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单词 lancet
释义

lancetn.

Brit. /ˈlɑːnsᵻt/, /ˈlansᵻt/, U.S. /ˈlænsət/
Forms: Middle English lancette, lawncette, lawnset, 1500s launcette, 1500s–1700s launcet, 1500s– lancet.
Etymology: < Old French lancette, diminutive of lance lance n.1 Compare Italian lancetta.
1.
a. ? A small lance, a dart. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > sharp weapon > spear or lance > [noun] > small spear or lance
lancetc1420
demi-lance1490
c1420 Siege Rouen in Archaeologia 21 52 And also lawnsetys were leyde on hey, For to schete both ferre an ney.
b. In whale-fishery: = lance n.1 2. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > industry > whaling and seal-hunting > whaling > whaling equipment > [noun] > lance or pole
lancet1753
whale-lance1823
waif-pole1839
whale-pike1851
whale-pole1851
gun-lance1883
1753 J. Bond in Philos. Trans. 1751–2 (Royal Soc.) 47 430 Which the fishers observing, row up and dispatch the whale with long lancets.
2.
a. A surgical instrument of various forms usually with two edges and a point like a lance, used for bleeding, opening abscesses, etc.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > medical appliances or equipment > surgical instruments > [noun] > knife, lancet, or scalpel
blood iron1401
phlebotomec1425
lancentc1440
lancet1474
phlebotomy1477
lancer1537
fleam1552
racer1570
lancelet1574
lance1575
lance-knife1610
catling1617
incision-knife1617
bistort1655
scalpel1742
bistoury1748
dissector1841
scarificator1879
thumb-lancet1903
c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 290 Lawncent [v.r. lawnset], or blode yryne, lanceola.]
1474 W. Caxton tr. Game & Playe of Chesse (1883) iii. iii. 102 He dyde his visage to be cutte wyth a knyf and lancettis endlonge and ouerthwart.
1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 237/1 Lancet, an instrument, lancette.
1543 B. Traheron tr. J. de Vigo Most Excellent Wks. Chirurg. i. ii. f. 40v/2 Cutte the scrophule..wyth a sharpe instrument, as wyth a launcette.
1617 J. Woodall Surgions Mate 28 Without question each Surgeons Mate knoweth a Lancet as well as my selfe.
1665 R. Boyle Occas. Refl. ii. iv. sig. O4v And calls for a Lancet, rather than a Julep.
1775 R. B. Sheridan St. Patrick's Day i. i Such an arm for a bandage, veins that seemed to invite the Lancet.
1837 W. Irving Adventures Capt. Bonneville III. 146 When they underwent the operation of the lancet, the doctor's wife and another lady were present.
1856 R. Druitt Surgeon's Vade Mecum (ed. 7) 631 The operator..pushes the lancet obliquely into the vein.
b. Entomology. (See quot. 1826.)
ΚΠ
1826 W. Kirby & W. Spence Introd. Entomol. III. 362 Scalpella (the Lancets), a pair of instruments, usually more slender than the Cultelli, which probably enter the veins or sap-vessels, and together with them form a tube for suction.
3. Short for lancet arch n., lancet light n., lancet window n.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > architecture > arch > [noun] > other types of arch
bowOE
craba1387
cove1511
triumphal arch (arc)a1566
straight arch1663
pointed arch1688
rough arch1693
jack-arch1700
oxi1700
raking arch1711
flat arch1715
scheme-arch1725
counter-arch1726
ox-eye arch1736
surbased dome1763
ogee1800
rising arch1809
sub-arch1811
deaf arch1815
four-centred arch1815
mixed arch1815
Tudor arch1815
camber1823
lancet arch1823
invert1827
platband1828
pier arch1835
ogive1841
scoinson arch1842
segment1845
skew arch1845
drop-arch1848
equilateral arch1848
lancet1848
rear arch1848
straining-arch1848
tierceron1851
shouldered arch1853
archlet1862
segment-arch1887
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > window or door > types of window > [noun] > other types of window
loop1393
shot-windowc1405
gable window1428
batement light1445
church window1458
shot1513
casement1538
dream-hole1559
luket1564
draw window1567
loop-window1574
loophole1591
tower-windowc1593
thorough lights1600
squinch1602
turret window1603
slit1607
close-shuts1615
gutter window1620
street lighta1625
balcony-window1635
clere-story window1679
slip1730
air-loop1758
Venetian1766
Venetian window1775
sidelight1779
lancet window1781
French casement1804
double window1819
couplet1844
spire-light1846
lancet1848
tower-light1848
triplet1849
bar-window1857
pair-light1868
nook window1878
coupled windows1881
three-light1908–9
north-light1919
storm window1933
borrowed light1934
Thermopane1941
storms1952
1848 B. Webb Sketches Continental Ecclesiol. 45 Two stages of tall Pointed arches, and a huge lancet within each.
1864 Ld. Tennyson Aylmer's Field in Enoch Arden, etc. 83 Greenish glimmerings thro' the lancets.
a1878 G. G. Scott Lect. Mediæval Archit. (1879) I. 296 Some gable-end with its lofty lancets shows the noble scale of the ancient church.

