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单词 lask
释义

laskn.1

/lɑːsk//lask/
Forms: Also 1500s–1600s laske.
Etymology: < Old Northern French *lasque = Central Old French lasche loosening, relaxation, < lasker = lascher (modern French lâcher) to loosen.
1. Looseness of the bowels, diarrhoea; an attack of this; = lax n.2 1. Now only in veterinary use.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > excretory disorders > [noun] > diarrhoea
diarrhoea1398
squirtc1460
hurl?a1513
gurry?1523
lasking1527
laxity1528
lax?1529
lask1542
skittera1585
looseness1586
scouring1597
laxativeness1610
laxness1634
squitter1664
lurry1689
thorough-go-nimble1694
wherry-go-nimble1766
the trots1808
cholerine1832
squit1841
choleriform1884
tummy1888
gippy tummy1915
shit1928
Rhea sisters1935
belly wuk1943
tomtit1944
run1946
Montezuma's revenge1955
Aztec hop1962
turista1970
1542 Chronicle of Fabyan II. 489 Many honeste persones died of ye hote agues, and of a greate laske.
1574 T. Newton tr. G. Gratarolo Direct. Health Magistrates & Studentes 16 Meate excessively ingurgitate and eaten..engendreth..laskes and vomit.
1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. 93 The Cornell tree..is not good for bees, for if they chance to tast the floure therof, they fal presently into a vehement lask.
1671 W. Salmon Synopsis Medicinæ iii. xxii. 433 Flixweed, the seed stops laskes, and issues of blood.
1727 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Oeconomique (Dublin ed.) Aniseed, has the Virtue to appease Belly-Rumblings and Gripes, Lask, Vomiting, and the Hiccup.
1803 A. Macnab in Prize Ess. & Trans. Highland Soc. Scotl. 2 208 The Lask or Scour..generally originates from feebleness, cold, or grazing on a soft rich pasture, without a mixture of hard grass.
2. A laxative, aperient; = lax n.2 2.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > cleansing or expelling medicines > [noun] > purgative
laxativec1386
abstersive?a1425
purgative?a1425
lax1526
purgation1527
cleanser1528
looser1528
laskc1540
purger1558
solutory1561
scouring1575
expulsive1576
purge1593
solutive1605
opener1610
physica1616
calastic1621
loosener1630
minorative1633
relaxativea1637
cathartic1651
eccoprotic1656
vacuative1656
aperitive1671
spurger1681
aperient1682
hypercathartic1706
chalastic1708
scourer1718
drastic1783
solvent1815
purgament1828
dejector1831
laxation1897
mochlic1907
jollop1955
poop-pusher1966
c1540 Image Ipocrysy iii, in J. Skelton Poet. Wks. (1843) II. 433 They gave ther lorde a laske To purge withall his caske.

Compounds

laskwort n. a herb supposed to be a remedy for ‘lask’ or diarrhoea.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular medicinal plants or parts > [noun] > unidentified types of plants
sagittelc1400
bilgresa1475
cancer1546
alypum1597
nepenthe1605
heart a grasse1609
laskwort1647
the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > astringent or restringent preparations > [noun] > for the bowels > plant-derived
laskwort1647
lopez-root1791
1647 W. Lilly Christian Astrol. ix. 64 Violets, Laskwort [etc.].
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1902; most recently modified version published online June 2021).

laskn.2

/lɑːsk//lask/
Etymology: ? < Middle Dutch lasche, (probably pronounced /lasxə/); modern Dutch lasch, pronounced /las/ piece cut out, flap.
(See quots.)
ΚΠ
1864 J. Couch Hist. Fishes Brit. Islands II. 125 A hook baited with a slice (termed a lask) from the side of a mackarel.
1874 J. G. Wood Out of Doors 581 To pass the hook through the thicker end of the strip—technically called a ‘lask’.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1902; most recently modified version published online March 2018).

laskadj.

