knownadj.n.

Brit.

/nəʊn/, U.S.

/noʊn/

Forms: see know v.

Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymons: English known , know v.

Etymology: < known, past participle of know v. Compare unknown adj.It is unclear whether the Middle English forms yknowe , yknawe , ycnowen , etc., are to be derived from past participles of the prefixed or the unprefixed verb, i.e. knowe or yknowe (see discussion at know v.).

A. adj.

a. That has become an object of knowledge; that is or has been apprehended mentally; learned; familiar; esp. generally or widely known or recognized, familiar to all, renowned. Also: that has been (esp. publicly) identified as such.Frequently with modifying adverb, as little-known, well-known, etc.: see the first element.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > knowledge, what is known > familiarity > [adjective]

couthOE

known1340

familiara1398

unstrangec1400

learnedc1420

conversant1430

beknown?c1475

well-beknown1480

quentc1540

well-kent1554

quainted1560

well-known1568

obversant1579

conversed1607

tame1609

familiarized1633

intimatea1680

household1761

homely1782

ole1835

old1898

1340 Ayenbite (1866) 104 (MED) Ac me zayþ he [sc. God] is ine heuene uor þet he is þe eldeste and þe meste yknawe [Fr. coneus] and þe meste beloued.

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) I. xiii. i. 649 Þere is no ryuere but he sprynge out of some welle yknowe oþer vnknowe [1495 de Worde knowen or vnknowen].

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 15895 A knaun freind he had þare-in, in he did him late.

c1450 (c1380) G. Chaucer House of Fame (Fairf. 16) (1878) l. 1736 Yet prey we That we mowe han as good fame And gret renoun and knowen name As they that han doon noble gestes.

1543 More's Hist. Richard III in Chron. J. Hardyng f. lxvii^v Those that by their fauoures more resembled other knowen menne then hym.

c1600 (?c1395) Pierce Ploughman's Crede (Trin. Cambr. R.3.15) (1873) l. 252 We ben clerkes y-cnowen, cunnynge in scole, Proued in procession by processe of lawe.

1622 S. Ward Life of Faith in Death 51 Death is the knownest and vnknownest thing in the world.

1647 C. Cotterell & W. Aylesbury tr. E. C. Davila Hist. Civill Warres France i. 44 Men..of known courage.

1673 W. Penn Christian-Quaker iii, in Wks. (1726) I. 525 Paul..is very express in that known Passage to the Romans.

a1704 T. Brown Satyr upon French King in Wks. (1707) I. i. 90 Thou mak'st me Swear, that am a known Non-Juror.

1761 J. Hill (title) Cautions against the immoderate use of Snuff. Founded on the known qualities of the Tobacco Plant.

1817 S. T. Coleridge Let. 27 June (1959) IV. 745 The known estimableness and purity of his moral character.

1881 B. Jowett tr. Thucydides Hist. Peloponnesian War I. 116 Some man of known ability and high reputation.

1912 Times 16 Mar. 7/3 A consistent explanation of all the known facts that had accumulated in radioactivity.

1952 L. W. Fox Eng. Prison & Borstal Syst. xv. 255 Nor is it easy to turn any reproach against an employer who prefers a man of known good character to one with a record of crime.

1968 Brit. Jrnl. Psychiatry 114 859/2 The drug was deliberately given at the two meal-times because of the known unreliability of unsupervised medicine-taking.

2005 Village Voice (N.Y.) 30 Mar. 77/1 The curators..mostly picked known works by known artists from known galleries or schools.

b. That is known of; known to exist; that is or has come within the scope of knowledge.

ΚΠ

1549 W. Thomas Hist. Italie f. 6 The gentilwomen generally, for gorgeouse atyre, apparaile and iewelles, excede (I thynke) all other women of our knowen worlde.

1578 G. Best True Disc. Passage to Cathaya i. 8 By these mens valours and industries, the knowne Regions of the worlde, whiche before were diuided into three partes.., are now made sixe.

