Kimmeridgen.

/ˈkɪmərɪdʒ/

Forms: Also Kimeridge.

Etymology: < the name of Kimmeridge, a village on the Dorsetshire coast, where extensive beds of the Upper Oolite formation are developed.Although the village name is now spelt Kimmeridge, the form Kimeridge is current in geological usage, reflecting the former spelling of the name; compare:1933 W. J. Arkell Jurassic Syst. Great Brit. xiv. 441 The spelling Kimeridge was used by H. B. Woodward.., by Damon.., and by most earlier authorities. The new form Kimmeridge was not heard of before Webster and Buckland introduced it in the [early] nineteenth century and seems to have no justification.1947 W. J. Arkell Geol. Country around Weymouth (Mem. Geol. Surv. Gt. Brit.) v. 68 Inland towards Kimmeridge village. [Note] The name of this village was Cameric in Domesday Book and Kymerich by 1293; by the time of Hutchins' great work on Dorset it had become Kimeridge... The Ordnance map of 1811 (Sheet 16, Old Series) retained one ‘m’, and so did Damon in his Geology of Weymouth (1860 and 1884–8) and H. B. Woodward in ‘The Jurassic Rocks of Britain’, (vol. v, 1895), Mem. Geol. Survey. In the resurvey of 1892 (Sheet 342, New Series), two ‘m's’ were adopted and the Geological Survey followed suit in 1898.

Kimmeridge clay n. a bed of clay in the Upper Oolite containing bituminous shales. Kimmeridge coal n. shale of the Kimmeridge clay containing so much bitumen that it may be burnt as coal. Kimmeridge coal money n. disks of shale found near Kimmeridge, popularly supposed to have been used as coins by the ancient inhabitants.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > hydrocarbon minerals > [noun] > bitumen > bituminous earth or shale

ampelite1601

pitch coal1754

Kimmeridge coal1761

jet rock1798

Kupferschiefer1830

torbanite1858

the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > rock > sedimentary rock > [noun] > shale > bituminous shale

Kimmeridge coal1761

jet coal1794

jet rock1798

Kupferschiefer1830

Marcellus shale1843

jet1893

the world > the earth > structure of the earth > age or period > stratigraphic units > [noun] > secondary or Mesozoic > Jurassic > specific

Oxford clay1812

cornbrash1813

Kellaways1813

Portland oolite1814

coral-rag1816

oolite1816

Oxford oolite1818

Kimmeridge clay1830

lias1833

Portland sand1836

skull-cap1839

Solenhofen slate1841

Stonesfield slate1855

Callovian1856

Tithonian1869

coralline oolite1871

Lincolnshire limestone1873

Ampthill Clay1877

Aalenian1882

Pliensbachian1903

1761 Philos. Trans. 1760 (Royal Soc.) 51 549 The Kimeridge [printed Kimendge] coal..appears in most of the cliffs of the isle of Purbeck.

a1773 J. Hutchins Hist. Dorset (1774) I. 194/1 He says the Kimeridge coal, of which I sent him some pieces, is very much like, but not so large as, the Bovey coal.

1814 T. Webster in Trans. Geol. Soc. II. 167 Clay with limestone and bituminous shale, containing the Kimeridge coal.

1816 T. Webster in H. C. Englefield Descr. Isle of Wight 187 The whole of the Kimmeridge strata, consisting of a series of argillaceous and calcareous layers, are situated below the Portland oolite.

1818 W. Phillips Sel. Facts Geol. Eng. & Wales 61 The shale is so bituminous as to form a coaly matter of considerable extent near Kimmeridge, whence it is termed the Kimmeridge coal.

1830 Philos. Mag. 2nd ser. 7 198 The manner in which the fossils are disposed in the Kimmeridge clay at Havre.

1831 H. T. De la Beche Geol. Man. vi. 311 The Kimmeridge clay..has a considerable range, particularly over England and France.

1851 D. Wilson Archæol. & Prehistoric Ann. Scotl. ii. vi. 296 Relics..on which the name of ‘Kimmeridge Coal Money’ was conferred.

1855 Q. Jrnl. Geol. Soc. 11 125 The present example from the Kimmeridge shales appears to be a distinct species.

1860 R. Damon Handbk. Geol. Weymouth 54 From the coast of Dorsetshire the Kimeridge clay extends inland, with little interruption, to the coast of Norfolk.

1872 Imperial Gazetteer Eng. & Wales I. 1104/2 Bracelets made of the Kimmeridge coal were found in an ancient burial place at Dorchester in 1839.

1923 L. D. Stamp Introd. Stratigr. xiv. 230 In the upper part is a band of oil-shale (‘Kimmeridge Coal’).

1931 J. W. Gregory & B. H. Barrett Gen. Stratigr. x. 155 The Kimeridge Clay varies in thickness from 100 ft. in the Midlands to 1250 ft. in the Wealden bore near Hastings.

1946 L. D. Stamp Britain's Struct. & Scenery xii. 135 Almost everywhere the Kimeridge clay coincides with low ground.

1967 D. H. Rayner Stratigr. Brit. Isles ix. 303 The thickest sequences of Kimeridge Clay come from Wessex and the Weald;..near the type locality of Kimeridge Bay in east Dorset 1,650 feet are known.

