juryn.
/ˈdʒʊəri/, U.S. /ˈdʒʊri/ I. In legal use.
1. A company of persons (originally men) sworn to render a ‘verdict’ or true answer upon some question or questions officially submitted to them; in modern times, in a court of justice, usually upon evidence delivered to them touching the issue; but in the earliest times usually upon facts or matters within their own knowledge, for which reason they were summoned from the neighbourhood to which the question submitted to them related, or in which the person or persons lived as to whose conduct or death an ‘inquest’ or investigation was held.Originally, ‘The question to be addressed to them may take many different forms: it may or may not be one which has arisen in the course of litigation; it may be a question of fact or a question of law, or again what we should now-a-days call a question of mixed fact and law. What are the customs of your district? What rights has the king in your district? Name all the land-owners of your district and say how much land each of them has. Name all the persons in your district whom you suspect of murder, robbery or rape. Is Roger guilty of having murdered Ralph? Whether of the two has the greatest right to Blackacre, William or Hugh? Did Henry disseise Richard of his free tenement in Dale? The jury of trial, the jury of accusation, the jury which is summoned where there is no litigation merely in order that the king may obtain information, these all spring from a common root’ (Pollock & Maitland Hist. Eng. Law I. 118).Concerning the origin of the jury system in its various applications, and esp. of trial by jury, much has been written; but the name, in its English form, is not known to us till a jury had practically become what it is now, as a grand jury at an assize or at quarter sessions, a common or special jury in a criminal or civil trial, or a coroner's jury at an inquest (see coroner n. and inquest n.).In England, juries in all criminal trials, in civil trials in the superior courts, and in writs of inquiry, consist of 12 people, who must usually be unanimous in their verdict except by agreement of the parties. A coroner's jury may consist of any number from 7 to 11; and in this, a majority verdict is sufficient. Juries in county courts consist of 8. In Scotland, the number of a jury in a criminal trial is 15, and the verdict of a majority is accepted; in a civil trial, the number is 12, as in England.
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society > law > administration of justice > one who administers justice > jury > [noun]
jury?a1400
panelc1400
size1488
assize1528
the twelve men1589
1188 Glanvill ix. xi Inquirentur autem huiusmodi purpresture..per iuratam patrie siue visineti.
1290 Rolls Parl. I. 20/1 Cum jur[atores] illius Inquis[itionis] calumpniavit qui per calumpniam suam amoti fuerunt de Jur[ata] illa.
1292 Britton i. xxii. §10 Des viscountes et des bailliffs qi ount plus de gentz somouns qe mester ne serroit en jureez et en enquests.
1292 Britton i. xxii. §10 Et de ceux ausi qi ount mis en jureez et en enquestes gentz malades.
1328 Rolls Parl. II. 19/2 Il ne doit estre en Jurrez et Assises, si est il mys en un Jure de graunt Assise..devant les Justices du Baunk.]
?a1400 Morte Arth. 662 Ordayne thy selvene bathe jureez, and juggez, and justicez of landes.
1467–8 in Hist. MSS Comm.: 10th Rep.: App. Pt. V: MSS Marquis of Ormonde &c. (1885) 305 in Parl. Papers (C. 4576-I) XLII. 1 There shal none of the saide counsaile..passe in no jure betwene party and party.
a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) II. f. xxxiiiiv A Quest of .xii. knyghtes of Myddlesex, sworne vpon a Iurye, atwene the Abbot of Westmynster and the cyte, For certayne pryuyleges that the Cytezens of London Claymed within Westmester.
1533 T. More Debellacyon Salem & Bizance ii. xv. f. lvv I durste as wel trust the trouth of one iudge as of two iuryes.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Measure for Measure (1623) ii. i. 19 The Iury passing on the Prisoners life May in the sworne-twelue haue a thiefe, or two. View more context for this quotation
1632 in S. R. Gardiner Rep. Cases Star Chamber & High Comm. (1886) 178 None are excused from tryalls of jurie and serving in juries under the degree of a noble man.
1672 T. Manley Νομοθετης: Cowell's Interpreter sig. Mm2b Homage is sometime vsed for the Jury in the Court-Baron..because it consisteth most commonly of such, as owe homage unto the Lord of the Fee.
1709 R. Steele Tatler No. 50. ⁋12 Submitting my self to be try'd by my Country, and allowing any Jury of 12 good Men, and true, to be that Country.