1658 Sir T. Browne Hydriotaphia: Urne-buriall Ep. Ded. sig. A2^v These may seem to have wandred far, who in a direct and Meridian Travell, have but few miles of known Earth between your self and the Pole.

1667 Bp. S. Parker Free Censvre Platonick Philos. 102 The famous Traveller of Odcomb..footed most parts of the known world.

1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Ocean The Upper Ocean, which the Antients call'd the Exterior, as environing all the known Parts of the World.

1799 E. Fry (title) Pantographia; containing..copies of all the known alphabets in the world.

1819 J. Montgomery Greenland iii. 62 The most stupendous accumulation of ice in the known world.

1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps ii. iii. 241 All known bodies possess more or less of this molecular motion.

1922 Science 7 Apr. 377 A detailed account of the myzostomes, almost exclusively parasitic on the crinoids, is given, together with a complete list of all the known species.

1966 P. O'Donnell Sabre-tooth iii. 58 Kuwait..holds a quarter of the world's known oil reserves.

2002 Loaded July 182/1 All the while imagining yourself the saviour of the known universe.

†2. Having knowledge; acquainted with something; learned or skilled in. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > knowledge, what is known > [adjective] > possessing knowledge, informed

knowinga1398

sciential1477

participant1527

intelligent1546

knowledged1548

intelligenced1596

scientious1641

known1655

familiar1726

sciousa1834

1655 T. Fuller Church-hist. Brit. v. 187 The two Lord chief Justices were in the same Treason (whose Education made them more known in the Laws of the Land).

1709 T. D'Urfey Mod. Prophets v. 65 Do ye fancy a Widow well known in Man?

B. n.

†1. With possessive adjective: those with whom a person is acquainted. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > love > friendliness > [noun] > state of being acquainted > acquaintance > those with whom one is acquainted

couthc1000

kithc1000

knownc1350

knowledge1389

kithinga1400

acquaintancea1425

circle1646

sphere1839

c1350 Psalter (BL Add. 17376) in K. D. Bülbring Earliest Compl. Eng. Prose Psalter (1891) lxxxvii. 8 Þou madest my knowen [L. notos meos] fer fram me.

c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Luke ii. 44 Thei..souȝten him a mong his cosyns and knowen [a1425 L.V. hise knouleche].

a1500 (c1340) R. Rolle Psalter (Univ. Oxf. 64) (1884) lxxxvii. 19. 318 Þou lenghid fra me..my knawyn, þat knew me bisyght or by fame.

a. With the. That which is known; the totality of known things; that which is objective in knowledge.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > knowledge, what is known > [noun] > totality

knowledge1534

known1737

well-known1836

1737 A. Pope Epist. of Horace ii. ii. 19 With Terrors round can Reason hold her throne, Despise the known, nor tremble at th'unknown?

1750 D. Hume Ess. Human Understanding (ed. 2) ix. 170 We acquire a general Habit, by which we always transfer the Known to the Unknown, and conceive the latter to resemble the former.

1801 H. Fuseli Lect. Painting I. i. 6 By genius I mean that power which..discovers new materials of nature, or combines the known with novelty.

1863 E. V. Neale Analogy Thought & Nature 142 The condition of clear thought upon metaphysical subjects, is the separation of the two elements of knowledge, the knowing and the known.

1884 F. Harrison in 19th Cent. Mar. 502 Knowledge is of course wholly within the sphere of the Known.

1907 Month July 10 The knower is still somehow marked off by otherness from the known.

1958 A. D. Ritchie Stud. in Hist. & Method Sci. iv. 58 The argument uses analogy to go from the known to the unknown.

2007 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 11 Jan. 8/3 Pynchon is writing a sort of parahistorical fiction, extrapolating from the known the way science fiction writers do with science.

b. Something with a known value, character, etc.; = known quantity n. at Compounds. Frequently contrasted with unknown.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > number > mathematical number or quantity > [noun] > particular qualities > definite or indefinite

certainc1374

quantitya1425

hundred1469

standard1545

'n1828

N1858

known1877

1877 Globe Encycl. Universal Information II. 565/1 Into all such equations quantities of two distinct kinds enter—the knowns and the unknowns.

