in a text on land-surveying, of uncertain date, but perhaps 6th cent.; also as a variant reading in Boethius (6th cent.) and Isidore (a636)), variants of classical Latin labda after an unattested Greek form λαύδα, reflecting a later pronunciation of λάβδα. Compare Middle French lande, the name of the Greek letter, occipital bone (both early 14th cent.; 1478 in os lande), Middle French, French lambda* (1st half of the 16th cent.), and also Italian lambda, name of the letter (1561), occipital bone (1583).With sense 2a, compare the following earlier use of alauda as a name for the occipital bone of the skull, perhaps arising from association of post-classical Latin lauda lambda with classical Latin alauda lark (compare the reading of the Paris manuscript at quot. ?a1425 at sense 2a, which shows lauerok lark n.¹):a1400 tr. Lanfranc Sci. Cirurgie (Ashm.) (1894) 109 A boon þe which is clepid alauda [L. et conjungitur cum prædictis nervalibus mediante una commissura ad modum litteræ laudæ grecæ].In sense 2c after French lambda (1863 in this sense in a work by Paul Broca). In sense 5 after earlier use of the Greek letter name kappa to denote a cytoplasmic factor in a different bacterium (see kappa n. 2 and compare quot. 1952 at sense 5). I. The letter and its shape. 1. (The name of) the 11th letter of the Greek alphabet (Λ, λ).In transliterating ancient Greek, usually rendered as l. ΘΚΠ society > communication > writing > written character > name of written character > [noun] > Greek alphac1175 muc1175 betaa1400 taua1400 chic1400 deltac1400 etac1400 kappac1400 gamma?a1425 lambda?a1425 nu?a1425 phi?a1425 pi?a1425 psi?a1425 rho?a1425 xi?a1425 zeta?a1425 upsilon1559 san1584 omega1599 theta1603 iota1607 sigma1607 omicron1631 digamma1699 epsilon1842 zeta1850 α. ?a1425 (c1400) Mandeville's Trav. (Titus C.xvi) lf. 9^v Iota. Lapda. c1475 ( Surg. Treat. in MS Wellcome 564 f. 19 It is lijk to þis grek lettre labda. 1887 Hoblyn's Dict. Terms Med. & Collateral Sci. (ed. 11) 388/2 Labdacismus.., an over-partiality for the use of the lambda or labda, or letter l. 1927 Amer. Jrnl. Archaeol. 31 318 An argument has been found in the Greek form labda beside lambda. 1952 Jrnl. Rom. Stud. 42 59 It would not be reasonable to deny the use of labda and tau without attempting an explanation of their significance. 1993 Phoenix 47 297 A mere eight letters of the alphabet are represented..with such indicative ones as labda, pi, rho and sigma absent. β. ?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (Hunterian) f. 73 (MED) [The hyoid bone] is roted in þe wesaunte, & it is liche to a letter of grewe þat is cleped lauda & to a ffigure of 7 in augryme.?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 10^v (MED) Þe second bone..is closed bi a maner commissure descendyng transuersly to maner of laude, a letter, a cifre of 7.γ. 1572 J. Higgins Huloets Dict. (rev. ed.) L, a letter counted among the halfe vowelles, and also a liquid, the Grekes cal it Lamda.1603 P. Holland tr. Plutarch Morals 1324 Whether in the Future tense it [sc. the verb βάλλω] should lose one of the two Lamdaes?1676 E. Coles Eng. Dict. Lambdacism, an insisting too much upon Lambda, the Letter L.1746 T. Nugent tr. C. Lancelot et al. New Method of learning Greek Tongue I. i. ii. 3 The Greeks have 24 Letters, whose Figure, Name, and Power are as followeth:..Thêta..Iôta..Cappa..Lambda [etc.].1750 W. Skurray tr. N. M. Venuti Descr. Heraclea i. iii. 23 The last Letter, Λ is found by the Members of the Cortonian Academy, to be the very Lamda of the Greeks.1799 R. Kirwan Geol. Ess. 285 The calcareous mountains of Savoy are often arched like a lambda.1816 New Monthly Mag. 1 Dec. 406/2 The syllabic denominations of the..Greeks..,the Gamma, Delta, Kappa, Lamda.1855 J. King Amer. Eclectic Obstetr. viii. 47 In shape it resembles the Greek capital, lambda.1898 Flaming Sword 8 Apr. 8/1 The word chelus is formed by dividing chaos, placing the letter Lambda, the symbol of the Almighty vitalizing power, in the middle of the word.1921 Amer. Jrnl. Physical Anthropol. 4 186 The resultant tooth crowns of the molars are a series of figures resembling in outline that of the Greek letter lambda.1987 S. Heaney Haw Lantern 3 Balers drop bales like printouts where stooked sheaves Made lambdas on the stubble once at harvest.2002 N. Tosches In Hand of Dante 178 Lam is also a letter of majesty, and, among the Arabs, it possesses also the numerical value of thirty, as does the lambda of the Greeks, the lamda of the language of your gospels. 2. Anatomy. †a. The occipital bone of the skull. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > skull > parts of skull > [noun] > back of skull lambda?a1425 occiput1578 noddle-bone1611 noll-bone1615 occipital1861 ?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 10^v (MED) And þai ar produced after of parietalez aforsaid fro þe commissurez of laude [a1425 Hunterian lauda; ?c1425 Paris lauerok] vn to þe middes of þe bones of þe templez. c1475 ( Surg. Treat. in MS Wellcome 564 f. 19 (MED) Þe fourþe boon..is clepid lauda. b. A lambdoid suture of the skull. Now usually more fully lambda suture. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > structural parts > joint > joints > [noun] > joints of skull commissure?a1425 lambdac1475 sagittal suture (addition, commissure)?1541 coronal suture1543 sagit?1550 garland-seam1576 commissary1577 agglutination1578 skull-seam1605 lambdoidal suture (commissure)1653 transverse suture1741 orbitar1782 pterion1878 c1475 ( Surg. Treat. in MS Wellcome 564 f. 19 (MED) Þe fourþe boon..is clepid lauda by enchesoun of his seem, þat is callid lauda or ellis sagittalle. 1562 W. Bullein Dial. Sorenes f. xlv, in Bulwarke of Defence The seconde [seame of the scalpe is named] Lambda or Lauda, whiche is in the hinder part of the hedde. 1670 W. Marshall Answers upon Several Heads Philos. 50 The sutures of the head..which concern not the Bones of the upper chap, are either largely toothed sutures, Viz. the Crown suture, the Dart suture, and the Lambda suture. 1893 Proc. Royal Irish Acad. 1891–3 2 764 There is a wormian bone in the sagittal suture a short distance above the lambda suture. 1976 Exper. Neurol. 53 648 The stereotaxic coordinates for the lateral hypothalamic area were 2.6 to 3.7 mm anterior to the lambda suture, [etc.]. 2009 J. J. A. Mooij in M. Sindou et al. Pract. Handbk. Neurosurg. I. 214 The suture between the occipital bone and the parietal bones, the lambda suture, reaches way above the borders of the posterior fossa. c. The point of junction of the sagittal and lambdoid sutures of the skull. ΚΠ 1877 Jrnl. Anthropol. Inst. 6 184 The lambdoidal suture is obliterated at the top of the lambda to an extent of four centimetres. a1948 F. Weidenreich Morphol. Solo Man (1951) 240 The lambda, like the bregma, is located on a second bulge. 2009 N. C. Bambakidis et al. Surg. Cerebellopontine Angle 14/1 The lambdoid suture begins at lambda, where it meets the sagittal suture. 3. Particle Physics. A neutral baryon with a mass of 1116 MeV, a spin of ½, and zero isospin, now regarded as composed of an up, a down, and a strange quark. Also (now usually with distinguishing word): each of two oppositely charged particles having instead of a strange quark a charmed and a bottom quark respectively. Frequently written Λ.The particle was reported in 1950 ( Physical Rev. 80 1099), and subsequently called a V particle (see V n. 5), in allusion to the distinctive shape of its track in particle detectors (W. B. Fowler et al. in Physical Rev. 91 287). ΘΚΠ the world > matter > physics > atomic physics > particle physics > particle participating in strong interaction > baryon > [noun] baryon1953 lambda1954 1954 W. B. Fowler et al. in Physical Rev. 93 861/1 We have reported two examples of Λ⁰ particles produced in hydrogen by negative pions (π⁻) of 1·5-Bev kinetic energy... We are using here the nomenclature suggested for V events at the International Congress on Cosmic Radiation, Bagnères-de-Bigorre, France. Accordingly Λ^{0, +, −} → nucleon + pion + Q_Λ. 1963 K. W. Ford World of Elem. Particles vi. 179 The sigma particle lives too short a time to move a measurable distance.., decaying almost at once into a lambda and a photon (Σ⁰ → Λ⁰ + γ). 1976 New Scientist 5 Aug. 282/3 A peak fell at 2.26 GeV, just about as expected for the charmed lambda minus. 1984 New Scientist 6 Sept. 23/3 The xi..decays to lambda, which itself turns into a proton and a pion. 2002 F. Close et al. Particle Odyssey vii. 116 Not only protons and lambdas, but also pions and kaons have resonant states. II. Symbolic uses. 4. Science. One millionth of a litre; a microlitre. Usually written λ. ΚΠ 1934 P. L. Kirk in Mikrochemie 14 13 It seems logical to use the designations mm³ = μl = λ. Such a procedure could simplify discussion considerably if the letter lambda were used with this significance, and we shall in future adhere to this usage. 1961 A. Steyermark Quantitative Org. Microanal. (ed. 2) i. 2 The terms gamma (γ), and lambda (λ) are to be substituted with microgram (μg.) and microliter (μl.) respectively. 1974 Nature 15 Nov. p. xi (advt.) Corning disposable micro-sampling pipettes are made from ‘Pyrex’ brand borosilicate glass... The accuracy of the graduated 5 Lambda (λ) is ±1%. 