1769 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. IV. xxiii. 301 An inquisition of office is the act of a jury summoned by the proper officer to enquire of matters relating to the crown, upon evidence laid before them.
1852 W. Forsyth Hist. Trial by Jury 206 It is quite clear that the separation of the accusing from the trying jury existed in the reign of Edw. III.
1859 C. Dickens Tale of Two Cities ii. xii. 93 The jury did not even turn to consider.
1895 F. Pollock & F. W. Maitland Hist. Eng. Law I. 122 The great fiscal record known to us as Domesday Book was compiled out of the verdicts of juries.
2. With particularizing additions:
a. coroner's jury: see coroner n. 1.
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society > law > administration of justice > one who administers justice > jury > [noun] > coroner's jury
jury1548
1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VIII f. lv The sentence of the quest, subscribed by the crouner..and so thesayd Iury hathe sworne.
1668 S. Pepys Diary 22 Jan. (1976) IX. 34 Find the Crowner's jury sitting.
1762 O. Goldsmith Life R. Nash 96 The coroner's jury being impanelled, brought in their verdict lunacy.
1883 Wharton's Law-lex. (ed. 7) (at cited word) Unanimity is not required from a grand jury or a coroner's jury.
b. grand jury n. a jury of inquiry, accusation, or presentment (as distinguished from a petty jury or jury of trial), consisting of from twelve to twenty-three ‘good and lawful men of a county’, who were returned by the sheriff to every session of the peace, and of the assizes, to receive and inquire into indictments, before these were submitted to a trial jury, and to perform such other duties as were committed to them. Historical exc. U.S.This body represents the grand inquest n. of earlier times. In England its action by statute and usage became greatly restricted; its principal duty before its abolition in 1933 was ‘to examine into accusations against persons charged with crime, and if it see just cause, then to find bills of indictment against them, to be presented to the court’; besides which, however, it could express opinions on changes in judicial procedure, make recommendations on this and kindred subjects, make presentments of nuisances, etc. Formerly, a Grand Jury of twenty-four was summoned also upon a writ of attaint, to inquire whether a petty jury had given a false or corrupt verdict (abolished by 6 Geo. IV, c. 50). In Ireland the Grand Jury had, down to 1898, very extensive powers in reference to the general administration of the country. In Scotland grand juries have never existed.
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society > law > administration of justice > one who administers justice > jury > [noun] > grand jury or jury of inquiry
inquestc1305
questa1325
grand or great inquest1467
grand jury1495
jury of inquiry1588
special jurya1726
inquest jury1825
1433 Rolls Parl. IV. 448/2 Pleder tiel feint & faux plee & delaier le graund Jurre, quant il fuist prest de passer.]
1495 Act 11 Hen. VII c. 21 If it be founden by the graunde Iurie in the same Atteynt that the petite Iury haven geven a true Verdite, that then the graunde Iurie shall have auctoritie and power to enquire if any of the petit Iury toke or perceyved any Somme of Money, or other rewarde [etc.].
1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Surueyeng xii. f. 22v Euery man of the graunt iury, must haue landes to the value of .xx. li. of freholde.
1607 J. Cowell Interpreter sig. Oo4/1 The Grand Iurie consisteth ordinarily of 24 graue and substantiall gentlemen..to consider of all bils of Inditement preferred to the court.
1635 Irish Acts 10 Chas. I c. 26 §3 The said Iustices..with the assent of the Grand-Iury, shall have power..to taxe..every Inhabitant..for the new building, repayring [etc.]..of such Bridges, Causeyes and Toghers.
1724 B. Mandeville Fable Bees (ed. 3) i. Pref. sig. A7v The Book..has been presented by the Grand-Jury, and condemn'd by thousands who never saw a word of it.
1769 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. IV. xxiii. 301 As many as appear upon this panel are sworn upon the grand jury, to the amount of twelve at the least, and not more than twenty-three; that twelve may be a majority.
1817 Parl. Deb. 1st Ser. (Ho. Lords) 1825 Irish Grand Jury Presentment Bill... The Earl of Donoughmore opposed the measure..because..it deprived grand juries of the power of appointing their own officers.
1827 H. Hallam Constit. Hist. Eng. II. xvi. 624 The grand jury of Kent..presented accordingly a petition on the 8th of May, 1701.