1970 Oxf. Times 12 June 14 This field was mostly Kimmeridge clay, with some sand at the bottom, and not so intractable as the Oxford clay.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1901; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	kimmeridge
释义	Kimmeridgen. /ˈkɪmərɪdʒ/ Forms: Also Kimeridge. Etymology: < the name of Kimmeridge, a village on the Dorsetshire coast, where extensive beds of the Upper Oolite formation are developed.Although the village name is now spelt Kimmeridge, the form Kimeridge is current in geological usage, reflecting the former spelling of the name; compare:1933 W. J. Arkell Jurassic Syst. Great Brit. xiv. 441 The spelling Kimeridge was used by H. B. Woodward.., by Damon.., and by most earlier authorities. The new form Kimmeridge was not heard of before Webster and Buckland introduced it in the [early] nineteenth century and seems to have no justification.1947 W. J. Arkell Geol. Country around Weymouth (Mem. Geol. Surv. Gt. Brit.) v. 68 Inland towards Kimmeridge village. [Note] The name of this village was Cameric in Domesday Book and Kymerich by 1293; by the time of Hutchins' great work on Dorset it had become Kimeridge... The Ordnance map of 1811 (Sheet 16, Old Series) retained one ‘m’, and so did Damon in his Geology of Weymouth (1860 and 1884–8) and H. B. Woodward in ‘The Jurassic Rocks of Britain’, (vol. v, 1895), Mem. Geol. Survey. In the resurvey of 1892 (Sheet 342, New Series), two ‘m's’ were adopted and the Geological Survey followed suit in 1898. Kimmeridge clay n. a bed of clay in the Upper Oolite containing bituminous shales. Kimmeridge coal n. shale of the Kimmeridge clay containing so much bitumen that it may be burnt as coal. Kimmeridge coal money n. disks of shale found near Kimmeridge, popularly supposed to have been used as coins by the ancient inhabitants. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > hydrocarbon minerals > [noun] > bitumen > bituminous earth or shale ampelite1601 pitch coal1754 Kimmeridge coal1761 jet rock1798 Kupferschiefer1830 torbanite1858 the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > rock > sedimentary rock > [noun] > shale > bituminous shale Kimmeridge coal1761 jet coal1794 jet rock1798 Kupferschiefer1830 Marcellus shale1843 jet1893 the world > the earth > structure of the earth > age or period > stratigraphic units > [noun] > secondary or Mesozoic > Jurassic > specific Oxford clay1812 cornbrash1813 Kellaways1813 Portland oolite1814 coral-rag1816 oolite1816 Oxford oolite1818 Kimmeridge clay1830 lias1833 Portland sand1836 skull-cap1839 Solenhofen slate1841 Stonesfield slate1855 Callovian1856 Tithonian1869 coralline oolite1871 Lincolnshire limestone1873 Ampthill Clay1877 Aalenian1882 Pliensbachian1903 1761 Philos. Trans. 1760 (Royal Soc.) 51 549 The Kimeridge [printed Kimendge] coal..appears in most of the cliffs of the isle of Purbeck. a1773 J. Hutchins Hist. Dorset (1774) I. 194/1 He says the Kimeridge coal, of which I sent him some pieces, is very much like, but not so large as, the Bovey coal. 1814 T. Webster in Trans. Geol. Soc. II. 167 Clay with limestone and bituminous shale, containing the Kimeridge coal. 1816 T. Webster in H. C. Englefield Descr. Isle of Wight 187 The whole of the Kimmeridge strata, consisting of a series of argillaceous and calcareous layers, are situated below the Portland oolite. 1818 W. Phillips Sel. Facts Geol. Eng. & Wales 61 The shale is so bituminous as to form a coaly matter of considerable extent near Kimmeridge, whence it is termed the Kimmeridge coal. 1830 Philos. Mag. 2nd ser. 7 198 The manner in which the fossils are disposed in the Kimmeridge clay at Havre. 1831 H. T. De la Beche Geol. Man. vi. 311 The Kimmeridge clay..has a considerable range, particularly over England and France. 1851 D. Wilson Archæol. & Prehistoric Ann. Scotl. ii. vi. 296 Relics..on which the name of ‘Kimmeridge Coal Money’ was conferred. 1855 Q. Jrnl. Geol. Soc. 11 125 The present example from the Kimmeridge shales appears to be a distinct species. 1860 R. Damon Handbk. Geol. Weymouth 54 From the coast of Dorsetshire the Kimeridge clay extends inland, with little interruption, to the coast of Norfolk. 1872 Imperial Gazetteer Eng. & Wales I. 1104/2 Bracelets made of the Kimmeridge coal were found in an ancient burial place at Dorchester in 1839. 1923 L. D. Stamp Introd. Stratigr. xiv. 230 In the upper part is a band of oil-shale (‘Kimmeridge Coal’). 1931 J. W. Gregory & B. H. Barrett Gen. Stratigr. x. 155 The Kimeridge Clay varies in thickness from 100 ft. in the Midlands to 1250 ft. in the Wealden bore near Hastings. 1946 L. D. Stamp Britain's Struct. & Scenery xii. 135 Almost everywhere the Kimeridge clay coincides with low ground. 1967 D. H. Rayner Stratigr. Brit. Isles ix. 303 The thickest sequences of Kimeridge Clay come from Wessex and the Weald;..near the type locality of Kimeridge Bay in east Dorset 1,650 feet are known. 1970 Oxf. Times 12 June 14 This field was mostly Kimmeridge clay, with some sand at the bottom, and not so intractable as the Oxford clay. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1901; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1761
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