kotwaln.

Brit.

/ˈkɒtwʌl/, , Indian English /ˈkoːʈʋaːl/

Forms: 1500s–1600s catual(l, 1600s cutwal(l, coute-, cotoval, 1700s cautwaul, catwal, 1800s cutwahl, cutwal, cutwaul, katwal, cotwal, kutwal, kotwal(l.

Etymology: < Hindi koṭwāl, Urdu and Persian kotwāl, katwāl, porter or keeper of a castle or fort, magistrate.

East India.

A chief officer of police for a city or town in India; a native town magistrate.‘The office in Western and Southern India, technically speaking, ceased about 1862. In Bengal the term has been long obsolete’ (Yule).

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > office > holder of office > magistrate > municipal magistrate > [noun] > in India

kotwal1582

society > law > law enforcement > police force or the police > [noun] > policeman > head of police force > foreign

commissaire1386

pristav1568

kotwal1582

provost marshal1619

commissary1787

police-master1798

thanadar1802

quaestor1862

ispravnik1886

1582 N. Lichefield tr. F. L. de Castanheda 1st Bk. Hist. Discouerie E. Indias 50 The Catuall sent to the Captaine generall a Horse.

1616 Sir T. Roe in Pinkerton's Voy. (1811) VIII. 5 I was conducted by the Cutwall to visit the Prince.

1680 tr. Trav. Tavernier, etc. II. 119 The Cotoval, who is, as 'twer, the great Prevost.

1727 A. Hamilton New Acct. E. Indies I. 197 Mr. Boucher..presently knew the Poison, and carried it to the Cautwal or Sheriff.

1763 R. Orme Hist. Mil. Trans. Brit. Nation I. 26 The Catwal is the judge and executor of justice in criminal cases.

1822 15 Yrs. India 188 The oldest and most venerable looking man in a village is Cutwal, with a court under him.

1854 J. H. Stocqueler Hand-bk. Brit. India (ed. 3) 410 The Katwal, or chief officer of justice.

1859 J. Lang Wanderings in India 42 I was enticed away from my home by the Kotwall (native police officer).

Derivatives

koˈtwalee n. police station.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > law enforcement > police force or the police > [noun] > police office or station > foreign

thana1803

Questura1852

kotwalee1854

station house1870

precinct1894

precinct station1902

gendarmerie1945

kotwali1964

precinct house1968

precinct station house1979

1854 J. H. Stocqueler Hand-bk. Brit. India (ed. 3) 227 In the centre of the city is the cutwallee, police-office.

1884 M. Thornhill Pers. Adventures Indian Mutiny xvii. 158 We should have to pass the kotwallee to reach the fort.

kotwali n. = kotwalee n.

ΘΚΠ