Kolin.

Brit.

/ˈkəʊli/, U.S.

/ˈkoʊli/

Forms: 1500s Colle, 1600s Collee, 1600s Coolye, 1600s–1700s Coulee, 1600s Koulli, 1600s Quullee, 1600s–1700s Coolie, 1600s–1800s Coolee, 1700s Coulie, 1800s Kholee, 1800s Kolee, 1800s Koolee, 1800s– Koli, 1800s– Kuli.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Dutch. Partly a borrowing from Portuguese. Partly a borrowing from Gujarati. Etymons: Dutch Colles; Portuguese Coles; Gujarati koḷī.

Etymology: Partly < (i) Dutch Colles (1596 in the passage translated in quot. 1598) and its etymon (ii) Portuguese Coles, Colles (mid 16th cent.), all plural ( < Gujarati koḷī , self-designation), and partly directly (iii) < Gujarati koḷī. Compare coolie n. (see quot. 1825).Compare also Kol n., Kolarian n., although it is uncertain whether or how these peoples are related to the Koli. The relationship of the name of the Koli with that of a caste of weavers (compare Kori n.² and forms at that entry) is also unclear.

A member of a people of Gujarat and the north-west of Maharashtra in western India.Quots. until the mid 19th cent. often reflect a former reputation for robbery and lawlessness.

ΚΠ

1598 W. Phillip tr. J. H. van Linschoten Disc. Voy. E. & W. Indies i. xxvii. 48/2 Others that yet dwell within the countrie called Colles [Du. Colles]: which Colles..doe yet liue by robbing and stealing.

1609 W. Finch Jrnl. in S. Purchas Pilgrims (1625) I. iv. iv. §6. 436 A certain Raiaw [of]..the people called Collees or Quullees, keeping in a Desart Wildernesse, which secures him from Conquest.

1630 H. Lord Display Two Forraigne Sects 85 The husbandmen or inferior sort of people, called the Coulees.

1638 T. Herbert Some Yeares Trav. (rev. ed.) 76 To live a while in Gusarat..to..extirpate that rascall race of Coolyes and Bielsgrates.

1655 E. Terry Voy. E.-India 192 Those who inhabit the Countrey Villages, are called Coolees, these till the ground, and breed up Cattel, and other things for provision, as Henns, &c.

1698 J. Fryer New Acct. E.-India & Persia 164 The Inhabitants of Ramnagur are the Salvages called Coolies.

1727 A. Hamilton New Acct. E. Indies I. xiii. 143 The Rasspouts and Coulies make Inroads into this Province [sc. Cambay], and plunder even to the Gates of the City.

1757 J. H. Grose Voy. E.-Indies x. 209 Other tribes of the Gentoo mountaineers, as the Rashpoots, Coolies, and Warrells.

1820 Trans. Lit. Soc. Bombay 3 355 In the profession of thieving the Koolees may be said to act con amore.

1825 R. Heber Jrnl. 16 Mar. in Narr. Journey Upper Provinces India (1828) II. xxiv. 116 A Kholee, the name of a degenerate race of Rajpoots in Guzerât, who, from the low occupations in which they are generally employed, have (under the corrupt name of Coolee) given a name..to bearers of burthens all over India.

1856 A. K. Forbes tr. Râs Mâlâ I. 103 The Koolees lived for a long time on the sea-shore, in the neighbourhood of the Indus.

1881 W. W. Hunter Imperial Gazetteer India III. 188 The aboriginal race of Kulís is rapidly rising in the scale of civilization.

1939 Bull. School Oriental Stud. 9 1010 North Gujarat contains a very large number of Koḷīs.

1957 G. S. Ghurye Mahadev Kolis i. 4 Many sections of Kolis describe themselves as Mahadev Kolis in order to be able to claim the special benefits of the Scheduled Tribes.

