单词 | kirkman |
释义 | kirkmann. Now chiefly historical. 1. A member of the clergy; (in later use) spec. a clergyman of the Kirk or Church of Scotland. Cf. churchman n. 2a. ΘΚΠ society > faith > church government > member of the clergy > [noun] God's maneOE priestOE clerkc1050 secularc1290 vicary1303 minister1340 divinec1380 man of Godc1384 kirkmana1400 man of the churchc1400 cockc1405 Ecclesiastc1405 spiritual1441 ministrator1450 abbé1530 reverend1547 churchman1549 tippet-captain?1550 tippet knight1551 tippet man1551 public minister1564 reading minister1572 clergyman1577 clerk1577 padre1584 minstrel1586 spiritual1600 cleric1623 cassock1628 Levite1640 gownsman1641 teaching elder1642 ecclesiastic1651 religionist1651 crape1682 crape-gown-man1682 man in black1692 soul driver1699 secularist1716 autem jet1737 liturge1737 officiant1740 snub-devil1785 soul doctor1785 officiator1801 umfundisi1825 crape-man1826 clerical1837 God-man1842 Pfarrer1844 liturgist1848 white-choker1851 rook1859 shovel hat1859 sky pilot1865 ecclesiastical1883 joss-pidgin-man1886 josser1887 sin-shiftera1912 sin-buster1931 parch1944 a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Fairf. 14) l. 25019 Noynting..Noȝt wiþ þat oyle at kirk men hase Bot wiþ þe hali gastis grace. 1440 in J. Raine Corr., Inventories, Acct. Rolls, & Law Proc. Priory of Coldingham (1841) 113 Baith temporal lords and kirkmen. c1480 (a1400) St. Ninian 560 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) II. 320 In quhat wyse þe kirkmen did þar seruice. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VIII f. cclvv Their Kirkmen preached, that in Englande was neither Masse, nor any seruice of God. 1548 Duke of Somerset Epist. Inhabitauntes Scotl. 244 Let neither your Gouernour, nor your Kirkmen..fede you further with faire wordes. 1553 J. Bale tr. S. Gardiner De Vera Obedientia D vij b The light dissolute maners of the Holy Kirckemen. a1600 (?c1535) tr. H. Boece Hist. Scotl. (Mar Lodge) ix. xviii. f. 337, in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue at Mans(e Abirnethy..all distroyit..except the kirk and mans of kirkmen. 1638 Act Assembly in Coll. Conf. II. 115 (Jam.) The civil places and powers of Kirkmen declared to be unlawful. 1733 D. Neal Hist. Puritans II. 238 That part of it [sc. an Act of the Scottish Parliament] which referred to the Apparel of Kirkmen. 1778 Ld. Kames Sketches Hist. Man (ed. 2) IV. 421 James Bell and Colin Campbell, bailies of Glasgow, were committed to prison by the parliament, merely for having said, that kirkmen meddled too much in civil matters. 1853 W. Cadenhead Flights of Fancy 188 (E.D.D.) Nane but kirkmen daur'd to preach. 1886 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Sept. 292/2 The peasantry had been well treated by the kirkmen; but since the teinds and kirk-lands have been appropriated by lay lords they are utterly wrecked. 1902 A. Lang Hist. Scotl. II. 354 He had subjected the Kirk men to the king's ordinances, and (proh pudor!) had taught that presbyteries were ‘a foolish invention’. 1990 P. Donald Uncounselled King iii. 111 Episcopacy and the Perth Articles were subsequently abjured, the civil places of kirkmen declared unlawful. 2. A member or supporter of the Kirk or Church of Scotland. Cf. churchman n. 3, and with early quots. cf. Kirkist n. ΘΚΠ society > faith > sect > Christianity > Protestantism > Presbyterianism > [noun] > person disciplinarian1591 disciplinary1593 consistorian1606 Presbyterian1606 kirkmana1645 presbyter1647 presbyterial1647 Presbyterialist1647 Kirker1651 Kirkist1652 whiggamore1654 Whig1657 scaldabancoa1670 cloak-man1680 Presbyteera1708 Knoxian1714 blue skin1790 Auld Kirker1856 bluenose1861 a1645 W. Laud Hist. Troubles (1695) iii. 91 There was little Obedience in their Kirk, and Kirk-Men, either to General Assembly, or Parliament. 1660 R. Coke Elements Power & Subjection 262 in Justice Vindicated The English Presbyterians (who had most basely accepted a canting thing called the Covenant from the Kirkmen of Scotland). 1752 T. Carte Gen. Hist. Eng. III. 425 A number of the most zealous kirkmen, meeting at Leonard's Craig near Edenburgh. 1798 Crit. Rev. July 292 The same person may be a churchman in London, a kirkman in Edinburgh, a catholic at Rome, and a Mohammedan at Constantinople. 1822 J. Milner Vindic. of End of Relig. Controv. xxvi. 355 One party of them consider the other party of their fellow Church-men and Kirk-men, as Idolaters and Blasphemers. 1893 Dict. National Biogr. XXXIII. 1002 Rothes had never been a fanatical puritan; he was a politician and a patriot rather than a kirkman. 1914 J. P. MacPhie Pictonians at Home & Abroad ii. 50 The people of Barney's River were nearly all Kirk men. 1992 E. F. Biagini Liberty, Retrenchm. & Reform 16 Nonconformists, Anglicans and Kirkmen heartily joined in a common effort. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.a1400 |
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