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单词 knapsack
释义

knapsackn.

Brit. /ˈnapsak/, U.S. /ˈnæpˌsæk/
Etymology: < Low German knapsack (Dutch knapzak , German knappsack ), first recorded in 16th cent. The first element is somewhat obscure, but is generally taken as Low German and Dutch knappen = knap v.2, German knapp eating, food; compare also snapsack n. Also adopted in French (about 1600) as canapsa (now obsolete).
A bag or case of stout canvas or leather, worn by soldiers, strapped to the back and used for carrying necessaries; any similar receptacle used by travellers for carrying light articles.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > equipment > receptacle or container > bag > [noun] > carried on back or over shoulder
knapsack1603
snapsack1633
snap-bag1688
haversack1711
pikau1836
nunny bag1842
packsack1851
pack1853
rucksack1853
kiondo1902
backpack1914
Charley1919
Bergan1923
musette1923
daypack1969
daysack1974
1603 M. Drayton Barrons Wars i. (R.) Each one fills his knap~sack or his scrip With some rare thing that on the field is found.
1608 J. Smith True Relation Occurr. Virginia One that vsually carried my Gowne and Knapsacke after me.
1645 in Rec. Mass. Bay (1854) III. 40 Every souldier..with muskett, sword, bandaleers, and knapsacke.
1793 R. Burns in G. Thomson Sel. Coll. Orig. Sc. Airs I. i. 22 My humble knapsack a' my wealth, A poor and honest soldier.
1859 E. Bulwer-Lytton What will he do with It? (1st Edinb. ed.) I. i. xix. 123 It became time..to..pack up his knapsack, and start for the train.
1868 Queen's Regulations & Orders Army §604 d The havresack is to be worn on all occasions when the knapsack is worn.
figurative.a1658 J. Cleveland Char. Country-comm.-man in Wks. (1687) 76 A short-handed Clerk, tack'd to the Rear of him to carry the Knapsack of his Understanding.1841–4 R. W. Emerson Nature in Wks. (1906) I. 224 The knapsack of custom falls off his back.

Compounds

C1. attributive.
ΚΠ
1633 J. Shirley Young Admirall i. ii Vittori. He is valiant truly That dares forget to be rewarded. Soldier. This Is but cold comfort for a knapsack-man.
1823 G. Crabb Universal Technol. Dict. at DrillKnapsack-Drill’, a sort of punishment for minor offences, which consists in marching soldiers round the barrack-yard, &c. for a certain time, with 6 or 12 lb. shot tied to their knapsacks.
1899 Westm. Gaz. 16 Nov. 12/2 An Oxford Bible..printed on Oxford India paper..and bound in khaki..will be known as the Knapsack Bible, and is specially designed for use by soldiers and sailors.
C2.
knapsack pump n. = knapsack sprayer n.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > equipment > pump > [noun] > other types of pump
bottom lift1778
rose pump1778
centrifugal pump1789
jack-heada1792
jet pump1850
sand-pump1865
Union pump1867
shell-pump1875
eductor1877
brake-pump1881
bull-pump1881
cam-pumpa1884
sand-reel1883
grasshopper1884
knapsack pump1894
knapsack sprayer1897
turbo-pump1903
Sylphon1906
slush pump1913
displacement pump1924
power pack1937
proportioner1945
solids pump1957
peristaltic pump1958
powerhead1981
Cornish pump-
1894 Country Gentlemen's Catal. 302/2 Vermorel's knapsack pumps.
1944 Living off Land: Man. Bushcraft vii. 153 Firefighting weapons are many and varied... The knapsack pump—a 4-gallon container with shoulder straps, brass hand pump and nozzle—is most effective.
knapsack sprayer n. (or knapsack spray) a sprayer consisting of a hand-held nozzle supplied from a pressurized reservoir that is carried on the back like a knapsack.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > tools and implements > [noun] > irrigation devices
acequia madre1835
trunk1856
irrigation-wheel1864
lawn-sprinklera1884
levada1885
knapsack sprayer1897
lawn-sprayer1943
society > occupation and work > equipment > pump > [noun] > other types of pump
bottom lift1778
rose pump1778
centrifugal pump1789
jack-heada1792
jet pump1850
sand-pump1865
Union pump1867
shell-pump1875
eductor1877
brake-pump1881
bull-pump1881
cam-pumpa1884
sand-reel1883
grasshopper1884
knapsack pump1894
knapsack sprayer1897
turbo-pump1903
Sylphon1906
slush pump1913
displacement pump1924
power pack1937
proportioner1945
solids pump1957
peristaltic pump1958
powerhead1981
Cornish pump-
1897 Sears, Roebuck Catal. No. 104. 162/3 The Celebrated Myers Knapsack Spray Pump.
1909 Cent. Dict. Suppl. at Sprayer Knapsack sprayer.
1950 N.Z. Jrnl. Agric. Feb. 177/2 Obtaining complete coverage of tall [orchard] trees with a knapsack sprayer is most difficult.
1971 Community (E. Afr. Community) Apr. 8/1 The new method could well replace the present widespread use of knapsack sprayers which was considered inefficient in insecticide application.

Derivatives

ˈknapsacking n. (cf. coaching n., training n.), travelling with a knapsack.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > aspects of travel > going on foot > [noun] > walking for exercise or recreation > hiking or rambling > carrying a back-pack
knapsacking1877
swagging1883
backpacking1916
1877 H. Drummond in G. A. Smith Life H. Drummond (1898) v. 115 I was glad to..go knapsacking with Professor Geikie.
1886 H. Drummond in G. A. Smith Life H. Drummond (1898) xi. 269 I have often marked this spot in my knapsacking days.
ˈknapsackwise adv. in the manner of a knapsack.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > equipment > receptacle or container > bag > [adverb] > like knapsack
knapsackwise1899
1899 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Aug. 162/1 A large basket carried knapsackwise.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1901; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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