1992 N. B. Hankin Hanklyn-Janklin 43/1 The adivasi [i.e. indigenous] Kuli tribals of Gujarat.

2001 V. Prashad Everybody was Kung Fu Fighting i. 8 The many languages of the western coast of India, from the Kolis' several dialects to Sanskrit-based Konkani.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	koli
释义	Kolin. Brit. /ˈkəʊli/, U.S. /ˈkoʊli/ Forms: 1500s Colle, 1600s Collee, 1600s Coolye, 1600s–1700s Coulee, 1600s Koulli, 1600s Quullee, 1600s–1700s Coolie, 1600s–1800s Coolee, 1700s Coulie, 1800s Kholee, 1800s Kolee, 1800s Koolee, 1800s– Koli, 1800s– Kuli. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Dutch. Partly a borrowing from Portuguese. Partly a borrowing from Gujarati. Etymons: Dutch Colles; Portuguese Coles; Gujarati koḷī. Etymology: Partly < (i) Dutch Colles (1596 in the passage translated in quot. 1598) and its etymon (ii) Portuguese Coles, Colles (mid 16th cent.), all plural ( < Gujarati koḷī , self-designation), and partly directly (iii) < Gujarati koḷī. Compare coolie n. (see quot. 1825).Compare also Kol n., Kolarian n., although it is uncertain whether or how these peoples are related to the Koli. The relationship of the name of the Koli with that of a caste of weavers (compare Kori n.² and forms at that entry) is also unclear. A member of a people of Gujarat and the north-west of Maharashtra in western India.Quots. until the mid 19th cent. often reflect a former reputation for robbery and lawlessness. ΚΠ 1598 W. Phillip tr. J. H. van Linschoten Disc. Voy. E. & W. Indies i. xxvii. 48/2 Others that yet dwell within the countrie called Colles [Du. Colles]: which Colles..doe yet liue by robbing and stealing. 1609 W. Finch Jrnl. in S. Purchas Pilgrims (1625) I. iv. iv. §6. 436 A certain Raiaw [of]..the people called Collees or Quullees, keeping in a Desart Wildernesse, which secures him from Conquest. 1630 H. Lord Display Two Forraigne Sects 85 The husbandmen or inferior sort of people, called the Coulees. 1638 T. Herbert Some Yeares Trav. (rev. ed.) 76 To live a while in Gusarat..to..extirpate that rascall race of Coolyes and Bielsgrates. 1655 E. Terry Voy. E.-India 192 Those who inhabit the Countrey Villages, are called Coolees, these till the ground, and breed up Cattel, and other things for provision, as Henns, &c. 1698 J. Fryer New Acct. E.-India & Persia 164 The Inhabitants of Ramnagur are the Salvages called Coolies. 1727 A. Hamilton New Acct. E. Indies I. xiii. 143 The Rasspouts and Coulies make Inroads into this Province [sc. Cambay], and plunder even to the Gates of the City. 1757 J. H. Grose Voy. E.-Indies x. 209 Other tribes of the Gentoo mountaineers, as the Rashpoots, Coolies, and Warrells. 1820 Trans. Lit. Soc. Bombay 3 355 In the profession of thieving the Koolees may be said to act con amore. 1825 R. Heber Jrnl. 16 Mar. in Narr. Journey Upper Provinces India (1828) II. xxiv. 116 A Kholee, the name of a degenerate race of Rajpoots in Guzerât, who, from the low occupations in which they are generally employed, have (under the corrupt name of Coolee) given a name..to bearers of burthens all over India. 1856 A. K. Forbes tr. Râs Mâlâ I. 103 The Koolees lived for a long time on the sea-shore, in the neighbourhood of the Indus. 1881 W. W. Hunter Imperial Gazetteer India III. 188 The aboriginal race of Kulís is rapidly rising in the scale of civilization. 1939 Bull. School Oriental Stud. 9 1010 North Gujarat contains a very large number of Koḷīs. 1957 G. S. Ghurye Mahadev Kolis i. 4 Many sections of Kolis describe themselves as Mahadev Kolis in order to be able to claim the special benefits of the Scheduled Tribes. 1992 N. B. Hankin Hanklyn-Janklin 43/1 The adivasi [i.e. indigenous] Kuli tribals of Gujarat. 2001 V. Prashad Everybody was Kung Fu Fighting i. 8 The many languages of the western coast of India, from the Kolis' several dialects to Sanskrit-based Konkani. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1598
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