1881 Henderson in Encycl. Brit. XIII. 240/1 The power of imposing county rates [in Ireland] is, except in the case of the county of Dublin, exercised by the grand juries..at the assizes.
c. petty (or petit) jury (in contradistinction to grand jury), trial jury, traverse jury, or common jury (in contradistinction to special jury): a jury which tries the final issue of fact in civil or criminal proceedings, and pronounces its decision in a ‘verdict’ upon which the court gives judgement.
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society > law > administration of justice > one who administers justice > jury > [noun] > petty or trial jury
petty (or petit) jury1495
common jury1614
second inquest1681
trial jury1884
traverse jury1911
1495 [see grand jury n. at sense 2b].
1607 J. Cowell Interpreter sig. Oo3v Iurie (Iurata) commeth of the french (Iuererii iurare) it signifieth in our common lawe, a companie of men as 24. or 12. Sworne to deliver a truth vpon such euidence, as shalbe deliuered them touching the matter in question.
1768 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. III. xxiii. 358 A common jury is one returned by the sheriff according to the directions of the statute 3 Geo. II. c. 25. which appoints that the sheriff..shall not return a separate panel for every separate cause, as formerly.
d. special jury n. a jury consisting of persons who (being on the Jurors' book) are of a certain station in society, as esquires, bankers, or merchants, or occupy a house or other premises of a certain rateable value; also good jury (see quot. 18982).
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society > law > administration of justice > one who administers justice > jury > [noun] > grand jury or jury of inquiry
inquestc1305
questa1325
grand or great inquest1467
grand jury1495
jury of inquiry1588
special jurya1726
inquest jury1825
society > law > administration of justice > one who administers justice > jury > [noun] > special jury
special jurya1726
a1726 G. Gilbert Cases Law & Equity (1760) 130 The Court granted a rule for a good jury in Middlesex.
1730 Act 3 Geo. II c. 25 §15 In such manner as special Juries have been and are usually struck.
1768 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. III. xxiii. 357 Special juries were originally introduced in trials at bar, when the causes were of too great nicety for the discussion of ordinary freeholders; or where the sheriff was suspected of partiality.
1861 Ld. Brougham Brit. Constit. (ed. 2) xix. 351 Tried by a special jury—that is, by persons of a superior rank.
1870 Law Rep.: Common Pleas Div. 5 167 The practice of ordering a good jury existed long before the passing of the Acts which regulate special juries.
1898 Thayer Evid. Com. Law 419 The development of the mercantile law by the use of special juries.
1898 A. W. Donald in Encycl. Laws Eng. VII. 154 A Good Jury—a jury obtained by a judge's order for the purposes of a writ of inquiry. In London since the passing of the Juries Act of 1825, the sheriffs on receiving an order for a good jury have treated it as an order for a special jury.
e. jury de medietate n. [medieval Latin, = of halfness or moiety] a jury composed equally of two classes of men, a half-and-half jury; esp. ( jury de medietate linguae) one composed half of English men and half of foreigners.
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society > law > administration of justice > one who administers justice > jury > [noun] > composed of two classes of jurors
jury de medietate1768
1768 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. III. xxiii. 360 Motion to the court for a jury de medietate linguæ.
1769 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. IV. x. 128 Imbezzling or vacating records..may be tried either in the king's bench or common pleas, by a jury de medietate: half officers of any of the superior courts, and the other half common jurors.
1769 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. IV. xix. 278 By a jury formed de medietate, half of freeholders and half of matriculated persons, is the indictment to be tried [at Oxford].
1870 Act 33 Vict. c. 14 §5 From and after the passing of this Act, an alien shall not be entitled to be tried by a jury de medietate linguæ.
f. jury of matrons n. a jury of discreet women impanelled to inquire into a case of alleged pregnancy.
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society > law > administration of justice > one who administers justice > jury > [noun] > of matrons
jury of matrons1710
society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > married person > married woman > [noun] > as expert on pregnancy > group of
jury of matrons1710
1710–11 J. Addison Tatler No. 116. ⁋1 I desired the Jury of Matrons, who stood at my Right Hand, to inform themselves of her Condition.
1769 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. IV. 395 In case this plea be made in stay of execution, the judge must direct a jury of twelve matrons or discreet women to inquire the fact.
1845 Encycl. Brit. (at cited word) A jury of matrons is resorted to, in a writ de ventre inspiciendo, or when a feminine prisoner condemned to death pleads pregnancy in stay of execution.
II. transferred.† 5. (from the usual number of persons in a jury in sense 1) A company of twelve; a dozen. Obsolete.
3. Applied historically to the body of Dicasts (see dicast n.) (δικασταί) of ancient Athens, or the judices of ancient Rome, whose functions corresponded in part to those of an English jury.
