lanthaniden.

Brit.

/ˈlanθənʌɪd/, U.S.

/ˈlænθəˌnaɪd/

Etymology: < German lanthanid (V. M. Goldschmidt et al. 1925, in Skrifter Norske Vidensk-Akad. (Mat.-nat. Kl.) v. 6), < lanthan lanthanum n.: see -ide suffix.

Chemistry.

Any of the series of elements with an atomic number between 57 (lanthanum) and 71 (lutetium) inclusive, or (following the later definition by Goldschmidt et al., on the suggestion of A. Sommerfeld, in loc. cit. vii. 10), between 58 (cerium) and 71; all these elements occupy a single position in group III a of the periodic table, are predominantly trivalent electropositive metals with similar chemical properties, and occur together in monazite, gadolinite, and certain other minerals. Cf. rare earth n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > elements and compounds > metals > [noun] > groups > lanthanides

lanthanide1926

lanthanide series1945

lanthanate1946

1926 Chem. Abstr. 20 1969 (heading) Synthetic pyro~morphites, vanadinites and mimetites in which lead is partially substituted by lanthanides.

1937 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 662 A large rather coherent group is furnished by the rare-earth elements, comprising the lanthanide family (elements of atomic number from 57 to 71) and yttrium.

1946 J. R. Partington Gen. & Inorg. Chem. x. 262 The rare-earth elements in this period (sometimes called lanthanides, to distinguish them from the total number of rare-earth elements which includes scandium and yttrium in earlier periods).

1950 N. V. Sidgwick Chem. Elements I. 444 Two of the lanthanides, samarium and lutecium, have been found to be radioactive.

1957 Sci. News 45 95 In the conventional periodic table..the pigeon-hole allotted to the element lanthanum..contains fourteen additional elements, formerly called the ‘Rare Earths’, but now usually called the ‘Lanthanons’ or ‘Lanthanides’.

1965 C. S. G. Phillips & R. J. P. Williams Inorg. Chem. I. ii. 46 There occurs a group of 14 elements, the lanthanides or rare-earths, in which the 4f sub-shell is filled.

1973 J. J. Lagowski Mod. Inorg. Chem. xvi. 616 The trivalent lanthanide cations also exhibit striking colors in their crystalline salts and in aqueous solution.

1973 Chem. Soc. Rev. 2 49 The most common practice is to successively add known amounts of the lanthanide shift reagent..to the compound under study..and record the n.m.r. spectrum after each addition.

Compounds

lanthanide contraction n. [translating German lanthanidenkontraktion (V. M. Goldschmidt et al. 1925, in Skrifter Norske Vidensk.-Akad. (Mat.-nat. Kl.) vii. 13)] the decrease in atomic and ionic radii with increasing atomic number observed in the lanthanide series.

ΚΠ

1926 Chem. Abstr. 20 131 ‘Lanthanide contraction’ is the term applied to the volume contraction of the atoms in the rare earth series Ce–Cu [sic]. This contraction opposes the progressive increase of at. vol. in each vertical column of the periodic table.

1945 A. F. Wells Structural Inorg. Chem. iii. 94 As a result of this ‘lanthanide contraction’, so called because it is observed in the elements following lanthanum, certain pairs of elements in the same Periodic Group have practically identical ionic (and atomic) radii.

1971 Jrnl. Inorg. & Nuclear Chem. 33 385 The lanthanide contraction as reflected in certain properties of the lanthanide compounds is not a smooth function of Z.

lanthanide series n. the series of elements from lanthanum (or cerium) to lutetium.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > elements and compounds > metals > [noun] > groups > lanthanides

lanthanide1926

lanthanide series1945

lanthanate1946

1945 G. T. Seaborg in Chem. & Engin. News 23 2192/1 This rare-earth-like series begins with actinium in the same sense that the ‘lanthanide’ series begins with lanthanum. On this basis it might be termed the ‘actinide’ series.

1958 R. D. Connor in O. R. Frisch Nucl. Handbk. iv. §21 The second ‘rare earth’ series starts at actinium and is called the actinide series just as the original series starting at lanthanum is termed the lanthanide series.