1913 B. G. Williams & E. G. Williams Lab. Methods xii. 145 In case the end reaction is present, the mixture will become very red, and it is a good plan to try several ‘knowns’.

1963 J. F. Thomas & M. Mukai Symp. on Air-pollution Measurem. Methods 12/1 Eighteen components were separable, but not all could be compared to knowns.

1979 Washington Post (Nexis) 29 Apr. 26 A costly, time-consuming ‘literature scan’ to separate knowns from unknowns.

1995 Math. Mag 68 87 Vieta had used uppercase vowels for the unknowns, consonants for knowns.

2003 New Yorker 10 Feb. 42/3 There are knowns, known unknowns, and unknown unknowns.

†3. colloquial. A well-known person. Chiefly in small known. Obsolete.Originally ‘The Small Known’ was a nickname given to Francis Jeffrey (1773–1850) in humorous contrast with ‘The Great Unknown’ (i.e. Sir Walter Scott).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > reputation > state of being well-known > [noun] > well-known person or thing

notorietyc1650

household name1804

known1822

monstre sacré1959

1822 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. May 607 I beg leave to propose the health of The Small Known.

1835 Court Mag. 6 47/1 It is chiefly from among this latter band of Small Knowns that we shall take the liberty of drawing the Sketches.

1839 New Monthly Mag. 56 275 We have ‘Lives’..of the little Knowns and Unknowns that are spawned forth to meet that craving for immediate intellectual excitement which is the prevailing error of our time.

4. Police slang. A person who is known to the police (see know v. Phrases 26); a suspicious character.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > rule of law > lawlessness > [noun] > crime > a criminal or law-breaker > known to police

known1973

1973 K. Giles File on Death vi. 149 A lot of Irish boys in Granchester... I spotted a couple of ‘knowns’.

2007 J. J. Lamb False-hearted Teddy xxi. 231 It'll be hours before we know whether there are even any latent prints, much less matching them with Todd's knowns.

Compounds

known quantity n. (a) Mathematics a quantity (quantity n. 3a) in an equation, etc., whose value is known; (b) figurative something or someone whose nature or character is familiar or predictable; cf. unknown quantity n. 2.

ΚΠ

1702 J. Raphson Math. Dict. at Parabolism The Division of the Terms of an Equation by the known Quantity..that is involved or multiplied into the first Term.

1825 W. Colburn Introd. Algebra i. 8 Its value is found by dividing the known quantity by its coefficient.

1851 Graham's Mag. Feb. 120/1 To him, every impulse by which the intellect is moved, was a known quantity—a distinct character.

1894 Galveston (Texas) Daily News 2 Sept. 4/4 It is a war between a known quantity and a great unknown quantity.

1977 New Yorker 24 Jan. 86 Have people become so accustomed to the series idea from television viewing that they go to another Dirty Harry movie because it's a known quantity?

1999 Econometrica 67 1320 The future component of the value function treated as a known quantity based on its recursive solution.

2003 U.S. News & World Rep. 14 July 31/2 He is a known quantity who is likely to leave current management alone.

Derivatives

ˈknownly adv. now rare.

ΚΠ

1625 J. Fisher Answ. Nine Points Controv. (1626) ii. 75 Consenting that both sides be preached as her fayth, & as sauing truth, she yields that doctrine knownely false, be preached as her doctrine and sauing truth.

1646 H. Hammond View Exceptions to Visct. Falkland's Disc. Infallibilitie 194 Lawes,..to be obeyed, unless they should be publiquely and knownely found contrary to a greater authority.

1793 J. Wilde Addr. Soc. Friends of People 492 It was necessary (besides the general rebellion which had long and knownly subsisted there) to do something decisive in the capital itself.

1925 H. M. Kallen in Menorah Jrnl. Dec. 544 If it was knownly present at all, it was present in his inherited religious association.

