单词 | jump- |
释义 | jump-comb. form the verb-stem used in combinations: jump ball n. Brit. , U.S. , ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > basketball > [noun] > types of shot or ball free throw1888 foul shot1902 jump shot1909 jump ball1924 pop shot1933 jumper1937 set shot1940 lay-up1948 fallaway1949 bonus1955 hook-shot1957 sky-hook1959 buzzer beater1965 brick1971 spot-up1992 1924 W. E. Meanwell Sci. of Basket Ball 62 During scrimmage watch the tip-off formations and also those for jump ball and from out of bounds. 1939 L. W. Jourdet & K. A. Hashagen Mod. Basketball xi. 63 Cover your man well on all jump balls. If you are jumping someone else's man, make sure he covers yours. 1969 Eugene (Oregon) Register-Guard 3 Dec. 3D/1 The game had started on a technical foul when the Beavers were awarded a free throw instead of the usual jump ball. jump-cord n. Brit. , U.S. a cord to be jumped over. jump-coupling n. Brit. , U.S. a coupling of which the box consists of a collar of metal bored to fit the two connected ends of the shafts = thimble-coupling at thimble n. 5a. jump cut n. Brit. , U.S. Cinematography and Television (see quot. 1953); also transferred, attributive and as v. transitive and intransitive.ΘΚΠ society > communication > broadcasting > television > production of television broadcast > [noun] > devices fade-out1918 lap-dissolve1927 wipe1933 jump cut1953 optical1953 society > communication > broadcasting > television > production of television broadcast > produce television broadcast [verb (intransitive)] > devices wipe1951 jump cut1953 society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > cinematography > filming > special effect > [noun] > cut cutting1921 quick cut1932 cut1933 cutaway1951 jump cut1953 match cut1961 society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > cinematography > filming > special effect > special effects [verb (intransitive)] > cut to cut back1913 jump cut1953 1953 K. Reisz Technique Film Editing 280 Jump cut, cut which breaks continuity of time by jumping forward from one part of an action to another obviously separated from the first by an interval of time. 1962 Listener 9 Aug. 223/1 The eye-jerking, ear-jarring jump cuts which result when the commercials are removed from imported American programmes. 1962 Punch 19 Sept. 428/1 Harsh jump-cuts that might almost be breaks in the film. 1964 Observer 12 July 25/5 A jump-cut speeded-up sequence mostly shot from a helicopter. 1965 Time 18 June 80 He recklessly jump-cuts from scene to scene, using gimmicky transitions. 1966 Punch 6 July 26/2 The restless, jump-cutting style is sometimes disconcerting—one takes a second or two to realise that an expected bridging passage has been waived. 1968 P. Dickinson Skin Deep vii. 130 The soft lines of the black visage jump-cut into wary maturity. 1972 Times Lit. Suppl. 9 June 649/4 A series of frenzied incidents..a matter of jump-cuts and unfinished sentences suggestive of a painful collaboration between Ken Kesey and Ford Madox Ford. 1974 Times Lit. Suppl. 14 June 629/4 The reader adjusts soon enough to the breakneck jump-cuts of the first few pages. 1975 New Yorker 20 Jan. 79/1 Once Trintignant takes over as the filmmaker, the movie loses its playful movie-within-a-movie spirit, and the technique, which had been a sprinting, jump-cutting shorthand that didn't take itself too seriously, turns glassy smooth. jump jet n. Brit. , U.S. a vertical take-off/landing jet aircraft.ΘΚΠ society > travel > air or space travel > a means of conveyance through the air > aeroplane > [noun] > with jet engine(s) > types of superjet1945 twin-jet1946 fan-jet1963 jumbo jet1964 jump jet1964 jumbo1966 super-jumbo1968 tri-jet1968 stretch plane1971 stretch1973 wide-body1979 1964 Sunday Times 12 Jan. 1/4 The Ministry of Defence delays ordering the revolutionary Hawker P. 1154 ‘jump jet’ fighter. 1970 New Scientist 19 Feb. 362/1 The trials that the RAF and RN are now conducting on the employment at sea of the Harrier ‘jump-jet’. 1973 Guardian 18 Apr. 24/5 A command cruiser designed to carry jump-jet aircraft. jump jockey n. Brit. , U.S. Horse Racing a jockey who rides in steeplechases.ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > racing or race > horse racing > people involved in horse racing > [noun] > rider > types of feather1760 lightweight1773 welter1804 steeple hunter1830 a bad waster1833 steeplechaser1837 heavyweight1857 stoner1862 roper1870 point-to-pointer1929 jumping jockey1947 jump jockey1970 1970 J. Leach Rider on Stand ix. 89 Jump jockeys are a devil-may-care bunch. They accept the hazards of their profession in a happy-go-lucky manner. 