assistancen.

/əˈsɪstəns/

Forms: Middle English–1500s assystence, 1500s assistence, 1500s–1600s assistaunce, 1500s– assistance.

Etymology: < French assistance, < assister : see assist v. and -ance suffix.

†1. The being or remaining near; presence, attendance. Obsolete except as assumedly French.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > place > presence > [noun]

presencea1325

presencea1475

assistance1528

presentness1530

presency1542

presentiality1651

presentialness1689

1528 T. More Dialogue Heresyes i, in Wks. 145/2 The perpetual..assistence of Christ with his church.

1530 Myroure Oure Ladye (Fawkes) (1873) ii. 78 Ryghtful men are strengthed..by more nere assystence of aungels to them.

1644 in J. Milton tr. M. Bucer Ivdgem. conc. Divorce Testimonies sig. A3 His sumptuous burial..solemniz'd with so great an assistance of all the Universitie.

1883 Pall Mall Gaz. 5 Nov. 3 The ‘assistance’ of the Government at the ceremony.

2. collective (rarely plural). Persons present, bystanders, audience. Obsolete except as recently re-adopted from French.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > one who sees > [noun] > one present at an event > collectively

assistancea1492

a1492 W. Caxton tr. Vitas Patrum (1495) i. xvi. f. xxi/1 Whyche the holy angelles bare in to heuen in the presence of the assystences.

1596 T. Lodge Margarite of Amer. sig. M4^v Weeping [so] piteously..that the whole assistance became compassionate.

1651 J. Saint-Amard tr. F. Micanzio Life Father Paul sig. B4^v Difficult propositions..by him maintained before that venerable assistance.

1881 G. G. Scott Ess. Hist. Eng. Church Archit. i. 8 The altar, in full view of all the assistance.

a. The action of helping or aiding in an undertaking or necessity; furtherance, succour; also, the help afforded, aid, support, relief. Formerly often in plural.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > easiness > aid, help, or assistance > [noun]

fultumeOE

help971

succour?c1225

abetc1330

succouringc1330

speedc1340

subsidya1387

rescousc1390

chevisancea1400

juvamentc1400

supply1420

aid1430

favour1434

supplying1436

suffrage1445

availa1450

boteningc1450

succurrancec1450

adjuvancea1460

assistance1495

meeda1500

subventiona1500

suppliancea1500

adjutory?a1513

sistancea1513

adminiculation1531

abetment1533

assisting1553

adjument1576

society1586

aidance1593

opitulation1598

secourse1598

second1605

suppeditation1605

assistency1642

auxiliation1657

adjutancy1665

adjuvancy1677

abettal1834

sustenance1839

constructiveness1882

1495 Trevisa's Bartholomeus De Proprietatibus Rerum (de Worde) i. sig. Aij/1 By þ^e goode grace. helpe & assystence of almyghty god.

a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) II. f. xl^v Roger with the assystence of the Mayre and other toke the sayd Rascall.

1597 W. Shakespeare Richard III iv. ii. 5 Thus high by thy aduice And thy assistance is king Richard seated.

1659 H. Hammond Paraphr. & Annot. Psalms (cviii. 12 Paraphr.) 550 All other assistances, beside that of heaven, being utterly unsufficient.

1740 C. Cibber Apol. Life C. Cibber xvi. 322 Notwithstanding these assistances, the expence of every play amounted to fifty pounds.

1858 O. W. Holmes Autocrat of Breakfast-table viii. 204 Many people can ride on horseback who find it hard to get on and to get off without assistance.

b. elliptical for National Assistance (see national adj.).

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > grants and allowances > [noun] > state allowance > other state benefits

maternity benefit1911

universal basic income1935

constant attendance allowance1945

death grant1946

National Assistance1948

negative income tax1950

assistance1956

supplementary benefit1966

attendance allowance1969

income support1969

mobility allowance1974

UBI1993

1956 A. Wilson Anglo-Saxon Attitudes ii. i. 244 Ten quid's not going to put us on Assistance.

1959 New Statesman 1 Aug. 125/2 The forthcoming increases will be a temptation to the ‘casual’ labourer who has a large family to shift from earnings to assistance.

†4. collective (rarely plural) A body of helpers: see assistant adj. and n. Compounds (Cf. accountance, acquaintance.)

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > easiness > aid, help, or assistance > [noun] > that which or one who helps or means of help > a helper > body of

assistance1564

1564 in J. Strype Ann. Reformation I. ii. xli. 463 To every parish belongeth..an assistance, being thirteen persons, to consist of such only as had before been church-wardens and constables.

