kithn.

Brit.

/kɪθ/, U.S.

/kɪθ/

Forms: Old English cyþþo, cyþ(þ, Middle English ceþ, cheþ, Middle English cuþþe, (Middle English cuþþhe, kuþþe, cuth), Middle English keþþe, kiþþe, kiþ, kyþ, ( kyþthe, kitth, kitthe, kiyth, kuith, kuythe, kygth, kid, kidh), Middle English kithe, kythe, ( kyght, kyghte, Middle English kyghth, kide), Middle English–1500s kyth, Middle English– kith. β. 1500s–1600s kiffe, 1600s–1700s kiff.

Etymology: Old English cýðð , cýð , earlier cýððu = Old High German chundida < Old Germanic *kunþiþā , abstract noun < *kunþ- known, Old English cúð , couth n.² In Middle English the u(ü) forms were s.w., the e forms Kentish.

†1. Knowledge, acquaintance with something; knowledge communicated, information. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > information > [noun]

kithc900

avaymentc1315

learningc1386

information1390

knowledgea1398

witteringa1400

witting1417

advicec1425

hearinga1450

understanding1473

intelligence?a1475

intellectionc1475

wit1487

instructiona1535

myance1552

fact1566

aviso1589

facts and figures1727

tell1823

message1828

renseignement1841

khubber1878

dope1901

lowdown1905

info1907

poop1911

oil1915

score1938

gen1940

intel1961

scam1964

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > [noun] > knowledge of, acquaintance

kithc900

acquaintancec1540

skill1587

skilfulnessa1656

acquaintedness1661

c900 tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. v. xxii[i.] Of minre sylfre cyþþe.

c1000 Ælfric Homilies I. 396 Þe nane cyððe to Gode næfdon.

a1400 Sir Perc. 1281 So kyndly takes he that kyth, That up he rose and went hym wyth.

c1450 in T. Wright & J. O. Halliwell Reliquiæ Antiquæ (1845) I. 308 Spare noȝth an hauke yf he lye in thy kyth.

†2. Knowledge how to behave; rules of etiquette. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > [noun] > knowledge of how to behave

kitha1375

savoir faire1788

move1966

a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 331 Whanne þou komest to kourt among þe kete lordes, & knowest alle þe kuþþes þat to kourt langes.

1508 Golagros & Gawane (Chepman & Myllar) sig. avi^v The king cumly in kith couerit with croune.

1804 W. Tarras Poems 32 (Jam.) But nature, thy feature, An' mien o' various kythe.

†3. The country or place that is known or familiar; one's native land, home; hence gen. country, region, quarter. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > a land or country > [noun]

landc725

kithc888

thedec888

earthOE

groundOE

foldOE

countryc1300

marchc1330

nationc1330

wonec1330

provincea1382

soila1400

strandc1400

terragec1440

room1468

limita1513

limitationa1527

seat1535

terrene1863

negara1955

negeri1958

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > a land or country > [noun] > homeland or native land

kithc888

etheleOE

erdOE

homeOE

motherOE

fatherlandc1275

countrya1300

soila1400

countrywarda1425

motherland1565

mother country1567

patrie1581

native1604

homelanda1627

home country1707

patria1707

old country1751

the (old) sod1812

home birth1846

Vaterland1852

old sod1863

motherland1895

Bongo Bongo1911

sireland1922

c888 Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. xxvii. §4 Þæt hi on heora agenre cyþþe ealne weg mægen.

c888 Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. xxxiii. §4 Þæs wæteres agnu cyþ is on eorþan.

a1175 Cott. Hom. 231 Þa sende se king his ærndraches of fif ceðen to alle his underþeoden.

a1175 Cott. Hom. 235 Isent of fif cheðen.

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 1218 Guendoleine he sende into hire fader londe...in-to hire cuððe.

1362 W. Langland Piers Plowman A. iii. 197 He hedde beo lord of þat lond..And eke kyng of þat cuþþe.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 5452 Drightin þan was our eldres wit, He mon yow bring in to your kyth [Gött. kid].

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 9074 Far wil i fle In vncuth kygth [Fairf. kiþ] fra þis cuntre.