2001 Re: I am Sick of This Whole Thing in comp.os.linux.advocacy (Usenet newsgroup) 18 July Shipping knownly buggy software, inserting non-liability clauses in their licenses.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	known
释义	knownadj.n. Brit. /nəʊn/, U.S. /noʊn/ Forms: see know v. Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymons: English known , know v. Etymology: < known, past participle of know v. Compare unknown adj.It is unclear whether the Middle English forms yknowe , yknawe , ycnowen , etc., are to be derived from past participles of the prefixed or the unprefixed verb, i.e. knowe or yknowe (see discussion at know v.). A. adj. 1. a. That has become an object of knowledge; that is or has been apprehended mentally; learned; familiar; esp. generally or widely known or recognized, familiar to all, renowned. Also: that has been (esp. publicly) identified as such.Frequently with modifying adverb, as little-known, well-known, etc.: see the first element. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > knowledge, what is known > familiarity > [adjective] couthOE known1340 familiara1398 unstrangec1400 learnedc1420 conversant1430 beknown?c1475 well-beknown1480 quentc1540 well-kent1554 quainted1560 well-known1568 obversant1579 conversed1607 tame1609 familiarized1633 intimatea1680 household1761 homely1782 ole1835 old1898 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 104 (MED) Ac me zayþ he [sc. God] is ine heuene uor þet he is þe eldeste and þe meste yknawe [Fr. coneus] and þe meste beloued. a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) I. xiii. i. 649 Þere is no ryuere but he sprynge out of some welle yknowe oþer vnknowe [1495 de Worde knowen or vnknowen]. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 15895 A knaun freind he had þare-in, in he did him late. c1450 (c1380) G. Chaucer House of Fame (Fairf. 16) (1878) l. 1736 Yet prey we That we mowe han as good fame And gret renoun and knowen name As they that han doon noble gestes. 1543 More's Hist. Richard III in Chron. J. Hardyng f. lxvii^v Those that by their fauoures more resembled other knowen menne then hym. c1600 (?c1395) Pierce Ploughman's Crede (Trin. Cambr. R.3.15) (1873) l. 252 We ben clerkes y-cnowen, cunnynge in scole, Proued in procession by processe of lawe. 1622 S. Ward Life of Faith in Death 51 Death is the knownest and vnknownest thing in the world. 1647 C. Cotterell & W. Aylesbury tr. E. C. Davila Hist. Civill Warres France i. 44 Men..of known courage. 1673 W. Penn Christian-Quaker iii, in Wks. (1726) I. 525 Paul..is very express in that known Passage to the Romans. a1704 T. Brown Satyr upon French King in Wks. (1707) I. i. 90 Thou mak'st me Swear, that am a known Non-Juror. 1761 J. Hill (title) Cautions against the immoderate use of Snuff. Founded on the known qualities of the Tobacco Plant. 1817 S. T. Coleridge Let. 27 June (1959) IV. 745 The known estimableness and purity of his moral character. 1881 B. Jowett tr. Thucydides Hist. Peloponnesian War I. 116 Some man of known ability and high reputation. 1912 Times 16 Mar. 7/3 A consistent explanation of all the known facts that had accumulated in radioactivity. 1952 L. W. Fox Eng. Prison & Borstal Syst. xv. 255 Nor is it easy to turn any reproach against an employer who prefers a man of known good character to one with a record of crime. 1968 Brit. Jrnl. Psychiatry 114 859/2 The drug was deliberately given at the two meal-times because of the known unreliability of unsupervised medicine-taking. 2005 Village Voice (N.Y.) 30 Mar. 77/1 The curators..mostly picked known works by known artists from known galleries or schools. b. That is known of; known to exist; that is or has come within the scope of knowledge. ΚΠ 1549 W. Thomas Hist. Italie f. 6 The gentilwomen generally, for gorgeouse atyre, apparaile and iewelles, excede (I thynke) all other women of our knowen worlde. 1578 G. Best True Disc. Passage to Cathaya i. 8 By these mens valours and industries, the knowne Regions of the worlde, whiche before were diuided into three partes.., are now made sixe. 1658 Sir T. Browne Hydriotaphia: Urne-buriall Ep. Ded. sig. A2^v These may seem to have wandred far, who in a direct and Meridian Travell, have but few miles of known Earth between your self and the Pole. 1667 Bp. S. Parker Free Censvre Platonick Philos. 