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单词 justifiable
释义

justifiableadj.

Brit. /ˈdʒʌstᵻfʌɪəbl/, /ˌdʒʌstᵻˈfʌɪəbl/, U.S. /ˈdʒəstəˌfaɪəbəl/, /ˌdʒəstəˈfaɪəbəl/
Forms: late Middle English– justifiable, 1500s iustifyable, 1500s–1600s iustifiable, 1600s justifieable, 1600s justifyable.
Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: justify v., -able suffix.
Etymology: < justify v. + -able suffix.Compare Old French justifiable (of an action) that justifies (c1300 in an isolated attestation in a theological context; compare French justifiable subsequently from a1765 in sense ‘able to be legally or morally justified’, after English). With sense 2 compare earlier justiciable adj., and perhaps also Anglo-Norman justifiable amenable to justice (a1321 or earlier), although all instances of this word could instead be interpreted as spellings of justisiable justiciable adj. with long s.
1.
a. Able to be legally or morally justified; able to be shown to be just, righteous, or innocent.
(a) Of an action, means, etc.justifiable homicide: see homicide n.1.
ΘΚΠ
society > morality > duty or obligation > moral or legal constraint > immunity or exemption from liability > justification > [adjective] > able to be
justifiable1443
justificablec1454
warrantable1597
qualifiable1611
1443 [implied in: 1443 in H. Nicolas Proc. & Ordinances Privy Council (1835) V. 243 (MED) Þt þe franchise be seesed as ferforth as it may justifiably be doon.].
1561 T. Norton in tr. J. Calvin Inst. Christian Relig. (1634) iv. xiii. 628 (margin) Departure from Monkerie to some other honest kind of life [is] justifiable.
1592 A. Day 2nd Pt. Eng. Secretorie sig. G2, in Eng. Secretorie (rev. ed.) May it not sometimes be iustifiable to breake a mans head?
1624 J. Smith Gen. Hist. Virginia Pref. §4 The stile of a Souldier is not eloquent, but honest and iustifiable.
1693 F. Bugg New Rome Arraigned 47 The Quakers..teach that it is as justifiable to burn the Bible, as the Books wrote by Geo. Fox.
1708 J. Keill Acct. Animal Secretion 103 In no Case..is the drawing off a large quantity of Blood at a time justifiable.
1770 H. Kelly Word to Wise ii. 24 If the worst shou'd happen, I shall still find a consolation in having taken every justifiable method to prevent it.
1819 Port Folio Jan. 20 No war is justifiable but a defensive one.
1859 J. Cumming Ruth ii. 15 Emigration from one's own land seems hardly justifiable.
1904 Accountant 19 Mar. 363/2 Is it justifiable to add to the original cost in the books the cost of carrying these properties until they are sold?
1948 Life 6 Sept. 103/2 Appropriation of billions for Europe last spring was justifiable as an emergency measure.
1991 G. Greer Change v. 135 The anti-social behaviour of demented old women might be an expression of justifiable rage too long stifled and unheard.
(b) Of a person, institution, etc. Also: in the right, correct.
ΚΠ
1581 A. Fleming Diamond of Deuotion ii. 96 Those which by thy grace, are for their might and will in some good measure iustifiable.
1593 J. Balmford Short & Plaine Dialogue conc. Vnlawfulnes Cards sig. A4v Table-playing is no whit the more lawfull, because Plato compares the life of man thereunto, than a theefe is the more iustifiable, because Christ compareth his second comming, to Burglarie in the night.
1615 T. Jackson Justifying Faith 218 Of men iustifiable because actually partakers of Gods graces, we become actually iustified or absolued.
1654 T. Gataker Disc. Apol. 84 Manie Anabaptists..are more justifiable before God, and more sufferable with man, then Presbyterians and strict Calvinists.
1705 Def. their Majesties King William & Queen Mary in Coll. State Tracts I. 207 If he was in the wrong upon the matter, he was to be blam'd in every Circumstance but if he was justifiable in the main, he was justifiable in the whole Affair.
1756 Connoisseur No. 125. 159 I was justifiable in my remarks on the barrenness of invention in most modern compositions.
1801 M. Edgeworth Forester in Moral Tales I. 128 Little artifices which a tradesman thinks himself justifiable in practising.
1846 Littell's Living Age 8 9/1 It might reasonably be asked, whether the government is justifiable in again fitting out ships filled with human beings [etc.].
1904 Southeastern Reporter 46 432/2 It not appearing that either party was justifiable in all that he did.
2011 S. Montiglio From Villain to Hero iii. 71 If because of profit, he is condemnable; but if he is thinking that the gifts betray the suitors' overconfidence, he is justifiable.
b. Supported or justified by good evidence or convincing reasoning; well-founded.