?a1400 Morte Arth. 3997 Þe kyng..kayres furthe with þe cors in kyghte þare he lenges.

c1440 York Myst. xviii. 91 Us most flee Owte of oure kyth where we are knowyn.

1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid vii. iii. 59 Sers and inquyr..of this kith quhair standis the cheif citee.

†4. The persons who are known or familiar, taken collectively; one's friends, fellow-countrymen, or neighbours; acquaintance; in later use sometimes confused with kin: see 5. Obsolete or archaic except as in 5.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > relations or kindred > [noun] > relations and friends

kithc1000

thineOE

kith and kin1377

lyancec1380

you and yoursa1400

peoplea1425

alliance1548

homefolk1798

the mind > emotion > love > friendliness > [noun] > state of being acquainted > acquaintance > those with whom one is acquainted

couthc1000

kithc1000

knownc1350

knowledge1389

kithinga1400

acquaintancea1425

circle1646

sphere1839

c1000 West Saxon Gospels: Luke (Corpus Cambr.) ii. 44 Hig..hine sohton betux his magas & his cuðan [Lindisf. cuðo, Rushw. cyððo].

c1325 Metr. Hom. 108 Thai him soht Imang thair kith.

c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. Wace (Rolls) 8443 Þe men of kuythe þat he wel knewe, Þat he wyste were gode and trewe.

1614 J. Davies in W. Browne Shepheards Pipe sig. G6 My neer kith.

1825 J. T. Brockett Gloss. North Country Words Kith, acquaintance... Not obsolete as stated in Todd's John.

1848 E. Bulwer-Lytton Harold I. iii. iii. 192 High persons of his own kith.

5. kith and kin: originally. Country and kinsfolk (see 3); in later use, Acquaintance and kinsfolk, one's friends and relatives; in modern use often taken merely as a pleonastic phrase for Kinsfolk, relatives, family connections. (Formerly sometimes corrupted to kiff and kin.)

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > relations or kindred > [noun] > relations and friends

kithc1000

thineOE

kith and kin1377

lyancec1380

you and yoursa1400

peoplea1425

alliance1548

homefolk1798

α.

1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. xv. 497 How riȝtwis men..Fer fro kitth and fro kynne yuel yclothed ȝeden.

a1400 Octouian 1822 I-dryue Ywas,..From ken and kyghth.

?c1450 Life St. Cuthbert (1891) l. 23 Of saynt cuthbert kyth and kynne.

1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Miv/2 Kith, or kin, cognatio.

a1796 R. Burns Poems & Songs (1968) II. 885 My Lady's white, my Lady's red, And kith and kin o' Cassillis' blude.

1824 Ld. Byron Don Juan: Canto XV xxxi. 20 Daughters, brothers, sisters, kith or kin.

1872 W. Black Strange Adventures Phaeton viii If any extra bit of comfort or kindness is wanted for their own kith and kin.