Forms: Also Middle English laske.
Etymology: ? < Old Northern French *lasque = Central Old French lasche : see lash adj.
Obsolete.
Loose (in the bowels); relaxed, weak. Cf. lash adj. 2.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > organs of excretion > defecation or urination > defecation > [adjective] > relaxed condition of bowels
laxc1400
solublec1400
laskc1460
loose1508
laxative1546
loose-bellied1565
slippery1597
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > excretory disorders > [adjective] > diarrhoea > of person
laskc1460
lax1530
lasky1552
the world > health and disease > ill health > [adjective] > in state of ill health or diseased > weak
unmightyeOE
unferea1060
unwieldc1220
fade1303
lewc1325
weak1340
fainta1375
sicklyc1374
unwieldyc1386
impotent1390
delicatea1398
lowa1398
unmighta1450
unlustyc1450
low-brought1459
wearyc1480
failed1490
worn1508
caduke?1518
fainty1530
weak1535
debile1536
fluey1545
tewly?1547
faltering1549
puling1549
imbecilec1550
debilitate1552
flash1562
unable1577
unhealthful1595
unabled1597
whindling1601
infirm1608
debilitated1611
bedrid1629
washya1631
silly1636
fluea1645
tender1645
invaletudinary1661
languishant1674
valetudinaire?c1682
puly1688
thriftless1693
unheartya1699
wishy-washy1703
enervate1706
valetudinarian1713
lask1727
wersh1755
palliea1774
wankle1781
asthenic1789
atonic1792
squeal1794
adynamic1803
worn-down1814
totterish1817
asthenical1819
prostrate1820
used up1823
wankya1825
creaky1834
groggy1834
puny1838
imbeciled1840
rickety-rackety1840
muscleless1841
weedy1849
tottery1861
crocky1880
wimbly-wambly1881
ramshackle1889
twitterly1896
twittery1907
wonky1919
strung out1959
c1460 J. Russell Bk. Nurture 91 He [buttir] norishethe a man to be laske.
1721 N. Bailey Universal Etymol. Eng. Dict. Lask, loose in the belly.
1727 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Oeconomique (Dublin ed.) at Fever His [horse's] lips and all his body grows lask and feeble.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1902; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

laskv.