2000 G. E. Lyons et al. in R. S. Tuan & C. W. Lo Developmental Biol. Protocols II. xxix. 304 Load 8λ of PCR products and use a small molecular weight DNA ladder that will give good resolution. III. With allusion to position in a sequence. 5. Microbiology. A temperate bacteriophage that infects the common bacterium Escherichia coli and is much used in research in molecular biology. Usually attributive or as postmodifier. Also written λ.Bacteriophage lambda is a double-stranded DNA virus with a polyhedral head and a long non-contractile tail. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > organism > micro-organism > virus > phage > [noun] > types of T1944 lambda1950 heterozygote1952 lambdoid1958 vector1958 the world > life > biology > organism > micro-organism > virus > phage > [adjective] > types of temperate1953 virulent1953 lambdoid1958 lambda1995 1950 E. M. Lederberg Microbial Genetics Bull. Jan. 5 The plaques are due to a phage, lambda, which is carried by most K-12 derivatives in latent form, and to which W-518 is uniquely sensitive. High titers..of lambda have been obtained by inoculating W-518 cultures with plaque material. 1952 J. Lederberg et al. in Cold Spring Harbor Symp. Quant. Biol. 16 436/1 The exposure of sensitive cells to suspensions of the free phage, which we named ‘λ’, by analogy to a killer factor in Paramecium, results in the lysis of a variable proportion of cells. 1988 Mouse News Let. Nov. 116 We have cloned the chromosomal gene in phage lambda and found it to be present as a single copy. 1995 School Sci. Rev. June 29/1 The Sigma catalogue includes photographs showing clearly the bands resulting from the digestion of lambda phage DNA. 2010 J. E. Krebs et al. Lewin's Essent. Genes xi. 287 The best-characterized example of antitermination is provided by phage lambda, in which the phenomenon was discovered. Compounds C1. attributive. Physics. Designating the temperature (approx. 2·17°K) below which liquid helium becomes a superfluid; (also) designating an equivalent temperature for other substances, at which the specific heat increases at an increasing rate as the temperature is approached from below and then drops abruptly when it is reached. Chiefly in lambda point. Also: of or relating to this temperature. Frequently written λ.The curve of specific heat against temperature for helium or another substance somewhat resembles the Greek letter λ at this temperature. ΚΠ 1932 W. H. & A. P. Keesom in Proc. Sect. Sci. Kon. Akad. Wetensch. Amsterdam 35 742 The specific heat of liquid helium at about 2·19°K falls from a value of 3·0 to a value of about 1·1 certainly within 0·02 degree... For convenience sake it is desirable to introduce a name for the point at which this jump occurs. According to a suggestion made by Prof. Ehrenfest we propose to call that point, considering the resemblance of the specific heat curve with the Greek letter λ, the lambda-point. 1940 Physical Rev. 57 417 Measurements..of the coefficient of thermal expansion of pressed specimens of ammonium chloride in the neighbourhood of the λ-point transition at 242·8°K are reported. 1952 J. F. Allen in F. E. Simon et al. Low Temperature Physics iii. 73 The phase diagram of liquid helium..is crossed by a line which has been called the λ-line. 1958 E. U. Condon & H. Odishaw Handbk. Physics v. xi. 159/2 The λ transition involves no detectable change in spatial structure. 1966 K. Mendelssohn Quest for Absolute Zero x. 234 The characteristic feature of superflow..was transport completely free of friction, taking place at a ‘critical velocity’ which only depended on temperature and vanished at the lambda-point. 2007 T. Heinzel Mesoscopic Electronics in Solid State Nanostructures iv. 119 He II tends to creep over any wall of reasonable height, as long as its temperature stays below the λ point. C2. lambda moth n. now rare = gamma moth at gamma n. 4. ΚΠ ?1711 J. Petiver Gazophylacii VII.–VIII. Table 64 The Lamma Moth...This is distinguisht from all others in having a white Mark in each Wing, very like the Greek λ. 1835 J. Rennie Faculties Birds v. 126 The redstart gives to its young such beetles as the aged bird is afraid of swallowing... The brown wren does the same, often giving them the large lambda moth. 1960 New Scientist 24 Mar. 722/2 Spraying with a suspension containing 80 million spores per gramme is effective. Similar dilutions are fatal to cutworms and to the lambda moth, Phytometra gamma L. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2013; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.?a1425
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