kinesisn.

/kʌɪˈniːsɪs/

/kɪˈniːsɪs/

Forms: Plural kineses.

Etymology: modern Latin, < Greek κίνησις motion.

†1. Cytology. Karyokinesis, mitosis. Obsolete. rare. (Cf. kinetic adj. 4.)

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > biological processes > genetic activity > [noun] > cell-division or arrangement of chromosomes

karyokinesis1882

karyomitosis1885

mitosis1887

kinesis1904

polymitosis1932

1904 Jrnl. Royal Microsc. Soc. 529 At the first metaphase there is a second division (? longitudinal) which appears preparatory to the second kinesis.

1906 Jrnl. Royal Microsc. Soc. 282 The two constitutive branches of the definitive chromosomes..separate from one another in each chromosome at the first kinesis.

2. Biology. [Adopted (in German) by W. Rothert 1901, in Flora LXXXVIII. 374, after its use as a suffix in photokinesis.] An undirected movement of an organism that occurs in response to a particular kind of stimulus.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > biological processes > movement > movement in response to stimuli > [noun] > undirected

kinesis1905

1905 Jrnl. Compar. Neurol. 15 139 Kinesis is a term which seems to have been first used by Engelmann for the increase or decrease of activity produced by certain agencies. The fact that certain bacteria increase or decrease movement in the light he called photokinesis. Rothert accepted the term kinesis for such changes in the amount of activity produced by chemicals, calling this chemokinesis.

1940 G. S. Fraenkel & D. L. Gunn Orientation of Animals i. 10 The term taxis is to-day used for directed orientation reactions... Undirected locomotory reactions, in which the speed of movement or the frequency of turning depend on the intensity of stimulation, we call kineses.

1955 T. I. Storer & R. L. Usinger Elements Zool. xxiii. 394 Taxes and kineses..enable insects and many other animals to find and inhabit the small environmental niche or microclimate in which each kind is most successful.

1960 L. Picken Organization of Cells x. 450 The formation of cell aggregates is undoubtedly favoured by a non-directional movement of the cells, by a kinesis, with thigmotaxis taking over once contact is established.

Draft additions 1997

3. Zoology. [Adopted in this sense in German by T. Lakjer 1927, in Zool. Jahrb. (Abt. f. Anat. u. Ontogenie) 49 250.] Mobility between seprate parts of the skull, esp. in birds and certain reptiles. Cf. prokinesis n., rhynchokinesis n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > animal body > general parts > constituent materials > [noun] > mobility between certain parts of skull

kinesis1960

1960 Biol. Abstr. 35 1871/1 The possibility of a close connection between the various types of kinesis of the skull and the variations in the morphology of the middle ear is discussed.

1962 Jrnl. Morphol. 111 287/1 In more recent times, the term ‘kinesis’ has been more loosely interpreted and applied to various types of skulls.

1969 A. Bellairs Life of Reptiles I. iv. 154 Various types of kinesis occur among other vertebrates, in sharks for instance, in some carnivorous dinosaurs and in birds.

1986 A. S. Romer & T. S. Parsons Vertebr. Body (ed. 6) viii. 244 Many groups have kinetic skulls, but the number and positions of the funtional components varies greatly; thus, kinesis has clearly evolved (or re-evolved) numerous times.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1976; most recently modified version published online June 2018).

单词	kinesis
释义	kinesisn. /kʌɪˈniːsɪs//kɪˈniːsɪs/ Forms: Plural kineses. Etymology: modern Latin, < Greek κίνησις motion. †1. Cytology. Karyokinesis, mitosis. Obsolete. rare. (Cf. kinetic adj. 4.) ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > biological processes > genetic activity > [noun] > cell-division or arrangement of chromosomes karyokinesis1882 karyomitosis1885 mitosis1887 kinesis1904 polymitosis1932 1904 Jrnl. Royal Microsc. Soc. 529 At the first metaphase there is a second division (? longitudinal) which appears preparatory to the second kinesis. 1906 Jrnl. Royal Microsc. Soc. 282 The two constitutive branches of the definitive chromosomes..separate from one another in each chromosome at the first kinesis. 2. Biology. [Adopted (in German) by W. Rothert 1901, in Flora LXXXVIII. 374, after its use as a suffix in photokinesis.] An undirected movement of an organism that occurs in response to a particular kind of stimulus. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > biological processes > movement > movement in response to stimuli > [noun] > undirected kinesis1905 1905 Jrnl. Compar. Neurol. 15 139 Kinesis is a term which seems to have been first used by Engelmann for the increase or decrease of activity produced by certain agencies. The fact that certain bacteria increase or decrease movement in the light he called photokinesis. Rothert accepted the term kinesis for such changes in the amount of activity produced by chemicals, calling this chemokinesis. 1940 G. S. Fraenkel & D. L. Gunn Orientation of Animals i. 10 The term taxis is to-day used for directed orientation reactions... Undirected locomotory reactions, in which the speed of movement or the frequency of turning depend on the intensity of stimulation, we call kineses. 1955 T. I. Storer & R. L. Usinger Elements Zool. xxiii. 394 Taxes and kineses..enable insects and many other animals to find and inhabit the small environmental niche or microclimate in which each kind is most successful. 1960 L. Picken Organization of Cells x. 450 The formation of cell aggregates is undoubtedly favoured by a non-directional movement of the cells, by a kinesis, with thigmotaxis taking over once contact is established. Draft additions 1997 3. Zoology. [Adopted in this sense in German by T. Lakjer 1927, in Zool. Jahrb. (Abt. f. Anat. u. Ontogenie) 49 250.] Mobility between seprate parts of the skull, esp. in birds and certain reptiles. Cf. prokinesis n., rhynchokinesis n. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > animal body > general parts > constituent materials > [noun] > mobility between certain parts of skull kinesis1960 1960 Biol. Abstr. 35 1871/1 The possibility of a close connection between the various types of kinesis of the skull and the variations in the morphology of the middle ear is discussed. 1962 Jrnl. Morphol. 111 287/1 In more recent times, the term ‘kinesis’ has been more loosely interpreted and applied to various types of skulls. 1969 A. Bellairs Life of Reptiles I. iv. 154 Various types of kinesis occur among other vertebrates, in sharks for instance, in some carnivorous dinosaurs and in birds. 1986 A. S. Romer & T. S. Parsons Vertebr. Body (ed. 6) viii. 244 Many groups have kinetic skulls, but the number and positions of the funtional components varies greatly; thus, kinesis has clearly evolved (or re-evolved) numerous times. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1976; most recently modified version published online June 2018). > see also also refers to : -kinesiscomb. form < n.1904 see also
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kinesisn.

Draft additions 1997

> see also