/lɑːsk//lask/
Forms: Also Middle English–1600s laske, Middle English leske.
Etymology: ? < Old Northern French *lasquer = Central Old French lascher (modern French lâcher ) to loosen, relax < popular Latin *lascāre = classical Latin laxāre , < laxus lax adj.
1. transitive. To lower in quality, quantity, or strength, relax; to thin (the blood); to shorten (life); to alleviate (pain). Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > constitution of matter > lack of density > make less dense [verb (transitive)]
thinc1000
laska1375
rarefya1398
subtilea1425
subtiliate1551
extenuate1559
assubtiliate1582
assubtile1589
attenuate1594
subtilize1597
thinnify1693
the world > time > duration > shortness or brevity in time > short duration [verb (transitive)] > shorten
shortc1175
laska1375
abridgec1384
breviatea1529
strait1571
scantelize1611
curta1618
shortena1641
decontract1647
the mind > emotion > pleasure > state of being consoled or relieved > be relieved of [verb (transitive)] > console or relieve > relieve (suffering)
lissea1000
alightOE
allayc1225
softc1225
comfort1297
laya1300
eathea1325
allegea1375
appeasec1374
laska1375
slakea1387
releasea1393
balma1400
to bete one of one's balea1400
to cool a person's caresc1400
delivera1413
leggea1425
mitigate?a1425
repress?a1425
alleviate?a1475
allevya1500
alleve1544
leviate1545
lenify1567
allevate1570
ungrieve1589
straight1604
mulcify1653
balsama1666
solace1667
meliorate1796
a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 950 I wol a litel and litel laskit [i.e. lask it] in hast.
a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 570 Heiȝh heuene king to gode hauene me sende, oþer laske mi liif daywes wiþ-inne a litel terme.
c1400 Lanfranc's Cirurg. 280 Summen seien þat olde men ben able to be kutt, for her blood is miche laskid & her hete.
c1400 Lanfranc's Cirurg. 296 Þou schalt laske his greet blood wiþ blood-letyngis.
a1450 J. Myrc Instr. to Par. Priests 1736 Laske hys peynes or cese hys synne.
c1450 Jacob's Well (1900) 196 For þis superfluyte mayst þou neuere ben heyl in soule, tyl þis blood be leskyd in blood-letyng.
2. intransitive. To become loose in the bowels; to purge.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > organs of excretion > defecation or urination > defecation > [verb (intransitive)]
dritea1000
to do one's filthheadc1300
shit?c1335
to go to siegec1400
scumbera1425
cack1436
to do one's easementa1438
to ease nature, ease oneselfc1440
skite1449
to do of one's needingsc1475
fen1486
dung1508
spurge1530
to cover his feet1535
lask1540
stool1540
to exonerate nature1542
file1564
fiant1575
cucka1605
wray1620
exonerate1631
excrement1632
to do one's ease1645
sir-reverence1665
excrementizec1670
nest1679
poop1689
move1699
defecate1837
crap1874
mire1918
to make a mess1928
mess1937
to go poo-poo (also poo-poos)1960
potty1972
to do a whoopsie (or whoopsies)1973
pooh1975
the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > treatments removing or dispersing matter > remove or disperse [verb (transitive)] > purge
purge1340
loosec1400
physicc1400
scour1489
lask1540
loosen1587
vacuate1651
unload1653
clear1719
1540 R. Jonas tr. E. Roesslin Byrth of Mankynde i. f. xvv Yf the woman..haue ben longe sycke before her labor, yf she haue ben sore laxed [1552 lasked].
1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. ii. i. 344 Soft Childhood puling..Are apt to Laskes [sic] through much humiditie.
1618 Owles Almanacke 43 Then will they untrusse a hoope and laske like a squirt.
1634 R. H. tr. Regim. Salerni 23 Goates milk..maketh a man to laske.
3. Nautical. To ‘go large’; to sail neither ‘by the wind’ nor ‘before the wind’.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > travel by water > directing or managing a ship > use of wind > avail oneself of a wind [verb (intransitive)] > sail with wind abaft the beam
goOE
large1582
to go (sail, etc.) large1615
lask1622
(to go) fluking1840
1622 R. Hawkins Observ. Voiage South Sea xii. 23 When we cast about, shee beganne to vere shete, and to goe away lasking.
1626 J. Smith Accidence Young Sea-men 29 Goe large, laske, ware yawning.
1684 Bucaniers Amer. ii. (1698) 138 We bore up one point of the compass thereby to hinder her lasking away.
1726 Four Years Voy. Capt. G. Roberts 378 You must put the Ship away lasking, or afore the Wind.
1756 Gentleman's Mag. 26 602 The admiral..kept lasking away, angling from the enemy.
1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. Lasking along, sailing away with a quartering wind.
4. Mining. (Apparently used as a word of command: see quot. 1747) Obsolete.
ΚΠ
1747 W. Hooson Miners Dict. sig. Liij Lask [is] a word used in drawing Shafts, Sumps, &c. for Spare Rope, or not enough; as Lask, the Drawer understands he must let down more Rope; and no Lask is that the Rope is too short to hang on the Corfe.

Derivatives

ˈlasking n. Obsolete purging, diarrhoea.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > excretory disorders > [noun] > diarrhoea
diarrhoea1398
squirtc1460
hurl?a1513
gurry?1523
lasking1527
laxity1528
lax?1529
lask1542
skittera1585
looseness1586
scouring1597
laxativeness1610
laxness1634
squitter1664
lurry1689
thorough-go-nimble1694
wherry-go-nimble1766
the trots1808
cholerine1832
squit1841
choleriform1884
tummy1888
gippy tummy1915
shit1928
Rhea sisters1935
belly wuk1943
tomtit1944
run1946
Montezuma's revenge1955
Aztec hop1962
turista1970
1527 L. Andrewe tr. H. Brunschwig Vertuose Boke Distyllacyon sig. Biv The same water..stopped all maner of laskynge.
ˈlasking n. and adj. Nautical ‘(going) large’.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > travel by water > directing or managing a ship > use of wind > [adjective] > going with wind abaft the beam
lasking1882
1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Lasking (Sea-Term), when a Ship sails neither by a Wind, nor directly before the Wind,..she is said To go lasking.
1882 T. Roosevelt Naval War 1812 (1883) 120 The Java..came down in a lasking course on her adversary's weather quarter.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1902; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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n.1c1540n.21864adj.c1460v.a1375
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