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单词 atwite
释义

atwitev.1

Forms: 1. Present stem Old English ætwitan, early Middle English ætwite, Middle English atuite, Middle English atuyte, Middle English atwight, Middle English atwist (2nd singular indicative), Middle English atwyst (2nd singular indicative), Middle English etwite, Middle English–1500s attwite, Middle English–1500s attwyte, Middle English–1500s atwite, Middle English–1500s atwyte, 1500s atwyght; also 3rd singular indicative Old English ætwitt, late Old English ætwit, Middle English atwit, Middle English atwyt, Middle English etwit; N.E.D. (1885) also records a form Middle English atwyȝte. 2. Past tense. a. Strong. (i). Originally 1st and 3rd singular indicative Old English ætwat, Middle English atwot, Middle English etwat; N.E.D. (1885) also records a form early Middle English ætwat. (ii). Plural Old English ædwuioton, Old English ætwiton, Old English ætwitun, Middle English atwite, Middle English atwiten; N.E.D. (1885) also records a form early Middle English ætwiten. b. Weak.

α. Middle English atweste, Middle English atwist, Middle English atwiste.

β. Middle English atwited, Middle English atwytede, Middle English atwytte.

3. Past participle. a. Strong Old English ætwitan (rare), Old English ætwiten, Middle English atwite, Middle English atwiten. b. Weak late Middle English atwytyd, 1500s atwited.
Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: at- prefix1, wite v.1
Etymology: < at- prefix1 + wite v.1 Compare edwite v. and also Old English oþwītan to blame, reproach, to charge with (compare oth prep.). Compare also twit v.In Old English a strong verb of Class I. Middle English forms in e- probably show influence of edwite v., as perhaps do the weak forms of the past tense (see Forms 2bβ. ) and past participle. Forms 2bα. are apparently after wit v.1 (compare past tense forms at that entry).
Obsolete.
1. To blame, reproach, or upbraid (a person) for a specified action, fault, etc.
a. transitive. With the action, fault, etc., as direct object, and the person reproached as indirect object (originally in the dative).
ΚΠ
eOE King Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care (Hatton) (1871) lviii. 443 Forðæm him ætwat Petrus ða dæde ðe he walde..ðæt hi wæren gedrefde & geeaðmedde.
OE Old Eng. Martyrol. (Julius) 23 Jan. (2013) 56 Swiðe anrædlice heo ætwat ðæm hæþnum on Rome heora dysignesse.
c1225 (?c1200) St. Katherine (Royal) (1981) l. 1079 Heo biwende hire aȝein sumdel iwreðet ant etwat ham hare wop wið þulliche wordes.
c1275 (?c1250) Owl & Nightingale (Calig.) (1935) l. 1234 Wi schal he me his sor atwite.
c1330 Seven Sages (Auch.) (1933) l. 1742 And hire misddedes [read misdedes] hire atwot.
a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) iv. l. 2376 Thyng most sclaundrous ther noblesse tatwite.
b. transitive. With the person reproached as object (originally in the dative) and that-clause or of specifying the action, fault, etc., of which he or she is accused.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > testing > accusation, charge > accuse [verb (transitive)]
edwitec825
witec893
accuseOE
bespeaka1000
forwrayOE
atwiteOE
blamea1300
impugn1377
publishc1384
defamea1387
appeach1430
becryc1440
surmisea1485
arguea1522
infame1531
insimulate1532
note1542
tax1548
resperse1551
finger-point1563
chesoun1568
touch1570
disclaim1590
impeach1590
intent1613
question1620
accriminate1641
charge1785
cheek1877
the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disapproval > reproach > [verb (transitive)]
edwitec825
shendc897
lehtriec1000
atwiteOE
gaba1200
begredec1200
tucka1225
reprove?1316
braidc1325
abraidc1330
upbraida1340
reprocec1350
reprucec1350
umbraida1393
reproacha1400
brixlec1400
saya1470
embraid1481
outbraid1509
check1526
twit1530
entwite1541
broide1546
taunt1560
upbray1581
improperate1623
betwit1661
to jack up1896
OE Battle of Maldon (1942) 220 Ne sceolon me on þære þeode þegenas ætwitan þæt ic of ðisse fyrde feran wille, eard gesecan.
a1250 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Nero) (1952) 31 Ne etwiteð him of his unþeau [c1225 Cleo. edwiteð his unðeawes, c1230 Corpus Cambr. edwiten him his unþeaw].
c1275 (?c1250) Owl & Nightingale (Calig.) (1935) l. 1332 Ah ȝet þu..me chist An wel grimliche me at wist Þat ich singe bi manne huse An teache wif breke spuse.
c1330 (c1250) Floris & Blauncheflur (Auch.) (1966) l. 485 Þilke dai schal neuer be, Þat men schal atwite me, Þat I schal ben of loue vntrewe.
a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) viii. 165 Men wil hym atwite That he in gardyns leet pershe þe holsum flours.
a1450 (a1449) J. Lydgate Minor Poems (1934) ii. 842 Somme folke wil hym atwyten of foli.
a1500 (?c1440) J. Lydgate Horse, Goose & Sheep (Lansd.) l. 489 in Minor Poems (1934) ii. 559 Men may..wrongly hem attwite Of sich occasiouns wher he is nat to wite.
c1525 J. Rastell New Commodye Propertes of Women sig. Ci I meruell gretly thou dost me so atwyght Of the dout that thou hast of my secretnes.
2. transitive. With single object. To blame, reproach, or upbraid (a person).In quot. OE with dative.
ΚΠ
OE Paris Psalter (1932) lxxiii. 16 Fynd ætwitað fæcne drihtne [L. inimicus inproperauit Domino], unwis folc ne wat þinne wyrðne naman.
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 13268 Ofte heo heom at-witen.
c1330 (?a1300) Arthour & Merlin (Auch.) (1973) l. 9240 He was wroþ..For Merlin hadde him atwite.
c1350 (a1333) William of Shoreham Poems (1902) 103 So may god an-swerye þe, Wanne þou hym at-wyst.
a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) vii. l. 417 Who is diffoulid non othir sholde atwite.
?1532 Sir T. Eliot tr. Plutarch Educ. or Bringinge up Children i. sig. A.iiiv Durynge theyr liues reproch of ignobilite alway accompanyeth them, which is apte and redy for those that of malyce wyll embraide or atwite them.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2019; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

