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单词 koumiss
释义

koumissn.

Brit. /ˈkuːmɪs/, U.S. /kuˈmɪs/, /ˈkuməs/
Forms: (1500s cosmos, 1600s cosmus, cossmos: see cosmos n.2), 1600s chumis, 1700s kumisse, ( kumish), 1700s– koumiss, kumiss, kumis, 1800s koumis, koomiss, kumys(s, ( kimmiz, khoumese).
Etymology: = French koumis, German kumiss, Polish komis, kumys, Russian kumys, < Tartar kumiz.
A fermented liquor prepared from mare's milk, commonly used as a beverage by the Tartars and other Asiatic nomadic peoples; also applied to a spirituous liquor distilled from this. The fermented beverage is used dietetically and medicinally in various diseases, as phthisis, catarrhal affections, anæmia, chlorosis, etc., and for these purposes imitations are also prepared from asses' milk and cow's milk.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > other alcoholic drinks > [noun] > from milk
cosmos1598
koumiss1598
the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > distilled drink > other distilled liquor > [noun] > others
koumiss1598
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1598 R. Hakluyt tr. W. de Rubruquis in Princ. Navigations (new ed.) I. 97 Their drinke called Cosmos, which is mares milke.
1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 332 The Tartarians drinke Mares milke, which they dresse like white wine, and call it Chumis.
1723 in tr. F. C. Weber Present State Russia I. i. 276 [The Kalmucks] drink Kumis, a sort of Brandy drawn off from Mares-milk.
1771 Gentleman's Mag. 41 594 The sour milk which they [the Tartars] drink they call Kumisse.
1810 E. D. Clarke Trav. Var. Countries: Pt. 1st xii. 239 A subsequent process of distillation afterwards obtains an ardent spirit from the koumiss.
1876 R. Bartholow Pract. Treat. Materia Med. ii. 21 By the fermentation of mare's-milk an alcoholic liquor, named koumiss, is prepared in Tartary, and has been introduced into medical practice as a remedy for phthisis.
1892 Daily News 28 Dec. 5/4 Mrs. Isabel Hapgood..gives some interesting particulars of koumiss (or ‘kumys’, as she prefers to spell it).
attributive.1884 Pall Mall Gaz. 15 Sept. 11/2 The koumiss cure is growing greatly in popularity... Sometimes patients spend six or seven summers at the koumiss establishments.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1901; most recently modified version published online September 2021).
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