1611 in J. Gutch Collectanea Curiosa (1781) I. 106 The chief magistrate..was a Portgrave or Reve..and his assistances Burgesses.

1679 I. Bargrave tr. F. Micanzio Exact Discov. Myst. Iniquity 17 Give notice..to the Assistance at Rome, or to the Father-General.

1692 E. Settle Tri. Lond. in J. B. Heath Some Acct. Worshipful Company of Grocers (1869) 555 Then twelve Gentlemen Ushers, and after them the Court of Assistance.

Draft additions March 2019

assistance animal n. an animal (typically a dog) that has been trained to assist a person who has a disability or a disabling condition; cf. assistance dog n.Recorded earliest in attributive use.

ΚΠ

1986 Kenosha (Wisconsin) News 25 Aug. 7/6 Abdul, an 11-year-old Labrador retriever who won the first annual ‘Assistance Animal Award’, pushes the elevator button for his quadriplegic mistress.

1996 Orange Coast Dec. 101/2 The People-Pet Partnership..introduces assistance animals to nursing homes.

2012 M. DeMello Animals & Society x. 202 If the owner's condition changes, assistance animals can adapt to those changes.

assistance dog n. a dog that has been trained to assist a person who has a disability or a disabling condition.Assistance dogs often assist those who are blind (cf. seeing-eye dog at seeing eye adj. 1, guide dog n. at guide n. Compounds 2), deaf (cf. hearing dog n. at hearing adj. Additions), or who have a condition such as epilepsy or diabetes.

ΚΠ

1982 E. C. Sheeley & D. McQuiddy Words & Meanings: helping Deaf-blind Child (STEPS Booklet No. 3: Dept. Communicative Disorders, Univ. of Alabama) 52 Hearing dog (assistance dog), an animal that has been given special training. He will alert his master to the doorbell, smoke alarm, and other sounds.

1989 Weekly World News 18 July 3 Kendrick is an ‘assistance’ dog trained to pick up things, fetch things Teddy can't reach, flick lights on or off.

2013 National Trust Mag. Autumn (Notice of AGM Suppl.) 16/1 Assistance dogs are welcome inside the venue. Pets are not permitted.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1885; most recently modified version published online September 2021).