Compounds

C1. General attributive.
lancet edge n.
ΚΠ
1875 J. Lukin Carpentry & Joinery 52 A side filister..having a second point or lancet edge to cut the fibres across as the work proceeds.
lancet-ichthyodont n. Obsolete
ΚΠ
1708 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 26 78 The Lancet or Mucronated Ichthyodont.
lancet-pointed adj. cf. Compounds 3.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > medical appliances or equipment > surgical instruments > [adjective] > pointed
punctual?1541
button-pointed1659
lancet-pointed1888
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > architecture > style of architecture > [adjective] > Early English
Early Pointed1804
Early English1807
first pointed1819
E.E.1848
lancet-pointed1888
1888 Cent. Mag. Aug. 585/1 These parts..are all in the Lancet-Pointed (Early English) style.
1956 Nature 10 Mar. 484/1 This is then crushed to a very fine paste by means of a lancet-pointed dissecting needle.
lancet-shaped adj.
ΚΠ
1890 J. Cagney tr. R. von Jaksch Clin. Diagnosis vi. 155 Certain lancet-shaped bodies.
C2.
lancet-fish n. the doctor-fish (Acanthurus).
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > fish > superorder Acanthopterygii (spiny fins) > order Perciformes (perches) > [noun] > suborder Acanthuroidei > member of family Acanthuridae (surgeon-fish)
tang1735
doctor1775
unicorn acanthurus1803
lancet-fish1840
surgeon1855
surgeonfish1871
shoemaker1891
medico1902
1840 R. Mudie in E. Blyth et al. Cuvier's Animal Kingdom (1849) 303 Acanthurus, Lancet-fishes, have..a strong spine on each side of the tail, as sharp as a lancet, with which they inflict severe wounds.
lancet-loupe n. Obsolete a loophole for throwing darts (cf. 1a).
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > defensive walls > [noun] > loophole
loop1393
lancet-loupe1562
loophole1591
barbican1600
eyelet hole1774
arrow slit1789
meurtrière1802
murderess1802
shot-hole1819
arrowlet1837
arrow loop1840
eyelet1851
musket-slit1856
cross-oylet1859
shoot-hole1892
1562 T. Phaer tr. Virgil Æneid ix. C c j The Troyans..through their launcet loupes their whirling darts do thick bestowe.
C3. Architecture.
lancet arch n. one with an acutely-pointed head resembling the blade of a lancet.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > architecture > arch > [noun] > other types of arch
bowOE
craba1387
cove1511
triumphal arch (arc)a1566
straight arch1663
pointed arch1688
rough arch1693
jack-arch1700
oxi1700
raking arch1711
flat arch1715
scheme-arch1725
counter-arch1726
ox-eye arch1736
surbased dome1763
ogee1800
rising arch1809
sub-arch1811
deaf arch1815
four-centred arch1815
mixed arch1815
Tudor arch1815
camber1823
lancet arch1823
invert1827
platband1828
pier arch1835
ogive1841
scoinson arch1842
segment1845
skew arch1845
drop-arch1848
equilateral arch1848
lancet1848
rear arch1848
straining-arch1848
tierceron1851
shouldered arch1853
archlet1862
segment-arch1887
1823 P. Nicholson New Pract. Builder 587 Lancet-arch.
1848 J. H. Parker Rickman's Styles Archit. Eng. (ed. 5) 50 Lancet arches..have a radius longer than the breadth of the arch.
lancet Gothic n.
ΚΠ
1836 Gentleman's Mag. Feb. 164/2 A chapel..The style is the lancet Gothic.
lancet light n.
ΚΠ
1861 J. H. Parker Introd. Study Gothic Archit. (ed. 2) iv. 114 In the transept of Salisbury Cathedral..is a good example of a window of four lancet-lights.
lancet style n.
ΚΠ
1849 E. A. Freeman Hist. Archit. 352 The details lose the great distinctness of the Lancet style.
lancet window n. a high and narrow window terminating in a lancet arch.
ΘΚΠ
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > window or door > types of window > [noun] > other types of window
loop1393
shot-windowc1405
gable window1428
batement light1445
church window1458
shot1513
casement1538
dream-hole1559
luket1564
draw window1567
loop-window1574
loophole1591
tower-windowc1593
thorough lights1600
squinch1602
turret window1603
slit1607
close-shuts1615
gutter window1620
street lighta1625
balcony-window1635
clere-story window1679
slip1730
air-loop1758
Venetian1766
Venetian window1775
sidelight1779
lancet window1781
French casement1804
double window1819
couplet1844
spire-light1846
lancet1848
tower-light1848
triplet1849
bar-window1857
pair-light1868
nook window1878
coupled windows1881
three-light1908–9
north-light1919
storm window1933
borrowed light1934
Thermopane1941
storms1952
1781 T. Warton Specimen Hist. Oxfordshire (1783) 17 Mouldings of lancet windows.
1867 G. MacDonald Ann. Quiet Neighbourhood I. ii. 32 The dusky light that came through a small lancet window.