1965 B. G. Wybourne Spectrosc. Properties Rare Earths i. 2 As we proceed through the lanthanide series, the nuclear charge, together with the number of 4f-electrons, increases by one at each step.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1976; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	lanthanide
释义	lanthaniden. Brit. /ˈlanθənʌɪd/, U.S. /ˈlænθəˌnaɪd/ Etymology: < German lanthanid (V. M. Goldschmidt et al. 1925, in Skrifter Norske Vidensk-Akad. (Mat.-nat. Kl.) v. 6), < lanthan lanthanum n.: see -ide suffix. Chemistry. Any of the series of elements with an atomic number between 57 (lanthanum) and 71 (lutetium) inclusive, or (following the later definition by Goldschmidt et al., on the suggestion of A. Sommerfeld, in loc. cit. vii. 10), between 58 (cerium) and 71; all these elements occupy a single position in group III a of the periodic table, are predominantly trivalent electropositive metals with similar chemical properties, and occur together in monazite, gadolinite, and certain other minerals. Cf. rare earth n. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > elements and compounds > metals > [noun] > groups > lanthanides lanthanide1926 lanthanide series1945 lanthanate1946 1926 Chem. Abstr. 20 1969 (heading) Synthetic pyro~morphites, vanadinites and mimetites in which lead is partially substituted by lanthanides. 1937 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 662 A large rather coherent group is furnished by the rare-earth elements, comprising the lanthanide family (elements of atomic number from 57 to 71) and yttrium. 1946 J. R. Partington Gen. & Inorg. Chem. x. 262 The rare-earth elements in this period (sometimes called lanthanides, to distinguish them from the total number of rare-earth elements which includes scandium and yttrium in earlier periods). 1950 N. V. Sidgwick Chem. Elements I. 444 Two of the lanthanides, samarium and lutecium, have been found to be radioactive. 1957 Sci. News 45 95 In the conventional periodic table..the pigeon-hole allotted to the element lanthanum..contains fourteen additional elements, formerly called the ‘Rare Earths’, but now usually called the ‘Lanthanons’ or ‘Lanthanides’. 1965 C. S. G. Phillips & R. J. P. Williams Inorg. Chem. I. ii. 46 There occurs a group of 14 elements, the lanthanides or rare-earths, in which the 4f sub-shell is filled. 1973 J. J. Lagowski Mod. Inorg. Chem. xvi. 616 The trivalent lanthanide cations also exhibit striking colors in their crystalline salts and in aqueous solution. 1973 Chem. Soc. Rev. 2 49 The most common practice is to successively add known amounts of the lanthanide shift reagent..to the compound under study..and record the n.m.r. spectrum after each addition. Compounds lanthanide contraction n. [translating German lanthanidenkontraktion (V. M. Goldschmidt et al. 1925, in Skrifter Norske Vidensk.-Akad. (Mat.-nat. Kl.) vii. 13)] the decrease in atomic and ionic radii with increasing atomic number observed in the lanthanide series. ΚΠ 1926 Chem. Abstr. 20 131 ‘Lanthanide contraction’ is the term applied to the volume contraction of the atoms in the rare earth series Ce–Cu [sic]. This contraction opposes the progressive increase of at. vol. in each vertical column of the periodic table. 1945 A. F. Wells Structural Inorg. Chem. iii. 94 As a result of this ‘lanthanide contraction’, so called because it is observed in the elements following lanthanum, certain pairs of elements in the same Periodic Group have practically identical ionic (and atomic) radii. 1971 Jrnl. Inorg. & Nuclear Chem. 33 385 The lanthanide contraction as reflected in certain properties of the lanthanide compounds is not a smooth function of Z. lanthanide series n. the series of elements from lanthanum (or cerium) to lutetium. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > elements and compounds > metals > [noun] > groups > lanthanides lanthanide1926 lanthanide series1945 lanthanate1946 1945 G. T. Seaborg in Chem. & Engin. News 23 2192/1 This rare-earth-like series begins with actinium in the same sense that the ‘lanthanide’ series begins with lanthanum. On this basis it might be termed the ‘actinide’ series. 1958 R. D. Connor in O. R. Frisch Nucl. Handbk. iv. §21 The second ‘rare earth’ series starts at actinium and is called the actinide series just as the original series starting at lanthanum is termed the lanthanide series. 1965 B. G. Wybourne Spectrosc. Properties Rare Earths i. 2 As we proceed through the lanthanide series, the nuclear charge, together with the number of 4f-electrons, increases by one at each step. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1976; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1926
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