102 The famous Traveller of Odcomb..footed most parts of the known world. 1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Ocean The Upper Ocean, which the Antients call'd the Exterior, as environing all the known Parts of the World. 1799 E. Fry (title) Pantographia; containing..copies of all the known alphabets in the world. 1819 J. Montgomery Greenland iii. 62 The most stupendous accumulation of ice in the known world. 1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps ii. iii. 241 All known bodies possess more or less of this molecular motion. 1922 Science 7 Apr. 377 A detailed account of the myzostomes, almost exclusively parasitic on the crinoids, is given, together with a complete list of all the known species. 1966 P. O'Donnell Sabre-tooth iii. 58 Kuwait..holds a quarter of the world's known oil reserves. 2002 Loaded July 182/1 All the while imagining yourself the saviour of the known universe. †2. Having knowledge; acquainted with something; learned or skilled in. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > knowledge, what is known > [adjective] > possessing knowledge, informed knowinga1398 sciential1477 participant1527 intelligent1546 knowledged1548 intelligenced1596 scientious1641 known1655 familiar1726 sciousa1834 1655 T. Fuller Church-hist. Brit. v. 187 The two Lord chief Justices were in the same Treason (whose Education made them more known in the Laws of the Land). 1709 T. D'Urfey Mod. Prophets v. 65 Do ye fancy a Widow well known in Man? B. n. †1. With possessive adjective: those with whom a person is acquainted. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > love > friendliness > [noun] > state of being acquainted > acquaintance > those with whom one is acquainted couthc1000 kithc1000 knownc1350 knowledge1389 kithinga1400 acquaintancea1425 circle1646 sphere1839 c1350 Psalter (BL Add. 17376) in K. D. Bülbring Earliest Compl. Eng. Prose Psalter (1891) lxxxvii. 8 Þou madest my knowen [L. notos meos] fer fram me. c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Luke ii. 44 Thei..souȝten him a mong his cosyns and knowen [a1425 L.V. hise knouleche]. a1500 (c1340) R. Rolle Psalter (Univ. Oxf. 64) (1884) lxxxvii. 19. 318 Þou lenghid fra me..my knawyn, þat knew me bisyght or by fame. 2. a. With the. That which is known; the totality of known things; that which is objective in knowledge. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > knowledge, what is known > [noun] > totality knowledge1534 known1737 well-known1836 1737 A. Pope Epist. of Horace ii. ii. 19 With Terrors round can Reason hold her throne, Despise the known, nor tremble at th'unknown? 1750 D. Hume Ess. Human Understanding (ed. 2) ix. 170 We acquire a general Habit, by which we always transfer the Known to the Unknown, and conceive the latter to resemble the former. 1801 H. Fuseli Lect. Painting I. i. 6 By genius I mean that power which..discovers new materials of nature, or combines the known with novelty. 1863 E. V. Neale Analogy Thought & Nature 142 The condition of clear thought upon metaphysical subjects, is the separation of the two elements of knowledge, the knowing and the known. 1884 F. Harrison in 19th Cent. Mar. 502 Knowledge is of course wholly within the sphere of the Known. 1907 Month July 10 The knower is still somehow marked off by otherness from the known. 1958 A. D. Ritchie Stud. in Hist. & Method Sci. iv. 58 The argument uses analogy to go from the known to the unknown. 2007 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 11 Jan. 8/3 Pynchon is writing a sort of parahistorical fiction, extrapolating from the known the way science fiction writers do with science. b. Something with a known value, character, etc.; = known quantity n. at Compounds. Frequently contrasted with unknown. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > mathematical number or quantity > [noun] > particular qualities > definite or indefinite certainc1374 quantitya1425 hundred1469 standard1545 'n1828 N1858 known1877 1877 Globe Encycl. Universal Information II. 565/1 Into all such equations quantities of two distinct kinds enter—the knowns and the unknowns. 