atwitev.2

Etymology: < at- prefix2 + Old English wítan to go, proceed.
Obsolete. rare.
To depart, go away.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going away > go away [verb (intransitive)]
wendeOE
i-wite971
ashakec975
shakeOE
to go awayOE
witea1000
afareOE
agoOE
atwendOE
awayOE
to wend awayOE
awendOE
gangOE
rimeOE
flitc1175
to fare forthc1200
depart?c1225
part?c1225
partc1230
to-partc1275
biwitec1300
atwitea1325
withdrawa1325
to draw awayc1330
passc1330
to turn one's (also the) backc1330
lenda1350
begonec1370
remuea1375
voidc1374
removec1380
to long awaya1382
twinc1386
to pass one's wayc1390
trussc1390
waive1390
to pass out ofa1398
avoida1400
to pass awaya1400
to turn awaya1400
slakec1400
wagc1400
returnc1405
to be gonea1425
muck1429
packc1450
recede1450
roomc1450
to show (a person) the feetc1450
to come offc1475
to take one's licence1475
issue1484
devoidc1485
rebatea1500
walka1500
to go adieua1522
pikea1529
to go one's ways1530
retire?1543
avaunt1549
to make out1558
trudge1562
vade?1570
fly1581
leave1593
wag1594
to get off1595
to go off1600
to put off1600
shog1600
troop1600
to forsake patch1602
exit1607
hence1614
to give offa1616
to take off1657
to move off1692
to cut (also slip) the painter1699
sheera1704
to go about one's business1749
mizzle1772
to move out1792
transit1797–1803
stump it1803
to run away1809
quit1811
to clear off1816
to clear out1816
nash1819
fuff1822
to make (take) tracks (for)1824
mosey1829
slope1830
to tail out1830
to walk one's chalks1835
to take away1838
shove1844
trot1847
fade1848
evacuate1849
shag1851
to get up and get1854
to pull out1855
to cut (the) cable(s)1859
to light out1859
to pick up1872
to sling one's Daniel or hook1873
to sling (also take) one's hook1874
smoke1893
screw1896
shoot1897
voetsak1897
to tootle off1902
to ship out1908
to take a (run-out, walk-out, etc.) powder1909
to push off1918
to bugger off1922
biff1923
to fuck off1929
to hit, split or take the breeze1931
to jack off1931
to piss offa1935
to do a mick1937
to take a walk1937
to head off1941
to take a hike1944
moulder1945
to chuff off1947
to get lost1947
to shoot through1947
skidoo1949
to sod off1950
peel1951
bug1952
split1954
poop1961
mugger1962
frig1965
society > travel > aspects of travel > departure, leaving, or going away > depart, leave, or go away [verb (intransitive)]
to come awayeOE
wendeOE
i-wite971
ashakec975
shakeOE
to go awayOE
witea1000
afareOE
agoOE
awayOE
dealc1000
goOE
awendOE
rimeOE
to go one's wayOE
flitc1175
depart?c1225
partc1230
to-partc1275
atwitea1325
withdrawa1325
to turn one's (also the) backc1330
lenda1350
begonec1370
remuea1375
removec1380
to long awaya1382
twinc1386
to pass one's wayc1390
trussc1390
to turn awaya1400
returnc1405
to be gonea1425
recede1450
roomc1450
to come offc1475
to take one's licence1475
issue1484
walka1500
to go adieua1522
pikea1529
avaunt1549
trudge1562
vade?1570
discoast1571
leave1593
wag1594
to go off1600
troop1600
hence1614
to set on one's foota1616
to pull up one's stumps1647
quit1811
to clear out1816
slope1830
to walk one's chalks1835
shove1844
to roll out1850
to pull out1855
to light out1859
to take a run-out powder1909
to push off (also along)1923
a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 1049 God at-wot in-to hise ligt.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1885; most recently modified version published online June 2021).
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更新时间:2024/11/10 21:47:43