1972 Times 29 Nov. 1/1 Michael Eddery, the jump jockey,..had his right leg amputated. 1973 Scotsman 7 Aug. 15/6 Barry Brogan's dispute with the Jockey Club over renewal of his jump jockey's licence ended amicably. jump-joint n. Brit. , U.S. (a) a joint in which the parts are welded end to end together, a butt-joint (see butt n.5 Compounds); (b) a flush-joint in which the edges of the plates or planking are laid close together and make a smooth surface.ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > working with specific materials > working with metal > [noun] > welding > joint made by > types of rust joint1839 butt weld1850 jump-weld1864 jump-joint1874 tee-joint1888 spot weld1908 tack weld1919 seam weld1920 fillet weld1929 fusion weld1930 braze1934 projection weld1938 flash weld1959 1874 S. J. P. Thearle Naval Archit. (new ed.) I. 95 Among these early systems [of combining the bottom plates] was that of flush or jump joints and butts connected by edge strips and butt straps on the inside surface. jump-jointed adj. Brit. , U.S. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > parts of vessels > body of vessel > [adjective] > joined in specific way (of plates) jump-jointed1867 butt-strapped1869 1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. Jump-jointed, when the plates of an iron vessel are flush, as in those that are carvel-built. jump-lead n. Brit. , U.S. each of a pair of leads for conveying electric charge from one car battery to another during a jump start.ΘΚΠ the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electricity > galvanism, voltaism > voltaic or galvanic battery > [noun] > jump start > lead used in jump-lead1969 1969 Motor 15 Nov. 85 (caption) KL Automotive products Ltd. have introduced two new battery booster cables (jump leads in garage jargon). 1976 Drive Nov. 40/2 Battery jump-leads... Hitch up your car to theirs with these thick, high-current-carrying leads. 1980 Know about your Car (A.A.) 284/1 On an automatic car with a flat battery use jump leads. jump raise n. Brit. , U.S. = jump-shift n.Π 1932 Daily Tel. 8 Oct. 15/5 The term [pre-emptive] is equally applicable to opening bids of Two or more, to Jump Raises, and to Jump Take-outs. jump-ring n. Brit. , U.S. a wire ring made by bringing the two ends together without welding. jump-rocks n. Brit. , U.S. a catostomoid fish, Moxostoma cervinum, of southern U.S. jump-rope n. Brit. , U.S. chiefly North American a skipping rope.ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > toy or plaything > other toys > [noun] > skipping rope rope1794 skipping rope1802 jump-rope1834 1805 G. McIndoe Poems & Songs 40 At three year auld he crys for whips,..And guns, and girrs, and jumpin'-rapes.] 1834 R. W. Emerson Jrnl. (1964) IV. 359 Thus is one reminded of the children's prayers who in confessing their sins, say, ‘Yes, I did take the jumprope from Mary.’ 1869 L. M. Alcott Little Women II. x. 147 Mr. Bhaer down on his hands and knees..Kitty leading him with a jump-rope. 1969 R. D. Abrahams (title) Jump-rope rhymes. 1973 Islander (Victoria, Brit. Columbia) 8 Apr. 8/1 Spring brings activity—jacks and jump ropes pop up with the flowers. jump-seat n. Brit. , U.S. (a) a movable carriage-seat; also adj.n. (ellipt.) (a carriage) provided with such a seat which can be brought into use when required; (b) a folding seat in a motor car; also transferred.ΘΚΠ society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > powered vehicle > parts and equipment of motor vehicles > [noun] > extra folding seat rumble seat1819 jump-seat1864 dicky1900 rumble1908 mother-in-law seat1961 society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > cart, carriage, or wagon > carriage for conveying persons > [noun] > types of carriage > with movable seat jump-seat1864 society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > cart, carriage, or wagon > carriage for conveying persons > [noun] > parts of > seat > movable jump-seat1864 1864 Webster's Amer. Dict. Eng. Lang. Jump-seat, a carriage constructed with a movable seat;..a movable carriage-seat. 1864 Webster's Amer. Dict. Eng. Lang. Jump-seat, a., having a movable seat; as, a jump-seat rock-away. 1875 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Jump-seat,..a kind of open buggy which has a shifting seat or seats... It may be arranged as a double or single seat vehicle. 1931 Automotive Abstr. Aug. 238/2 Treatment of the jump-seat explains unique problems presented by this accessory. 