单词	assistance
释义	assistancen. /əˈsɪstəns/ Forms: Middle English–1500s assystence, 1500s assistence, 1500s–1600s assistaunce, 1500s– assistance. Etymology: < French assistance, < assister : see assist v. and -ance suffix. †1. The being or remaining near; presence, attendance. Obsolete except as assumedly French. ΘΚΠ the world > space > place > presence > [noun] presencea1325 presencea1475 assistance1528 presentness1530 presency1542 presentiality1651 presentialness1689 1528 T. More Dialogue Heresyes i, in Wks. 145/2 The perpetual..assistence of Christ with his church. 1530 Myroure Oure Ladye (Fawkes) (1873) ii. 78 Ryghtful men are strengthed..by more nere assystence of aungels to them. 1644 in J. Milton tr. M. Bucer Ivdgem. conc. Divorce Testimonies sig. A3 His sumptuous burial..solemniz'd with so great an assistance of all the Universitie. 1883 Pall Mall Gaz. 5 Nov. 3 The ‘assistance’ of the Government at the ceremony. 2. collective (rarely plural). Persons present, bystanders, audience. Obsolete except as recently re-adopted from French. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > one who sees > [noun] > one present at an event > collectively assistancea1492 a1492 W. Caxton tr. Vitas Patrum (1495) i. xvi. f. xxi/1 Whyche the holy angelles bare in to heuen in the presence of the assystences. 1596 T. Lodge Margarite of Amer. sig. M4^v Weeping [so] piteously..that the whole assistance became compassionate. 1651 J. Saint-Amard tr. F. Micanzio Life Father Paul sig. B4^v Difficult propositions..by him maintained before that venerable assistance. 1881 G. G. Scott Ess. Hist. Eng. Church Archit. i. 8 The altar, in full view of all the assistance. 3. a. The action of helping or aiding in an undertaking or necessity; furtherance, succour; also, the help afforded, aid, support, relief. Formerly often in plural. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > easiness > aid, help, or assistance > [noun] fultumeOE help971 succour?c1225 abetc1330 succouringc1330 speedc1340 subsidya1387 rescousc1390 chevisancea1400 juvamentc1400 supply1420 aid1430 favour1434 supplying1436 suffrage1445 availa1450 boteningc1450 succurrancec1450 adjuvancea1460 assistance1495 meeda1500 subventiona1500 suppliancea1500 adjutory?a1513 sistancea1513 adminiculation1531 abetment1533 assisting1553 adjument1576 society1586 aidance1593 opitulation1598 secourse1598 second1605 suppeditation1605 assistency1642 auxiliation1657 adjutancy1665 adjuvancy1677 abettal1834 sustenance1839 constructiveness1882 1495 Trevisa's Bartholomeus De Proprietatibus Rerum (de Worde) i. sig. Aij/1 By þ^e goode grace. helpe & assystence of almyghty god. a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) II. f. xl^v Roger with the assystence of the Mayre and other toke the sayd Rascall. 1597 W. Shakespeare Richard III iv. ii. 5 Thus high by thy aduice And thy assistance is king Richard seated. View more context for this quotation 1659 H. Hammond Paraphr. & Annot. Psalms (cviii. 12 Paraphr.) 550 All other assistances, beside that of heaven, being utterly unsufficient. 1740 C. Cibber Apol. Life C. Cibber xvi. 322 Notwithstanding these assistances, the expence of every play amounted to fifty pounds. 1858 O. W. Holmes Autocrat of Breakfast-table viii. 204 Many people can ride on horseback who find it hard to get on and to get off without assistance. b. elliptical for National Assistance (see national adj.). ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > grants and allowances > [noun] > state allowance > other state benefits maternity benefit1911 universal basic income1935 constant attendance allowance1945 death grant1946 National Assistance1948 negative income tax1950 assistance1956 supplementary benefit1966 attendance allowance1969 income support1969 mobility allowance1974 UBI1993 1956 A. Wilson Anglo-Saxon Attitudes ii. i. 244 Ten quid's not going to put us on Assistance. 1959 New Statesman 1 Aug. 125/2 The forthcoming increases will be a temptation to the ‘casual’ labourer who has a large family to shift from earnings to assistance. †4. collective (rarely plural) A body of helpers: see assistant adj. and n. Compounds (Cf. accountance, acquaintance.) ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > easiness > aid, help, or assistance > [noun] > that which or one who helps or means of help > a helper > body of assistance1564 1564 in J. Strype Ann. Reformation I. ii. xli. 463 To every parish belongeth..an assistance, being thirteen persons, to consist of such only as had before been church-wardens and constables. 1611 in J. Gutch Collectanea Curiosa (1781) I. 106 The chief magistrate..was a Portgrave or Reve..and his assistances Burgesses. 1679 I. Bargrave tr. F. Micanzio Exact Discov. Myst. Iniquity 17 Give notice..to the Assistance at Rome, or to the Father-General. 1692 E. Settle Tri. Lond. in J. B. Heath Some Acct. Worshipful Company of Grocers (1869) 555 Then twelve Gentlemen Ushers, and after them the Court of Assistance. Draft additions March 2019 assistance animal n. an animal (typically a dog) that has been trained to assist a person who has a disability or a disabling condition; cf. assistance dog n.Recorded earliest in attributive use. ΚΠ 1986 Kenosha (Wisconsin) News 25 Aug. 7/6 Abdul, an 11-year-old Labrador retriever who won the first annual ‘Assistance Animal Award’, pushes the elevator button for his quadriplegic mistress. 1996 Orange Coast Dec. 101/2 The People-Pet Partnership..introduces assistance animals to nursing homes. 2012 M. DeMello Animals & Society x. 202 If the owner's condition changes, assistance animals can adapt to those changes. assistance dog n. a dog that has been trained to assist a person who has a disability or a disabling condition.Assistance dogs often assist those who are blind (cf. seeing-eye dog at seeing eye adj. 1, guide dog n. at guide n. Compounds 2), deaf (cf. hearing dog n. at hearing adj. Additions), or who have a condition such as epilepsy or diabetes. ΚΠ 1982 E. C. Sheeley & D. McQuiddy Words & Meanings: helping Deaf-blind Child (STEPS Booklet No. 3: Dept. Communicative Disorders, Univ. of Alabama) 52 Hearing dog (assistance dog), an animal that has been given special training. He will alert his master to the doorbell, smoke alarm, and other sounds. 1989 Weekly World News 18 July 3 Kendrick is an ‘assistance’ dog trained to pick up things, fetch things Teddy can't reach, flick lights on or off. 2013 National Trust Mag. Autumn (Notice of AGM Suppl.) 16/1 Assistance dogs are welcome inside the venue. Pets are not permitted. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1885; most recently modified version published online September 2021). < n.a1492
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