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单词 jumbie
释义

jumbien.

Brit. /ˈdʒʌmbi/, U.S. /ˈdʒəmbi/, Caribbean English /ˈdʒʌmbi/, /ˈdʒʊmbi/
Forms: 1700s–1800s jumbee, 1800s jumbi, 1800s– jombi, 1800s– jombie, 1800s– jumbie, 1800s– jumby, 1900s– jombay, 1900s– joombie, 1900s– jumbay, 1900s– jumbey.
Origin: Apparently a borrowing from Kimbundu. Etymon: Kimbundu nzumbi.
Etymology: Apparently < Kimbundu nzumbi (see zombie n.), with change of the initial consonant in a Caribbean linguistic context. Compare earlier zumbi n. and later zombie n.
Chiefly Caribbean.
The ghost or spirit of a dead person, esp. a malevolent one. Cf. duppy n., zombie n. 1.Earliest in jumbie bead n. at Compounds.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the supernatural > supernatural being > ghost or phantom > [noun]
soulOE
huea1000
ghostOE
fantasyc1325
spiritc1350
phantomc1384
phantasmc1430
haunterc1440
shadowa1464
appearance1488
wraith1513
hag1538
spoorn1584
vizarda1591
life-in-death1593
phantasma1598
umbra1601
larve1603
spectre1605
spectrum1611
apparitiona1616
shadea1616
shapea1616
showa1616
idolum1619
larva1651
white hat?1693
zumbi1704
jumbie1764
duppy1774
waff1777
zombie1788
Wild Huntsman1796
spook1801
ghostie1810
hantua1811
preta1811
bodach1814
revenant1823
death-fetch1826
sowlth1829
haunt1843
night-bat1847
spectrality1850
thivish1852
beastie1867
ghost soul1869
barrow-wight1891
resurrect1892
waft1897
churel1901
comeback1908
1764 J. Grainger Sugar-cane i. 38 (note) This [sc. wild liquorice] is a scandent plant, from which the Negroes gather what they call Jumbee Beeds [sic].
1838 E. L. Joseph Warner Arundell I. xi. 99 I asked him if he thought it was a jumby (spirit).
1894 ‘A. Spinner’ Study in Colour iv. 47 To tremble over the terrible tales of the Jumbi and Duppies, that..terrify belated travellers.
1952 E. Mittelhölzer Children of Kaywana (1959) 75 He say this where our father used to sleep. Hannah, suppose we see his jumbie in de night?
1997 P. Melville Ventriloquist's Tale (1998) iii. 339 In the morning mists one of the children looked out of the window and thought they were jumbies and woke up the whole village.