β. 1580 T. Tusser Fiue Hundred Pointes Good Husbandrie (new ed.) f. 10 For kiffe nor for kin.1584 R. Wilson Three Ladies of London sig. Aii^v They forsake..Prince, Countrey, Religion, kiffe and kinne.a1627 T. Middleton Chast Mayd in Cheape-side (1630) iv. 47 A Mayd that's neither kiffe nor kin to me.1719 in T. D'Urfey Wit & Mirth IV. 151 To visit Kiff and Kin.figurative.1851 E. B. Browning Casa Guidi Windows i. xxiii. 61 Mark the natural kiths and kins Of circumstance and office.1861 F. M. Müller Lect. Sci. Lang. iv. 156 That Greek and Latin were of the same kith and kin as the language of the black inhabitants of India.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1901; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	kith
释义	kithn. Brit. /kɪθ/, U.S. /kɪθ/ Forms: Old English cyþþo, cyþ(þ, Middle English ceþ, cheþ, Middle English cuþþe, (Middle English cuþþhe, kuþþe, cuth), Middle English keþþe, kiþþe, kiþ, kyþ, ( kyþthe, kitth, kitthe, kiyth, kuith, kuythe, kygth, kid, kidh), Middle English kithe, kythe, ( kyght, kyghte, Middle English kyghth, kide), Middle English–1500s kyth, Middle English– kith. β. 1500s–1600s kiffe, 1600s–1700s kiff. Etymology: Old English cýðð , cýð , earlier cýððu = Old High German chundida < Old Germanic kunþiþā , abstract noun < kunþ- known, Old English cúð , couth n.² In Middle English the u(ü) forms were s.w., the e forms Kentish. †1. Knowledge, acquaintance with something; knowledge communicated, information. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > communication > information > [noun] kithc900 avaymentc1315 learningc1386 information1390 knowledgea1398 witteringa1400 witting1417 advicec1425 hearinga1450 understanding1473 intelligence?a1475 intellectionc1475 wit1487 instructiona1535 myance1552 fact1566 aviso1589 facts and figures1727 tell1823 message1828 renseignement1841 khubber1878 dope1901 lowdown1905 info1907 poop1911 oil1915 score1938 gen1940 intel1961 scam1964 the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > [noun] > knowledge of, acquaintance kithc900 acquaintancec1540 skill1587 skilfulnessa1656 acquaintedness1661 c900 tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. v. xxii[i.] Of minre sylfre cyþþe. c1000 Ælfric Homilies I. 396 Þe nane cyððe to Gode næfdon. a1400 Sir Perc. 1281 So kyndly takes he that kyth, That up he rose and went hym wyth. c1450 in T. Wright & J. O. Halliwell Reliquiæ Antiquæ (1845) I. 308 Spare noȝth an hauke yf he lye in thy kyth. †2. Knowledge how to behave; rules of etiquette. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > [noun] > knowledge of how to behave kitha1375 savoir faire1788 move1966 a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 331 Whanne þou komest to kourt among þe kete lordes, & knowest alle þe kuþþes þat to kourt langes. 1508 Golagros & Gawane (Chepman & Myllar) sig. avi^v The king cumly in kith couerit with croune. 1804 W. Tarras Poems 32 (Jam.) But nature, thy feature, An' mien o' various kythe. †3. The country or place that is known or familiar; one's native land, home; hence gen. country, region, quarter. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > a land or country > [noun] landc725 kithc888 thedec888 earthOE groundOE foldOE countryc1300 marchc1330 nationc1330 wonec1330 provincea1382 soila1400 strandc1400 terragec1440 room1468 limita1513 limitationa1527 seat1535 terrene1863 negara1955 negeri1958 society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > a land or country > [noun] > homeland or native land kithc888 etheleOE erdOE homeOE motherOE fatherlandc1275 countrya1300 soila1400 countrywarda1425 motherland1565 mother country1567 patrie1581 native1604 homelanda1627 home country1707 patria1707 old country1751 the (old) sod1812 home birth1846 Vaterland1852 old sod1863 motherland1895 Bongo Bongo1911 sireland1922 c888 Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. xxvii. §4 Þæt hi on heora agenre cyþþe ealne weg mægen. c888 Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. xxxiii. §4 Þæs wæteres agnu cyþ is on eorþan. a1175 Cott. Hom. 231 Þa sende se king his ærndraches of fif ceðen to alle his underþeoden. a1175 Cott. Hom. 235 Isent of fif cheðen. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 1218 Guendoleine he sende into hire fader londe...in-to hire cuððe. 1362 W. Langland Piers Plowman A. iii. 197 He hedde beo lord of þat lond..And eke kyng of þat cuþþe. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 5452 Drightin þan was our eldres wit, He mon yow bring in to your kyth [Gött. kid]. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 9074 Far wil i fle In vncuth kygth [Fairf. kiþ] fra þis cuntre. ?a1400 Morte Arth. 3997 Þe kyng..kayres furthe with þe cors in kyghte þare he lenges. c1440 York Myst. xviii. 