1963 Mrs. L. B. Johnson White House Diary 24 Nov. (1970) 8 We all got into the same limousine—Mrs. Kennedy and Lyndon in the back seat, the Attorney General and I in the jump seats. 1972 Guardian 18 Sept. 14/1 I was sitting in the jump seat... We were racing through the city. 1973 Black Panther 6 Oct. 10/1 Only the jump seat for stewardesses was behind him. jump-shift n. Brit. , U.S. a bid of one more than is necessary in a different suit.Π 1929 M. C. Work Compl. Contract Bridge 112 A jump-shift;..an unnecessarily high bid in another suit. jump shot n. Brit. , U.S. (a) Billiards etc., a shot which causes the ball to jump; (b) Basketball (see quot. 1961).ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > basketball > [noun] > types of shot or ball free throw1888 foul shot1902 jump shot1909 jump ball1924 pop shot1933 jumper1937 set shot1940 lay-up1948 fallaway1949 bonus1955 hook-shot1957 sky-hook1959 buzzer beater1965 brick1971 spot-up1992 society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > croquet > [noun] > types of stroke following stroke1837 rush1868 stop-stroke1868 cut1874 cut-over1874 jump-stroke1874 take-off1874 tice1874 passing croquet1877 split1896 split stroke1897 passing stroke1901 jump shot1909 Hong Kong1957 split shot1975 society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > billiards, pool, or snooker > [noun] > actions or types of play > type of stroke hazard1674 carambole1775 carom1779 cannon1802 screw1825 sidestroke1834 following stroke1837 cannonade1844 five-stroke1847 follow1850 scratch1850 fluke1857 jenny1857 bank shot1859 angle shot1860 draw shot1860 six-stroke1861 run-through1862 spot1868 quill1869 dead-stroke1873 loser1873 push1873 push stroke1873 stab1873 stab screw1873 draw1881 force1881 plant1884 anchor cannon1893 massé1901 angle1902 cradle-cannon1907 pot1907 jump shot1909 carry-along1913 snooker1924 1909 P. A. Vaile Mod. Golf 92 This shot has its exact counterpart on the billiard table in the useful jump-shot. 1961 J. S. Salak Dict. Amer. Sports 250 Jump shot (basketball), a shot taken with both feet off the floor. It can be made with one or two hands with the one-handed shot in general use in the National Basketball Association. 1966 D. Miller & R. Thorp Croquet 174 Jump shot, a shot in which the ball is struck so that it leaves the ground. 1969 New Yorker 14 June 79/1 You go through Harlem and you'll see kids less than five feet tall with pretty good jump shots and hook shots. 1974 Anderson (S. Carolina) Independent 20 Apr. 8A/1 New York's Julius Erving, known as Dr. J., drilled the 20-foot jump shot that gave the Nets their 3–0 margin in the series with an 89–87 victory at Louisville on Wednesday. jump spark n. Brit. , U.S. a spark produced by the application of a potential difference to two electrical conductors separated by a narrow gap; usually attributive, designating devices or methods employing this.ΘΚΠ the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electricity > discharge of electricity > [adjective] > relating to sparks spark-gap1889 jump spark1908 the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electricity > discharge of electricity > [noun] > point of discharge > discontinuous discharge electric spark1745 spark1749 electric(al) spark1771 brush1789 brush discharge1849 jump spark1908 1908 J. H. Adams in Onker & Baker Harper's How to understand Electr. Work 340/2 Jump-spark, a disruptive spark excited between two conducting surfaces in distinction from a spark excited by a rubbing contact. 1911 Daily Colonist (Victoria, Brit. Columbia) 20 Apr. 8/1 A regal Marine Engine... Jump spark or make-and-break ignition. 1922 A. F. Collins Bk. Wireless Telegr. & Telephone i. 6 The spark-coil, or induction coil,..is used to change the battery current into a current of high pressure to make jump sparks. 1938 A. W. Judge Automobile Electr. Maintenance ii. 27 A brass plate at the end of the arm..passes very close to the brass contacts..as it rotates, so that a spark leaps across the small air gap. This is known as the jump spark method. 1963 A. Bird & F. Hutton-Stott Veteran Motor Car Pocketbk. 8 ‘Jump-spark’ ignition in American usage generally, though not always, referred to high tension coil and battery apparatus with a mechanical contact-breaker and non-trembling coil, but in English usage, at one time, ‘jump-spark ignition’ meant any form of H.T. ignition with spark-gaps or ‘intensifiers’ included in the circuit. jump-start v. Brit. , U.S. (transitive) to start (a vehicle) using the charge from another vehicle's battery, by means of jump-leads; hence also as n., the starting of a vehicle in this way.