1913 B. G. Williams & E. G. Williams Lab. Methods xii. 145 In case the end reaction is present, the mixture will become very red, and it is a good plan to try several ‘knowns’. 1963 J. F. Thomas & M. Mukai Symp. on Air-pollution Measurem. Methods 12/1 Eighteen components were separable, but not all could be compared to knowns. 1979 Washington Post (Nexis) 29 Apr. 26 A costly, time-consuming ‘literature scan’ to separate knowns from unknowns. 1995 Math. Mag 68 87 Vieta had used uppercase vowels for the unknowns, consonants for knowns. 2003 New Yorker 10 Feb. 42/3 There are knowns, known unknowns, and unknown unknowns. †3. colloquial. A well-known person. Chiefly in small known. Obsolete.Originally ‘The Small Known’ was a nickname given to Francis Jeffrey (1773–1850) in humorous contrast with ‘The Great Unknown’ (i.e. Sir Walter Scott). ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > reputation > state of being well-known > [noun] > well-known person or thing notorietyc1650 household name1804 known1822 monstre sacré1959 1822 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. May 607 I beg leave to propose the health of The Small Known. 1835 Court Mag. 6 47/1 It is chiefly from among this latter band of Small Knowns that we shall take the liberty of drawing the Sketches. 1839 New Monthly Mag. 56 275 We have ‘Lives’..of the little Knowns and Unknowns that are spawned forth to meet that craving for immediate intellectual excitement which is the prevailing error of our time. 4. Police slang. A person who is known to the police (see know v. Phrases 26); a suspicious character. ΘΚΠ society > law > rule of law > lawlessness > [noun] > crime > a criminal or law-breaker > known to police known1973 1973 K. Giles File on Death vi. 149 A lot of Irish boys in Granchester... I spotted a couple of ‘knowns’. 2007 J. J. Lamb False-hearted Teddy xxi. 231 It'll be hours before we know whether there are even any latent prints, much less matching them with Todd's knowns. Compounds known quantity n. (a) Mathematics a quantity (quantity n. 3a) in an equation, etc., whose value is known; (b) figurative something or someone whose nature or character is familiar or predictable; cf. unknown quantity n. 2. ΚΠ 1702 J. Raphson Math. Dict. at Parabolism The Division of the Terms of an Equation by the known Quantity..that is involved or multiplied into the first Term. 1825 W. Colburn Introd. Algebra i. 8 Its value is found by dividing the known quantity by its coefficient. 1851 Graham's Mag. Feb. 120/1 To him, every impulse by which the intellect is moved, was a known quantity—a distinct character. 1894 Galveston (Texas) Daily News 2 Sept. 4/4 It is a war between a known quantity and a great unknown quantity. 1977 New Yorker 24 Jan. 86 Have people become so accustomed to the series idea from television viewing that they go to another Dirty Harry movie because it's a known quantity? 1999 Econometrica 67 1320 The future component of the value function treated as a known quantity based on its recursive solution. 2003 U.S. News & World Rep. 14 July 31/2 He is a known quantity who is likely to leave current management alone. Derivatives ˈknownly adv. now rare. ΚΠ 1625 J. Fisher Answ. Nine Points Controv. (1626) ii. 75 Consenting that both sides be preached as her fayth, & as sauing truth, she yields that doctrine knownely false, be preached as her doctrine and sauing truth. 1646 H. Hammond View Exceptions to Visct. Falkland's Disc. Infallibilitie 194 Lawes,..to be obeyed, unless they should be publiquely and knownely found contrary to a greater authority. 1793 J. Wilde Addr. Soc. Friends of People 492 It was necessary (besides the general rebellion which had long and knownly subsisted there) to do something decisive in the capital itself. 1925 H. M. Kallen in Menorah Jrnl. Dec. 544 If it was knownly present at all, it was present in his inherited religious association. 2001 Re: I am Sick of This Whole Thing in comp.os.linux.advocacy (Usenet newsgroup) 18 July Shipping knownly buggy software, inserting non-liability clauses in their licenses. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.n.1340
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