(a) Of an assertion, etc.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > testing > proof, demonstration > [adjective] > capable of being proved
provably1395
provablea1425
monstrablec1429
probable1485
demonstrable1551
justifiable1580
averrable1588
verifiable1593
ostentative1601
remonstrable1604
affirmable1611
demonstrative1612
showablea1617
deducible1617
declarable1646
evidenceable1660
evincible1761
demonstratable1814
establishable1918
1580 J. Bell tr. J. Foxe Pope Confuted ii. 85 By what argument will our aduersaries make this their assertion iustifiable?
1612 J. Selden in M. Drayton Poly-olbion viii. Illustr. 127 It is iustifiable by Cæsar, that they vs'd to shaue all except their head & vpper lip..but in their old Coynes I see no such thing warranted.
1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica iii. xxiv. 170 Some in the water doe carry a justifiable resemblance to some at the Land. View more context for this quotation
1651 ‘A. B.’ tr. L. Lessius Sir Walter Rawleigh's Ghost 201 That so much raine could cause so great an inundation..may be made justifyable partly by reason, and partly by experience.
a1686 J. Gordon Hist. Scots Affairs (1841) II. 50 That the distinctione of sinne, in mortall and veniall, was lauful and justifiable.
1712 S. Thirlby Answer to Mr. Whiston's 17 Suspicions conc. Athanasius p. cxviij As for any other Reflections I may have made Occasionally in these Papers..I hope they are fairly Justifiable by the Truth & Design of 'em.
1740 A. Baxter Matho I. vi. 368 We could not find justifiable Arguments to conclude them rational Beings.
1815 J. Smith Panorama Sci. & Art II. 265 It was admitted that the ancients spoke from justifiable data.
1872 ‘G. Eliot’ Middlemarch (1873) lxxxiv. 281/2 The mass of his feeling about Dorothea's marriage to Ladislaw was due partly to excusable prejudice, or even justifiable opinion.
1949 E. D. Merrill Index Rafinesquianus Introd. 55/1 Unreliability is a justifiable accusation.
1992 Maclean's 9 Nov. 100/2 That's a basic and justifiable claim.
(b) Of an emotion, etc.
ΚΠ
1625 S. Purchas Pilgrimes I. iv. xvi. 574 Their surprize is iust and iustifiable, all their goods forfeited.
1630 I. C. Handkercher for Parents Wet Eyes 7 If David thought his sorrow iustifiable for his Sonne that was a Rebell, and almost a Parricide; your sorrow cannot but be iust for so towardly, so deare, so precious a Sonne.
1683 tr. J.-B. de Rocoles Hist. Infamous Impostors ix. 132 Her anger was the more Justifyable, having granted this Counterfeit Sebastian, many innocent Favours.
1749 M. Pilkington Rational Concordance 8 Instances of justifiable Anger.
1794 A. Radcliffe Myst. of Udolpho II. xi. 449 Her surprise, on hearing such soothing and delicious sounds, was, at least, justifiable; for it was long—very long, since she had listened to any thing like melody.
1834 C. Bury Disinherited (1837) xxiii. 324 Perhaps her secret but justifiable sorrow at her son's conduct..had considerable influence in advancing the progress of the disease.
1888 J. C. Murray tr. S. Maimon Autobiogr. 299 The annoyance was considerably greater, as it was more justifiable, on the other side.
1922 ‘R. Crompton’ Just—William i. 16 In a moment of justifiable exasperation, he threw a beer bottle at her head.
2009 D. Moyo Dead Aid vii. 99 The disappointment is justifiable.
2. With to. Subject to the jurisdiction of. Cf. justiciable adj. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > administration of justice > [adjective] > liable or able to be dealt with by court
justiceablea1325
justiciablec1436
justifiable1523
examinable1594
cognosciblea1644
cogniscible1655
cognizable1681
conusablea1691
law-worthy1884
1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Surueyeng xviii. f. 33v Here you my lorde R. that I W. de C. fro thus day forthe to you shalbe faythfull and lowly..and I shall be iustifyable of body and of goodes.
1527 Statutes Prohemium Iohannis Rastell (new ed.) f. lxxxviiiv I shalbe iustifiable to you of body and goodis as so helpe me.
1643 W. Prynne Soveraigne Power Parl. App. 17 Whom Cæsar..calleth Reguli, little Kings, being themselves subjects and justifiable to the Nobility, who had all the Soveraignty.
3. Of a legal instrument: that confirms a claim, etc. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > administration of justice > court proceedings or procedure > evidence > [adjective] > types of evidence
corroborative1655
probative1678
nickinga1734
justifiable1755
onerative1827
corroboratory1883
sprung1966
1755 N. Magens Ess. Insurances II. 417 The justifiable Instruments of the Cargo and Loss of the Goods insured and abandoned, the Assured ought to manifest and present to the Assurers.
1781 J. Weskett Compl. Digest Theory, Laws, & Pract. Insurance 6 If the assured should have advice by a justifiable instrument, that the ship was found unable to proceed, or the goods mostly damaged, he may in this case make the said cession immediately.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2013; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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adj.1443
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