ΘΚΠ the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electricity > galvanism, voltaism > voltaic or galvanic battery > [noun] > jump start jump-start1976 the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electricity > galvanism, voltaism > voltaic or galvanic battery > charge [verb (transitive)] > jump-start jump-start1976 1973 Motor 10 Nov. 22/3 (heading) Jump-a-start.] 1976 J. Webster Automotive Fund. for Consumer viii. 176 To jump-start a car, another car with a good battery and a set of jumper cables is needed. 1977 Washington Post 9 Nov. b8/2 Another car, also with its hood up and facing the stalled car, was trying to give it a jump start. 1985 New Yorker 21 Oct. 38/2 I jump-start her car when her battery is dead, she gives me basil from her garden. jump-stroke n. Brit. , U.S. Croquet see quot.ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > croquet > [noun] > types of stroke following stroke1837 rush1868 stop-stroke1868 cut1874 cut-over1874 jump-stroke1874 take-off1874 tice1874 passing croquet1877 split1896 split stroke1897 passing stroke1901 jump shot1909 Hong Kong1957 split shot1975 1874 J. D. Heath Compl. Croquet-player 41 The leapfrog or jump stroke has lately been used..with great success, for getting through narrow hoops at a very oblique angle... The effect of this stroke is to make the ball jump up when it strikes the further wire of the hoop. jump take-off n. Brit. , U.S. , ΚΠ 1939 Jrnl. Royal Aeronaut. Soc. 43 62 A sustaining rotor for a gyroplane of the ‘jump take-off’ type. jump take-out n. Brit. , U.S. = jump-shift n.Π 1932 Daily Tel. 8 Oct. 15/5 The term [pre-emptive] is equally applicable to opening bids of Two or more, to Jump Raises, and to Jump Take-outs. jump turn n. Brit. , U.S. a turn made while jumping; spec. in Skiing.ΘΚΠ society > leisure > dancing > movements or steps > [noun] > step > other steps reprise1521 double1531 reprinse1531 single1531 hop1579 cross-pointa1592 trip1601 back-tricka1616 inturna1627 shorta1652 coupee1673 cut1676 fleuret1677 bourrée step or pas de bourrée1706 contretemps1706 cross-step1728 boring1775 pigeon wing1807 pas de basque1818 cross-cut1842 flicflac1852 buckle-covering1859 reverse1888 reversing1892 cross-stepping1893 box step1914 jump turn1924 moonwalk1969 coupé- society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > winter sports > skiing > [noun] > actions of skier > types of turn telemark1901 snow-ploughing1904 stemming1904 Christiania1905 snow-plough1905 kick-turn1910 christie1920 stem-Christiania1922 stem turn1922 jump turn1924 stem-Christie1936 wedeln1957 wedeling1977 parallel1985 1924 Tourist Winter Sports No. 12/1 Jump turn, a method of changing direction or stopping. 1949 G. Shurr & R. D. Yocom Mod. Dance v. 147 Add a jump in place after each landing, before executing jump-turn movement in air. 1972 ‘M. Yorke’ Silent Witness ii. 13 He did a quick jump turn and took the narrow track, running fast along the twisting piste. jump-weld n. Brit. , U.S. a weld effected by hammering together the heated ends of two pieces of metal; a butt-weld.ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > working with specific materials > working with metal > [noun] > welding > joint made by > types of rust joint1839 butt weld1850 jump-weld1864 jump-joint1874 tee-joint1888 spot weld1908 tack weld1919 seam weld1920 fillet weld1929 fusion weld1930 braze1934 projection weld1938 flash weld1959 1864 Webster's Amer. Dict. Eng. Lang. at Weld Butt-weld, or jump-weld. jump-weld v. Brit. , U.S. Draft additions September 2018 jump scare n. Brit. , U.S. (esp. in a film or computer game) a sudden or unexpected event, typically involving or accompanied by a loud, jarring sound, intended to startle an audience.ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > expectation > surprise, unexpectedness > [noun] > cause of surprise > intended to startle an audience jump scare1986 1986 Cinefantastique Oct. 21/4 Jason Lives. Friday the 13th Part VI... A series of jump scares, laughs, and other surprises keep the audience off guard for Jason's appearances on screen. 1990 J. Blocker in Motion Picture Guide Ann. 44/2 A disappointing go-for-the-throat style—with a pounding Jerry Goldsmith score..and cheap ‘jump’ scares. 2011 Slate Mag. (Nexis) 1 Feb. (Gaming section) It is less a video game than mainlined anxiety, its jump-scares timed with sadistic precision. 2015 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 14 June (Arts & Leisure section) 22/1 ‘Hannibal’ eschews the lazy ‘jump scare’ violins that so many horror movies and TV shows employ as a matter of course. 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