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society > law > administration of justice > one who administers justice > jury > [noun] > in ancient Greece or Rome
jury1856
1856 C. R. Kennedy tr. Demosthenes Midias 63 The rudeness and the insolence, men of the jury, with which Midias uniformly behaves to all, are pretty well known, I imagine, both to you and to the rest of my fellow-countrymen.
1881 S. H. Butcher Demosthenes (1893) i. 10 In the time of Lysias corrupt officials often told the jury point-blank that unless they gave an adverse verdict there would be no funds to pay their salaries.
1881 S. H. Butcher Demosthenes (1893) i. 12 It is not easy to see how juries consisting of five hundred members or more could be effectively bribed.
4. A body of persons selected to award prizes in an exhibition or competition.
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the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > settlement of dispute, arbitration > [noun] > one who arbitrates > body judging competition
jury1851
1851 Official Descriptive & Illustr. Catal. Great Exhib. I. 30 In announcing the Prizes, the Commissioners laid down certain general principles for the guidance of the Juries.
1900 Westm. Gaz. 8 May 10/1 The prize-jury..examined the merits of no fewer than 990 competitive stories.
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the world > relative properties > number > specific numbers > eleven to ninety-nine > [noun] > twelve > group or set of twelve
dozen1340
brown dozen?1499
zodiac1560
round dozena1572
twelve1573
quest?1589
jury1592
dodecade1659
1592 W. Warner Albions Eng. (rev. ed.) vii. xxxvi. 153 Three-headed Cerberus in chaynes should make the Iury full.
1649 T. Fuller Just Mans Funeral 27 All the Jurie of the Apostles.
1650 T. Fuller Pisgah-sight of Palestine App. 190 A compleate square..with a just Jury of gates, three on each side.
Compounds
C1. General attributive.
jury-packing v.
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1887 Westm. Rev. June An address, in which they complain..of jury-packing; of the land tenure; of trade regulations confining them to certain markets.
1888 Times (Weekly ed.) 21 Dec. 2/4 The usual charge against the Executive of jury packing.
jury-panel n.
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1891 T. E. Bridgett Life Sir T. More 416 A jury-panel was formed.
jury-roll n.
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1827 P. Cunningham Two Years New S. Wales II. vi. 127 A chance would thus be afforded of having an honest man on the jury-roll.
jury-room n.
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a1832 J. Mackintosh Hist. Revol. Eng. (1834) ix. 274 The friends of the bishops watched at the door of the jury-room, and heard loud voices at midnight.
jury service n.
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1955 Radio Times 22 Apr. 28/3 Jury Service is often regarded as a tiresome duty.
1973 ‘E. McGirr’ Bardel's Murder i. 26 I got caught for jury service, six horrible days of it.
jury system n.
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1875 W. Stubbs Constit. Hist. (ed. 2) I. xiii. 611 Many writers of authority have maintained that the entire jury system is indigenous in England.
1974 Times 2 May 18/6 The acquittals..demonstrate the strength of a jury system which acquits when there is reasonable doubt.
jury-trial n.
C2. † jury-process n. Obsolete a writ formerly issued for the summoning of a jury.
jury-book n. a book containing the names of persons liable to serve on juries.
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society > law > administration of justice > one who administers justice > jury > [noun] > member(s) of jury > list of those liable to jury service
jury-list1825
jury-book1870
1870 Act 33 & 34 Victoria c. 77 §12 No person whose name shall be in the jury book as a juror shall be entitled to be excused from attendance.
jury-box n. an enclosed space in which the jury sit in court.
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society > law > administration of justice > judicial body, assembly, or court > place where court is held > [noun] > place where jury sits
box1718
justice box1820
jury-box1826
1826 S. Smith Wks. (1859) II. 112/2 He does not conjure the farmers in the jury-box, by the love which they bear to their children.
1867 A. Trollope Last Chron. Barset I. xli. 356 The men in the jury-box may decide it how they will.
jury chancellor n. the foreman of a jury (in Scotland): = chancellor n. 5.
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society > law > administration of justice > one who administers justice > jury > [noun] > member(s) of jury > foreman or woman
foreman1538
chancellor1759
jury chancellor1867
foreperson1973
1867 T. Carlyle Reminisc. (1881) II. 10 The jury chancellor..smote his now dry brow with a gesture of despair.
jury-fixer n. U.S. one who bribes or otherwise illegally influences a jury or juror; so jury-fixing.