Compounds

jumbie bead n. the hard seed of any of several tropical leguminous plants typically used as a bead; esp. the red and black seed of jequirity, Abrus precatorius.Jewellery made from jumbie beads has been used as protection from malevolent spirits and to ward off evil.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > plants, nuts, seeds, or fruits used as beads or vessels > [noun] > jequirity plant or jumby bead
jumbie bead1764
jumble-bead1855
prayer bead1861
jequirity1882
1764 J. Grainger Sugar-cane i. 38 (note) This [sc. wild liquorice] is a scandent plant, from which the Negroes gather what they call Jumbee Beeds [sic].
1802 H. Swinburne Let. 17 Feb. in Courts of Europe (1841) II. 339 I gathered to-day, a handful of Jumbee beads.
1956 Caribbean Q. 4 iii. 198 They also sold charms made of ‘Jumby beads’ (abrus precatorius and allied species).
2003 Amer. Forests Autumn 37 If you got home late at night and didn't have jumbie beads in your lamp..you had to walk into your house backwards or the jumbies would follow you in.
jumbie bean n. any of several tropical leguminous trees associated with ghosts or spirits of dead people; esp. the leadtree, Leucaena leucocephala; (also) a seed from such a tree; cf. jumbie tree n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > non-British trees or shrubs > South American and West Indian trees or shrubs > [noun] > others
persea1601
mahoe1666
poison berry1672
white mangrove1683
maiden plum1696
angelin1704
garlic-pear1725
milkwood-tree1725
Jack-in-the-box1735
cherimoya1736
rattle bush1750
galapee1756
genip1756
lace bark1756
sunfruit1787
wild orange1802
hog-nut1814
mountain pride1814
savannah wattle1814
mora1825
rubber tree1826
mayflower1837
bastard manchineel1838
long john1838
seringa1847
sack tree1849
jumbie tree1860
jumbie bean1862
king-tree1863
gauze-tree1864
mountain green1864
snowdrop tree1864
strong bark1864
switch-sorrel1864
candle-tree1866
maypole1866
angelique1873
poisonwood1884
porkwood1884
1862 R. Hunt Handbk. Industr. Dept. Internat. Exhib. 1862 II. 385 Bracelets and bags, made of the seed of what is called locally ‘jumbie beans’, but which are the seeds of Desmanthus virgatus, a species of mimosa.
1918 N. L. Britton Flora of Bermuda 169 Leucaena glauca..Jumbie Bean... Its seeds, strung on thread, are made into necklaces.
2011 R. A. T. George Trop. Veg. Production xi. 132 Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit.—jumbie bean, white popinac—jumbie bean is an erect semi-shrub-like plant.
jumbie bird n. Guyana, Trinidad, and Tobago a bird of ill omen, esp. an owl.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > birds > [noun] > of omen
night-crowc1350
whistler1590
oscines1621
death bird1820
jumbie bird1827
the world > animals > birds > order Strigiformes or owl > [noun]
owleOE
howlec1430
mouser1440
howletc1450
nightbirdc1450
owlet1542
night owl1581
jenny-howlet1600
tu-whit tu-whoo1604
Welsh ambassador1608
mouse-catcher1611
Welsh falconera1640
hooter1673
hobhouchin1682
flying-cat1699
houchin1746
jumbie bird1827
1827 Trinidad Guardian 2 Oct. in L. Winer Dict. Eng./Creole Trinidad & Tobago (2009) 475/2 He face tan like Jumbee-bird Owl.
1969 I. McDonald Humming-bird Tree (1992) v. 171 A jumby bird hooted from one of the plum trees along the path of the road.
2011 E. Lovelace Is just Movie 232 The douens with their little children bodies..calling, hoot! Hoot! Hoot, like jumbie birds, as they ran through the forest playing.
jumbie tree n. any of several tropical trees associated with ghosts or spirits of dead people; esp. the leadtree, Leucaena leucocephala, and the kapok tree, Ceiba pentandra.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > non-British trees or shrubs > South American and West Indian trees or shrubs > [noun] > others
persea1601
mahoe1666
poison berry1672
white mangrove1683
maiden plum1696
angelin1704
garlic-pear1725
milkwood-tree1725
Jack-in-the-box1735
cherimoya1736
rattle bush1750
galapee1756
genip1756
lace bark1756
sunfruit1787
wild orange1802
hog-nut1814
mountain pride1814
savannah wattle1814
mora1825
rubber tree1826
mayflower1837
bastard manchineel1838
long john1838
seringa1847
sack tree1849
jumbie tree1860
jumbie bean1862
king-tree1863
gauze-tree1864
mountain green1864
snowdrop tree1864
strong bark1864
switch-sorrel1864
candle-tree1866
maypole1866
angelique1873
poisonwood1884
porkwood1884
1860 Dublin Univ. Mag. Nov. 614/1 The African race..have a curious belief that these disembodied beings take up their lodgings generally..in the lofty branches of the great silk cotton tree, which in consequence is often called jumbie tree.
1931 H. C. Sampson Rep. Devel. Agric. Bahamas iv. 19 Very great value is placed on the Jumbie tree (Leucaena glauca), for all types of stock which chew the cud.
2006 South Florida & Caribbean Parks Exotic Plant Managem. Plan & Environmental Impact Statement (U.S. National Parks Service) I. 277 Among these special plants are ‘magic’ and ‘jumbie’ trees or plants, related to beliefs about spirit trees in West Africa.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2021; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
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n.1764
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更新时间:2024/12/23 7:31:30