91 Us most flee Owte of oure kyth where we are knowyn. 1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid vii. iii. 59 Sers and inquyr..of this kith quhair standis the cheif citee. †4. The persons who are known or familiar, taken collectively; one's friends, fellow-countrymen, or neighbours; acquaintance; in later use sometimes confused with kin: see 5. Obsolete or archaic except as in 5. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > relations or kindred > [noun] > relations and friends kithc1000 thineOE kith and kin1377 lyancec1380 you and yoursa1400 peoplea1425 alliance1548 homefolk1798 the mind > emotion > love > friendliness > [noun] > state of being acquainted > acquaintance > those with whom one is acquainted couthc1000 kithc1000 knownc1350 knowledge1389 kithinga1400 acquaintancea1425 circle1646 sphere1839 c1000 West Saxon Gospels: Luke (Corpus Cambr.) ii. 44 Hig..hine sohton betux his magas & his cuðan [Lindisf. cuðo, Rushw. cyððo]. c1325 Metr. Hom. 108 Thai him soht Imang thair kith. c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. Wace (Rolls) 8443 Þe men of kuythe þat he wel knewe, Þat he wyste were gode and trewe. 1614 J. Davies in W. Browne Shepheards Pipe sig. G6 My neer kith. 1825 J. T. Brockett Gloss. North Country Words Kith, acquaintance... Not obsolete as stated in Todd's John. 1848 E. Bulwer-Lytton Harold I. iii. iii. 192 High persons of his own kith. 5. kith and kin: originally. Country and kinsfolk (see 3); in later use, Acquaintance and kinsfolk, one's friends and relatives; in modern use often taken merely as a pleonastic phrase for Kinsfolk, relatives, family connections. (Formerly sometimes corrupted to kiff and kin.) ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > relations or kindred > [noun] > relations and friends kithc1000 thineOE kith and kin1377 lyancec1380 you and yoursa1400 peoplea1425 alliance1548 homefolk1798 α. 1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. xv. 497 How riȝtwis men..Fer fro kitth and fro kynne yuel yclothed ȝeden. a1400 Octouian 1822 I-dryue Ywas,..From ken and kyghth. ?c1450 Life St. Cuthbert (1891) l. 23 Of saynt cuthbert kyth and kynne. 1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Miv/2 Kith, or kin, cognatio. a1796 R. Burns Poems & Songs (1968) II. 885 My Lady's white, my Lady's red, And kith and kin o' Cassillis' blude. 1824 Ld. Byron Don Juan: Canto XV xxxi. 20 Daughters, brothers, sisters, kith or kin. 1872 W. Black Strange Adventures Phaeton viii If any extra bit of comfort or kindness is wanted for their own kith and kin. β. 1580 T. Tusser Fiue Hundred Pointes Good Husbandrie (new ed.) f. 10 For kiffe nor for kin.1584 R. Wilson Three Ladies of London sig. Aii^v They forsake..Prince, Countrey, Religion, kiffe and kinne.a1627 T. Middleton Chast Mayd in Cheape-side (1630) iv. 47 A Mayd that's neither kiffe nor kin to me.1719 in T. D'Urfey Wit & Mirth IV. 151 To visit Kiff and Kin.figurative.1851 E. B. Browning Casa Guidi Windows i. xxiii. 61 Mark the natural kiths and kins Of circumstance and office.1861 F. M. Müller Lect. Sci. Lang. iv. 156 That Greek and Latin were of the same kith and kin as the language of the black inhabitants of India. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1901; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † kithv. Forms: Middle English cuððen, ( Orm.) kiþþenn, Middle English kuþþe(n, keþþe. Etymology: Early Middle English cuððen (ü ), representing an Old English cýððan , < cýð(ð* , kith n. Obsolete. transitive. To make friendly or familiar; reflexive to become acquainted, or associate oneself (with); to greet each other as friends or familiar acquaintances. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > love > friendliness > make friends with [verb (transitive)] > make friendly or familiar kithc1175 intimate1642 familiarize1709 c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 16979 Þatt he wiþþ crist i sunnderr run. Himm awihht haffde kiþþedd. c1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 45 Wille we..mid swiche weldede cuððen us wið alre kingene king. a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 4964 Whan þei samen mette, with clipping & kissing to keþþe hem to-gadere. a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 1011 Þan eiþer hent oþer hastely in armes, & wiþ kene kosses kuþþed hem to-gidere. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1901; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.c888v.c1175
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kithn.

† kithv.