Derivatives

lanceˈteer n. one who uses a lancet; a surgeon.
ΚΠ
1824 Examiner 8/2 A person named Mort–r, a lanceteer, residing in the same place.
lanˈceted adj. (of a window) having a lancet arch; (of a church) having lancet-windows.
ΘΚΠ
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > window or door > types of window > [adjective] > other types of window
three-light1618
casemented1759
mullioned1763
quarried1805
lanceolated1821
supermullioned1838
north-facing1846
lanceted1855
lanciform1855
leaded1855
unmullioned1857
quarrelled1868
through-archa1878
shaftless1881
lanceolate1883
vitrailed1884
double-glazed1910
wind-up1951
screenless1976
thermal pane1978
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > window or door > types of window > [adjective] > other types of window > having
looped1608
lanceted1855
bottle-windowed1899
1855 W. Whewell in J. M. Douglas Life & Corr. W. Whewell (1881) 562 Where, rich-glowing, the light streams through the lanceted window.
1864 J. Crowdy Church Choirmaster 27 A little lancetted church.

Draft additions 1997

lancet clock n. a bracket clock having a case shaped like a lancet arch.
ΘΚΠ
the world > time > instruments for measuring time > clock > [noun] > other types of clock
watch-clock1592
German clock1598
quarter clocka1631
wheel-clock1671
table clocka1684
month clock1712
astronomical clock1719
musical clock1721
repeater1725
Tompion1727
pulling clock1733
regulator1735
eight-day clock1741
regulator clock1750
French clock1757
repetition clock1765
day clock1766
striker1778
chiming clock1789
cuckoo-clock1789
night clock1823
telltale1827
carriage clock1828
fly-clock1830
steeple clock1830
telltale clock1832
skeleton clock1842
telegraph clock1842
star clock1850
weight-clock1850
prison clock1853
crystal clock1854
pillar scroll top clock1860
sheep's-head clock1872
presentation clock1875
pillar clock1880
stop-clock1881
Waterbury1882
calendar-clock1884
ting-tang clock1884
birdcage clock1886
sheep's head1887
perpetual calendar1892
bracket clock1894
Act of Parliament clock1899
cartel clock1899
banjo-clock1903
master clock1904
lantern clock1913
time clock1919
evolutionary clock1922
lancet clock1922
atomic clock1927
quartz clock1934
clock radio1946
real-time clock1953
organ clock1956
molecular clock1974
travelling clock2014
1899 F. J. Britten Old Clocks & Watches 333 The ‘lancet’ case, in the form of a pointed Norman or Gothic arch, and named from its resemblance to the well-known cutting instrument used by surgeons.]
1922 A. M. Britten F. J. Britten's Old Clocks & Watches (ed. 5) Index 815/2 Lancet clocks.
1973 A. Bird Eng. House Clocks: 1600–1850 xi. 219 The antique trade name for this style is ‘lancet clock’, and they appear nearly always to have been black.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1901; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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