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society > law > rule of law > lawlessness > specific offences > [noun] > influencing or packing jury
embracery1450
packa1475
embracing1495
bracery1540
jury-fixing1882
society > law > rule of law > lawlessness > specific offences > [noun] > influencing or packing jury > one who
embracer1495
jury-fixer1882
nobbler1982
1882 Washington Post 18 Mar. There might be some scope in the proceedings before the Grand Jury for a ‘jury fixer’.
1887 Library Mag. Apr. 531/2 Bribery and jury-fixing would speedily disappear.
1931 Blue Valley Farmer (Oklahoma City) 24 Dec. 1/6 Fill the town with secret service men to catch the jury fixers.
1946 C. McWilliams Southern Calif. Country 245 The long and sordid aftermath, involving jury-fixing, bribery, and murder.
jury-list n. a list of persons liable to be summoned to act as jurymen.
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society > law > administration of justice > one who administers justice > jury > [noun] > member(s) of jury > list of those liable to jury service
jury-list1825
jury-book1870
1825 Act 6 George IV c. 50 §6 (margin) High Constables to issue Precepts to Churchwardens, etc...to make out Jury Lists.
jury-trial n. trial by jury.
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society > law > administration of justice > court proceedings or procedure > trying or hearing of cause > [noun] > trial > trial by jury
visnet14..
assize1487
trial per pais1614
jury-trial1821
1821 J. Bentham Elements Art of Packing 91 When a political libel is the offence, the form of jury trial is but a melancholy farce.
1861 Ld. Brougham Brit. Constit. (ed. 2) ix. 126 The use of Jury-trial is admirable..where a question of conflicting evidence arises.
jury-woman n. (a) one of a jury of matrons; (b) a female juror.
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society > law > administration of justice > one who administers justice > jury > [noun] > member(s) of jury > member of specific type of jury
grand-juryman1599
jury-woman1805
attainor1865
society > law > administration of justice > one who administers justice > jury > [noun] > member(s) of jury > woman
jury-woman1927
1805 ‘E. de Acton’ Nuns of Desert I. 236 We wish to bribe her Jury-women, but they are inflexible.
1883 Wharton's Law-lex. (ed. 7) Jury-woman, or Jury of Matrons.
1927 Daily Tel. 24 May 17/6 The manner in which the recalcitrant jurywoman is eventually brought round is not altogether convincing.
1962 Punch 21 Nov. 733/2 One of the two jury-women who made up our twelve disappeared completely during the last day's hearing.
Derivatives
ˈjuryless adj. without a jury.
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society > law > administration of justice > one who administers justice > jury > [adjective] > without a jury
juryless1808
1808 J. Bentham Sc. Reform 29 By a wicked and jury-less Court of Conscience act.
1821 J. Bentham Elements Art of Packing 115 A Juryless Judge preferable to a covertly pensioned Jury.
Draft additions April 2004
jury duty n. originally and chiefly U.S. the (legal) obligation to serve on a jury; service on a jury; = jury service n. at Compounds 1.
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1829 Law Intelligencer Feb. 56 He had exercised or claimed no privileges as a citizen of Georgia, and when compelled to perform jury duty, had protested against its compromising his privileges as a citizen of Rhode-Island.
1890 N. Amer. Rev. Aug. 143 The States will, as many do already, supplement the provisions of law by exempting the men from jury duty and militia tax.
1922 Amer. Polit. Sci. Rev. 16 473 The court held that the Nineteenth Amendment by adding women to the body of qualified electors made them eligible to jury duty.
2003 Courier-Mail (Brisbane) (Nexis) 17 Dec. 15 The Brisbane couple met when selected for jury duty in November last year and spent four weeks considering and deliberating the sometimes gory evidence in a murder trial.
Draft additions March 2009
the jury is out: a decision has not yet been reached on a (controversial) subject; there is no consensus on a specified issue.With reference to the practice of a jury leaving the courtroom to deliberate a verdict. In quot. 1888 as part of an extended metaphor.
ΚΠ
1888 Eclectic Mag. Dec. 864 (advt.) In the witness box for Drs. Strakey & Palen's Treatment by Inhalation... To continue our metaphor—we will say the jury is out.
1949 Chicago Sunday Tribune 15 May vi. 6 The jury still is out in the case of television against athletics.
1984 Times 16 Nov. 21 It has the potential to be a high-tech growth business, even if—as yet—the jury is out on its potential to become one.
