kibbutzn.

Brit.

/kᵻˈbʊts/, U.S.

/kᵻˈbʊts/,

/kᵻˈbuts/

Inflections: Plural kibbutzim Brit.

/kᵻˈbʊtsɪm/,

/ˌkɪbʊtˈsiːm/, U.S.

/kᵻˈbʊtsᵻm/,

/ˌkɪbʊtˈsim/,

/kᵻˌbʊtˈsim/,

/ˌkɪbutˈsim/, kibbutzes.

Forms: 1900s– kibbuts, 1900s– kibbutz, 1900s– kibuts, 1900s– kibutz. Also with capital initial.

Origin: A borrowing from Hebrew. Etymon: Hebrew qibbūṣ.

Etymology: < modern Hebrew qibbūṣ collective settlement, specific semantic development of post-biblical Hebrew qibbūṣ gathering, company, community (already in the Old Testament and Hebrew Scriptures in an isolated attestation in Isaiah 57:13, where it probably means ‘assemblage’ and is used with reference to a group of idols) < qibbēṣ to assemble, to gather. Compare earlier moshav n. Compare also kibbutznik n.In plural form kibbutzim after the Hebrew plural form.

A collective settlement in the state of Israel (before 1948, Palestine), owned communally by its members, and organized on cooperative principles. Cf. kvutza n.Kibbutzim were originally agricultural settlements, but have since diversified into other economic areas. The first kibbutz, Kibbutz Degania, was established in the Jordan Valley in 1910 by Jewish immigrants from Europe.In early use denoting an association of people rather than a physical settlement.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > farm > [noun] > collective or co-operative farm

club-farm1885

subak1897

collective farm1919

kolkhoz1921

sovkhoz1921

collective1925

moshav1927

kibbutz1929

agro-city1950

agro-town1950

agrogorod1951

agroville1960

nahal1963

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > town as opposed to country > town, village, or collection of dwellings > [noun] > of socialistic or communist community

Concordium1841

communitorium1842

phalanstère1842

communistery1843

phalanstery1850

familistère1865

familistery1865

kvutza1921

kibbutz1929

1929 H. Viteles Jewish Co-operative Movement in Palestine in Bull. Palestine Econ. Soc. June 124 During the initial stages the large majority of ‘kibbutzim’ lived as groups, sharing their earnings equally and wandering from one city to another in accordance with the demand of the labour market.

1937 Jewish Exponent (Philadelphia) 1 Jan. 5/3 The grandeur that this artist feels about life in the Palestinian Kibbutz is reflected everywhere in her work.

1958 Times Lit. Suppl. 20 June 341/4 It describes how a London-bred girl, with a carping and snobbish mama, ups and joins a kibbutz in Israel.

1977 Time (Europe ed.) 7 Mar. 24/2 Rabin only squeaked through by sweeping the votes allotted to Israel's conservative kibbutzim.

1997 W. Dalrymple From Holy Mountain (1998) v. 364 The kibbutz's cowsheds and farm buildings came into view, their solar panels glinting in the morning light.

Compounds

General attributive, as kibbutz movement, kibbutz system, etc.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > town as opposed to country > town, village, or collection of dwellings > [adjective] > of socialistic or communist community

Concordian1844

kibbutz1948

1948 Vassar Miscellany News 20 Oct. 3/2 Koestler was projecting his own amoral sadism into kibbutz life.

1960 Times 15 Oct. 7/6 The kibbutz movement, whose jubilee occurs tomorrow, has been slumping.

1964 J. M. Argyle Psychol. & Social Probl. xvi. 204 Some communities have arranged for children to be brought up in groups... The best-known example of this is the kibbutz system in Israel.

2010 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 11 Feb. 43/2 The utter incomprehension and palpable disdain of the kibbutz community in the face of my decision served merely to confirm my growing alienation from the theory and practice of communitarian democracy.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	kibbutz
释义	kibbutzn. Brit. /kᵻˈbʊts/, U.S. /kᵻˈbʊts/, /kᵻˈbuts/ Inflections: Plural kibbutzim Brit. /kᵻˈbʊtsɪm/, /ˌkɪbʊtˈsiːm/, U.S. /kᵻˈbʊtsᵻm/, /ˌkɪbʊtˈsim/, /kᵻˌbʊtˈsim/, /ˌkɪbutˈsim/, kibbutzes. Forms: 1900s– kibbuts, 1900s– kibbutz, 1900s– kibuts, 1900s– kibutz. Also with capital initial. Origin: A borrowing from Hebrew. Etymon: Hebrew qibbūṣ. Etymology: < modern Hebrew qibbūṣ collective settlement, specific semantic development of post-biblical Hebrew qibbūṣ gathering, company, community (already in the Old Testament and Hebrew Scriptures in an isolated attestation in Isaiah 57:13, where it probably means ‘assemblage’ and is used with reference to a group of idols) < qibbēṣ to assemble, to gather. Compare earlier moshav n. Compare also kibbutznik n.In plural form kibbutzim after the Hebrew plural form. A collective settlement in the state of Israel (before 1948, Palestine), owned communally by its members, and organized on cooperative principles. Cf. kvutza n.Kibbutzim were originally agricultural settlements, but have since diversified into other economic areas. The first kibbutz, Kibbutz Degania, was established in the Jordan Valley in 1910 by Jewish immigrants from Europe.In early use denoting an association of people rather than a physical settlement. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > farm > [noun] > collective or co-operative farm club-farm1885 subak1897 collective farm1919 kolkhoz1921 sovkhoz1921 collective1925 moshav1927 kibbutz1929 agro-city1950 agro-town1950 agrogorod1951 agroville1960 nahal1963 society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > town as opposed to country > town, village, or collection of dwellings > [noun] > of socialistic or communist community Concordium1841 communitorium1842 phalanstère1842 communistery1843 phalanstery1850 familistère1865 familistery1865 kvutza1921 kibbutz1929 1929 H. Viteles Jewish Co-operative Movement in Palestine in Bull. Palestine Econ. Soc. June 124 During the initial stages the large majority of ‘kibbutzim’ lived as groups, sharing their earnings equally and wandering from one city to another in accordance with the demand of the labour market. 1937 Jewish Exponent (Philadelphia) 1 Jan. 5/3 The grandeur that this artist feels about life in the Palestinian Kibbutz is reflected everywhere in her work. 1958 Times Lit. Suppl. 20 June 341/4 It describes how a London-bred girl, with a carping and snobbish mama, ups and joins a kibbutz in Israel. 1977 Time (Europe ed.) 7 Mar. 24/2 Rabin only squeaked through by sweeping the votes allotted to Israel's conservative kibbutzim. 1997 W. Dalrymple From Holy Mountain (1998) v. 364 The kibbutz's cowsheds and farm buildings came into view, their solar panels glinting in the morning light. Compounds General attributive, as kibbutz movement, kibbutz system, etc. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > town as opposed to country > town, village, or collection of dwellings > [adjective] > of socialistic or communist community Concordian1844 kibbutz1948 1948 Vassar Miscellany News 20 Oct. 3/2 Koestler was projecting his own amoral sadism into kibbutz life. 1960 Times 15 Oct. 7/6 The kibbutz movement, whose jubilee occurs tomorrow, has been slumping. 1964 J. M. Argyle Psychol. & Social Probl. xvi. 204 Some communities have arranged for children to be brought up in groups... The best-known example of this is the kibbutz system in Israel. 2010 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 11 Feb. 43/2 The utter incomprehension and palpable disdain of the kibbutz community in the face of my decision served merely to confirm my growing alienation from the theory and practice of communitarian democracy. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1929
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