2006 L. Riley You & Your Baby Pregnancy 195 Various creams and lotions are sold to help prevent stretch marks from developing or getting worse, but the jury is out on whether they work.
Draft additions September 2020
jury tampering n. the action of influencing or attempting to influence the deliberations or verdict of a jury during the course of a trial, typically by bribery, coercion, or intimidation of one or more of its members; cf. witness tampering n.
ΚΠ
1871 N.Y. Herald 12 Dec. 8/1 Illegal registration punished—the jury tampering case—decisions.
1928 Amer. Polit. Sci. Rev. 22 944 The Fall-Sinclair jury was dismissed because of jury tampering.
1965 Los Angeles Times 30 July 1/3 An eight-year prison sentence imposed upon Teamsters Union President James Hoffa for jury tampering was unanimously affirmed..by the 6th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals.
2004 H. Kennedy Just Law (2005) iv. 115 If there is jury tampering it needs to be tackled head on. There are existing common law powers for a judge to intervene, stop a trial and order a retrial before another jury often hundreds of miles away.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1901; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
juryadj.
/ˈdʒʊəri/, U.S. /ˈdʒʊri/ I. Compounds.
1. Nautical. Used in combination to designate parts of a ship put together or contrived for temporary use.
Categories »
a. jury-rig n.
b. jury-rig v.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > shipbuilding and repairing > build a ship [verb (transitive)] > fit out or equip > rig > with temporary gear
jury-rig1840
1840 F. Marryat Poor Jack xxiii. 163 Having jury-rigged her aft, we steered our course.
c. jury-rigged adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > time > duration > shortness or brevity in time > [adjective] > temporary or provisional
whilwendlicc1000
whilenda1050
specialc1400
seasonable1549
temporary1567
provisional1597
provisionary1617
temporaneal1625
provisory1630
interimistical1643
pro tempore1649
temporaneous1656
non-permanent1782
jury-rigged1788
ad interim1806
interim1808
meantime1840
running1851
flying1857
pro tem1858
interimistic1859
temp1909
caretaker1945
1788 T. Newte Tour Eng. & Scotl. 116 The ships to be jury rigged: that is, to have smaller masts, yards, and rigging, than would be required for actual service.
d. jury-rigging n.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > masts, rigging, or sails > rigging > [noun] > temporary or emergency
jury-rigging1844
1844 T. B. Macaulay Barère in Edinb. Rev. Apr. 293 She may come safe into port under jury rigging.
Categories »
e. jury-tiller n.
f. jury-rudder n.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > steering equipment > [noun] > rudder > temporary or emergency
jury-rudder1867
1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. Jury-rudder, a contrivance..for supplying a vessel with the means of steering when an accident has befallen the rudder.
2. Used humorously of other things.
a. jury-buttocks n.
ΚΠ
1667 Third Advice in Second & Third Advice to Painter 29 Guard thy Posterior least all be gone, Though Jury-Masts, tho'hast Jury-buttocks none.
b. jury-leg n. a wooden leg, or any contrivance to supply the place of a disabled leg.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > medical appliances or equipment > prosthesis or spare part > [noun] > leg
leg1574
wooden leg1582
stump1679
peg leg1769
timber-toe1785
peg1826
tram1836
jury-leg1850
pylon1919
1850 Tait's Edinb. Mag. July 422/2 To rig him out with a sort of jury-leg, manufactured for the nonce from a young tree.
c. jury-legged adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > medical appliances or equipment > prosthesis or spare part > [adjective] > having artificial leg
jury-legged1751
timber-toed1814
tree-legged1838
wooden-legged1840
peg-legged1861
pin-legged1884
1751 T. Smollett Peregrine Pickle I. vi. 47 You jury-legg'd dog.
d. jury meal n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > meal > [noun] > makeshift meal
scamblinga1525
scrap dinner1776
offput1882
jury meal1883
1883 Cent. Mag. Oct. 944/1 The steward..had a jury-meal rigged up in presentable shape.
II. General uses.
3. Temporary, makeshift.
ΚΠ
1821 Ld. Byron Let. 21 Oct. (1978) VIII. 246 I have..some jury—chairs and tables.
1834 F. Marryat Peter Simple III. viii. 105 Rig something jury forward, and follow me.
1835 J. Ross Narr. Second Voy. North-west Passage iii. 38 We..set up the new topmast in place of the jury one.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1901; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.?a1400
adj.1667